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单词 thank
释义

thankn.

Brit. /θaŋk/, U.S. /θæŋk/
Forms: α. Old English–Middle English þanc, (Middle English ðhanc), Old English–Middle English þank, (Middle English Orm. þannk), Middle English thanc ( thang), Middle English þanke, Middle English–1500s thanck(e, Middle English–1600s thanke, (1500s thangke), Middle English– thank. β. Old English thonc, Old English–Middle English þonc, Middle English þeonk, Middle English–Middle English þonk, (Middle English þong), Middle English þonke, Middle English þoncke.
Etymology: Old English þanc , þǫnc = Old Frisian thonk , Old Saxon *thank (Middle Dutch danc , Dutch dank ), Old High German, Middle High German danc (German dank ), Old Norse þökk ( < þanku feminine), Swedish tack , Danish tak , Gothic þagks < Old Germanic *þankoz , < ablaut stem þenk : þank : þunk : see think v.2 The primary sense was therefore thought.
†1. = thought n. Obsolete. (See also i-thank n.)
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > thought > product of thinking, thought > [noun]
thank735
thoughtOE
i-thankc1000
cogitation?c1225
pensee1474
pensée1886
735 Bæda Death-song 2 Naenig uuiurthit thonc snotturra [or thoncsnotturra] than him thaarf sie.
OE Andreas (1932) 557 Saga, þances gleaw þegn, gif ðu cunne, hu ðæt gewurde be werum tweonum.
c1000 Ags. Ps. lxxxvii[i]. 11 Ne on ðeostrum ne mæg, þances gehygdum, ænig wislicu wundur oncnawan.
c1160 Hatton Gosp. Matt. xv. 19 Of þare heorte cumeð þa yfele þankes [c1000 geþancas].
c1175 Lamb. Hom. 3 Heo urnen on-ȝein him..mid ufele þeonke.
a1200 Moral Ode 90 He þurþsicheþ uches monnes þonc.
c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 9 We..folȝeð on þonke, and on speche, and on dede, þat him is iqueme.
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 165 [He] putte..aþullich þonc inhire heorte.
c1300 Prov. Hending i, in Sal. & Sat., etc. (1848) 270 Gode þonkes and monie þewes for te teche fele schrewes.
†2.
a. Favourable thought or feeling, good will; graciousness, grace, favour. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > kindness > [noun] > graciousness > favour or grace
thankOE
gracec1300
specialtyc1390
favourc1400
yonste1481
benediction1483
gratitude?a1513
aggrace1590
OE Genesis 796 Þis is landa betst, þæt wit þurh uncres hearran þanc habban moston.
c1000 Ags. Ps. ci. 15 [cii. 17] Oft he þearfendra bene þance gehyrde.
1340 Ave Maria in T. Wright & J. O. Halliwell Reliquiæ Antiquæ (1845) I. 42 Hayl Marie of thonke vol [Vulg. Luke i. 28 Ave! gratia plena].
1610 Bible (Douay) II. Ecclus. xii. 1 If thou wilt doe good, know to whom thou doest it, and there shal be much thanke [L. gratia multa] in thy good deedes.
†b. The genitive case thanks, Middle English thankes, lit. ‘of thought’, ‘of good will’, was used adverbially in sense ‘willingly, voluntarily’, esp. with preceding possessive pronoun, e.g. his thankes = with his consent, good will, or approval: so Godes thankes = Deo volente n. Cf. unthankes (unthank n.), unwillingly. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > will > wish or inclination > willingness > [adverb]
to goodeOE
thankc888
yernec888
lieflyc900
lovelyeOE
lustly971
willinglyOE
wilfullyc1000
with (also mid) heart and hand (also hands)OE
fainc1175
lustilya1225
lief1297
yfaȝea1300
blethelyc1300
goodlya1375
blelyc1380
willingc1384
bainc1400
acceptably1479
bainlya1500
cheerfully1523
towardly1523
desirously1531
pronely?1532
fainly1535
wilningly1597
bongre1598
libentiously1606
volently1614
propensely1648
easily1649
with (a) good grace1650
unreluctantly1655
with the best will (in the world)1814
unhesitatingly1829
unqualifyingly1841
unloathly1844
happily1889
the mind > language > speech > agreement > consent > [noun]
thankc888
consense?c1225
yating?c1225
assenta1330
consentc1380
condescentc1460
concurrency1596
condescendment1693
avow1697
consentingness1868
c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xiii Sæge me nu hwæðer se þin wela [þines] ðances swa diore seo, þe for his agenre gecynde.
1008 Charter of Bp. Theodred in Birch Cart. Sax. III. 209 Mines erfes þat ic begiten habbe & get bigete Godes þankes and hise halegen.
1066 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (MS. C.) Tostig..nam of þam butse karlon sume mid him, sume þances sume unþances.
1154 Anglo-Saxon Chron. ann. 1140 (Laud) Hi of Normandi wenden alle fra þe king.., sume here þankes & sume here un þankes.
c1175 Lamb. Hom. 17 Al swa þu waldest þet me dude þe þines þonkes.
a1250 Owl & Nightingale 70 Ek for þe þe sulue mose Hire þonkes wolde þe totose.
c1386 G. Chaucer Shipman's Tale 188 Pardee, I wol nat faille yow, my thankes.
c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) xxxi. 140 Þis ile dare na pilgrim come in ne nere it, þaire thankes.
a1450 J. Myrc Instr. to Par. Priests 891 Koghe þow not þenne þy þonkes.
†3. Kindly thought or feeling entertained towards any one for favour or services received; grateful thought, gratitude. Rarely in plural. Obsolete.The sense of ‘gratitude, kindly or loving feeling for favour or benefit’ must have been developed between that of ‘good will, good feeling’ generally, and that of ‘the expression of gratitude’. But the feeling passes so naturally into its expression that it is not easy to separate them in the quotations, except by the accompanying verbs: to express one's thanks, and the archaic to con thanks, ought to mean to express one's feelings of gratitude; but to give, offer, return or receive thanks, ought to mean to give or receive the expression of gratitude; so to have thanks, but this is less clear. In many instances it is impossible to say which is meant; some of the examples given here may belong to 4.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > [noun] > for something done
thank1297
prick and praise (also price, prise, prize)?a1534
kudos1831
1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 9379 Muche þonc were it vs of god mid him vorto fiȝte.
c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde iii. 1728 (1777) Þis encres of hardynesse and myght Com hym of loue, his ladyes thank to wynne.
c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 1380 Haue I þryuandely þonk þurȝ my craft serued?
c1420 Brut 343 Þanne þei..went hom ayen yn-to her owne cuntre, with grete loue & moche þanke.
a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 144 Or the gift deliverit be, The thank is frustrat and expyrd.
c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 12724 The lady..þonkit hym þroly with þonks in hir hert.
a1677 I. Barrow Serm. Several Occasions (1678) 265 It was a satyrical answer, (that of Aristotle,)..who being asked..What doth the soonest grow old? replied, χἀιρις, Thanks.
4. The expression of gratitude; the grateful acknowledgement of a benefit or favour.
†a. in singular. Obsolete. †Gode þank, God-thank [= Latin Deo gratias, French grâce à Dieu] , thanks (be) to God, thank God.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > gratitude > [noun]
thankc888
thankfulness1552
gratitude1565
gratefulnessa1586
gratuity1614
resent1664
sensibilities1753
appreciation1824
the mind > emotion > gratitude > [noun] > thanks
thankc888
thank1340
gracesc1350
regratiatory1443
gratesc1485
merciesc1500
remercy1542
regratulation1579
regracesc1613
thankfulness1647
remerciments1654
the mind > emotion > gratitude > [adverb] > thanking divine providence
God-thankc888
God be thanked1600
thank God1753
c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xxxv. §4 Þa gesceafta næren nanes þonces ne nanes weorðscipes wyrðe.
c897 K. Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care 2 Gode almiehtegum si ðonc ðætte we nu ænigne on stal habbað lareowa.
OE Beowulf 1778 Þæs sig Metode þanc, ecean Dryhtne, þæs ðe ic on aldre gebad.
OE Genesis 1116 Him þæs þanc sie!
c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 490/1 Thanke, grates, graciarum accio, gratulamen.
c1480 (a1400) St. Nicholas 324 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 490 Thang to al-mychtty god he ȝaulde.
1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 195/2 Thanke and glorye to god & honoure to the vyrgyne.
a1535 T. More Treat. Passion in Wks. (1557) 1271/1 Turning to god with lawde and thanke.
a1556 N. Udall Ralph Roister Doister (?1566) ii. ii. sig. C.iiij He will thank you woman. M. M. I will none of his thanke.
1642 D. Rogers Naaman 385 Is this the thanke which you returne to God?
c897 K. Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care 9 Gode ðonc.c897 K. Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care i. 27. c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 11 Unbileue..is aiware aleid and rihte leue arered godeðonc.1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 2578 Þe King was gode þonk aboue in four batailes.c1300 Havelok (Laud) (1868) 2005 Þus wolde þe theues me haue reft, But godþank, he hauenet sure keft.
b. in plural. †Formerly sometimes construed as singular.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > gratitude > [noun] > thanks
thankc888
thank1340
gracesc1350
regratiatory1443
gratesc1485
merciesc1500
remercy1542
regratulation1579
regracesc1613
thankfulness1647
remerciments1654
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 18 Me..him ne yeldeþ þonkes of his guodes, þet he ous heþ ydo.
1481 W. Caxton tr. Hist. Reynard Fox (1970) 10 All hath he but lytyl thanke.
1517 S. Hawes Pastime of Pleasure (new ed.) iv. 21 At whose encreace there is great thankes rendred.
1538 T. Elyot Dict. Grates, thankes.
1594 W. Shakespeare Titus Andronicus i. i. 215 Thanks to men Of Noble minds, is honourable meede. View more context for this quotation
1599 W. Shakespeare Romeo & Juliet ii. v. 23 Else is his thankes too much. View more context for this quotation
1651 T. Hobbes Leviathan ii. xxxi. 191 Prayers precede, and Thanks succeed the benefit.
1753 J. Hanway Hist. Acct. Brit. Trade Caspian Sea I. xvi. 107 Our soldiers were fed luxuriously at the fisheries, for nothing more than thanks.
1805 R. Fulton in Sinclair's Corr. (1831) II. 64 I return it to you with my sincere thanks.
1871 R. Ellis tr. Catullus Poems xlix. 4 Thanks superlative unto thee Catullus Renders.
1881 ‘Rita’ My Lady Coquette iii Yolande gives her a smile of thanks.
c. a thank (formerly also a thanks): an expression of gratitude; a thanking, a thank-you. Now rare. †to pick (get, win) a thank: see pick v.1 14a. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > gratitude > [noun] > thanks > an instance or expression of
a thankc1400
gramercyc1485
God-a-mercy1549
gratitude1660
thank you1792
mahalo1891
Q1925
asante sana1996
c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 1984 Vche mon þat he mette, he made hem a þonke For his seruyse.
1474 W. Caxton tr. Game & Playe of Chesse (1883) iii. vii. 139 To thende that they myght haue a thanke & be preysed.
1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries Pref. sig. Avv Verye manye of those wryters, seke to pike a thanke.
a1577 G. Gascoigne Posies in Wks. (1587) 119 While Pierce the plowman hopes to pick a thank.
1578 J. Lyly Euphues f. 12v Least I should seeme eyther to picke a thanke with men or a quarrel with women.
1600 P. Holland tr. Livy Rom. Hist. vi. xxvi. 235 I will not..pick my selfe a privat thanke for a publike benefit.
1602 B. Jonson Poetaster iv. vii. sig. I2 Without a thankes, to be sent hence. View more context for this quotation
1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Escornifler,..to pick a thanke or carry tales for victuals.
1627 R. Sanderson Ten Serm. 217 Doeg to picke a thanke with his Master,..told tales of Dauid and Ahimelech.
1678 R. L'Estrange tr. Seneca's Morals: Of Benefits xv. 123 He..Contents himself with a bare thank for a Requital.
a1810 R. Tannahill Poet. Wks. (1846) 67 With his lordship's thank.
1839 H. W. Longfellow Black Knight 47 The children drank, Gave many a courteous thank.

Phrases

P1.
a. thanks: a much abbreviated expression of gratitude for a favour received or recognition of a service; = I give you my thanks, my thanks to you, or the like. Also many thanks, best thanks.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > gratitude > thanks [interjection]
gramercyc1330
mercyc1390
thanks1598
kew1939
cheers1976
1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost v. ii. 551 If your Ladishyp would say thankes Pompey, I had done. Lady. Great thankes great Pompey. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) ii. i. 30 Macb. Good repose the while. Banq. Thankes Sir: the like to you! View more context for this quotation
1647 H. Peacham Worth of Peny 14 He answers you with Monosyllables,..Yes, No, That, Thankes, True, &c.
1803 S. Sheriffe Forest of Hohenelbe I. 167 Thanks, Baron, for your good wishes.
1803 W. Pitt in G. Rose Diaries (1860) II. 16 Many thanks for your letter.
1866 E. FitzGerald More Lett. (1901) 82 Don't you dislike the way some People have of saying perpetually ‘Thanks!’ instead of ‘Thank you’?.. It is like cutting Acknowledgment as short as possible... Thanks [is] about one of the most hideous monosyllables, even in the English Language.
1870 M. Bridgman Robert Lynne II. xiv. 299 ‘Would you like to read the letter, Robert?’ ‘No, thanks’.
b. With intensifying adverbs and phrases, as thanks awfully, ever so, a lot, a million (originally U.S.), very much, etc. Also used ironically.
ΚΠ
1890 A. Tuer Thenks Awf'lly! i. 11 He at once burst into conversation: ‘Thenks awf'lly! I nurly missed the trine.’
1911 D. H. Lawrence Let. 7 Nov. (1962) I. 84 Dear Garnett: Just got your letter—I am very glad with the Nation—thanks very much.
1914 ‘Saki’ Beasts & Super-beasts 217 If you lend me three pounds that ought to see me through comfortably. Thanks ever so.
1916 E. F. Benson David Blaize vii. 134 I couldn't possibly. But thanks, most awfully.
1921 R. Hichens Spirit of Time xii Very good of you. Thanks very much.
1936 Sat. Evening Post 12 Sept. 10/1 That was a swell lunch. Thanks a million.
1942 N. Balchin Darkness falls from Air xiv. 237 I gave him a pound and said, ‘Thanks a lot.’
1965 P. G. Wodehouse Galahad at Blandings i. 8 The ‘Oh, thanks awfully’ which betrayed the other's English origin.
1966 H. Nicholson Duckling in Capri xv. 194 ‘Spend it on Pam.’ ‘Shall I? Thanks a million.’
1967 Plays & Players Apr. 41/1 Trebor: Couldn't we go on an aeroplane, somewhere? Webster: No, we couldn't go on an aeroplane. Trebor: Thanks very much.
1972 J. Mann Mrs. Knox's Profession ii. 15 ‘Thanks ever so,’ he said, his voice an octave higher than usual.
1982 ‘J. Bell’ Innocent ii. 16 ‘You'll want a tray, love.’.. ‘Of course, thanks a lot.’
c.
thanks be phr. colloquial elliptical for ‘thanks be to God’, as an expression of relief or satisfaction.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > gratitude > thanks [interjection] > thanks to divine providence
thank Godc1330
God-a-mercya1500
God-a-thank1657
thank goodness1811
thank heaven1840
thank God for that1918
thanks be1924
T.G.1934
1924 D. Moore Fen's First Term ix. 97 Me 'arf dye, thanks be.
1942 C. Milburn Diary 7 Oct. (1979) 154 Hats are to be fewer—I seem to have many, thanks be!
1963 Times 4 Feb. 13/2 And thanks be, that aging design, the longer fitted jacket has not reappeared.
P2. thanks to: Thanks be given to, or are due to; hence, Owing to, as a result of, in consequence of. (Often ironical.) So no thanks (†thank) to, no credit to, not by virtue or merit of; not because or by reason of.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > causation > cause or reason > [adverb] > because of or by reason of
for (one's, a thing's) sake?c1225
for sake of1340
because1356
for the sake of1393
on (also upon) account of1625
thanks to1631
on the foot of1675
on the ground of1882
1631 Bp. J. Hall Occas. Medit. (ed. 2) (2nd state) §cxxxviii It is scarce any thanke to mee that hee prevailes.
1631 Earl of Manchester Contemplatio Mortis 75 It is no thankes to a man to pay that willingly, which hee must doe of necessity.
1647 J. Trapp Comm. Epist. & Rev. (Rev. iii. 4) No thank to the Pastour, who was a mercenary eye-servant.
a1687 W. Petty Polit. Arithm. (1691) vi. 99 No thanks to any Laws which have been made to that purpose.
1737 A. Pope Epist. of Horace ii. ii. 6 But (thanks to Homer) since I live and thrive, Indebted to no Prince or Peer alive.
1813 W. Scott Rokeby v. 214 It is a sight but rarely spied, Thanks to man's wrath and woman's pride.
1894 Westm. Gaz. 21 Aug. 3/3 The passengers—thanks, I expect, to the bitter cold—behaved more quietly at night than in the morning.
†P3. in (on) thank, to thank, with pleased mind, with pleasure or satisfaction; pleasantly, graciously; with thanks, gratefully. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > pleasure > [adverb]
lustly971
to thankOE
merryOE
lustilya1225
likinglya1387
pleasinglya1400
in (on) thankc1400
merrilyc1400
pleasantlya1425
listilyc1440
at pleasure1579
jolly1615
well-pleasedly1645
pleasedly1651
enjoyingly1835
welcomingly1884
the mind > emotion > gratitude > [adverb]
to thankOE
thankfullyc1000
in (on) thankc1400
grately1533
gratefully1548
thankly1605
OE Andreas (1932) 1112 Hie ða lac hraðe þegon to þance.
OE Genesis 2444 Hie on þanc curon æðelinges est.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 15047 Þou tak to thanc þat we þe mak Sli mensking als we mai.
c1400 Rom. Rose 4577 He seyde, ‘In thank I shal it take, And high maister eeke thee make’.
c1430 Syr Gener. (Roxb.) 9803 If I wist to thank ye wold it take, A mariage fayne wold I make.
c1480 (a1400) St. Thomas Apostle 12 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 129 Þat he in grete thank vil take, and als reward hym t[h]ankfully.
1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid vii. v. 153 I grant thine axing, Troiane messinger, And ȝour rewardis ressauis in thank.
Categories »
P4. to can, con, cun (great, little) thank(s, to acknowledge or express gratitude, to make known gratitude, to give thanks, to thank. Obsolete exc. dialect.See can v.1 Phrases 1, con v.1 1.
†P5. to have (or get) thank: to be thanked; also, to be thought worthy of thanks, to get the credit for, to have the merit or honour of (something); hence, contextually, thank = thanks due or merited, recompense, reward, credit, merit, and ironically discredit, blame. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > gratitude > [noun] > thanks due or merited
to have thankc950
the mind > emotion > gratitude > give thanks [verb (intransitive)] > be thanked
to have (or get) thankc950
the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > approval or sanction > commendation or praise > commend or praise [verb (intransitive)] > be praised
to have (or get) thankc950
to be or to have in laudationa1500
c950 Lindisf. Gosp. Luke xvii. 9 Ahne ðonc hafeð esne ðæm forðon dyde ða ðe him gehaten hæfde?
c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Luke (Corpus Cambr.) xvii. 9 Hæfð se þeowa ænigne þanc forþam ðe he dyde þæt [etc.]?
c1020 Rule St. Benet (Logeman) v. 25 He for swylcere dæde ænigne ne begitt þanc.
c1175 Lamb. Hom. 137 Þa ðe doð god for to habben ðer of aȝen in þisse liue, nabbeð heo nenne þonc on eche weorlde.
1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 9915 Þe wrecche luþer giwes..a riche presant..sende þis noble kinge, ac hor þonc was lute.
c1330 (?a1300) Sir Tristrem (1886) l. 2081 Maister, þank haue ȝe. For þou me þis bode brouȝt Mi robe ȝiue y þe.
c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women 452 For who so yeveth a yifte or dooth a grace, Do it by tyme, his thank ys wel the more.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 13841 Þar-for haf he neuer thank.
c1460 J. Fortescue Governance of Eng. (1885) vii. 125 Off somme man [h]is highnes shall haue more thanke ffor money then ffor lande.
1483 Cath. Angl. 381/2 A Thanke, meritum, emericio, emericium.
1533 J. Bellenden tr. Livy Hist. Rome (1901) I. ii. iv. 142 Thir twa lawis..war pronuncit allanerlie..be auctorite of þe said valerius (þat he mycht þarethrow haue þe thank þareof).
1539 Bible (Great) Luke vi. 32 Yf ye loue them which loue you, what thanke haue ye? [so 1611, 1881; Tindale, what thanke are ye worthy of? Rhem. what thanke is to you?].
1542 T. Elyot Bibliotheca Gratiam inire, to get thanke [1545 continues or frendes with some pleasure done vnto them].
1584 G. Whetstone Mirour for Magestrates f. 9 It is a work of more thank to preserue health, then to cure Sicknesse.
1600 T. Nashe Summers Last Will Introd. He..must be making himselfe a publike laughing stock, & haue no thanke for his labor.
1633 Bp. J. Hall Plaine Explic. Hard Texts ii. 4 The thanke of this, is Gods, and not yours.
1669 R. Montagu in Buccleuch MSS (Hist. MSS Comm.) (1899) I. 424 Lord Clarenden would have the thanks and credit of it.
P6. to give thanks (†thank, †to do thank(s), to express gratitude; spec. = ‘to give thanks to God’; now esp. of saying grace at a meal. archaic.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > gratitude > give thanks [verb (intransitive)]
thankc950
to give thanks (thank, to do thank(s)1477
render1484
say1490
surrender1542
to return thanks?1570
the mind > emotion > gratitude > thank [verb (transitive)]
thankc1200
grace?c1225
mercyc1390
yieldc1440
remercy1477
regracy1483
gratulatea1592
bethank1593
gratify1601
aggrate1633
to give thanks (thank, to do thank(s)1765
971 Blickl. Hom. 39 Don we..Drihtne þancas þe us þa wæstmas sealde.
971 Blickl. Hom. 191 Þanc ic do, Crist þu goda hyrde.
971 Blickl. Hom. 217 He..Ælmihtigum Gode þære gife þanc sæg de.
1477 Earl Rivers tr. Dictes or Sayengis Philosophhres (Caxton) (1877) lf. 1 To gyue therfore synguler louynges & thankes.
1526 Bible (Tyndale) Matt. xxvi. f. xxxviij Iesus toke breed, and gave thankes, brake it, and gave it to his disciples.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Taming of Shrew (1623) iv. i. 145 Will you giue thankes, sweete Kate, or else shall I? View more context for this quotation
1765 T. Hutchinson Hist. Colony Massachusets-Bay, 1628–91 (ed. 2) 262 The general court..gave them thanks for their good services.
1808–18 J. Jamieson Etymol. Dict. Sc. Lang. at Grace-drink After the giving of thanks at the end of a meal.
1831 W. Scott Count Robert ix, in Tales of my Landlord 4th Ser. I. 280 All gave me fair thanks for the knightly manner of quitting myself towards them, except one.
P7. to return thanks: to render thanks in return for a benefit or favour. Now chiefly used of the formal or public expression of thanks, or of grace at a meal.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > gratitude > give thanks [verb (intransitive)]
thankc950
to give thanks (thank, to do thank(s)1477
render1484
say1490
surrender1542
to return thanks?1570
?1570 E. Elviden Hist. Pesistratus & Catanea sig. H.vi For which a thousand thanks returnd, the seruant doth retire.
1590 R. Greene Neuer too Late i. 7 This Palmer..returning mee many thankes, voucht of my proffer, and was willing to take my house for his Inne.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) ii. ii. 51 And therefore tell her, I returne great thankes, And in submission will attend on her. View more context for this quotation
1653 Cloria & Narcissus 223 To return a dissembling thanks for the Princes favour.
1689 J. Ray in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eminent Literary Men (1843) (Camden) 196 I..returned you many thanks for the present of seeds.
1736 Gentleman's Mag. Aug. 435/1 To return his Majesty the Thanks of that House for his most gracious Speech from the Throne.
1780 in J. Nichols Lit. Anecd. (1815) IX. 263 The Lord Chancellor..returns him many thanks for a very agreeable morning's amusement.
1812 Weekly Reg. (Baltimore) 2 81/1 We return thanks to the Great Spirit for the many favors he has bestowed upon us.
1859 Harper's Mag. Feb. 360/1 She is delighted, returns him her thousand thanks.
1888 W. Allen Governor Chamberlain's Admin. in S. Carolina xxiii. 375 The speaking was actually opened by General Butler, who returned his thanks to his followers for their presence and their tribute to him.
1922 A. Jekyll Kitchen Ess. 110 George Sala was wont to tell of one who threw largesse in the face of the poor so rudely that it hurt them, and in their wrath they forbore to return thanks.
1967 B. Herndon Unlikeliest Hero iii. 64 He even returned thanks when he munched dog biscuits and washed them down with foul-tasting water.
2002 A. Woolrych Brit. in Revol. iii. xii. 381 The Lords immediately approved the Remonstrance and returned their thanks to Fairfax, but the Commons took no action on its main requests.

Compounds

C1. General attributive thank-offering n., thanksgiving n., etc.
a.
thank-receiver n.
ΚΠ
1786 W. Cowper Let. 31 Jan. (1981) II. 469 I will constitute you my Thank-receiver General for whatsoever gift I shall receive hereafter.
thanks-prayer n.
ΚΠ
1900 Month Feb. 133 Passages..which seem to have reference to this primitive Thanksprayer.
b.
† thank-picking adj. Obsolete
ΚΠ
1633 J. Ford Loves Sacrifice iv. sig. Iv Edg'd on by some thank-picking Parasite.
thanks-freighted adj.
C2.
† thank-render n. Obsolete a rendering of thanks, a thanksgiving.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > gratitude > [noun] > thanking or thanksgiving
thankingc893
thanksgiving1533
thank-render1548
gratulation1579
surrender1594
gratificationa1597
Eucharist1604
Eucharistic1623
1548 E. Gest Treat. againste Masse sig. Eiiv It is a forged worship and thankerendre.
Categories »
thanks-day n. Thanksgiving Day (U.S.).
thanksdoing n. = thanks-living n.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > gratitude > [noun] > conduct indicative of
thanksdoing1696
thanks-living1882
1696 W. Bates Serm. Psalm CXXX 123 Let our Thanksgiving be joined with Thanksdoing.
thanks-living n. after thanksgiving, action or conduct indicative of a thankful spirit.Apparently an isolated use.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > gratitude > [noun] > conduct indicative of
thanksdoing1696
thanks-living1882
1882 C. H. Spurgeon Treasury of David VI. Ps. cxix. 65 We lose ourselves in adoring thanksgiving, and find ourselves again in careful thanks-living.

Draft additions 1993

Also, thanks loads.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > gratitude > [noun] > thanks > many thanks
much thanks1604
thanks loads1920
1920 F. S. Fitzgerald in Smart Set July 15/2 Edith murmured a conventional ‘Thanks loads—cut in later,’ to the inconnu.
1944 S. Bellow Dangling Man 171 ‘Thanks,’ Mrs. Bartlett whispered loudly from the dark square inlet of the lower hall. ‘Thanks loads.’
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

thankv.

Brit. /θaŋk/, U.S. /θæŋk/
Forms: α. Old English–Middle English þancian, Middle English þankien, Middle English þanken, Middle English–1500s thanken, Middle English–1600s thanke, thanck, (Middle English þanc, thanc, Middle English þanky, thange), Middle English– thank. β. Old English ðoncian, Middle English þonkien, Middle English þonke(n, (Middle English þonki, Middle English þonkke), Middle English–1500s thonk, (Middle English–1500s thong).
Etymology: Old English þancian , þǫncian = Old Saxon thankôn (Middle Dutch, Dutch danken ), Old High German dankôn (Middle High German, German danken ), Old Norse þakka (Swedish tacka , Danish takke ) < Old Germanic *þank-ôjan , < *þankoz thank n.
†1. intransitive. To give thanks. Obsolete except as absol. of 3.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > gratitude > give thanks [verb (intransitive)]
thankc950
to give thanks (thank, to do thank(s)1477
render1484
say1490
surrender1542
to return thanks?1570
c950 Lindisf. Gosp. Matt. xxvi 27 genimmende calic ðoncunco dyde vel ðoncade & sealde him.
c975 Rushw. Gosp. Matt. xxvi 27 genom cælic þongade & salde heom.
c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) xxvi 27 He genam þone calic þanciende.
c1000 Ælfric Homilies II. 400 Drihten ðancode ærðan ðe he ða hlafas tobræce.
c1290 St. Brandan 595 in S. Eng. Leg. 236 Iudas þonkede reufolliche.
c1500 Melusine (1895) xxxvi. 247 ‘Fayre lordes’, said Geffray..‘that ought to be thanked for’ [indirect passive of ‘one ought to thank for that’].
†2. intransitive in particular constructions.
a. To give thanks to a person (originally with simple dative, at length treated as accusative: see 3). Obsolete.
ΚΠ
c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. v. §3 Ðonca nu Gode þæt he ðe gefultumade.
c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Luke (Corpus Cambr.) xvii. 16 He..feoll to his foten & him þancode.
OE Christ & Satan 532 Þanceden þeodne þæt hit þus gelomp þæt hi sceawodon scyppend engla.
c1175 Lamb. Hom. 153 Iþonked wurðe him [Let it be thanked to him].
a1450 Le Morte Arth. 1478 On knes Felle thay..And thankyd All to god.
1508 W. Dunbar Goldyn Targe (Chepman & Myllar) in Poems (1998) I. 187 Syne to dame Flora..Thay saluse and thay thank a thousand syse.
1542 N. Udall tr. Erasmus Apophthegmes f. 145 That persone, to whom onely..thou art bound to thanke.
†b. of (= on account of, for) a thing (originally gen.): see 2c. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
971 Blickl. Hom. 43 Ne sceal he..to lyt þancian heora ælmessan.
971 Blickl. Hom. 203 Hie..þancudan þæs siges ðe hie gefered hæfdon.
†c. (combining a and b) to a person (dative), of a thing (originally genitive), the dative (mostly a pronoun) passing into an accusative: the usual constr. in Old English and early Middle English; passing into 3b. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
OE Beowulf 1397 Se gomela, Gode þancode..þæs se man gespræc.
OE Genesis 257 He..sceolde his drihtne þancian þæs leanes.
c1000 Ælfric Lives Saints (1885) I. 104 Iulianus þa sona þæs þancode Gode.
c1175 Lamb. Hom. 39 Þet þu luuie þine drihten and him þonkien alles þinges.
c1200 Vices & Virtues 29 Þanke ðar-of ðine lauerde gode.
c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 197 Iob..þonkede him of þan wowe, alse dude ar of þe wele.
3.
a. transitive. To give thanks to; to express gratitude or obligation to. (Originally intransitive with dative: see 2a. By 1200 the dative was treated as accusative, and might be subject of the passive voice.) Sometimes const. that.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > gratitude > thank [verb (transitive)]
thankc1200
grace?c1225
mercyc1390
yieldc1440
remercy1477
regracy1483
gratulatea1592
bethank1593
gratify1601
aggrate1633
to give thanks (thank, to do thank(s)1765
c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 3 Þanked be ure louerd ihesu crist.
1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 1154 Vaire he þonkede is gode folc.
1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 9281 Ich þonke ȝou..Þat ȝe me so muche loue sseweþ.
1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. xii. 48 I..þankede hure a þousand syþes.
a1375 (c1350) William of Palerne (1867) l. 2794 Þat we so scaþli ar a-schaped god mowe [we] þonk.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 3321 Thancand god, til erth he fell.
c1420 Chron. Vilod. 461 Þey thongedone god and mournedone no more.
c1600 Wriothesley's Chron. Eng. (1875) I. 67 The maior and aldermen riding about the cittie thancking the people.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Merry Wives of Windsor (1623) i. i. 263 I had rather walke here (I thanke you). View more context for this quotation
1648 in S. R. Gardiner Hamilton Papers (1880) 250 Powley is returned from London. He brings a most sleevles letter..which signifyes nothing... Judge if I thanked him.
a1796 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) II. 820 We hae meat and we can eat, Sae let the Lord be thankit.
1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian xii, in Tales of my Landlord 2nd Ser. III. 310 That he has subjects in Scotland, I think he may thank God and his sword.
1841 E. W. Lane tr. Thousand & One Nights I. 114 The young prince kissed his hand and thanked him.
1906 Outlook 18 Sept. 346 He who solicits a favour by letter not infrequently concludes with the phrase, ‘thanking you in anticipation’, which came into vogue some ten years ago.
†b. Const. of a thing. Obsolete.The continuation of 2c; usual in Middle English.
ΚΠ
c1175 Lamb. Hom. 7 Ȝif we þonkiet ure drihten alles þinges þe he us sent.
c1230 Hali Meid. 19 To þonki godd of his grace & of his goddede.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 5304 Knele i sal be for þe king, And thank him of his grett mensking.
c1412 T. Hoccleve De Regimine Principum 1062 God thanke alwey of thyne ese and of thyne smert.
c1480 (a1400) St. John Evangelist 644 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 128 He..bad I suld..thange ȝou of ȝore gud vyl.
c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) lxi. 212 I thanke you of your courtesye.
1548 Hall's Vnion: Edward IV f. ccxxxviv The Frenche kyng..thanked, the kyng of Englande, of his kynde offre.
c. Const. for a thing: now usual.
ΚΠ
a1591 H. Smith Serm. (1637) 133 He is not thankfull before God, which thanks him only for his benefits.
1653 H. Holcroft tr. Procopius Persian Wars i. 11 in tr. Procopius Hist. Warres Justinian He thanckt the man much for his good will.
1715 D. Defoe Family Instructor I. i. i. 8 How must I thank him for it..?
1764 O. Goldsmith Traveller 5 And thanks his Gods for all the good they gave.
1910 W. H. Hudson Introd. Study Lit. Pref. 6 I have to thank my friend..for the invaluable assistance which..he has again rendered me.
d. figurative. To make a return to a person in evidence of obligation or gratitude. (In quot. 1821 ironical.)
ΚΠ
1821 W. Scott Kenilworth III. i. 12 I were like to be thanked with a horse-whip.
e. In the future tense, used to express a request: I will thank you to do so-and-so. Now usually ironic, implying a rebuke or command.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > request > request or ask for [verb (transitive)]
yearnOE
bid971
seek971
askOE
beseechc1175
banc1275
yerec1275
cravec1300
desirec1330
impetrec1374
praya1382
nurnc1400
pleadc1400
require1400
fraynec1430
proke1440
requisitea1475
wishc1515
supply1546
request1549
implore?c1550
to speak for ——1560
entreat1565
impetratec1565
obtest?1577
solicit1595
invoke1617
mendicate1618
petition1621
imprecate1636
conjurea1704
speer1724
canvass1768
kick1792
I will thank you to do so-and-so1813
quest1897
to hit a person up for1917
the mind > language > speech > request > [phrase] > other expressions
an (also as) you (or thou, etc.) love mea1616
I will thank you to do so-and-so1813
the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > rebuke or reproof > rebukes [phrase] > terms used in
my dear sir1768
I will thank you to do so-and-so1813
society > authority > command > command or bidding > in command [phrase] > ironic command
I will thank you to do so-and-so1852
1813 I. Pocock Miller & his Men i. iii. 9 Cockatrice!—I'll thank you for that portmanteau.
1843 W. M. Thackeray Ravenswing vi, in Fraser's Mag. Aug. 198/1 The page..instantly thanked her to pay his wages.
1852 W. M. Thackeray Henry Esmond III. v. 139 I want to speak with your employer, Mr. Leach. I'll thank ye go fetch him.
1907 G. C. Whitworth Indian Eng. xii. 248 The offence is much mitigated if..the word is followed by ‘if’ instead of the usual infinitive, as ‘I'll thank you to be quiet.’
a1912 Mod. I will thank you to hand me my field-glass. I will thank you for a glass of water.
1930 J. B. Priestley Angel Pavement i. 12 Just say to 'er: ‘Mrs. Cross 'as seen the note left.., and..Mrs. Cross'll thank her to keep 'er notes to 'erself in future till they're asked for.’ Just you tell 'er that, boy.
1940 H. G. Wells Babes in Darkling Wood ii. ii. 160 No decent people are going to bother about it, Mother. And they will thank you not to be bothered about it.
1975 ‘D. Jordan’ Black Acct. ii. xx. 110 I'm here to sell tractors and I'll thank you to remember it.
f. to thank one for nothing: esp. in (I) thank you for nothing, an ironical expression indicating that the speaker thinks he has got or been offered nothing worth thanks.
ΚΠ
1703 Moxon's Mech. Exercises (new ed.) 60 But perhaps these Pretenders mean the Iron or Steel shall be as soft as Lead, when the Iron or Steel is red-hot; if so, we may thank them for nothing.
1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 391. ¶3 Jupiter thanked him for nothing.
1754 S. Foote Knights i. 13 Part with Favourite! No, I thank you for nothing.
1847 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair (1848) xxiv. 200 It's you who want to introduce beggars into my family? Thank you for nothing, Captain.
1908 A. Bennett Old Wives' Tale iv. v. 559 ‘Thank you for nothing!’ said Dick. ‘I don't want it.’
1940 W. S. Churchill Second World War (1949) I. ii. xxxiv. 548 Sweden will say ‘Thank you for nothing’ about any offers on our part to defend the Gällivare ironfield.
1975 ‘R. Player’ Let's talk of Graves v. 202 I'm not respectable. The Judge has just told everybody that—thank ye' for nothing, my Lord.
g. Ejaculatory phrases, as thank God ( †I thank God (obsolete), God be thanked, etc.), thank goodness, thank heaven. Also thank God for that (now frequently in weakened use); thank God hold (Mountaineering): an easy hold at the top of a difficult climb. See also god n. and int. Phrases 1a(b) to thank one's (or the) stars, to congratulate oneself on one's good fortune: see star n.1
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > pleasure > state of being consoled or relieved > expressing relief [interjection]
thank goodnessc1330
T.G.1934
thank fuck1973
the mind > emotion > gratitude > thanks [interjection] > thanks to divine providence
thank Godc1330
God-a-mercya1500
God-a-thank1657
thank goodness1811
thank heaven1840
thank God for that1918
thanks be1924
T.G.1934
the mind > emotion > gratitude > give thanks [verb (intransitive)] > for one's good fortune
to thank one's (or the) stars1600
the mind > emotion > pleasure > joy, gladness, or delight > rejoicing or exultation > rejoice or exult [verb (intransitive)] > congratulate oneself
to thank one's (or the) stars1600
society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > mountaineering or climbing > [noun] > hold
footholea1589
fingerhold1720
handhold1726
side hold1829
toe-hole1876
push hold1904
side pull1920
under-hold1920
pressure hold1941
hand jam1948
thank God hold1955
undergrip1955
jug1957
chickenhead1961
crimp1994
c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 134 Þanked be God of heuen.
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 196 God be yhered and y-þonked.
1426 in J. Raine Testamenta Eboracensia (1836) I. 76 I..in gud mynd, thanket be God.
1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) xxiv. 530 Hole & sounde, thanked be god!
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 754/2 I am one of them, God be thanked!
1600 W. Shakespeare Much Ado about Nothing iii. v. 13 Yes I thank God, I am as honest as any man liuing, that is an old man, and no honester then I. View more context for this quotation
1631 B. Jonson Bartholmew Fayre Induct. sig. A4v in Wks. II Yet I kept the Stage in Master Tarletons time, I thanke my starres.
1730 H. Fielding Temple Beau iv. iii. 49 Sir Harry, you may thank your Stars that conducted you to me.
1796 F. Burney Camilla III. v. vii. 99 Now..I have not the gift of writing, at which, thank God, I have left off repining.
1811 L.-M. Hawkins Countess & Gertrude III. lix. 283 I was all that, thank goodness, as I always say, last grass.
1834 T. Hawkins Mem. Ichthyosauri 42 But I should..thank the stars and the Cholera that it was no worse.
1840 W. M. Thackeray Shabby Genteel Story ii I am here, thank Heaven, quite alone.
1872 Punch 11 May 199/1 Thank goodness we have a House of Lords.
1918 A. P. McKishnie Willow xxi. 303 His world was at rest, once more. Thank God for that!
1949 G. Davenport Family Fortunes iii. ii. 222 ‘Thank God for that,’ he said.
1955 S. Styles Introd. Mountaineering xi. 127 The term thank-god hold, which has become part of British climbing jargon, originated on the third ascent of the slab on Route II, Lliwedd East Buttress, when as each climber got his hand over the good knob at the top he expressed his heartfelt gratitude in the same two words.
1978 P. Gillman Fitness on Foot v. 67 A sense of relief on reaching the top of a difficult climb to discover enormous holds to finish on. These are known as ‘thank God’ holds.
1978 I. B. Singer Shosha i. 16 Thank God, I found friends among members of the Writer's Club.
h. In negative conditional contexts as an ironical understatement, as he would not thank you for doing it, he would be displeased if you did it. Cf. thank you phr. 3.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > suffering > displeasure > be displeased with [verb (transitive)]
mislikea1225
displease1377
to take agrief?a1400
to take in grievinga1400
to like illc1425
to take grief witha1556
mind1562
disconceit1625
to take heinously1632
mistake1725
lump1833
thank1874
1740 S. Richardson Pamela I. xxiv. 65 Now I did not thank her for this, as I told her afterwards (for it brought a great deal of Trouble upon me).]
1874 A. Trollope Phineas Redux I. iv. 32 His party would not thank him for ventilating a measure which..might well be postponed.
1896 R. Kipling Seven Seas 148 The things I knew was proper you wouldn't thank me to give. And the things I knew was rotten you said was the way to live.
1970 ‘A. Gilbert’ Death wears Mask i. 19 Miss Alice wouldn't thank you for tying her into a chair.
1983 M. Hinxman Corpse now Arriving ii. 14 He was probably in the middle of some world-shattering story and wouldn't thank her for the interruption.
†4.
a. With dative of person (indirect object) and accusative of thing (direct object): = 3b or 3c. Obsolete. (Cf. tell v. 3b(b).)
ΚΠ
c1175 Lamb. Hom. 5 We ahte to..þonkien hit ure drihten þe hit us lende.
1362 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. vii. 17 We haue no lymes to labore with; vr lord we hit þonken.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 16219 Herod thankes þe þi sand.
1572 (a1500) Taill of Rauf Coilȝear (1882) 273 Mair the King spak nocht, Bot thankit thame thair deid.
b. With the thing as sole object: To return thanks for, express one's gratitude for; to repay. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > gratitude > thank [verb (transitive)] > make grateful return for
yield971
apay1484
thanka1500
repay1587
retaliate1611
retally1639
the world > action or operation > behaviour > reciprocal treatment or return of an action > reward or a reward > reward or recompense [verb (transitive)] > specifically a service or good deed
quita1375
deservec1385
reward?a1425
requitec1440
thanka1500
remunerate1523
reacquite1534
gratulate1612
a1500 (a1475) G. Ashby Dicta Philosophorum l. 925 in Poems (1899) 84 A goode man thanketh euery benefete, After the yeuers possibilite.
1819 Ld. Byron Mazeppa xx. 868 Charles forgot To thank his tale.
1819 Ld. Byron Don Juan: Canto I cxii. 59 His young lip thank'd it with a grateful kiss.
1867 W. Morris Life & Death of Jason xv. 268 And I am well aweary of it now, And of my toil, thanked with hard word and blow.
5. To give the thanks or credit for something to; to consider or hold responsible; esp. in ironical use, = to blame.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > causation > attribution or assignment of cause > assign to a cause [verb (transitive)] > attribute something to someone > put upon or ascribe to someone
fastOE
lay13..
fastenc1390
redound1477
impinge1535
thank1560
stick1607
patronize1626
fix1665
the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disapproval > blame > [verb (transitive)]
accuseOE
witea1000
blamec1200
lastc1225
awreakc1275
friec1300
lack1340
impugn1377
aretc1386
default1489
remord1522
culpate1548
tax1548
finger-point1563
witen1589
attask1608
refounda1653
thank1667
bumble1675
to take to task1682
twitter1749
1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. clxxxix Him that brought hym vp, and whome both he and his father may thanke for all theyr good fortune.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost x. 736 Who..but..will curse My Head,..For this we may thank Adam; but his thanks Shall be the execration. View more context for this quotation
1794 A. Radcliffe Myst. of Udolpho III. vi. 177 She might thank herself for what happened.
1885 Law Rep.: Queen's Bench Div. 14 817 If..any mistake was made by the sheriff, the defendant had only himself to thank for it.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1912; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
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