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单词 their
释义

theiradj.pron.

Brit. /ðɛː/, /ðə/, U.S. /ðɛr/, /ðər/
Forms:

α. early Middle English þeȝȝre ( Ormulum), Middle English þair, Middle English þaire, Middle English þayir, Middle English þayr, Middle English þayre, Middle English þeier, Middle English þeir, Middle English þeire, Middle English þeyr, Middle English þeyre, Middle English thairee, Middle English thayer, Middle English thayere, Middle English thayrȝ, Middle English yaier, Middle English yaiere, Middle English yair, Middle English yaire, Middle English yayr, Middle English yayre, Middle English yeir, Middle English yeire, Middle English yeyr, Middle English yeyre, Middle English–1500s thayr, Middle English–1500s thayre, Middle English–1500s theyer, Middle English–1600s thaire, Middle English–1600s theyre, Middle English–1600s thier, Middle English–1600s thiere, Middle English–1600s (1700s– regional and nonstandard) thair, Middle English–1600s (1900s– Welsh English) theyr, Middle English–1700s theire, Middle English– their; Scottish pre-1700 thaire, pre-1700 thayire, pre-1700 thayr, pre-1700 thayre, pre-1700 theyr, pre-1700 yair, pre-1700 yaire, pre-1700 yayre, pre-1700 1700s theire, pre-1700 1700s– thair, pre-1700 1700s– their. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) Ded. l. 84 All þurrh þeȝȝre sinne.c1250 Body & Soul (Trin. Cambr.) in K. Reichl Relig. Dichtung im Eng. Hochmittelalter (1973) 348 Wrmes hauet lange halden þaire [?a1300 Digby here] domes faste.a1300 in C. Brown Eng. Lyrics 13th Cent. (1932) 124 Þe warlais þai wil be her fort[o] take þair pray.c1300 Evangelie (Dulwich Coll.) 429 in Publ. Mod. Lang. Assoc. Amer. (1915) 30 574 Godis folc þou schalt gete, Ant þeim teche yeire [printed þeire] sinnis bete.a1325 (c1300) Chron. P. de Langtoft (Cambr.) (1839) 295 The fote folke Puth the Scotes in the polke, and nakned their nages.c1330 (?a1300) Arthour & Merlin (Auch.) (1973) 7847 Þa riden wel sarreliche, Þair gilt pensel wiþ þe winde Mirie ratled.a1400 (c1303) R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne (Harl.) l. 874 Þarefore þat day al holy cherche Þeyr seruyse of here [sc. the Virgin Mary] þey werche.1414 Rolls of Parl.: Henry V (Electronic ed.) Parl. Apr. 1414 §22. m. 3 Wharby they shuld be bounde withoute their assent.1421 in Archæol. Jrnl. (1850) 7 57 John And Rob't schall gett lymstane..atte yair own most ease. ▸ a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll. 13) (1990) I. 325 All they felle uppon their kneis.1522 in W. Jerdan Rutland Papers (1842) 84 To putt all thier stuf of householde in euery office.a1538 T. Starkey Dial. Pole & Lupset (1989) 81 To tempur & refrayne thayr malyce.1549 Baxter-bks. St. Andrews (1903) 5 Thomas mortowne To be yair Decane.1620 Sir R. Naunton in S. R. Gardiner Fortescue Papers (1871) 139 Theyr general aunswer to his Majesties commandement.a1642 H. Best Farming & Memorandum Bks. (1984) 132 Holes of that bignesse that one may thrust in theire neafe.1709 in W. Fraser Earls of Cromartie (1876) II. 170 They have some friends on the beach that will do theire outmost to catch a proper opportunitie.1769 J. Bartram Let. 12 Aug. in Corr. (1992) 715 Thay will soon spread with thair ruchy creeping roots.1812 Scotchman No. 1. 6 Its baith queer an divertin to see a wheen wee crowlies o four year auld pouteran among the saun wi thair bits o fingers.1857 H. S. Riddell Book of Psalms in Lowland Scotch lviii. 6 Brik thair teeth, O God, in thair mooth.1930 W. M. Mann Wild Animals in & out of Zoo xxi. 262 There is no reason why they should not live their full span of life in the zoo.1985 D. Purves MacCodrum o Selkies (SCOTS) Thay buid pit on thair selkie skins again an slip back intil the sea.2001 M. Jenkins Coulda bin Summin 26 I stare at theyr orsey bums.

β. early Middle English teȝȝre ( Ormulum), Middle English tair (northern), Middle English taire (northern), Middle English tar (northern), 1800s– deir (regional), 1800s– dere (regional); English regional 1800s teear (Lancashire), 1800s teer (Lancashire), 1800s– dere (south-eastern); Scottish (Orkney and Shetland) 1800s dyr, 1800s– der, 1900s– dir. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 3932 Þatt teȝȝre genge shollde ben Þurrh hallȝhe sawles. ekedd.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Coll. Phys.) 19915 Wiþ him gestnid þai þat niȝte, Apon þe morne went tair wai.a1425 Rule St. Benet (Lansd.) (1902) 4 Þanane byhouis þam feȝte þam ane, at god es tar best help.a1425 Rule St. Benet (Lansd.) (1902) 25 Nan may haue þair ahen body at hys wylle ne at tair pouste.?1802 ‘Tim Bobbin the 2nd’ Plebeian Politics 33 I'll let tey see, ot teear humanity keeps pase weh the'r soshal ordthur.1860 J. P. Kay-Shuttleworth Scarsdale II. 36 An' t'kine drop teer cauves.1899 C. W. Chesnutt Conjure Woman 19 Some..had gone out wid dere guns en dere dogs.1929 in A. W. Johnston & A. Johnston Old-lore Misc. IX. ii. 76 Hid wad a' been mair fare for dem, body an' sowl, gin dey hed been sayan deir bonnie wirds an' gan till deir beds.1994 L. Johnson in J. Robertson Tongue in yer Heid 167 Dey bed wi der graandmidder.

γ. Middle English ȝare (northern), Middle English ȝor (East Anglian), Middle English þar, Middle English þare, Middle English þeer, Middle English þer, Middle English þere, Middle English thor (south-west midlands), Middle English thyr, Middle English þir, Middle English þire, Middle English yar, Middle English yare, Middle English yer, Middle English yere, Middle English yerre, Middle English yhar, Middle English yore (north-east midlands), Middle English yur (northern), Middle English 1600s thire, Middle English 1600s (1700s North American) thar, Middle English 1700s theere, Middle English–1600s theer, Middle English–1600s (1700s– regional and nonstandard) ther, Middle English–1700s thare, Middle English–1700s (1900s– nonstandard) there, 1600s theare, 1600s thir; English regional 1700s– ther, 1700s– thor (Northumberland), 1800s the'r, 1800s the're, 1800s thur (Lancashire), 1800s– thar, 1800s– thear (Surrey), 1800s– theer, 1800s– thir (Lincolnshire), 1900s– tha-er (Hertfordshire); U.S. regional 1800s thare, 1800s– thar; Scottish pre-1700 þare, pre-1700 thaer, pre-1700 thar, pre-1700 thare, pre-1700 theare, pre-1700 theer, pre-1700 theere, pre-1700 ther, pre-1700 there, pre-1700 thire, pre-1700 yar, pre-1700 yare, pre-1700 1700s– thir, 1900s– thur, 2000s– thiir; also Irish English 1700s tha'r (Wexford), 1800s– thir (northern). a1300 in C. Brown Eng. Lyrics 13th Cent. (1932) 125 Þe warlais þai wil be her fort[o] take þair pray. To take þar pray, alse hi her say, þai er redi boyt nite and day.c1300 Evangelie (Dulwich Coll.) 44 in Publ. Mod. Lang. Assoc. Amer. (1915) 30 547 Men þem scholde..wis to be in al þere [c1425 Bodl. her] dede.c1300 (?c1225) King Horn (Laud) (1901) 1291 Ofte he sworen hoþes holde Þat þere non ne scholde No ware horn by wreyen.c1330 (?a1300) Arthour & Merlin (Auch.) (1973) 1962 To þe prince þai teld þer siȝt.c1350 in C. Brown Relig. Lyrics 14th Cent. (1924) 57 Þar dering alle we fle þer-fro.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 476 Þat sithen yar [printed þar; Fairf. þaire, Gött. þair, Trin. Cambr. her] sted was neuer sene.1421–2 in L. F. Salzman Building in Eng. (1952) 499 And ilkan of yaim ilka ȝere a gounne acordande to ȝare degree.1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) iii. 206 Yai come weill till yar entent.a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. ix. 88 I shall fownd to crak thare crowne.?a1525 (?a1475) Play Sacrament 52 In contrycyon thyr hertys wer cast, And went and shewyd ther lyues to a confesour.1526 Bible (Tyndale) Matt. vi. f. vij Vereley I saye vnto you, they have there rewarde.1598 W. Phillip tr. J. H. van Linschoten Disc. Voy. E. & W. Indies i. lvi. 101/1 They put some of theer Cocus milk into it.1663 King Charles II in J. M. Cartwright Madame (1894) 139 They will shew there affections to me.1671 J. Milton Paradise Regain'd ii. 235 He ceas'd, and heard thir grant in loud acclaim.1757 R. Griffith & E. Griffith Lett. Henry & Frances I. xlv. 74 Rogueries..which, they thought, brought a Disgrace on there Bruteships.1778 I. Putnam Let. 2 Sept. in G. Washington Papers (2006) Revolutionary War Ser. 16 490 It must Disconsart thar plans.1790 A. Wheeler Westmorland Dial. 29 She had peyled ther feaces black an blue.c1866 T. Brierley in J. Harland Lanc. Lyrics 246 Help folk wi' thur sledges along.1879 G. F. Jackson Shropshire Word-bk. 141 That theer bull's bin 'ilin the dur o' 'is place, an' bruk the fas'ness.1921 C. Greer-Petrie Angeline Steppin' 31 If he would jest go to the trouble of cutting his mark in thar years.1991 T. S. Law in T. Hubbard New Makars 33 An colliers' pieces, lyke thur myns were juist made-up in aa thur kyns.2000 N. Griffiths Grits (2001) 474 Ee used ta glass people, give em Stanley facials, break ther legs wiv iron bars.

δ. Scottish (northern and north-eastern) 1900s– eir, 1900s– 'eir. 1909 D. Houston 'E Silkie Man 3 'Ey've a' geen in 'eir accoont.1955 W. P. Milne Eppie Elrick xix. 173 Gin 'ey'd thraan 'eir cweet on a knap o' a steen.1993 in Sc. National Dict. New Suppl. (Electronic text) at Shak [Aberdeenshire] He wis eir tenth bairn, gey smaa, jist e shakins o e pyokie.2005 A. Fenton Buchan Words & Ways i. 17 Maist o em are lyin ere chaain eir cweed, e byre's jist a richt peacefae place.

Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian.
Etymology: < early Scandinavian (compare Old Icelandic þeira , þeirra , Old Norwegian þeira , þeirra , þæira , þæirra , Old Swedish þēra , þērra , þærra , Old Danish therra , theræ , therræ , Old Gutnish þaira ), reflecting the genitive form corresponding to the (originally demonstrative) forms cited at they pron., adj., adv., and n. It is likely that all of the forms illustrated at this entry ultimately result from borrowing from early Scandinavian; however, different explanations have been suggested for the γ. forms: see further discussion below. On the likely motivation for borrowing of early Scandinavian forms for the third person plural personal pronoun see discussion at they pron., adj., adv., and n. See also discussion at that entry on the general spread of the nominative forms in advance of the objective or genitive forms.Form history. The γ. forms probably developed from the α. forms. These spelling types probably reflect reduced forms or (in some instances) monophthongized forms. It has alternatively been suggested that these forms may wholly or partly show developments from Old English þǣra or þāra , genitive plural of the demonstrative pronoun se (see the adj., pron.2, and n.1). However, evidence for use of the demonstrative pronoun in Old English in functions overlapping with those of the third person plural personal pronoun is very limited. In this context, attention has been drawn to the following instances of the late Old English form þeora in the Peterborough Chron.:lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) anno 449 Her Martianus & Ualentinus onfengon rice..; & on þeora dagum [eOE Parker on hiera dagum] gelaðode Wyrtgeorn Angelcin hider, & hi þa coman on þrim ceolum hider to Brytene.lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) anno 1086 Ðas þing we habbað..gewritene.., þet þa godan men niman æfter þeora godnesse.These instances almost certainly show the genitive plural of the demonstrative, rather than earlier examples of the present word. The choice of the demonstrative in these two instances is probably deliberate, to help disambiguate complex sentences. With the spelling eo compare occasional seo for nominative singular masculine sē and similar pronominal forms in this manuscript; it is unnecessary to assume any connection with the genitive plural form of the personal pronoun heora (see her pron.1 and adj.1). The δ. forms reflect loss of initial th- in low-stress positions (e.g. in pronouns, the definite article, etc.), which is a characteristic feature of northern and north-eastern varieties of Scots (compare ζ. forms at they pron., adj., adv., and n., ζ. forms at them pron., adj., and n., etc.). Use as complement of either. With use as pronoun as complement of either adj. (see quot. c11751 at sense B. 1, and compare either pron. 1) compare the following isolated early example of a ‘group genitive’ in which the genitive ending -s has been added to the whole noun phrase eȝȝþerr þeȝȝre (‘either of them’) to form the genitive ‘of either of them’ (compare later theirs pron., theirs adj., and for a parallel modern construction compare quot. 1870 at his'n pron. 3):c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 2506 & all onn ane wise fell. Till eȝȝþerr þeȝȝress herrte.
A. adj.
I. Possessive adjective (determiner) corresponding to they pron.
1. Of them; which belongs or relates to them. Also reflexive: of themselves; which belongs or relates to themselves. Cf. his adj. 1.
a. Modifying a noun indicating something possessed by the persons or a noun of action with which their is in subjective relation.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > owning > [adjective] > own > his, her, its, or their > their
hereOE
theirc1175
theirs1498
theirna1800
they1843
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 127 Naffdenn ðeȝȝ þurrh þeȝȝre streon. Ne sune child. ne dohhterr.
c1330 (?a1300) Arthour & Merlin (Auch.) (1973) l. 7847 Þa riden wel sarreliche, Þair gilt pensel wiþ þe winde Mirie ratled.
1398 in G. D. MacRae Early Sc. Texts (1975) No. 5 The four ma[r]kys worth of land of Jargburach..with all thair rychtwyse pertina[n]ce.
?a1400 (a1338) R. Mannyng Chron. (Petyt) (1996) i. l. 1109 Brutus with his folk..went þer weie.
a1425 (a1400) Prick of Conscience (Galba & Harl.) (1863) l. 5884 (MED) Prelats..Sal acount yhelde..Of þair suggets undir þair powere.
1489 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (Adv.) xiv. 400 Quhen ye erle Thomas persawing Had off yar cummyng and yar ganging.
1526 Bible (Tyndale) Matt. vi. f. vij Vereley I saye vnto you, they have there rewarde.
1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie i. vi. 8 Vnder the conduict of Totila and Atila and other their generalles.
1617 F. Moryson Itinerary ii. 219 Consider the inward motiues of their crauing mercy.
1640 tr. G. S. du Verdier Love & Armes Greeke Princes i. xviii. 78 With that they tooke their leaves of her.
1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth VI. 222 The great agility of these animals prevents their often being taken.
1797 W. Godwin Enquirer i. vi. 41 We must dwell upon their every word.
1853 M. Arnold Empedocles on Etna ii. 19 With men thou canst not live; Their thoughts, their ways, their wishes, are not thine.
1858 O. W. Holmes Autocrat of Breakfast-table iv. 92 Long after the frost and snow have done their worst with the orchards.
1864 Ld. Tennyson Aylmer's Field in Enoch Arden, etc. 71 These old pheasant-lords..Who had mildew'd in their thousands, doing nothing Since Egbert.
1906 J. London White Fang v. iii. 301 The gods were jealous of their power.
1948 A. C. Kinsey et al. Sexual Behavior Human Male x. 369 There will be good night kisses as soon as their dating becomes regular.
1969 B. Head When Rain Clouds Gather viii. 110 So you encourage foreigners to stick up their noses at our diet?
2001 Guardian 13 Aug. ii. 13/1 Fridges that order their own milk.
b. Modifying a noun of action with which their is in objective relation: of, for, or to them.
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a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) i. l. 1444 Bi processe off yeeris Ther memory hath duskid.
1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende f. ccclvv Theire memorye shold be worshipped vnder the names of fyue other martirs.
1553 T. Wilson Arte of Rhetorique f. 42 For a tyme your grace, muche bewailed their lacke.
1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene iii. iii. sig. Ee4v Shall..Quite from th'earth their memory be raste?
1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 84 Yet can there not be in any Nation a neglect of Oxen; and their reuerence was so great, that in auncient time [etc.].
1665 J. Crowne Pandion & Amphigenia ii. 270 Their Non-obedience may turn to their destruction.
1780 W. Beckford Biogr. Mem. Painters 108 Humanity pleads strongly for the abridgment of their relation.
1792 E. Smith in H. M. Bowdler Fragm. Prose & Verse by Young Lady (1808) 4 We mourn their loss, and wish their longer stay.
1845 J. Harrison tr. J. L. von Mosheim in R. Cudworth True Intellect. Syst. Universe III. v. 113 Those who defend the Ionics, and seek to rescue their memory from the charge of atheism.
1897 M. Kingsley Trav. W. Afr. 657 Their deportation from Africa.
1954 G. P. Gladstone in H. W. Florey Lect. Gen. Pathol. xx. 374 The washing away of the bacteria by secretions, and their removal by coughing, deglutition, [etc.].
2001 U.S. News & World Rep. 5 Feb. 46/2 (chart) Warmer water could bleach coral reefs, leading to their destruction.
c. Modifying a noun denoting something with which one has a less immediate or definite relation (such as a target or objective, a field of study, an honour or award, or an academic qualification). Cf. his adj. 1a(b).
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a1439 J. Lydgate Fall of Princes (Bodl. 263) iii. l. 3125 (MED) Iuges..ouhte off resoun themseluen to habile, To haue science off philosophie, And knowe ther textis off canoun & cyuyle.
1559 J. Aylmer Harborowe sig. H They must know their quarter strookes, and the waye how to defende their head.
1609 H. Ainsworth Def. Holy Script, Worship & Ministerie 78 The willing neglect and forgetting of their Hebrue, was syn.
1786 R. Burns Poems & Songs 102 To burn their nits, an' pou their stocks, An' haud their Halloween.
1864 G. O. Trevelyan Competition Wallah v. 154 Seeing that his boys learn their repetitions and get up in time for morning school.
1880 Educ. Times 1 Mar. 85/2 Yet thousands of children are now learning their Euclid in this way.
1905 Daily Chron. 2 Sept. 3/1 All those who love their Devon and especially their Dartmoor.
1999 Professionally Speaking Dec. 16/1 Teachers are—at best—enthusiastic people who know their stuff and how to ‘get it across.’
2. In relation to a singular noun or pronoun. Cf. they pron. 2, them pron. 4.Use of their in relation to a singular noun or pronoun has sometimes been considered erroneous.
a. In relation to a noun or pronoun which is grammatically singular, but refers collectively to the members of a group, or has universal reference (e.g. each person, everyone, nobody, etc.).Sometimes, but not always, used to avoid having to specify the gender(s) of the individual(s) being referred to; cf. sense A. 2b.
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a1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Bodl. 959) (1965) Ecclus. xxxviii. 35 Eche on in þer craft ys wijs.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 389 Bath ware made sun and mon, Aiþer wit þer ouen light.
c1475 (a1400) Sir Amadace (Taylor) in J. Robson Three Early Eng. Metrical Romances (1842) 47 Iche mon in thayre degre.
1545 Abp. M. Parker Let. 8 May in Corr. (1853) (modernized text) 24 Thus was it agreed among us that every president should assemble their companies.
1650 J. Trapp Clavis to Bible (Gen. xxiv. 22) 190 Each Countrey hath their fashions, and garnishes.
1749 H. Fielding Tom Jones III. vii. xiv. 124 Every one in the House were in their Beds. View more context for this quotation
a1845 S. Smith Wks. (1850) 175 Every human being must do something with their existence.
1864 W. Bagehot in National Rev. Nov. 36 Nobody in their senses would describe Gray's ‘Elegy’ as the delineation of a ‘great action’.
1961 S. Chaplin Day of Sardine xiii. 245 Everybody goes to hell their own way.
2015 Asda Mag. July 60/3 Each person selects their own ingredients for their meal to suit their own tastes.
b. In relation to a generic or indefinite noun or pronoun referring to an individual (e.g. someone, a person, the student, etc.), used esp. so as to make a general reference to such an individual without specifying gender. Cf. earlier his adj. 1c.In the 21st century, sometimes used to refer to a named individual, so as to avoid revealing or making an assumption about that person's gender; see e.g. quot. 2008, and cf. sense A. 2c.
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c1450 (c1398) in C. Horstmann Sammlung Altengl. Legenden (1878) 189 Ife any wighte Praye..to that damesele, She wille hyme helpe..Ife theire desire be goode & leele.
1563 N. Winȝet Bk. Four Scoir Thre Quest. liv A man or woman being lang absent fra thair party.
a1642 H. Best Farming & Memorandum Bks. (1984) 132 Holes of that bignesse that one may thrust in theire neafe.
1735 W. Pardon Dyche's New Gen. Eng. Dict. at Gripe To..give a Person too little for their Wages or Goods.
1796 F. Burney Camilla III. vi. vi. 252 If any one plays their tricks upon me, they shall pay for their fun.
1847 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair (1848) xli. 371 A person can't help their birth.
1925 N.Y. Times 26 July 23/2 I have no objection to a person dancing their feet and head off.
1981 Mass. Daily Collegian 19 Oct. 3/3 He said he had never heard of a tuition plan than that takes into account the income of a student or their family.
2008 B. Zimmer in languagelog.ldc.upenn.edu 27 June (accessed 10 Sept. 2019) Facebook uses they as a singular pronoun when the gender of the user is not known, leading to news feed items like: ‘Pat Jones added Prince to their favorite music.’
2016 Scotsman 17 Nov. 12/5 A spokesperson for the DVLA said: ‘When someone sells their vehicle they should inform the DVLA immediately.’
c. Used with reference to a person whose sense of personal identity does not correspond to conventional sex and gender distinctions, and who has typically asked to be referred to using their (rather than his or her).
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2009 @genderbitch 11 Dec. in twitter.com (accessed 9 October 2019) My partner is FAAB nonbinary. I avoid their genitals when they have dissonance flares.
2013 K. Fleischman Open Let. in nbcbayarea.com 14 Nov. (Internet Archive Wayback Machine 13 Dec. 2013) Sasha feels comfortable wearing a skirt. It's part of their style. They also frequently sport a necktie and vest.
2019 Morning Call (Allentown, Pa.) 21 Feb. (Go Guide section) 25/3 The groundbreaking, award-winning series is based on Soloway's own experience with their parent coming out as trans.
3. As antecedent to a following relative clause, equivalent to ‘of those’. Cf. they pron. 5, them pron. 6. Now rare.
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1481 (a1470) J. Tiptoft tr. Cicero De Amicicia (Caxton) sig. a2 If I cause the wordes whiche I shal vse to come from their brestes, which ben knowen of grettest auctorite and worshippe.
1483 ( tr. G. Deguileville Pilgrimage of Soul (Caxton) (1859) i. xxii. 24 I, Grace..In erthe alowe, to be theyr guydresse That lyte the redy weyes for to lerne, In pylgremage thy selue to gouerne.
1561 T. Norton tr. J. Calvin Inst. Christian Relig. i. f. 19 Certain giddy brained men, which..do scorn their simplicitie which still follow the dead and slayeng letter.
1579 L. Tomson tr. J. Calvin Serm. Epist. S. Paule to Timothie & Titus 134/2 Under their obedience whome God hath set ouer us.
1593 in J. Morris Troubles Catholic Forefathers (1877) (modernized text) 3rd Ser. 124 The chiefest favour must be procured by their means that have spoiled us before.
1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. ix. 192 This prediction..yet miss'd their meaning, who both first reported, and most believed it.
1780 J. A. Edmondson Compl. Body of Heraldry I. 192/1 Their seals, who held offices of high dignity in the state.
1850 J. S. Blackie tr. Æschylus Lyrical Dramas I. 124 Lest some one hear, and, with swift babblement, Inform their ears who rule.
1909 Med. Notes & Queries May 98 How great some day will be their surprise, who have so strenuously insisted on wholesale immunizations when some enraged relative..proceeds against them.
1990 L. A. Beaurline in Shakespeare's King John Introd. 55 Falconbridge..never loses their respect, who still refer to him at the peak of their anger as ‘renownèd Falconbridge’.
4. As complement to all, both, each of, forming a compound possessive with the sense ‘of all, both, or each of them’.Replacing the former construction their alther, their both, etc.: see sense B. 1.
ΚΠ
1509 Kynge Rycharde Cuer du Lyon (de Worde) sig. A.v Out of the rofe she gan her dyght Openly before all theyr syght.
a1568 Wyfe of Auchtermuchty xii That straik dang baith thair harnis owt.
1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie i. viii. 15 Saying thus in all their hearings.
1655 Ld. Orrery Parthenissa IV. ii. vii. 642 With both their helps I was carried to a Chamber.
1680 W. Temple Ess. Orig. & Nature of Govt. in Miscellanea 64 According to each of their hunger or need.
1844 Metrop. Mag. May 156 This was the one grievance, the one great drawback, to see that dear fond object of both their love evidently declining.
1874 A. C. Swinburne Bothwell ii. i Mine and all their free and sovereign king.
1928 Techn. Bull. (U.S. Dept Agric.) No. 63 113 It is understood..that their and each of their desire is to secure the delivery of the wheat hereinbefore referred to as essential.
1998 N. Kress Beaker's Dozen (1999) 153 He's the perp's little brother, and she sure the hell doesn't look old enough to be both their mother.
5. Used in certain honorific forms of address, as their Lordships, their Majesties, etc., which act as a formal substitute for they: see the nouns.
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1557 Act 4 & 5 Philip & Mary c. 3 §1 in Statutes of Realm (1819) IV. 320 Commaundement hathe bene given..to divers..persons to muster their Maties People..and to levie a number of them for the Service of their Maties.
1562 A. Golding tr. Briefe Treat. Burnynge Bucer & Phagius sig. A6v He and his felowes gaue theym great thankes, that it had pleased their lordshippes to haue so good opinion of them.
1692 A. Wood Athenæ Oxonienses II. 793 His majesty..and their royal Highnesses went from their Lodgings with their respective Retinews.
1785 G. Crabbe News-paper 17 He May tell their Honours that he sells rappee.
1848 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair xlix. 438 Their ladyships made three stately curtsies.
1907 Times 13 June 6/1 Nor did he think a committee of their Lordships were likely to recommend the admission of life peeresses to the House.
1985 Fiscal Stud. Aug. 54 Their Lordships said that the transaction should be taxed ‘according to the end result’.
1998 Independent 23 June ii. 3/4 Let me warn their Reverences not to fight it in the Lords.
†II. Other uses.
6. After a noun (esp. a personal name): substituting for the genitive inflection -s. Cf. his adj. 5, her adj.2 3. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1456 in C. Innes & P. Chalmers Liber S. Thome de Aberbrothoc (1856) II. 89 The sowthe syde of the myre sal ly in commoun pasture to the said tua lordis, thar tennandis and thar gudis.
1600 W. Shakespeare Titus Andronicus (title page) As it hath sundry times beene playde by the Right Honourable the Earle of Pembrooke,..and the Lorde Chamberlaine theyr Seruants.
1645 D. Featley Καταβάπτισται Κατάπτυστοι: Dippers Dipt i. 16 These travellers their report, and the testimonie of those witnesses.
a1649 W. Drummond Skiamachia in Wks. (1711) 193 An Answer to the Parliament of England their Declaration.
1667 S. Pepys Diary 3 Jan. (1974) VIII. 4 The House of Lords their proceedings in petitioning the King.
1684 R. Burthogge Argument Infants Baptisme i. 6 From the Children of Believers their being Abraham's Spiritual Seed.
†B. pron.
1. As genitive case of the third person plural pronoun they pron.: of them. Only as complement of a pronoun, and chiefly with genitive plural inflection of all (see all adj. 5, alther adj.), bo (see bo adj. c), or both (see both adj. 4), forming a possessive expression. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 12874 Eȝȝþerr þeȝȝre wass. Off soþfasst lufe. filledd.
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 17591 Forr eȝȝþerr iss wurrþlike shridd Acc nohht onn ane wise. & tohh iss þeȝȝre baþre shrud Þurrh cossmos wel bitacnedd.
c1300 (?c1225) King Horn (Laud) (1901) l. 1291 Ofte he sworen hoþes holde Þat þere non ne scholde No ware horn by wreyen.
a1425 Rule St. Benet (Lansd.) (1902) 20 Þe nouice beddis sal be þat nane þaire may nehe oþir; Bytuix þalde þai sal lie.
?a1500 (a1471) Brut (Lyell) in J. S. Davies Eng. Chron. (1856) 48 Be thair bothe assent.
1559 W. Baldwin et al. Myrroure for Magistrates Glendour f. xxiii Lo thus fond hope did theyr both liues abridge.
2. = theirs pron. Cf. her pron.1 2. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 7465 A man o þair gains an of vr.
1592 G. Harvey Foure Lett. iii. 46 I offer them my hande: and request their.
1618 G. Wither Wither's Motto C iij b My clothing keeps me full as warm as their [rhyme are].
1618 G. Wither Wither's Motto C iv And my esteeme I will not change for their.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2013; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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