英语词汇“thermodynamic potential”的英英意思、用法、释义、翻译、读音、例句、短语、词组-英语词典

b. More fully thermodynamic potential. Any of various thermodynamic functions mathematically analogous to electric and gravitational potentials, including Gibbs free energy, Helmholtz free energy, enthalpy, internal energy, and chemical potential. The Gibbs and the Helmholtz functions are given respectively by G = H − TS and A = U − TS, where H is the enthalpy, U the internal energy, T the temperature, and S the entropy of the system. The chemical potential μ_i of a component i in a given phase at a particular (constant) temperature and pressure is equal to ∂G/∂m_i, where m_i is the quantity of the component present in the phase and the quantities of all other components remain constant.

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potential1878

1878 J. W. Gibbs in Trans. Connecticut Acad. Arts & Sci. 3 119 If we call a quantity μ_x, as defined by such an equation as (12), the potential for the substance S_z in the homogeneous mass considered, these conditions may be expressed as follows:—The potential for each component substance must be constant throughout the whole mass.

1878 J. W. Gibbs in Trans. Connecticut Acad. Arts & Sci. 3 149 If to any homogeneous mass we suppose an infinitesimal quantity of any substance to be added, the mass remaining homogeneous and its entropy and volume remaining unchanged, the increase of the energy of the mass divided by the quantity of the substance added is the potential of that substance in the mass considered... In the above definition we may evidently substitute for entropy, volume, and energy, respectively, either temperature, volume, and the function ψ; or entropy, pressure, and the function χ; or temperature, pressure, and the function ζ.

1924 H. S. Taylor Treat. Physical Chem. I. ii. 67 The thermodynamic potential of all spontaneously occurring processes decreases.

1950 E. O. Hercus Elem. Thermodynamics & Statistical Mech. iv. 24 Two new thermodynamical quantities dependent only on the state of a system can be defined from the entropy. These are: Free Energy, F = U − TS. Thermodynamic Potential, G = H − TS = U + pv − TS.

1973 D. C. Kelly Thermodynamics & Statistical Physics viii. 147 The four thermodynamic potentials were invented to make thermodynamics ‘easy’. Each potential is the natural energy variable for certain classes of physical processes.

1998 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) A. 356 819 To study the equilibrium stability, the concept of thermodynamic potentials was first used, such as the Helmholtz free energy F, or other potentials.., according to the boundary conditions.

单词	thermodynamic potential
释义	> as lemmas thermodynamic potential b. More fully thermodynamic potential. Any of various thermodynamic functions mathematically analogous to electric and gravitational potentials, including Gibbs free energy, Helmholtz free energy, enthalpy, internal energy, and chemical potential. The Gibbs and the Helmholtz functions are given respectively by G = H − TS and A = U − TS, where H is the enthalpy, U the internal energy, T the temperature, and S the entropy of the system. The chemical potential μ_i of a component i in a given phase at a particular (constant) temperature and pressure is equal to ∂G/∂m_i, where m_i is the quantity of the component present in the phase and the quantities of all other components remain constant. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > mechanics > dynamics > thermodynamics > [noun] > group of functions potential1878 1878 J. W. Gibbs in Trans. Connecticut Acad. Arts & Sci. 3 119 If we call a quantity μ_x, as defined by such an equation as (12), the potential for the substance S_z in the homogeneous mass considered, these conditions may be expressed as follows:—The potential for each component substance must be constant throughout the whole mass. 1878 J. W. Gibbs in Trans. Connecticut Acad. Arts & Sci. 3 149 If to any homogeneous mass we suppose an infinitesimal quantity of any substance to be added, the mass remaining homogeneous and its entropy and volume remaining unchanged, the increase of the energy of the mass divided by the quantity of the substance added is the potential of that substance in the mass considered... In the above definition we may evidently substitute for entropy, volume, and energy, respectively, either temperature, volume, and the function ψ; or entropy, pressure, and the function χ; or temperature, pressure, and the function ζ. 1924 H. S. Taylor Treat. Physical Chem. I. ii. 67 The thermodynamic potential of all spontaneously occurring processes decreases. 1950 E. O. Hercus Elem. Thermodynamics & Statistical Mech. iv. 24 Two new thermodynamical quantities dependent only on the state of a system can be defined from the entropy. These are: Free Energy, F = U − TS. Thermodynamic Potential, G = H − TS = U + pv − TS. 1973 D. C. Kelly Thermodynamics & Statistical Physics viii. 147 The four thermodynamic potentials were invented to make thermodynamics ‘easy’. Each potential is the natural energy variable for certain classes of physical processes. 1998 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) A. 356 819 To study the equilibrium stability, the concept of thermodynamic potentials was first used, such as the Helmholtz free energy F, or other potentials.., according to the boundary conditions. extracted from potentialadj.n. < as lemmas
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