thornbackn.

Brit.

/ˈθɔːnbak/, U.S.

/ˈθɔrnˌbæk/

Forms:

α. see thorn n. and back n.¹

β. Middle English thornbagge, 1600s thornbage, 1600s thornbagg.

Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: thorn n., back n.¹

Etymology: < thorn n. + back n.¹With sense 1 compare thorny-back n. at thorny adj. Compounds 2b. With the β. forms compare forms in -g at stickleback n.

a. The common ray or skate ( Raia clavata) of British seas, used as food, distinguished by having several rows of short sharp spines arranged along the back and tail. Also called †thorny-back (obsolete).

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > fish > subclass Elasmobranchii > order Hypotremata > [noun] > family Rajidae > raia clavata (thornback)

thornbackc1300

maid1569

fork-fish1601

rock ray1611

maid-fish1665

thorn-but1668

thorny-back1811

roker1860

thornback ray1862

the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > seafood > [noun] > fish > skate

thornbackc1300

skatec1340

thorn-but1668

thorny-back1811

thornback ray1862

c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 759 Þe Butte, þe schulle, þe þornebake.

c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 832.

1392 Earl Derby's Exp. (Camden) 155 Pro vj thornebakkes, iiij d.

c1440 Anc. Cookery in Coll. Ordinances Royal Househ. (1790) 469 A codlynge or whitynge, or thornbagge, or hadok.

1594 T. Nashe Vnfortunate Traveller sig. D My blacke cloake..ouer-spreading my backe like a thornebacke.

1605 in J. Harland House & Farm Accts. Shuttleworths (1856) I. 170 One thornbage and fyve flokes vj^d.

1653 H. Cogan tr. F. M. Pinto Voy. & Adventures (1663) xxiv. 89 We saw Fishes in the Shape of Thornbacks, that were four fathoms about, and had a Muzzle like an Ox.

1859 J. Richardson Yarrell's Hist. Brit. Fishes (ed. 3) II. 582 The Thornback and its female the Maid.

1861 R. T. Hulme tr. C. H. Moquin-Tandon Elements Med. Zool. ii. iii. i. 106 The Thorn~back.., from the shores of the Mediterranean, is of a brown colour, spotted with white and black. The body attains a length of twelve feet.

b. As the name of other species of ray: see quots.

ΚΠ

1731 G. Medley tr. P. Kolb Present State Cape Good-Hope II. 202 The Cape-Thornback [Ger. Roch] is a broad flat fish from three quarters of an inch to an inch thick.

1898 E. E. Morris Austral Eng. Thornback, Name for one of the Stingrays, Raia lemprieri, Richards.

†c. figurative. Opprobriously applied to a person.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > inferior person > [noun] > as abused

warlockOE

swinec1175

beastc1225

wolf's-fista1300

avetrolc1300

congeonc1300

dirtc1300

slimec1315

snipec1325

lurdanc1330

misbegetc1330

sorrowa1350

shrew1362

jordan1377

wirlingc1390

frog?a1400

warianglea1400

wretcha1400

horcop14..

turdc1400

callet1415

lotterela1450

paddock?a1475

souter1478

chuff?a1500

langbain?c1500

cockatrice1508

sow1508

spink1508

wilrone1508

rook?a1513

streaker?a1513

dirt-dauber?1518

marmoset1523

babiona1529

poll-hatcheta1529

bear-wolf1542

misbegotten1546

pig1546

excrement1561

mamzer1562

chuff-cat1563

varlet1566

toada1568

mandrake1568

spider1568

rat1571

bull-beef1573

mole-catcher1573

suppository1573

curtal1578

spider-catcher1579

mongrela1585

roita1585

stickdirta1585

dogfish1589

Poor John1589

dog's facec1590

tar-boxa1592

baboon1592

pot-hunter1592

venom1592

porcupine1594

lick-fingers1595

mouldychaps1595

tripe1595

conundrum1596

fat-guts1598

thornback1599

land-rat1600

midriff1600

stinkardc1600

Tartar1600

tumbril1601

lobster1602

pilcher1602

windfucker?1602

stinker1607

hog rubber1611

shad1612

splay-foot1612

tim1612

whit1612

verdugo1616

renegado1622

fish-facea1625

flea-trapa1625

hound's head1633

mulligrub1633

nightmare1633

toad's-guts1634

bitch-baby1638

shagamuffin1642

shit-breech1648

shitabed1653

snite1653

pissabed1672

bastard1675

swab1687

tar-barrel1695

runt1699

fat-face1740

shit-sack1769

vagabond1842

shick-shack1847

soor1848

b1851

stink-pot1854

molie1871

pig-dog1871

schweinhund1871

wind-sucker1880

fucker1893

cocksucker1894

wart1896

so-and-so1897

swine-hound1899

motherfucker1918

S.O.B.1918

twat1922

mong1926

mucker1929

basket1936

cowson1936

zombie1936

meatball1937

shower1943

chickenshit1945

mugger1945

motherferyer1946

hooer1952

morpion1954

mother1955

mother-raper1959

louser1960

effer1961

salaud1962

gunk1964

scunge1967

society > morality > moral evil > wickedness > [noun] > wicked person

warlockOE

shrewc1250

quedea1275

wick1297

felon1340

son of perditionc1384

nicec1400

pucka1450

sorrowc1450

improbe1484

wicked1484

naughtyc1580

stigmatic1597

thornback1599

stigmatist1607

naughta1639

dungeona1728

1599 T. Nashe Lenten Stuffe 66 To bee helde a flat thornebacke, or sharpe pricking dog-fish to the weale publique.

a. Short for thornback crab n. at Compounds.

ΚΠ

1891 in Cent. Dict.

b. Provincial name of the stickleback.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > order Gasterosteiformes (sticklebacks) > [noun] > family Gasterosteidae > member of (stickleback)

sticklinga1400

stitlingc1425

sticklebacka1475

shaftling1558

sharpling1558

stansticklea1637

hackle1655

pricklefish1668

prickling1668

jack sharp?1758

tittlebat1781

Jack Sharpnails1787

thorny-back1811

struttle1821

bandie1825

tinker1833

thornback1859

tiddler1885

1859 J. Richardson Yarrell's Hist. Brit. Fishes (ed. 3) II. 75 Rough-tailed Stickleback. Pinkeen..Thornback.

c1904 E. Smith MS. Coll. Warwicks. Words (E.D.D.) Thorn-back, a small fish with a strong back fin. It abounds in the Avon, but it is not the stickleback.

†3. An old maid. slang. Obsolete.The female young of the thornback is called maid (maid n.¹ 8), and maiden-skate (Scottish).

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > unmarried person(s) > unmarried woman > [noun] > elderly

old maid1530

old maiden1566

pussock1622

ape-leader1652

thornback1694

spinster1719

tabby1748

virgin1759

tea-bottle1909

1694 P. A. Motteux tr. F. Rabelais 5th Bk. Wks. iv Whether when they were Maids, or Thornbacks, in their Prime, or at their last Prayers.

1709 Brit. Apollo 23–25 Nov. Meeting with three Thornbacks.., I treated them.

1898 Daily News 14 Mar. 4/7 After 25, young ladies were called ‘thorn-backs’ by the much marrying Puritans of New England.

Compounds

thornback crab n. a species of spider-crab or sea-spider, Maia squinado, called also in U.S. king-crab.

† thornback dog n. Obsolete a kind of dogfish or shark of the genus Galeus.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > fish > subclass Elasmobranchii > order Pleurotremata > [noun] > family Scyliorhinidae > member of genus Galeus

thornback dog1668

black-mouthed dogfish1836

miller's dog1836

penny dog1836

miller-dog1848

blackmouth1851

dog1860

galeidan1868

galeid1889

tope1898

1668 Bp. J. Wilkins Ess. Real Char. ii. v. §3. 132 Thornback Dog, [Margin] Galeus spinax.

thornback ray n. = sense 1.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > fish > subclass Elasmobranchii > order Hypotremata > [noun] > family Rajidae > raia clavata (thornback)

thornbackc1300

maid1569

fork-fish1601

rock ray1611

maid-fish1665

thorn-but1668

thorny-back1811

roker1860

thornback ray1862

the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > seafood > [noun] > fish > skate

thornbackc1300

skatec1340

thorn-but1668

thorny-back1811

thornback ray1862

1862 J. Couch Hist. Fishes Brit. Islands I. 99 Thornback Ray, Ray-maid... This is one of the commonest of the Rays, and the most valued.

thornback skate n. (see quot.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > fish > subclass Elasmobranchii > order Hypotremata > [noun] > family Rajidae > miscellaneous types

miller1620

white horse1686

friar-skate1811

thornback skate1875

tobacco-box1877

blonde ray1925

rajiform1976

1875 Melbourne Spectator 28 Aug. 201/3 A thornback skate [Raia rostrata],..weighing 109 lbs., has been caught..at North Arm.

Derivatives

† ˈthornbackly adj. Obsolete of the nature of a thornback: cf. 1c above.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > inferior person > [adjective] > as abused

lousyc1386

greasya1529

mongrela1594

shake rotten1595

strummell-patch1600

thornbackly1605

toad-spotted1608

pissabed1643

shit-breeched1664

shit-breech1675

mole-catching1693

nine-eyed1694

poxya1758

cocksucking1872

bastard1877

motherfucking1890

son-of-a-bitching1902

so-and-so1929

mother-raping1932

zombie1937

chickenshit1940

pissy-arsed1940

bastarding1944

mother-loving1948

mothering1951

1605 Hist. Tryall Cheualry sig. I3^v The Thornbackly slaue.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	thornback
释义	thornbackn. Brit. /ˈθɔːnbak/, U.S. /ˈθɔrnˌbæk/ Forms: α. see thorn n. and back n.¹ β. Middle English thornbagge, 1600s thornbage, 1600s thornbagg. Origin: Formed within English, by compounding. Etymons: thorn n., back n.¹ Etymology: < thorn n. + back n.¹With sense 1 compare thorny-back n. at thorny adj. Compounds 2b. With the β. forms compare forms in -g at stickleback n. 1. a. The common ray or skate ( Raia clavata) of British seas, used as food, distinguished by having several rows of short sharp spines arranged along the back and tail. Also called †thorny-back (obsolete). ΘΚΠ the world > animals > fish > subclass Elasmobranchii > order Hypotremata > [noun] > family Rajidae > raia clavata (thornback) thornbackc1300 maid1569 fork-fish1601 rock ray1611 maid-fish1665 thorn-but1668 thorny-back1811 roker1860 thornback ray1862 the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > seafood > [noun] > fish > skate thornbackc1300 skatec1340 thorn-but1668 thorny-back1811 thornback ray1862 c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 759 Þe Butte, þe schulle, þe þornebake. c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 832. 1392 Earl Derby's Exp. (Camden) 155 Pro vj thornebakkes, iiij d. c1440 Anc. Cookery in Coll. Ordinances Royal Househ. (1790) 469 A codlynge or whitynge, or thornbagge, or hadok. 1594 T. Nashe Vnfortunate Traveller sig. D My blacke cloake..ouer-spreading my backe like a thornebacke. 1605 in J. Harland House & Farm Accts. Shuttleworths (1856) I. 170 One thornbage and fyve flokes vj^d. 1653 H. Cogan tr. F. M. Pinto Voy. & Adventures (1663) xxiv. 89 We saw Fishes in the Shape of Thornbacks, that were four fathoms about, and had a Muzzle like an Ox. 1859 J. Richardson Yarrell's Hist. Brit. Fishes (ed. 3) II. 582 The Thornback and its female the Maid. 1861 R. T. Hulme tr. C. H. Moquin-Tandon Elements Med. Zool. ii. iii. i. 106 The Thorn~back.., from the shores of the Mediterranean, is of a brown colour, spotted with white and black. The body attains a length of twelve feet. b. As the name of other species of ray: see quots. ΚΠ 1731 G. Medley tr. P. Kolb Present State Cape Good-Hope II. 202 The Cape-Thornback [Ger. Roch] is a broad flat fish from three quarters of an inch to an inch thick. 1898 E. E. Morris Austral Eng. Thornback, Name for one of the Stingrays, Raia lemprieri, Richards. †c. figurative. Opprobriously applied to a person. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > inferior person > [noun] > as abused warlockOE swinec1175 beastc1225 wolf's-fista1300 avetrolc1300 congeonc1300 dirtc1300 slimec1315 snipec1325 lurdanc1330 misbegetc1330 sorrowa1350 shrew1362 jordan1377 wirlingc1390 frog?a1400 warianglea1400 wretcha1400 horcop14.. turdc1400 callet1415 lotterela1450 paddock?a1475 souter1478 chuff?a1500 langbain?c1500 cockatrice1508 sow1508 spink1508 wilrone1508 rook?a1513 streaker?a1513 dirt-dauber?1518 marmoset1523 babiona1529 poll-hatcheta1529 bear-wolf1542 misbegotten1546 pig1546 excrement1561 mamzer1562 chuff-cat1563 varlet1566 toada1568 mandrake1568 spider1568 rat1571 bull-beef1573 mole-catcher1573 suppository1573 curtal1578 spider-catcher1579 mongrela1585 roita1585 stickdirta1585 dogfish1589 Poor John1589 dog's facec1590 tar-boxa1592 baboon1592 pot-hunter1592 venom1592 porcupine1594 lick-fingers1595 mouldychaps1595 tripe1595 conundrum1596 fat-guts1598 thornback1599 land-rat1600 midriff1600 stinkardc1600 Tartar1600 tumbril1601 lobster1602 pilcher1602 windfucker?1602 stinker1607 hog rubber1611 shad1612 splay-foot1612 tim1612 whit1612 verdugo1616 renegado1622 fish-facea1625 flea-trapa1625 hound's head1633 mulligrub1633 nightmare1633 toad's-guts1634 bitch-baby1638 shagamuffin1642 shit-breech1648 shitabed1653 snite1653 pissabed1672 bastard1675 swab1687 tar-barrel1695 runt1699 fat-face1740 shit-sack1769 vagabond1842 shick-shack1847 soor1848 b1851 stink-pot1854 molie1871 pig-dog1871 schweinhund1871 wind-sucker1880 fucker1893 cocksucker1894 wart1896 so-and-so1897 swine-hound1899 motherfucker1918 S.O.B.1918 twat1922 mong1926 mucker1929 basket1936 cowson1936 zombie1936 meatball1937 shower1943 chickenshit1945 mugger1945 motherferyer1946 hooer1952 morpion1954 mother1955 mother-raper1959 louser1960 effer1961 salaud1962 gunk1964 scunge1967 society > morality > moral evil > wickedness > [noun] > wicked person warlockOE shrewc1250 quedea1275 wick1297 felon1340 son of perditionc1384 nicec1400 pucka1450 sorrowc1450 improbe1484 wicked1484 naughtyc1580 stigmatic1597 thornback1599 stigmatist1607 naughta1639 dungeona1728 1599 T. Nashe Lenten Stuffe 66 To bee helde a flat thornebacke, or sharpe pricking dog-fish to the weale publique. 2. a. Short for thornback crab n. at Compounds. ΚΠ 1891 in Cent. Dict. b. Provincial name of the stickleback. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > order Gasterosteiformes (sticklebacks) > [noun] > family Gasterosteidae > member of (stickleback) sticklinga1400 stitlingc1425 sticklebacka1475 shaftling1558 sharpling1558 stansticklea1637 hackle1655 pricklefish1668 prickling1668 jack sharp?1758 tittlebat1781 Jack Sharpnails1787 thorny-back1811 struttle1821 bandie1825 tinker1833 thornback1859 tiddler1885 1859 J. Richardson Yarrell's Hist. Brit. Fishes (ed. 3) II. 75 Rough-tailed Stickleback. Pinkeen..Thornback. c1904 E. Smith MS. Coll. Warwicks. Words (E.D.D.) Thorn-back, a small fish with a strong back fin. It abounds in the Avon, but it is not the stickleback. †3. An old maid. slang. Obsolete.The female young of the thornback is called maid (maid n.¹ 8), and maiden-skate (Scottish). ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > unmarried person(s) > unmarried woman > [noun] > elderly old maid1530 old maiden1566 pussock1622 ape-leader1652 thornback1694 spinster1719 tabby1748 virgin1759 tea-bottle1909 1694 P. A. Motteux tr. F. Rabelais 5th Bk. Wks. iv Whether when they were Maids, or Thornbacks, in their Prime, or at their last Prayers. 1709 Brit. Apollo 23–25 Nov. Meeting with three Thornbacks.., I treated them. 1898 Daily News 14 Mar. 4/7 After 25, young ladies were called ‘thorn-backs’ by the much marrying Puritans of New England. Compounds thornback crab n. a species of spider-crab or sea-spider, Maia squinado, called also in U.S. king-crab. † thornback dog n. Obsolete a kind of dogfish or shark of the genus Galeus. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > fish > subclass Elasmobranchii > order Pleurotremata > [noun] > family Scyliorhinidae > member of genus Galeus thornback dog1668 black-mouthed dogfish1836 miller's dog1836 penny dog1836 miller-dog1848 blackmouth1851 dog1860 galeidan1868 galeid1889 tope1898 1668 Bp. J. Wilkins Ess. Real Char. ii. v. §3. 132 Thornback Dog, [Margin] Galeus spinax. thornback ray n. = sense 1. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > fish > subclass Elasmobranchii > order Hypotremata > [noun] > family Rajidae > raia clavata (thornback) thornbackc1300 maid1569 fork-fish1601 rock ray1611 maid-fish1665 thorn-but1668 thorny-back1811 roker1860 thornback ray1862 the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > seafood > [noun] > fish > skate thornbackc1300 skatec1340 thorn-but1668 thorny-back1811 thornback ray1862 1862 J. Couch Hist. Fishes Brit. Islands I. 99 Thornback Ray, Ray-maid... This is one of the commonest of the Rays, and the most valued. thornback skate n. (see quot.). ΘΚΠ the world > animals > fish > subclass Elasmobranchii > order Hypotremata > [noun] > family Rajidae > miscellaneous types miller1620 white horse1686 friar-skate1811 thornback skate1875 tobacco-box1877 blonde ray1925 rajiform1976 1875 Melbourne Spectator 28 Aug. 201/3 A thornback skate [Raia rostrata],..weighing 109 lbs., has been caught..at North Arm. Derivatives † ˈthornbackly adj. Obsolete of the nature of a thornback: cf. 1c above. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > inferior person > [adjective] > as abused lousyc1386 greasya1529 mongrela1594 shake rotten1595 strummell-patch1600 thornbackly1605 toad-spotted1608 pissabed1643 shit-breeched1664 shit-breech1675 mole-catching1693 nine-eyed1694 poxya1758 cocksucking1872 bastard1877 motherfucking1890 son-of-a-bitching1902 so-and-so1929 mother-raping1932 zombie1937 chickenshit1940 pissy-arsed1940 bastarding1944 mother-loving1948 mothering1951 1605 Hist. Tryall Cheualry sig. I3^v The Thornbackly slaue. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1300
随便看	northwest northwest discovery northwest passage northwester northwesterly northwestern northwestern gun northwestern states northwestern territory northwesterner northwesterners northwesternmost northwesters northwestest northwesting northwestmost northwests northwestward northwestwardly northwestwards north–south nortriptyline nortriptylines norvaline norwalk