单词 | that is at say |
释义 | > as lemmasthat is at say a. that is to say (also which is to say, this is to say, †that is at say). [Compare Anglo-Norman and Old French, Middle French c'est a dire (12th cent.; French c'est à dire, c'est-à-dire).] extracted from sayv.1int. (a) Used to introduce a more explicit or intelligible restatement of a preceding expression, esp. to gloss one taken from a foreign language or a different variety of English. Later also used to introduce a plain, unvarnished statement of a fact which a preceding expression misrepresents or euphemistically veils. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > the quality of being specific > specifically [phrase] > namely or that is to say id esteOE that is to sayc1175 that is to wit1340 that is to witting1340 to say1547 to wit1577 to understand1579 c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 10085 He shollde itt hæwenn..att te treowwess rote, Þatt iss to seggenn..Rihht att tatt follkess ende. a1200 MS Trin. Cambr. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1873) 2nd Ser. 3 Aduent þat is seggen on englis ure louerd ihesu cristes tocume. a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 123 Ðet is to seggane: Gif þa hefdmen of þissere worlde hefden icnawen crist, nefden heo nefre ifestned hine on rode for ure hele. c1330 (?c1300) Speculum Guy (Auch.) (1898) 413 Þis is to seie, i telle þe: ‘Þe clene of herte, blessed þeih be’. a1425 Rule St. Benet (Lansd.) (1902) 15 (MED) Þat es hele of þa þat ere in sekenes, þat es at say in sinne. a1500 (?a1450) Gesta Romanorum (Harl. 7333) (1879) 172 Seing, thus, Quomodo fiet istud? this is to seye, how shulde this be I-done? 1566 T. Blundeville Order curing Horses Dis. xcv. f. 67v, in Fower Offices Horsemanshippe And also an other disease called Procidentia ani, that is to say the falling out of the fundament, which the Phisitians do accoumpt as seuerall diseases. 1604 E. Grimeston tr. J. de Acosta Nat. & Morall Hist. Indies v. xvii. 374 A lake..which they call Ezapangue, which is to say, water of blood. 1677 Duke of Lauderdale in O. Airy Lauderdale Papers (1885) III. lvii. 89 They pretend they cannot suppress these disorders, that is to say they will doe nothing towards it. 1742 J. Fraser Hist. Nadir Shah 126 Tokbîr is repeating three times these words,..Allah Akbar, which is to say, God is Greatest. 1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian in Tales of my Landlord 2nd Ser. I. iv. 50 Porteous has become liable to the pœna extra ordinem, or capital punishment; which is to say, in plain Scotch, the gallows. 1824 J. G. Gorton tr. Voltaire Philos. Dict. VI. 140 The laws of the Jews did not forbid oneiromancy, that is to say, the science of dreams. 1858 M. Oliphant Laird of Norlaw I. 309 It was a little room..what is called in these regions ‘coomcieled’, which is to say, the roof sloped on one side, being close under the leads. 1923 R. Kipling Irish Guards in Great War I. 58 The Irish ‘drummed up’, which is to say, stewed their tea or rations. 2009 New Yorker 10 Aug. 30/2 Seventeen of the accused were killed through ‘extra legal violence’—that is to say, lynched. (b) Introducing more detailed information or a specific example: to be specific; namely.Examples with which rather than that are rare before the 20th cent. ΚΠ a1325 Diuersa Cibaria in C. B. Hieatt & S. Butler Curye on Inglysch (1985) 51 (MED) When a mete is to muche isalt, þat is to suggen, potagee, to maken remedie in god stat, [etc.]. 1395 in F. J. Furnivall Fifty Earliest Eng. Wills (1882) 4 I bequethe to the same Thomas, the stoffe longyng therto, that is to seye, my beste fetherbed [etc.]. c1405 (c1387–95) G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 181 A fissh þt is waterlees That is to seyn, a Monk out of his Cloystre. 1539 Bible (Great) title The Byble in English; that is to saye, the Content of all the Holy Scripture. 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 130 Two Aldermen more.., that is to say, Arnold Thedmare, & Henry Walmode. 1645 Perfect Passages Proc. in Parl. No. 50. 397 The persons made incapable of any place or office towards the Law, that is to say, all Judges and Officers towards the Law (Common and Civill) who have deserted Parliament, and adhered to the Enemies thereof. 1687 A. Lovell tr. J. de Thévenot Trav. into Levant ii. 25 Three hours after, that's to say, about eleven a Clock. 1725 D. Defoe New Voy. round World ii. 88 A very handsome Table, covered with..a cold Treat, that is to say, Cold roasted Mutton and Beef. 1793 Astrologer's Mag. Sept. 69/1 The line of the liver sufficiently long, that is to say, extending to the middle of the natural line. 1864 J. Bryce Holy Rom. Empire iii. 31 Francia Occidentalis, that is to say, Neustria and Aquitaine. 1928 S. C. Herold Analyt. Princ. Production Oil, Gas, & Water i. 6 Their numerical values appear only in the form of comparative data; this is to say, the numerical values of the properties of oil, gas, and water are immaterial, except in the form of proportional values. 1966 H. Davies New London Spy (1967) 288 Synagogues, like shops, are at their most unwelcoming during their high season—which is to say, Rosh Hashana and Yom Kippur. 2009 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 3 Mar. d1/5 The spacecraft's mission will be to discover Earth-like planets in Earth-like places—that is to say, in the..zones around stars where liquid water can exist. < as lemmas |
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