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单词 tender
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tendern.1

Brit. /ˈtɛndə/, U.S. /ˈtɛndər/
Forms: Also Middle English -our.
Etymology: < tend v.1 + -er suffix1, or aphetic form of attender n.
1. †One who tends, or waits upon, another; an attendant, nurse, ministrant (obsolete); a waiter; an assistant to a builder or other skilled workman (dialect).
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > subjection > service > servant > personal or domestic servant > attendant or personal servant > [noun]
thanea700
yeoman1345
squirec1380
foot followera1382
handservanta1382
servitora1382
ministera1384
servera1425
squire of (or for) the body (or household)1450
attender1461
waitera1483
awaiter1495
tender?a1505
waiting-man1518
satellite?1520
attendant1555
sitter-byc1555
pediseque1606
asseclist?1607
tendant1614
assecle1616
fewterera1625
escudero1631
peon1638
wait1652
under spur-leather1685
body servant1689
slavey1819
tindal1859
maid-attendant1896
the world > food and drink > food > serving food > [noun] > server of food > in inn or restaurant
aproner1611
waiter1664
garçon1788
tendera1825
hash slinger1868
officer1886
Robert1886
hasher1891
tender1901
hot potato1909
floor-waiter1930
waitperson1973
waitron1980
society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > [noun] > manual worker > skilled worker or craftsman > assistant to craftsman
tender1831
mate1840
a1505 R. Henryson Orpheus & Eurydice 20 in Poems (1981) 132 The ancient and sad wyse-men of age War tendouris to the yong and insolent To mak thame in all vertu excellent.
1601 R. Johnson tr. G. Botero Trauellers Breuiat 97 200. horsmen in Moscouie, require 300. packhorses, and so many tenders, who must all be fed.
1637 T. Brian Pisse-prophet iii. 15 Some Nurse or tender of sick persons.
1683 T. Tryon Way to Health 285 As Waiters, Tenders or Servitors to execute and obey the Commands of the Spirit of the Lord.
a1825 R. Forby Vocab. E. Anglia (1830) Tender, a waiter at a public table, or place of entertainment.
1831 J. Morton Gloucestershire Hill-farm 11 in Farm-rep. On the other rick there are one or two builders, with a sufficiency of tenders to carry on the work with expedition and efficiency.
1880 M. A. Courtney W. Cornwall Words in M. A. Courtney & T. Q. Couch Gloss. Words Cornwall Tendar, a waiter at an inn; the guard of a train.
2. One who attends to, or has charge of, a machine, a business, etc., as bar-tender (a barman), bridge-tender, machine-tender; now esp. U.S.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > [noun] > one who operates machine
minder1692
tender1825
machiner1828
steersman1828
machine-man1834
machine-minder1835
operator1847
runner1848
machine-boy1875
machinist1879
machine operator1887
the world > food and drink > drink > providing or serving drink > [noun] > inn or tavern keeping > innkeeper
tappera1000
tapsterc1000
wifeOE
taverner1340
gannekerc1380
tippler1396
alewifec1400
vintnerc1430
alehouse-keeperc1440
ale-taker1454
innholder1463
cellarman1547
ale draper?1593
pint pot1598
ale-man1600
nick-pot1602
tavern-keeper1611
beer-monger1622
kaniker1630
ordinary keeper1644
padrone1670
tap-lash?1680
ale-dame1694
public house keeper1704
bar-keeper1712
publican1728
tavern-man1755
Boniface1795
knight of the spigot1821
licensed victualler1824
thermopolite1832
bar-keep1846
saloon-keeper1849
posadero1851
Wirt1858
bung1860
changer1876
patron1878
bar-tender1883
soda-jerker1883
bar steward1888
pub-keeper1913
1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 671 That the engine tender may not be at a loss when to throw his machinery into geer.
1856 R. W. Emerson Eng. Traits vi. 107 The machines..prove too much for their tenders.
1883 Daily News 16 Oct. 6/2 The bar tender [in U.S.]..demanded payment.
1897 ‘O. Rhoscomyl’ For White Rose Arno (U.K. ed.) 94 ‘Show thy brass then’, said the bridge-tender.
1910 Times 18 May 10/2 Dissatisfaction among the power-loom tenders at their scale of pay... The wages of the tenders..were increased to 35s.
3. A ship or boat employed to attend a larger one in various capacities.
a. Originally, A vessel commissioned to attend men-of-war, chiefly for supplying provisions and munitions of war, also for conveying intelligence, dispatches, etc. Subsequently, in the British Royal Navy, A vessel commissioned to act (in any capacity) under the orders of another vessel, her officers and crew being borne on the ship's books of the latter (called the parent ship).‘In current use the term includes torpedo-boats and torpedo-boat destroyers. All the ‘destroyers’ of a flotilla are technically tenders of the depôt-ship, although this exists merely in order to carry stores for them, and the necessary staff for doing their clerical work’ ( N.E.D.)
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > boat attendant on larger vessel > [noun]
tender1675
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > war vessel > [noun] > tender or supply vessel
victuallera1572
handmaid1599
magazine ship1617
magazine1624
victualling-ship1665
tender1675
storeship1693
supply ship1778
foraging-ship1809
supply boat1823
powder-hoy1867
oiler1916
1675 London Gaz. No. 1054/2 Here are arrived five Dutch Men of War, and four Tenders.
1710 London Gaz. No. 4677/3 Yesterday..came down hither her Majesty's Ship the Lyme, with the Star-Bomb and her Tender.
1732 T. Lediard tr. J. Terrasson Life Sethos II. ix. 291 The greater seem'd only to be the retinue or tenders upon the less.
1772 S. Denne & W. Shrubsole Hist. Rochester 18 A tender in the river..employed in pressing seamen.
1812 P. B. Shelley Let. 10 Mar. (1964) I. 270 A magistrate..gave him the alternative of the tender or of military servitude.
1898 Whitaker's Almanack 223/1 Cockchafer, 2nd cl. gunboat..tender to Rodney [1st cl. battle-ship, used as coastguard] Queensferry N.B.
1906 King's Regulations & Admiralty Instr. (rev. ed.) Art. 1802 §2 The Officer in charge of stores in the parent ship is to be responsible, and is to account for stores supplied to the tender.
1910 Naval & Mil. Rec. 21 Sept. The Wear, destroyer,..recommissioned..for service in the third (Nore) Destroyer flotilla as tender to the St. George.
b. In general use, A small ship used to carry passengers, luggage, mails, goods, stores, etc., to or from a larger vessel (usually a liner), esp. when not otherwise accessible from shore. Also, in U.S., a boat or ship attending on fishing or whaling ships, to carry supplies to them, and to bring the fish, oil, or whalebone, to the ports or landing-places.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > boat attendant on larger vessel > [noun] > boat plying between ship shore
strand boat1670
bumboat1671
Moses1736
shore-boat1804
foy-boat1813
bunder-boat1825
bumbarge1839
tender1853
trot-boat1945
1853 E. K. Kane U.S. Grinnell Exped. xxi. 162 It was wisely determined by..old Sir John that he would leave the Mary, his tender of twelve tons.
1868 Daily News 20 July As the tender was puffing out to us in Queenstown Harbour.
1887 J. Ball Notes Naturalist in S. Amer. 28 To go on board a small tender that lay alongside of a half-ruined wharf.
1910 A. Weston Life among Bluejackets 54 We waited at the Royal Hotel, Plymouth, for the signal that the tender would shortly put off.
c. figurative.
ΚΠ
1700 W. Congreve Way of World ii. i. 25 Here she comes Ifaith full sail, with..a shoal of Fools for Tenders.
1865 Evening Standard 6 June [A weekly newspaper] a tender to this peculating concern..conducted upon the same principle, or with the same lack of principle.
1889 Daily News 27 Dec. 2/3 They are jolly tars and..have a couple of smart-looking tenders [sweethearts] in tow.
4. A carriage specially constructed to carry fuel and water for a locomotive engine, to the rear of which it is attached.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > rail travel > rolling stock > [noun] > railway wagon or carriage > fuel tender for locomotive
engine tendera1819
convoy carriage1825
tender1825
engine tenter1832
1825 Maclaren Railways 32 (note) A small waggon bearing water and coals follows close behind the engine, and is called the Tender, i.e. the ‘Attender’.
1878 F. S. Williams Midland Railway (ed. 4) 662 The tender will hold 2320 gallons of water, it has a coal space for 4 tons.
attributive.1838 Civil Engineer & Architect's Jrnl. 1 134/1 The same apparatus may be attached to the tender axles.1894 Westm. Gaz. 6 Feb. 7/2 In the outrush of water from the tender tank.1897 Daily News 1 Sept. 2/2 He applied the vacuum brake and the fireman the tender brake, but could not stop the engine.
5. In specific technical uses: see quots.
ΚΠ
1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Tender..a small reservoir attached to a mop, scrubber, or similar utensil.
1894 R. O. Heslop Northumberland Words Tender, in a pit, the former name for a small rapper or signal rope.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

tendern.2

Brit. /ˈtɛndə/, U.S. /ˈtɛndər/
Forms: Also 1500s tendre, tendour.
Etymology: < tender v.1
An act of tendering.
1. Law.
a. A formal offer duly made by one party to another. tender of amends, an offer of compensation by the delinquent party. tender of issue, a plea which in effect invites the adverse party to join issue upon it.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > giving > offer or action of offering > [noun] > formal or legal
tender1562
1562–3 Act 5 Eliz. c. 1 §17 All suche persons shalbee compellable to take the Othe upon the seconde Tender or Offer of the same.
1647 H. Hammond Of Power of Keyes iv. 60 This magisteriall affirmation having no tender or offer of proof annext to it.
1768 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. III. i. 15 If tender of amends is made before any action is brought.
1848 J. J. S. Wharton Law Lexicon (at cited word) A tender of satisfaction is allowed to be made in most actions for money demands,..and a tender to one of several joint creditors is sufficient.
1872 Wharton's Law Lexicon (ed. 5) at Amends Tender of Amends, is by particular statutes made a defence in an action for a wrong.
b. spec. An offer of money, or the like, in discharge of a debt or liability, esp. an offer which thus fulfils the terms of the law and of the liability. plea of tender, a plea advanced by a defendant that he has always been ready to pay and has tendered to the plaintiff the amount due, which he now produces in court.
ΚΠ
1528–30 tr. T. Littleton Tenures (new ed.) f. xxviiiv Where suche lawfull tendre of the money is made.
1542–3 Act 34 & 35 Hen. VIII c. 2 §2 The same Collectour..as shall so make tendre of all suche money.
1817 W. Selwyn Abridgem. Law Nisi Prius (ed. 4) II. 966 The defendant pleaded non-assumpsit as to all except 3l., and as to that a tender.
1863 A. J. Horwood Yearbks. 30 & 31 Edward I Pref. 26 (note) The reason for the tender of the demy-mark in a writ of right.
1883 Wharton's Law-lexicon (ed. 7) (at cited word) By the Coinage Act, 1870.., it is provided that a tender of payment of money, if made in coins legally issued by the Mint..shall be a legal tender.
2. gen. An offer of anything for acceptance.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > giving > offer or action of offering > [noun]
proffera1325
presentation1427
presentingc1430
offer1433
proposition1541
tender1577
tendry1624
tendering1625
offerture1631
proposala1640
deference1660
oblation1678
offering1706
porrection1715
1577 W. Harrison Descr. Eng. Pref. I dare presume to make tendour of the protection thereof vnto your Lordships hands.
1603 W. Shakespeare Hamlet i. iii. 99 Ofel. My lord, he hath made many tenders of his loue to me. Cor. Tenders, I, I, tenders you may call them.
1761–2 D. Hume Hist. Eng. (1806) V. lxxi. 286 [He] made a tender of his sword and purse to the prince of Orange.
1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. xiii. 287 They had not yet been put into possession of the royal authority by a formal tender and a formal acceptance.
1871 R. Ellis tr. Catullus Poems l. 6 Tenders jocular o'er the merry wine-cup.
3. Commerce.
a. An offer made in writing by one party to another (usually to a public body) to execute, at an exclusive price or uniform rate, an order for the supply or purchase of goods, or for the execution of work, the details of which have been submitted, often through the public press, by the second party.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > buying > [noun] > bidding or offering to buy > the bid or offer
bodec1200
lof1556
tender1666
proposal1701
ticket1778
bid1788
counter-bid1960
1666 S. Pepys Diary 14 July (1972) VII. 206 The business of Captain Cockes tender of hemp.
1691 London Gaz. No. 2636/3 The Principal Officers and Commissioners of Their Majesties Navy,..will..be ready to receive any Tenders.., and to Treat and Contract with the Tenderers thereof.
1851 H. Mayhew London Labour I. 291/2 The privilege..is disposed of by tender.
1868 J. E. T. Rogers Man. Polit. Econ. xxiii. 307 The Government..may fix the sum and invite tenders for the lowest amount of interest at which borrowers will be willing to make the loan.
1882 Statist X. 485 The lowest tender was accepted.
b. tender offer n. U.S. see quot. 1979; usually for the purpose of obtaining effective control.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > stocks and shares > [noun] > specific operations or arrangements > share-buying activities
subscribing1762
flyer1846
bearing1849
stagging1851
take-up1865
bear covering1881
straddle1883
portfolio investment1929
short covering1930
support buying1932
foreign portfolio investment1951
corporate raiding1957
leveraged1957
tender offer1964
buy-in1968
management buyout1977
bought deal1981
greenmail1983
MBO1986
bimbo1991
1964 J. Low Investor's Dict. 198 In general when an outside interest makes a tender offer the market price rises close to the tender price.
1979 Yale Law Jrnl. 88 510 A tender offer is conventionally defined as a public solicitation of the shareholders of a corporation to tender their shares to the offeror at a specified price.
4. (esp. legal tender, lawful tender, or common tender.) Money or other things that may be legally tendered or offered in payment; currency prescribed by law as that in which payment may be made.In the United Kingdom, Bank of England notes are legal tender up to any amount throughout the country; fifty-pence coins are legal tender for sums not exceeding £10; other current cupro-nickel coins for sums not exceeding £5; and current bronze coins for sums not exceeding twenty pence (1988).
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > money > medium of exchange or currency > [noun] > coins and notes > kind of money > current or legal
lawful1533
going1591
pass-gilt1657
real money1675
legal tender?1730
legal tender1740
1740 W. Douglass Disc. Currencies Brit. Plantations in Amer. 20 France never made their State Bills a common Tender.
1765 T. Hutchinson Hist. Colony Massachusets-Bay, 1628–91 (ed. 2) i. 27 Indian corn..was made a tender in discharge of all debt.
1777 Jrnls. Amer. Congress 14 June Recommended..to pass laws to make the bills of credit, issued by the Congress, a lawful tender, in payments of public and private debts.
1838–42 T. Arnold Hist. Rome II. xxvii. 73 Land and cattle became legal tender at a certain fixed rate of value.
1866 A. Crump Pract. Treat. Banking iv. 95 A cheque is not a legal tender, and for that reason may be objected to.
1883 J. Gilmour Among Mongols xxxii. 369 In Urga, brick tea and silver are the common tenders.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

tendern.4

Brit. /ˈtɛndə/, U.S. /ˈtɛndər/
Origin: Formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymon: tenderloin n.
Etymology: Shortened < tenderloin n.
North American.
A tender cut of meat, esp. a tenderloin.Often with modifying word specifying the type of meat, as beef tender, pork tender, etc. See also chicken tender n. 1, and cf. tenderloin n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > serving food > [noun] > server of food > in inn or restaurant
aproner1611
waiter1664
garçon1788
tendera1825
hash slinger1868
officer1886
Robert1886
hasher1891
tender1901
hot potato1909
floor-waiter1930
waitperson1973
waitron1980
1901 Evening Herald (Syracuse, N.Y.) 4 Jan. 8/7 (advt.) Beeftenders, 24c.
1910 National Provisioner 15 Oct. 36 Pork Loins... Pork Chops..Pork Shoulders..Pork Tenders.
1963 Washington Post 23 July c8/1 (advt) Selected beef tenders.
2017 N.Y. Times (Nexis) 15 Oct. (Mag.) 26 We pull the tenders off and save them for the family meal at work, but at home I leave the tenders intact and cook the breasts as they are.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, December 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

tenderadj.adv.n.3

Brit. /ˈtɛndə/, U.S. /ˈtɛndər/
Forms: Middle English–1500s tendre, Middle English– tender; also Middle English teyndir, Middle English tendyr, tendere, Middle English–1500s (chiefly Scottish) tendir, Middle English tendire, tendur(e.
Etymology: < French tendre (11th cent.) = Provençal tenre, tendre, Spanish tierno, Portuguese tenro, Italian tenero < Latin tenerum (nominative tener) tender, delicate.
A. adj. (and adv.)
I. Literal and physical senses.
1.
a. Soft or delicate in texture or consistence; yielding easily to force or pressure; fragile; easily broken, divided, compressed, or injured; of food, easily masticated, succulent. †tender bread, newly baked bread (obsolete).Formerly (and still dialect) used in wide sense as a synonym of soft (e.g. of stone or coal).
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > constitution of matter > weakness > [adjective]
tender?c1225
feeble1340
infirmc1374
slight1393
weakc1400
sperec1440
silly1587
unsound1590
immaterial1609
paper1615
unsubstantiala1617
reedy1628
slighty1662
insufficient1700
flimsy1702
bandbox1727
unconfirmed1752
insubstantial1767
gossamery1790
thread-paper1803
gossamer1806
slimsy1845
unendurable1879
bandboxy1891
the world > matter > constitution of matter > softness > [adjective]
lithec888
merroweOE
neshOE
tender?c1225
softa1250
unharda1300
supplec1325
melchc1350
unsad1398
slobbery?a1425
lushc1440
mulch?1440
gentle1555
mellow1577
softly1589
tenerous1598
siddow1601
maumy1728
frush1848
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 91 For his flesch wesal quic as is þe tendre echȝe.
13.. Coer de L. 3413 Eet theroff..As it wer a tendyr chycke.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 18844 Forked fair þe chin he bare And tender berd wit mikel hare.
c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 630 A calf..Þat watz tender & not toȝe.
c1400 Mandeville's Trav. xxxiii. 150 Þe tendre erthe was remowed fra his place and þare become a valay, and þe hard erthe habade still.
a1500 ( J. Yonge tr. Secreta Secret. (Rawl.) (1898) 247 Tendyr brede makyd of the floure of Whete.
c1503 Beuys of Southhamptowne (Pynson) 2529 Beuys..hyt the dragon vnder the wynge,..There was he tender wythout skale.
1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1888) I. 26 The Skout..being sodin,..is maist tendir.
1650 J. Bulwer Anthropometamorphosis 186 Their bones being yet tender, soft, and cartilaginious.
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 111 The tender Grass, and budding Flower. View more context for this quotation
1787 T. Best Conc. Treat. Angling (ed. 2) 39 He bites very freely, but is often lost when struck, his mouth being very tender.
1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) §272 Moorstone..being a tender kind of stone in respect to the union of its component parts.
1832 C. Lyell Princ. Geol. (ed. 2) II. 281 Many tender and fragile shells.
1875 Guide Royal Porcelain Wks. 15 The ware up to this point..is most tender, and can only be handled with the greatest care.
figurative.c1386 G. Chaucer Merchant's Tale 946 I haue..a soule for to kepe..and also myn honour And of my wyfhod, thilke tendre flour.1709 R. Steele & J. Swift Tatler No. 67 There is Nothing of so tender a Nature as the Reputation and Conduct of Ladies.
b. Of the ground: Soft with moisture; easily giving way beneath the feet; ‘rotten’. dialect.
ΘΚΠ
the world > the earth > land > ground > [adjective] > condition for movement
foec1400
smoothc1400
soft?1523
skelp1607
heavy1710
tender1727
severe1881
holding1891
underfoot1976
1727 D. Eaton Let. 25 Mar. (1971) 105 He has carted at a very unseasonable time when the ground was tender.
1789 Trans. Soc. Arts 7 68 Some of the lands are so tender, that a board or patten..is fixed to each foot of every horse.
1905 Eng. Dial. Dict. VI. 62/2 [Warks.] Behand Spetchley the roads was very tender.
c. tender porcelain n. soft porcelain; see quots.
ΚΠ
1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 1021 There are two species of porcelain..; the one is called hard, and the other tender.
1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 1022 Tender porcelain, styled also vitreous porcelain..always consists of a vitreous frit, rendered opaque and less fusible by the addition of a calcareous and marly clay.
a1884 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Suppl. 887/1 Tender porcelain, a soft body porcelain made in Europe.
2. Frail, thin, fine, slender. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > shape > condition of being long in relation to breadth > slenderness > [adjective] > and weak or fragile
feeble1340
tender1390
lean1578
thread-paper1747
toylike1818
spindly1827
spindling1858
1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis III. 52 The happes over mannes hed Ben honged with a tendre thred.
1680 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. xii. 216 That..it draw not the Edge of the thin and tender Blade of the Hook into it.
II. Transferred from I.
3.
a. Of weak or delicate constitution; not strong, hardy, or robust; unable or unaccustomed to endure hardship, fatigue, or the like; delicately reared, effeminate.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > [adjective] > in state of ill health or diseased > weak > of constitution
neshOE
tender?c1225
softa1387
delicatea1398
nicec1450
slendera1500
weak?1523
dainty1562
fine1562
cockney1573
weakly1577
dough-baked1592
lax1732
flimsy1742
lax-fibred1762
doughy1763
dauncy1846
fragile1858
slim1877
chétif1908
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 88 Godes flesch..þet inume wes of þe tendre maiden.
1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 6441 Non byleued nere, Bote is tueye ȝonge sones, þat so feble & tendre were.
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 31 Þou ne miȝt naȝt do þe greate penonces. Þou art to tendre.
1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Deut. xxviii. 56 A tendre womman and a delicate.
1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope v. x I shalle not ete the, For thow sholdest hurte my tendre stomak.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Susanna 31 Now Susanna was a tender person, and maruelous fayre of face.
1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Tender man not able to indure hardnes, effæminatus.
a1627 T. Middleton More Dissemblers besides Women iii. i, in 2 New Playes (1657) 34 A tender, puling, nice, chitty fac'd Squal 'tis.
1859 Ld. Tennyson Enid in Idylls of King 22 To stoop and kiss the tender little thumb, That crost the trencher as she laid it down.
b. Of animals or plants: Delicate, easily injured by severe weather or unfavourable conditions; not hardy; needing protection. tender annual, an annual plant needing the protection of a greenhouse all through its life; cf. hardy annual n. at hardy adj. and n.1 Compounds 2; tender plant (figurative), something needing careful nurture if it is to survive and develop.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > animal body > [adjective] > delicate
tender1614
the world > plants > by habitat or distribution > [adjective] > hardy or not hardy
tender1614
hardy1629
sturdy1695
nicec1710
tenderish1798
half-hardy1818
ironclad1871
the world > plants > by age or cycles > [noun] > annual
annual1633
hardy annual1706
tender annual1769
winter annual1857
semi-annual1882
therophyte1913
1614 G. Markham Cheape & Good Husbandry (1668) vii. xvii. 121 Turkies when they are young are very tender to bring up.
1653 R. Austen Treat. Fruit-trees 55 The May-Cherries are tender, the Trees must be set in a warme place.
1769 J. Rutter & D. Carter Mod. Eden (new ed.) ii. iv. 218 (heading) Of raising tender annuals on hot-beds.
1791 E. Darwin Bot. Garden: Pt. I i. Note xiv. 27 The bulbs..are found in the perennial herbaceous plants which are too tender to bear the cold of the winter.
1798 C. Marshall Introd. Knowl. & Pract. Gardening (ed. 2) xii. 157 Fig trees will generally survive hard winters, when in standards,..though shoots trained to a wall are tenderer.
1822 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Gardening iii. ii. 1070 The green-house is now filled with tender annuals.
1867 T. Bridgeman Amer. Gardener's Assistant iii. 21 Varieties from warm climates..may with great propriety be treated as tender annuals, by sowing the seed every spring.
1933 Discovery Mar. 76/2 The runner bean..of Mexican parentage or origin is here grown as a tender annual.
1969 Times 10 Mar. 10/7 These capital sources are conditioned by..the confidence felt in the future profitability of agriculture. That confidence is, at present, rather a tender plant.
1974 J. Warren Macself's Amateur Greenhouse (ed. 5) viii. 238 The tender annuals of all kinds should be sown in spring rather than autumn.
1978 U.S. News & World Rep. 12 June 56/1 Academic and cultural freedom is a very tender plant, which this country has nurtured very effectively.
c. dialect. In delicate health, weakly, frail.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > [adjective] > in state of ill health or diseased > weak
unmightyeOE
unferea1060
unwieldc1220
fade1303
lewc1325
weak1340
fainta1375
sicklyc1374
unwieldyc1386
impotent1390
delicatea1398
lowa1398
unmighta1450
unlustyc1450
low-brought1459
wearyc1480
failed1490
worn1508
caduke?1518
fainty1530
weak1535
debile1536
fluey1545
tewly?1547
faltering1549
puling1549
imbecilec1550
debilitate1552
flash1562
unable1577
unhealthful1595
unabled1597
whindling1601
infirm1608
debilitated1611
bedrid1629
washya1631
silly1636
fluea1645
tender1645
invaletudinary1661
languishant1674
valetudinaire?c1682
puly1688
thriftless1693
unheartya1699
wishy-washy1703
enervate1706
valetudinarian1713
lask1727
wersh1755
palliea1774
wankle1781
asthenic1789
atonic1792
squeal1794
adynamic1803
worn-down1814
totterish1817
asthenical1819
prostrate1820
used up1823
wankya1825
creaky1834
groggy1834
puny1838
imbeciled1840
rickety-rackety1840
muscleless1841
weedy1849
tottery1861
crocky1880
wimbly-wambly1881
ramshackle1889
twitterly1896
twittery1907
wonky1919
strung out1959
1645 R. Baillie Let. 8 July (1841) II. 296 Mr. Henderson is much tenderer than he wont.
1747 J. Wesley Primitive Physick p. xix Tender People shou'd have those..who..are much about them, sound, sweet and healthy.
1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian iv, in Tales of my Landlord 2nd Ser. I. 121 I had been tender a' the simmer, and scarce ower the door o' my room for twal weeks.
1864 Ld. Houghton Let. in T. W. Reid Life Ld. Houghton (1890) II. xv. 124 It keeps me rather ‘tender’ and nervous.
4. Having the weakness and delicacy of youth; not strengthened by age or experience; youthful, immature. Chiefly in phrases tender age, tender years (also †tender of age).
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > source or principle of life > age > youth > [adjective]
tenderc1330
unripe1548
unripened1561
c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 252 He was tendre & ȝing.
c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 412 I watz ful ȝong & tender of age.
1454 Rolls of Parl. V. 242/1 An Acte made in the tendre age of the Kyng.
1539 Bible (Great) Gen. xxxiii. 13 My Lorde, Thou knowest, that the chyldren are tendre.
1563 2nd Tome Homelyes Sacrament ii, in J. Griffiths Two Bks. Homilies (1859) ii. 449 The true Christians in the tender time of Christ's Church called this Supper Love.
1586 Let. Earle Leycester 8 Infected with Poperie from her tender youth.
1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 250 He departed this life in his tender yeres.
1732 G. Berkeley Alciphron I. i. v. 18 Early instruction instilled into our tender minds.
1861 Ld. Brougham Brit. Constit. (ed. 2) xix. 332 The great evil of imprisoning boys and girls of a tender age.
5. In reference to colour or light (rarely, sound): Of fine or delicate quality or nature; soft, subdued; not deep, strong, or glaring.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > colour > quality of colour > [adjective] > soft
tender?a1513
soft1672
delicate1675
mellow1706
mellowy1816
serene1846
etherean1881
mellowed1889
muted1897
pastel1899
pastel1914
sedate1924
the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > pleasantness of sound > [adjective] > gentle or not harsh
smalleOE
softc1230
gentle1548
softly1576
melting1585
mellow1650
dulcified1684
tender1709
silken1785
smooth1836
velvety1896
a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 164 The purpour sone with tendir bemys reid.
1709 M. Prior Poems Several Occasions 90 The tender Accents of a Woman's Cry Will pass unheard.
a1771 T. Gray Ode in W. Mason Mem. Life & Writings (1775) 236 April..Scatters his freshest, tenderest green.
1812 J. Wilson Isle of Palms i. 19 A zone of dim and tender light.
1894 G. M. Fenn In Alpine Valley I. 42 The tender green of the young ferns.
6. Of things immaterial, subjects, topics, etc.: Easy to be injured by tactless treatment; needing cautious or delicate handling; delicate, ticklish.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > difficulty > types of difficulty > [adjective] > difficult or delicate
fine-fingered1549
brickle1568
kittle1568
tickle1569
delicate1574
trickle1579
chary1581
ticklesome1585
ticklish1591
jealous1600
tender1625
nicea1630
thorny1653
parlous1657
tricksy1835
niggling1851
tricky1868
catchy1874
pernickety1884
trickish1900
fiddly1926
footery1929
1625 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) 130 In Things, that are tender and vnpleasing, it is good to breake the Ice, by some whose Words are of lesse weight.
1647 N. Bacon Hist. Disc. Govt. 22 The times were too tender to endure them to be declarative on either part.
1725 D. Defoe New Voy. round World ii. 168 They considered not..upon what tender ticklish Terms their Navigation stood.
1821 W. Scott Kenilworth I. xi. 289 Fearful of touching upon a topic too tender to be tampered with.
III. Tender toward or in regard to others.
7.
a. Of an action or instrument: Not forcible or rough; gentle, soft; acting or touching gently.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > lack of violence, severity, or intensity > [adjective] > not harsh or gentle
meekc1230
nesha1250
tender1340
softa1398
sober1455
gentle1508
silken1601
milken1648
rose water1837
paddy1962
1340–70 Alex. & Dind. 952 In tendere touchinge of þing & tastinge of swete.
1593 W. Shakespeare Venus & Adonis sig. Ciiij Her other tender hand his faire cheeke feeles: His tendrer cheeke, receiues her soft hands print. View more context for this quotation
1602 J. Marston Antonios Reuenge iii. i. sig. E3v I presse you softly, with a tender foote.
a1628 J. Preston Breast-plate of Faith (1630) 128 The smoking Flax, he did blow with a tender breath to kindle it more, hee dealt not roughly with it.
1833 S. T. Coleridge Table-talk 30 Aug. The more exquisite and delicate a flower of joy, the tenderer must be the hand that plucks it.
b. Easy; not ‘hard’ or difficult. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > easiness > [adjective]
lightlyOE
eatha1225
easyc1380
tenderc1400
lightsome1440
rife1557
facile1559
eefe1578
problemless1911
easy-breezy1948
without tears1962
c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 2436 How tender hit is to entyse teches of fylþe.
8.
a. Of persons, their feelings, or the expression of these: Characterized by, exhibiting, or expressing delicacy of feeling or susceptibility to the gentle emotions; kind, loving, gentle, mild, affectionate. tender loving care (colloquial), especially solicitous care such as is given by nurses; also transferred; tender mercies (occasionally tender mercy) a Biblical phrase usually used ironically (perhaps with spec. allusion to quot. 1611) of attention, care, or treatment thought unlikely to be in the best interests of its object; the tender passion or the tender sentiment, sexual love.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > love > tenderness > [adjective]
nesheOE
softc1175
mild-hearteda1200
fleshlyc1384
tendera1400
fleshy1526
warm1526
tender-hearted1539
meltingc1565
nice-hearted1571
soft-hearted1571
effeminate1594
tenderful1901
the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > kindness > gentleness or mildness > [adjective]
stillc825
tamec888
nesheOE
mildeOE
softOE
lithea1000
daftc1000
methefulOE
sefteOE
meekc1175
benign1377
pleasablea1382
mytha1400
tendera1400
unfelona1400
mansuetea1425
meeta1425
gentlec1450
moy1487
placablea1522
facile1539
effeminate1594
silver1596
mildya1603
unmalicious1605
uncruel1611
maliceless1614
tender-hefteda1616
unpersecutive1664
baby-milda1845
rose water1855
turtlish1855
unvindictive1857
soft-boiled1859
tenderful1901
soft-lining1967
society > authority > strictness > [noun] > severity or sternness
rethenesseOE
grimness971
hardnessOE
sternhead1297
sharpnessa1325
reddoura1375
fiercetya1382
sternness1382
fiercenessc1384
sturdinessc1384
fellnessc1410
austeritya1425
raddourc1440
austerenessa1450
severity1530
cruelness1537
cruelty1556
severeness1579
tender mercies1611
piquancya1677
Draconianism1819
astringency1823
Draconism1832
hard-handedness1849
starkness1884
the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > unkindness > [noun]
unkindshipa1393
unkindnessa1400
unmeeknessa1425
unmildnessc1460
ungentleness1548
tender mercies1611
untendernessa1658
imbenignity1675
unbenevolence1720
the mind > emotion > love > tenderness > [noun] > especially solicitous care
tender loving care1960
TLC1960
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 24245 Mi suet moder, tender of hert.
c1420 Brut 346 He kept þat office but iiij wokis, because he was so tendir and gentill vn-to þe cetezens of London.
c1480 (a1400) St. Thomas Apostle 444 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 141 Synciane, þat wes vorthy, & tendir frende to mygdony.
a1535 T. More Treat. Passion in Wks. (1557) 1273/1 The wily wrech perceiued..the tender mynde that the man had to hys make.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Psalms xxiv. [xxv.] 6 Call to remembrance, O Lorde, thy tender mercies & thy louing kindnesses.
1576 in A. Feuillerat Documents Office of Revels Queen Elizabeth (1908) 416 In tendre consideracion wherof may yt please your honour.
1611 Bible (King James) Prov. xii. 10 A righteous man regardeth the life of his beast: but the tender mercies of the wicked are cruell. View more context for this quotation
1691 T. Hale Acct. New Inventions p. cxxiii Seamen..are entituled to a more tender Protection from the Crown than other Subjects are.
1794 R. B. Sheridan Duenna (new ed.) i. 21 I delight in the tender passions.
1847 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair (1848) xxxvii. 334 His little sisters, in whose welfare she still took the tenderest interest.
1867 Athenæum 20 July 77/2 The rivalry of the class-room is unfavourable to the tender sentiment.
1893 Earl of Dunmore Pamirs II. 50 Too precious to trust to the tender mercies of a baggage pony.
1906 J. Conrad Mirror of Sea xxxiii. 182 A ship anchored..is not abandoned by her own men to the tender mercies of shore people.
1925 J. Galsworthy Caravan 575 His feelings revolted against handing ‘that poor little beggar’ over to the tender mercy of his country's law.
1960 I. A. Stanton Dict. for Med. Secretaries 149/1 T.L.C., abbreviation for tender, loving care.
1965 Listener 17 June 892/2 Smaller..traders and manufacturers..left to the tender mercies of the open property market.
1973 Computers & Humanities 7 166 The Bernard Quemada Concordance to Les Fleurs du Mal, which was perhaps prepared with more tender loving care, corrected such mechanical deficiencies.
1977 Listener 12 May 605/3 It is in a nurse's nature and in her tradition to give the sick what is well called ‘TLC’, ‘tender loving care’, some constant little service to the sick.
b. transferred. That is the object of tender feeling; tenderly loved; dear, beloved, precious. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > love > loved one > [adjective]
lief and deara900
dearOE
sweetOE
lovedOE
dearlyOE
liefOE
dearworth?c1225
chere1297
lovered1340
beloveda1375
dearworthyc1374
chary?a1400
sugaredc1475
tender1485
chereful1486
affectionatea1513
dilect1521
chare1583
ingling1595
darling1596
affected1600
in the love of1631
jewel-darling1643
adorable1653
fonded1684
endeared1841
dotey1852
1485 Sc. Acts Jas. III (1814) II. 171/1 His hienes has diuers tymez..maid supplicacioun..for þe promocioun of his tendir clerk & consalour.
a1525 (c1448) R. Holland Bk. Howlat l. 439 in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1925) II. 108 As his tenderest and deire In his mast misteire.
1611 Bible (King James) Prov. iv. 3 Tender and onely beloued in the sight of my mother [ Coverd. tenderly beloved of my mother] . View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Two Gentlemen of Verona (1623) v. iv. 37 How I loue Valentine, Whose life's as tender to me as my soule. View more context for this quotation
c. Scottish. Nearly related, akin; esp. in phrase tender of blood. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > [adjective] > closely
nareOE
nighOE
neara1375
necessarya1382
germanea1449
native1488
near of kin1491
tender1508
near akinc1515
cousin1590
affine1614
own1671
tight-knit1832
1508 W. Dunbar Ballade Barnard Stewart in Poems (1998) I. 177 Welcum, our tendir blude of hie parage.
1565 Mary Queen of Scots in Keith Hist. (1734) App. 103 Lady Margaret Countes of Lennox, being alswa sa tendir of Blude to hir Majestie.
1630–56 R. Gordon Geneal. Hist. Earldom Sutherland (1813) 125 One who wes so tender of kinred and blood to him.
9.
a. tender of (for, on behalf of, etc.): Careful of the welfare of; careful to preserve from harm or injury; considerate of, thoughtful for; fond of.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > care, protection, or charge > [adjective] > having kindly interest > mindful of the welfare of
tender of (for, on behalf of, etc.)c1305
c1305 St. Kenelm 136 in Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 51 His norice..Tendre was of þis child, for heo him hadde deorest iboȝt.
1340 R. Rolle Pricke of Conscience 905 Whar-to þan es man..Swa tendre of his vile body?
a1400–50 Alexander 3317 Be tendire of my kniȝtis.
1551 T. Wilson Rule of Reason sig. Hvij Then should al capitaines..be tendre ouer there poore warriours and base souldiours.
1605 F. Bacon Of Aduancem. Learning i. sig. E1v Some person tender on the behalfe of Philosophie, reprooued Aristippus. View more context for this quotation
1642 Declar. Lords & Com. in J. Rushworth Hist. Coll.: Third Pt. (1721) II. 45 The Priviledges of Parliament, which the Contrivers..seem to be so tender of.
1709 J. Swift Vindic. I. Bickerstaff ⁋1 I am too tender of his reputation to publish them.
1783 E. Burke 11th Rep. Select Comm. Justice in Bengal, Bahar & Orissa in Parl. Papers VI. 577 Mr. Barwell..ought to have been tender for his honour.
1868 J. E. T. Rogers Man. Polit. Econ. xvii. 236 So tender is the legislature of his interest.
b. Solicitous or careful to avoid or prevent something; chary of; scrupulous, cautious, circumspect; reluctant, loth. Const. of, in.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > will > wish or inclination > unwillingness > [adjective]
argha1000
slowOE
unwillyc1200
sweera1300
unfain1338
loathc1374
dangerousc1386
eschewc1386
squeamous1387
obstinate?a1439
unpresta1500
ill-willing?1520
evil-willing1525
untowards1525
untowarda1530
unwilling1533
strange1548
ill-willed1549
dainty1553
relucting1553
squeamish?1553
nicea1560
loathful1561
coyish1566
coy1576
unhearty1583
costive1594
unready1595
tarrowinga1598
undisposed1597
involuntary1598
backward1600
retrograde1602
unpregnant1604
scrupulous1608
unprone1611
refractory1614
behindhanda1616
nilling1620
backwards1627
shya1628
retractable1632
reluctant1638
loughta1641
tendera1641
unapt1640
uninclinable1640
unbeteaming1642
boggling1645
averse1646
indisposed1646
aversant1657
incomposed1660
disinclined1703
unobliging1707
unconsenting1713
uninclined1729
tenacious1766
disinclinable1769
ill-disposed1771
unaffectioned1788
scruplesomec1800
back-handed1817
sweert1817
tharf1828
backward in coming forward1830
unvoluntary1834
misinclined1837
squeamy1838
balky1847
retractive1869
grudging1874
tharfish1876
unwishful1876
safety first1917
the world > action or operation > manner of action > care, carefulness, or attention > [adjective] > scrupulously careful or attentive to detail > in regard to some special thing
nice1584
tendera1641
a1641 J. Finett Philoxenis (1656) 41 I was tender in taking any course without his Lordship's directions.
1651 N. Bacon Contin. Hist. Disc. Govt. 205 He was tender of the least diminution of his Honour.
1667 S. Pepys Diary 28 Oct. (1974) VIII. 507 I confess I am sorry to find him so tender of appearing.
1729 W. Law Serious Call xxiii. 478 Very tender in censuring and condemning other people.
1840 Lady C. M. C. Bury Hist. Flirt xix Her heart should be tender of ridiculing their suffering.
IV. Easily affected, sensitive.
10. Sensitive to, or easily affected by, external physical forces or impressions; spec.
a. Having a delicate or finely sensitive perception of smell.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > touch and feeling > [adjective] > sensitive (of sense of touch)
tendera1425
a1425 Edward, Duke of York Master of Game (Digby) xxxiii Þe redyer and moste tendrenosed hounde.
1445 tr. Claudian's De Consulatu Stilichonis in Anglia (1905) 28 277 As blode houndys with her tendir nose tel thingis or thei appiere.
1594 W. Shakespeare Lucrece sig. F1v Looke as the full-fed Hound, or gorged Hawke, Vnapt for tender smell, or speedie flight. View more context for this quotation
1700 R. Cromwell Let. in Eng. Hist. Rev. (1898) XIII. 120 The other tow tender nosed gentlemen would not come.
b. Sensitive in relation to bodily feeling or touch.
ΚΠ
1609 W. Shakespeare Sonnets cxli. sig. I2 I doe not loue thee with mine eyes,..Nor are mine eares with thy toungs tune delighted, Nor tender feeling to base touches prone.
1715 J. T. Desaguliers tr. N. Gauger Fires Improv'd 43 The difference between the Action of Cold Air upon animate and tender, or inanimate and insensible Bodies.
c. spec. Acutely sensitive to pain; painful when touched; easily hurt.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > pain > [adjective] > sensitive to pain
tender1799
hyperalgic1946
1623 W. Shakespeare & J. Fletcher Henry VIII ii. ii. 144 But Conscience, Conscience; O 'tis a tender place, and I must leaue her. View more context for this quotation]
1709 [implied in: G. Stanhope Paraphr. IV. 176 Till the Patient be awaken'd into Tenderness and Smart, there is no Hope of a Cure. (at tenderness n. 3)].
1799 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 1 159 The tumor being hard, and very tender.
1898 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. V. 749 The skin over the pericardium was tender and sensitive.
d. Of scales for weighing: Delicate, sensitive.
ΚΠ
1666 Philos. Trans. 1665–6 (Royal Soc.) 1 232 If I had had..tender Scales.
e. Of a ship: Leaning over too easily under sail-pressure; crank, not ‘stiff’.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > vessel with reference to qualities or attributes > [adjective] > not seaworthy or unstable
walt1539
crank-sided1626
crank1696
walty1702
over-floaty1705
lopsided1711
tender1723
innavigable1755
unseaworthy1820
sick1854
cranky1861
1723 D. Defoe Hist. Col. Jack (ed. 2) 225 The Ship..was Leaky, and tender.
1726 G. Shelvocke Voy. round World i. 5 I told them, ‘if the ship was tender, it was caus'd by her being pester'd so much aloft’.
1823 W. Scoresby Jrnl. Voy. Northern Whale-fishery 293 We found the ship so tender (yielding greatly to the influence of the wind), that we could scarcely carry sail.
1899 F. T. Bullen Log of Sea-waif 201 We..slid gently down the coast under easy sail, the vessel being ‘tender’ from scanty allowance of ballast.
f. Of a horse: to go tender, to go as if lame or sore-footed and unable to put down his foot freely.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > horse defined by speed or gait > [verb (intransitive)] > step badly or as if injured
overslip1706
to go tender1849
1849 C. J. Lever Roland Cashel II. 269 I defy any one to know whether a horse goes tender, while galloping in deep ground.
11.
a. Susceptible to moral or spiritual influence; impressionable, sympathetic; sensitive to pious emotions. Now chiefly in phrase ‘tender conscience’; formerly also of persons.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > aspects of emotion > capacity for emotion > sensitiveness or tenderness > [adjective]
softc1175
mild-hearteda1200
moll1386
tender-hearted1539
melch-hearted1552
tenderly1567
feeling1583
frail1590
tender1595
tender-minded1608
sensible1631
high-strung1653
emollid1656
tender-natured1656
sensitive1735
sentimental1749
soulful1837
weak-hearted1841
1595 L. Bryskett Mourning Muse Thestylis in E. Spenser Colin Clouts come Home sig. G4 Your teares a hart of flint Might tender make.
1623 [see sense A. 10c].
1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. ii. 143 The sight of him made all tender Beholders Cripples by Sympathie.
1660 King Charles II Declar. from Breda 5 We do declare a liberty to tender Consciences.
1672 G. Fox Jrnl. The people being generally tender and open.
a1706 J. Evelyn Life Mrs. Godolphin (1939) 27 I found her..all in Teares; for never was Creature more devout & tender.
1728 P. Walker Life A. Peden (1827) Pref. 23 Which have made so many tender Christians to scruple and scunner to take the Food of their Souls out of their unclean Hands.
1788 J. Wesley Wks. (1872) VII. 191 One of a tender conscience is exact in observing any deviation from the word of God, whether in thought, or word, or work.
1844 Ld. Brougham Brit. Constit. vii. 102 The form of words used out of regard to tender consciences.
b. as adv. Tenderly, impressionably. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > aspects of emotion > capacity for emotion > sensitiveness or tenderness > [adverb]
quicklyOE
tenderlya1400
tender1424
feelingly1706
susceptibly1785
sensitively1824
tinderly1825
soulfully1841
uncynically1895
1424 Coventry Leet Bk. 96 That causyd the people the more & tenderer to her his prechyng.
12. Sensitive to injury; ready to take offence; ‘touchy’. Obsolete except as figurative from A. 10c.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > anger > irascibility > touchiness > [adjective]
stomaching1579
pepper-nosed1580
ticklish1581
touchy1602
sensible1613
touchousa1618
tender1641
tickly1661
indigestive1670
snuffy1678
huffy1680
snuffish1689
sorea1694
mifty1699
resentive1710
sensitive1735
uppish1778
miffish1790
miffy1810
stomachy1825
porcupinish1829
insultable1841
offensible1846
highty-tighty1847
prickly1853
fuffy1858
piquable1860
offendable1864
raw1864
ear-sore1865
uffish1871
porcupiny1890
feisty1896
ticklish-tempered1897
toey1930
1641 Naunton's Fragmenta Regalia sig. E From such trespasses she was quicke and tender, and would not spare any whatsoever.
1645 T. Fuller Good Thoughts in Bad Times i. ii. 3 I am cholerick by my Nature, and tender by my Temper.
1749 Ld. Chesterfield Let. 19 Dec. (1932) (modernized text) IV. 1471 Men are, in this respect, tender too, and will sooner forgive an injury than an insult.
1857 H. T. Buckle Hist. Civilisation Eng. I. x. 613 The nobles, however, who felt that they had been aggrieved in their most tender point, were not yet satisfied.
13. transferred. Sensitively felt; that touches sensitive feelings or emotions. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > aspects of emotion > quality of affecting the emotions > [adjective]
ruefulc1225
pathetical1563
touchinga1586
imprintingc1592
moving1594
pathetic1598
neara1616
affectivea1639
affectuous1664
tenderingc1694
affecting1703
tender1705
emotive1847
1705 G. Stanhope Paraphr. Epist. & Gospels I. 115 Which cannot but..make the Sense of present Sufferings more tender and afflicting.
1779 Mirror No. 1 (1787) I. 5 A misfortune of the tenderest kind threw me, for some time, into retirement.
B. n.3 [absolute use of the adjective.]
1. Tender state or condition. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > source or principle of life > age > youth > [noun] > state, quality, or fact of
youthhood971
youtha1100
youthheadc1220
youngnessc1350
tenderc1400
youthnessc1475
unripenessa1500
youthlikeness1549
youthfulness1587
primeve1619
juvenility1623
infantility1631
youthfullity1763
youthiness1821
underdevelopment1891
vealiness1895
c1400 Brut 254 Þat þe Kyng, for tendre of his age, shulde be gouernede be tuelf grete Lordes of Engeland.
a1691 R. Boyle Gen. Hist. Air (1692) xx. 196 Not only to blast the Fruit, but the very Leaves of such Trees..just in the Tender,..i.e. when they are newly expanded out of the Buds.
2. Tender feeling, tenderness. (Cf. tendre n.) Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > love > tenderness > [noun]
softnessa1200
softheadc1350
tendresse1390
consciencea1393
tendernessa1400
suavitude1512
soft-heartedness1571
tender-heartedness1607
meltingness1622
tenerity1623
tender1671
tendre1673
mild-heartedness1849
1671 J. Dryden Evening's Love v. 73 To disingage my heart from this furious tender which I have for him.
1710 S. Centlivre Man's Bewitch'd Pref. 'Tis Natural to have a kind of a Tender for our own Productions.
1710 S. Centlivre Man's Bewitch'd v. ii. 67 I had a kind of a Tender for Dolly; but since she's dispos'd of, I'll stand as I do.
1741 S. Richardson Pamela IV. xvi. 113 Let the Musick express, as I may say, Love and the Tender, ever so much.
3. Tender consideration; care, regard, concern. (Cf. tender v.2 3) Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > love > tenderness > [noun] > tender consideration or treatment
tenderance1454
tender1598
the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > care, protection, or charge > [noun] > care or kindly interest
regard?a1518
carec1540
tender1598
resentment1641
concern1877
1598 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 1 v. iv. 48 Thou hast..shewde thou makst some tender of my life, In this faire rescue thou hast brought to me. View more context for this quotation
1608 W. Shakespeare King Lear iv. 205 The redresse..which in the tender of a wholsome weale, might in their working doe you that offence. View more context for this quotation

Compounds

Combinations; chiefly parasynthetic adjectives, as tender-bearded, tender-bladed, tender-bodied, tender-bowelled, tender-faced, tender-handed, tender-hoofed, tender-hued, tender-natured, tender-personed, tender-skinned, tender-slanted, tender-souled, tender-spirited, tender-tempered, tender-witted, etc.
C1. = tenderly.
tender-bearded adj. Obsolete
ΚΠ
1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. iii. 85 A Tree, whose tender-bearded Root being spred In dryest sand.
tender-bladed adj.
ΚΠ
1709 N. Tate tr. Ovid Remedy of Love in Ovid's Art of Love 273 The tender-bladed grain, Shot up to stalk.
tender-bodied adj.
ΚΠ
a1616 W. Shakespeare Coriolanus (1623) i. iii. 5 When yet hee was but tender-bodied . View more context for this quotation
tender-bowelled adj.
ΚΠ
1650 Bp. J. Taylor Rule of Holy Living (1727) 162 Be tender-bowelled, pitiful, and gentle.
tender-domestic adj.
ΚΠ
1858 A. H. Clough Amours de Voyage in Atlantic Monthly Feb. 422 One of those natures Which have their perfect delight in the general tender-domestic.
tender-faced adj.
ΚΠ
1823 W. Taylor in Mirror 12 July He [Thomson] was so tender-faced..and so devilish difficult to shave.
tender-handed adj.
ΚΠ
a1750 A. Hill Wks. (1753) IV. 120 Tender-handed stroke a nettle, And it stings you for your pains.
tender-hoofed adj. Obsolete
ΚΠ
1625 T. Middleton Game at Chæss iii. i Thy conscience is so tender-hoof'd of late, Every nail pricks it.
tender-imped adj.
ΚΠ
1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. ii. i. 356 Obserue a while our tender-ymped Lark.
tender-looking adj.
tender-natured adj.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > aspects of emotion > capacity for emotion > sensitiveness or tenderness > [adjective]
softc1175
mild-hearteda1200
moll1386
tender-hearted1539
melch-hearted1552
tenderly1567
feeling1583
frail1590
tender1595
tender-minded1608
sensible1631
high-strung1653
emollid1656
tender-natured1656
sensitive1735
sentimental1749
soulful1837
weak-hearted1841
1656 Duchess of Newcastle True Relation in Natures Pictures 388 Also I am tender natured, for it troubles my Conscience to kill a fly.
tender-personed adj.
ΚΠ
1820 J. Keats Lamia ii, in Lamia & Other Poems 41 The tender-person'd Lamia.
tender-slanted adj.
ΚΠ
a1868 G. M. Hopkins Poems (1967) 175 Crisp lips, straight nose, and tender-slanted cheek.
tender-souled adj.
ΚΠ
1872 J. A. Symonds Introd. Study Dante 248 Most tender-souled of feudal heroes.
tender-spirited adj.
ΚΠ
1853 E. C. Gaskell Cranford xv. 230 Martha was so tearful and tender-spirited, and unlike her usual self, that I said as little as possible about myself.
tender-taken adj.
ΚΠ
a1821 J. Keats Last Sonn. Still, still to hear her tender-taken breath, And so live ever—or else swoon to death.
tender-tempered adj.
ΚΠ
1882 F. M. Crawford Mr. Isaacs ii Arab stallions,..sure-footed as a mule, and tender-tempered as a baby.
tender-witted adj. Obsolete
ΚΠ
1564 T. Becon New Catech. in Wks. 542 b The children, whiche eyther are tender, or tender witted, or fearefull, or easye to be reclaymed: the Scholemaster ought gently to entreat.
C2. Special combinations.
tender-dying adj. dying young.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > death > manner of death > [adjective] > dying prematurely
untimely1606
tender-dyinga1616
a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) iii. vii. 48 As lookes the Mother on her lowly Babe, When Death doth close his tender-dying Eyes. View more context for this quotation
tender-eared adj. having tender ears; (figurative), sensitive to blame or criticism.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > anger > irascibility > touchiness > [adjective] > sensitive to criticism
tender-eared1529
narrow in the shoulders1551
thin-skinned1680
skinless1823
weak-skinned1933
the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > type or quality of hearing > [adjective] > good hearing > discriminating
quick-eared1609
nice-eareda1843
tender-eared1911
1529 T. More Dialogue Heresyes iv, in Wks. 248/1 The bad themself be not so tendereared, that for the only talking of their faultes they would banish the bokes that were good in other thinges besyde.
1683 Bp. W. Kennett tr. Erasmus Encomium Moriæ Pref. (1709) 8 Which makes me wonder at the tender-eared humour of this age.
1911 J. Masefield Everlasting Mercy (1912) 88 Two hares..Wide-eyed and tender-eared.
tender-eyed adj. (a) having tender or sore eyes; (b) fond, doting, partial.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > love > tenderness > foolish affection, excessive love or fondness > [adjective]
tender-eyed1535
fond1539
doting1541
doted1550
besotted1580
mally1592
twitterpated1942
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of eye > [adjective] > sore
tender-eyed1535
the world > physical sensation > sight and vision > types of vision > [adjective] > dim > having tender or bleary eyes
tender-eyed1535
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Gen. xxix. B Lea was tender eyed [Wycliffite with blerid eyen].
1591 R. Percyvall Bibliotheca Hispanica Dict. at Pitañoso Bleare eied, tender eied.
a1625 J. Fletcher Wit without Money (1639) iii. sig. D4v You must not thinke my sister, so tender eyed as not to see your follies.
tender-floss n. [floss n.3] see quot.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > iron > [noun] > type of iron > cast iron > other types of cast iron
grey iron1665
white iron1665
run metal1741
white cast iron1792
mottled iron1836
tender-floss1839
pot metal1854
semi-steel1858
silicon iron1878
white-heart1911
white-heart1928
1839 A. Ure Dict. Arts 712 If its fracture be contorted, and contains a great many empty spaces or air-cells, the metal [cast iron] takes the name of cavernous-floss, or tender-floss.
tender-foreheaded adj. modest, ready to blush.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > humility > modesty > [adjective]
simplec1300
measurablec1330
methec1390
murec1390
smallc1405
soleinc1450
timorous1474
modest1561
unbragging1570
unboldened1591
unpresuming1607
bragless1609
unambitious1621
boastless1632
unpompous1656
verecundous1656
sober1659
tender-foreheaded1659
unpragmatical1673
unpretending1681
unpresumptuous1704
unimportant1727
unaspiringa1729
inambitious1729
unassuming1730
unostentatiousa1739
unboastful1744
pretensionless1748
unarrogating1748
uncontending1748
unopinionated1775
unboasting1802
underbearing1802
mousy1812
un-ultra1817
unarrogant1831
low-flying1835
unconceited1838
unpretentious1838
uninflated1861
unvain1863
unbumptious1865
the mind > emotion > humility > feeling of shame > [adjective] > having sense of shame or decency
shamefula950
pudic1490
pudicala1513
pudent1558
pudibund1656
tender-foreheaded1659
1659 J. Gauden Ἱερα Δακρυα 47 The Gnosticks..were tender-foreheaded..people compared to those high-crested and Seraphick Sophisters.
1825 S. T. Coleridge Aids Refl. 94 What need then, that Christians should be so tender-foreheaded, as to be put out of countenance.
tender-hefted adj. Obsolete set in a delicate ‘haft’ or bodily frame; hence, womanly, gentle.
ΘΚΠ
the world > people > person > woman > [adjective] > characteristic of
womanisha1393
womanlyc1400
feminec1425
femininec1425
she1531
wifish1535
female1566
ladylike1566
womenish1604
tender-hefteda1616
ladied1628
feminary1630
feminile1650
feminal1875
the world > action or operation > behaviour > good behaviour > kindness > gentleness or mildness > [adjective]
stillc825
tamec888
nesheOE
mildeOE
softOE
lithea1000
daftc1000
methefulOE
sefteOE
meekc1175
benign1377
pleasablea1382
mytha1400
tendera1400
unfelona1400
mansuetea1425
meeta1425
gentlec1450
moy1487
placablea1522
facile1539
effeminate1594
silver1596
mildya1603
unmalicious1605
uncruel1611
maliceless1614
tender-hefteda1616
unpersecutive1664
baby-milda1845
rose water1855
turtlish1855
unvindictive1857
soft-boiled1859
tenderful1901
soft-lining1967
a1616 W. Shakespeare King Lear (1623) ii. ii. 344 Thy tender-hefted [1608 hested] Nature shall not giue Thee o're to harshnesse.
tender-mouthed adj. (a) of a horse: having a tender mouth, answering readily to the rein; (b) fastidious, dainty, choice; (c) gentle in speaking, not harsh.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > mammals > group Ungulata (hoofed) > family Equidae (general equines) > temperament > [adjective] > obedient or well-trained
well-moutheda1425
freea1470
well-mettled1595
light-borne1611
well-managed1612
tender-mouthed1620
made1796
bridle-wise1811
the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > eating > gastronomy > [adjective] > devoted to gastronomy
lickerousc1315
lickerish?a1500
epicure1545
friand1598
fine-toothed1601
tender-mouthed1620
turtle-eating1760
gastronomous1828
turtle-feeding1834
gastrophilite1835
turtle-fed1847
turtly1868
the world > food and drink > food > consumption of food or drink > appetite > [adjective] > having (good) appetite > having dainty appetite or palate
wanton1530
lickerish-lipped1577
lickerous-toothed1579
nice-stomached1604
tender-mouthed1620
nice-palated1683
toothsome1837
pensy1866
1620 T. Venner Via Recta iv. 72 Some (That are very tender mouthed) deeme this fish not so pleasant in taste.
1708 Yorkshire-Racers 3 He's tender-mouthed, manag'd with easy bit.
tender-nosed adj. Obsolete (a) keen-scented; (b) timid, timorous.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > smell and odour > [adjective] > having sense of smell > having acute
tender-noseda1425
nosedc1425
high-nosed1548
quick-nosed1561
well-nosed1568
scented1579
well-scented1579
quick-scented1590
nose-wise1596
sagacious1607
scentful1616
nasute1699
nice-scented1777
osmatic1880
nim-nosed1936
the mind > emotion > fear > timidity > [adjective]
arghc885
unboldc897
bletheOE
feyOE
frightfula1325
fearedc1330
fearfulc1374
ferdfula1382
palea1393
ferdya1400
ghastful1422
tremblingc1430
timorousc1450
cremeuse1477
craintive1490
cocklea1500
sheepish?1518
awfula1522
meticulousc1540
timidc1550
sheepa1556
tremebundc1560
timorsomec1600
tremulous1611
pigeon-hearteda1625
affrightful1631
formidolous1656
pavid1656
timidous1658
unsupported1694
tender-nosed1700
scary1773
pippin-hearted1809
kitten-hearted1831
funky1835
misventurous1849
milksoppish1852
tender-footed1854
fearsome1863
scare1885
milksoppy1886
milksopping1888
cotton wool1909
a1425 Edward, Duke of York Master of Game (Digby) xxxiii Þe redyer and moste tendrenosed hounde.
1700 R. Cromwell Let. in Eng. Hist. Rev. (1898) 13 120 The other tow tender nosed gentlemen would not come.
tenderpad n. [Formed after tenderfoot n. 2: see pad n.2 7] a recruit to the Cub Scout movement who has passed the tenderpad test.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social relations > an association, society, or organization > specific societies or organizations > [noun] > specific youth organizations > members of scouts or guides
Boy Scout1908
patrol leader1908
scout1908
scoutmaster1908
tenderfoot1908
captain1909
Girl Guide1909
Girl Scout1909
lieutenant1909
pathfinder1911
sea scout1911
rosebud1914
brownie1916
sixer1916
tenderpad1916
Brown Owl1918
rover1918
Rover Scout1918
ranger1920
tawny owl1921
Cub1922
Akela1924
scouter1930
Guider1931
den mother1936
Queen's Guide1946
Queen's Scout1952
Venture Scout1966
Beaver1975
skipper1986
1916 R. Baden-Powell Wolf Cub's Handbk. i. ii. 25 A boy Wolf Cub is called a ‘Recruit’ till he has learnt the Cub laws and secret signs, and then he is admitted to be a ‘Tender-pad’, and to wear the uniform of the Wolf Cubs.
1965 G. McInnes Road to Gundagai x. 158 I received a cap, but no badge (‘Not till you pass yer tenderpad test.’).
tender-sided adj. [? after crank-sided] = sense A. 10e ( Cent. Dict. 1891).
tender-skull n. Obsolete a variety of walnut.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > fruit or a fruit > nut > [noun] > walnut
walnutc1050
white walnut1624
butternut1670
tender-skull1691
Madeira nut1791
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > edible nuts or nut-trees > [noun] > walnut > types of
French walnut1639
bird-nut1676
tender-skull1691
high-flyer1820
1691 J. Evelyn Kalendarium Hortense (ed. 8) 174 Walnuts. The Early..Tender Scull and Hard.
tender-tinder n. Obsolete ? readily inflammable material (in quot. 1615 figurative). See also tender-conscienced adj., tenderfoot n., etc.
ΚΠ
1615 R. Brathwait Strappado 94 Tender-tinder of Affection, If I harbour thee againe, I will doe it by direction, Of some graue experienc't swaine.

Draft additions September 2006

[ < the title of the play The Tender Trap by Max Shulman and Robert Paul Smith (compare quot. 1954), made into a film in 1955.] the tender trap: (a) sexual or romantic involvement; spec. marriage; cf. the tender passion at sense A. 8a; (b) figurative a seemingly attractive situation which has hidden dangers.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > sexual relations > sexual relationship > [noun]
ménagea1393
sex relation1871
sex relationship1873
the tender trap1954
society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > marriage or wedlock > [noun]
bridelockOE
yokeOE
spousehooda1200
spousea1225
wedlock?c1225
wedlockhoodc1230
marriagec1300
spousal1340
matrimonya1382
espousala1393
muliera1400
spousagea1400
spouseheadc1400
weddedhooda1450
wedhooda1450
wedding1489
espousage1549
the bond(s of wedlock or matrimony1552
nuptial1566
bed-match1582
bob-tail1585
Hymen's banda1593
Hymen1608
married life1609
conjugality1645
marriage state1652
conjugacy1659
marriage life1662
establishment1684
shackledom1771
connubiality1836
connubialism1848
weddedness1891
bedlock1922
the tender trap1954
1954 Bridgeport (Connecticut) Telegram 12 Aug. 40/8 Opening night tickets for ‘The Tender Trap’, Max Shulman's new play.
1956 T. Gunn in R. Conquest New Lines 38 Hesitates in the tender trap of doubt.
1984 Defense Electronics 144/2 Mankind's natural psychological need to identify stable relationships, good friends, and symbiotic partnerships is the tender trap of international relations.
2002 K. Bontempo Love Songs of Henry Canary vii. 37 I fell into the tender trap again. I couldn't resist her. Within minutes we were in bed making love.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

tenderv.1

Brit. /ˈtɛndə/, U.S. /ˈtɛndər/
Forms: Also 1500s–1700s tendre.
Etymology: < French tendre to hold out, offer (11th cent. in Godefroy Compl.) < Latin tendĕre to stretch, hold forth. (The retention of the ending of the French infinitive is unusual, but compare render v.)
To offer or present formally for acceptance.
1.
a. transitive. Law. To offer or advance (a plea, issue, averment; evidence, etc.) in due and formal terms; spec. to offer (money, etc.) in discharge of a debt or liability, esp. in exact fulfilment of the requirements of the law and of the obligation.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > giving > offer or action of offering > offer [verb (transitive)] > present formally for acceptance
present1424
representc1443
tender1528
introduce1698
1528–30 tr. T. Littleton Tenures (new ed.) f. ix The lorde may tender a conuenyent maryage without disperagynge of suche an heyre female.
1542–3 Act 34 & 35 Hen. VIII c. 2 §2 If..the saide Collectoures..tendre paiement of all suche money..within the saide three monethes.
1607 J. Cowell Interpreter sig. Sss3 To tender his law of non Summons..is to offer himselfe ready to make his law, whereby to prooue that he was not summoned.
?1611 G. Chapman tr. Homer Iliads xxii. 302 If ten or twenty times so much, as friends would rate thy price, Were tendered here.
1621 H. Elsynge Notes Deb. House of Lords (1870) 97 Sr John Bennett was ready to tender his apperaunce.
1736 N. Bailey et al. Dictionarium Britannicum (ed. 2) To Tender an Averment (in Law), to offer a Proof or Evidence in Court.
a1774 A. Tucker Light of Nature (1834) II. 120 In all courts of judgment the burden of the proof lies upon him who tenders the issue.
1848 J. J. S. Wharton Law Lexicon (at cited word) No copper coin can be tendered when the debt is such an amount that it can be paid in silver or gold.
1885 Law Times Rep. 53 51/2 Evidence was..tendered on behalf of the appellant to prove the construction of the furnace.
b. tender down v. Obsolete rare to lay down (money) in payment: cf. to pay down at pay v.1 Phrasal verbs. Also transferred.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > payment > pay money or things [verb (transitive)] > pay immediately or cash
to pay down?a1425
tender down1607
plank1824
plunk1890
plump1892
1607 T. Heywood Woman Kilde with Kindnesse sig. C2v Sir I accept it [sc. money],..Come gentlemen and see it tendred downe.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Timon of Athens (1623) i. i. 55 You see how all Conditions..tender downe Their seruices to Lord Timon. View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) ii. iv. 180 Had he twentie heads to tender downe On twentie bloodie blockes, hee'ld yeeld them vp. View more context for this quotation
2.
a. gen. To present (anything) for approval and acceptance; to offer, proffer.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > giving > offer or action of offering > offer [verb (transitive)]
i-bedea800
bidOE
make?a1160
forthc1200
bihedec1275
proffera1325
yielda1382
dressc1384
to serve fortha1393
dight1393
pretend1398
nurnc1400
offerc1425
profita1450
tent1459
tend1475
exhibit1490
propine1512
presentc1515
oblate1548
pretence1548
defer?1551
to hold forth1560
prefer1567
delatea1575
to give forth1584
tender1587
oppose1598
to hold out1611
shore1787
1587 W. Harrison Descr. Eng. (1877) ii. xxii. i. 340 Then doo they tender licences, and offer large dispensations vnto him.
1597 W. Shakespeare Richard II ii. iii. 41 My gratious Lo: I tender you my seruice. View more context for this quotation
1607 T. Dekker & J. Webster Famous Hist. Thomas Wyat sig. D3 Who was it yonder, that tendered vp his life To natures death?
1635 A. Stafford Femall Glory sig. e7v All tendred their respects.
1713 J. Addison Late Tryal Count Tariff ⁋21 As he tendered his ears.
1786 S. Henley tr. W. Beckford Arabian Tale 79 The governor..tendered every kind of refreshment.
1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. vi. 101 Several Aldermen, who..loved neither Popery nor martial law, tendered their resignations.
1853 C. Brontë Villette I. xii. 222 She tendered not even a remonstrance.
1871 R. Ellis tr. Catullus Poems lxv. 15 Yet mid such desolation a verse I tender.
figurative.1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost ii. i. 244 As Iewels in Christall..tendring their owne worth from where they were glast. View more context for this quotation
b. to tender an oath, to offer or present an oath to a person, that he may take it; to put it to anyone to take an oath. (Rarely to take the oath: quot. 1838.)
ΚΠ
1562 Act 5 Eliz. c. 1 §6 To tender or minister the Othe aforesayd, to every..Ecclesiasticall person.
1710 T. Hearne Remarks & Coll. (1886) II. 355 The Oaths are also order'd to be tender'd to them.
1838 W. H. Prescott Hist. Reign Ferdinand & Isabella I. i. v. 143 The principal grandees..soon presented themselves from all quarters, in order to tender the customary oaths of allegiance.
1871 J. Morley J. de Maistre in Crit. Misc. (1878) 107 The authorities vainly tendered him the oath.
c. To offer to do something. Obsolete. rare.
ΚΠ
a1618 W. Raleigh Maxims of State (1651) 31 Especially if it tender to take from them their commodities.
3. [ < tender n.2 3] intransitive. To offer by tender for a proposed contract, or the like.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > buying > buy [verb (intransitive)] > make various types of bid
revie1591
underbid1611
bida1616
overbid1616
to buy over a person's head1682
ticket1778
spring1851
tender1865
jolly1869
1865 Pall Mall Gaz. 12 Oct. 5 Cases..in which the grocery supply..is regulated by friendship [with] some particular grocer—a condition under which open tendering becomes altogether a farce.
1910 Times 9 Feb. 4 Seven firms tendered in competition.., the tenderers all sat at a table.

Derivatives

ˈtendered adj.1 /-əd/
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > giving > offer or action of offering > [adjective] > offered
profferedc1395
presented1563
offered1667
tendered1883
1883 Pall Mall Gaz. 12 May 4/1 Mdlle. Jeanne receives the tendered homage with the condescension of well-acknowledged desert.
ˈtendering n.1
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > giving > offer or action of offering > [noun]
proffera1325
presentation1427
presentingc1430
offer1433
proposition1541
tender1577
tendry1624
tendering1625
offerture1631
proposala1640
deference1660
oblation1678
offering1706
porrection1715
1625 T. Godwin Romanae Historiae Anthologia (new ed.) ii. iii. xiii. 112 A certaine ticket or token..at the tendring whereof..certaine doles and measures of corne were given.
a1677 I. Barrow Wks. (1686) III. 404 His tendering upon so fair and easie terms an endless life in perfect joy and bliss.
1955 Times 17 June 9/3 The President of the Board of Trade..proposed to send to the Commission a second general reference covering ‘common prices and level tendering’.
1972 G. L. Rees Britain's Commodity Markets vii. 165 For this purpose granaries (‘tendering points’) have been nominated by the Association.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

tenderv.2

Brit. /ˈtɛndə/, U.S. /ˈtɛndər/
Etymology: < tender adj.: compare Old French tendr-ir.
archaic or dialect.
1. intransitive. To become tender; to be affected with pity; to grow soft, soften. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > compassion > feel pity or compassion [verb (intransitive)] > be moved by pity
melta1225
tender1390
yearna1500
earna1530
unfreeze1746
the mind > emotion > aspects of emotion > capacity for emotion > sensitiveness or tenderness > become (more) sensitive or tender [verb (intransitive)]
tender1390
soften1565
thaw1598
open1713
to open up1968
1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 270 The wo the children made, Wherof that al his herte tendreth.
c1400 Laud Troy Bk. 17447 The kynges herte ful sore tendres.
1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) xix. 430 Whan Reynawde herde his brother Rycharde speke so to hym, his herte tendred with all ryght sore.
?1553 Respublica (1952) iii. iv. 26 I on youe soo tendre.
2. transitive. To make tender (in various senses).
a. To render gentle, compassionate, or contrite; to soften. ? Obsolete exc. among Quakers.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > aspects of emotion > capacity for emotion > sensitiveness or tenderness > make (more) sensitive or tender [verb (transitive)] > specifically of the heart
moistc1390
tender1390
woke1393
asoftc1430
supply1534
dulce1558
entender1591
douce1593
unstone1594
moisten?a1661
1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 115 Al naked bot of smok and scherte, To tendre with the kynges herte.
1483 W. Caxton tr. J. de Voragine Golden Legende 14 b/2 He added therto wepyng..to tendre our hertis.
1674 W. Penn Let. 31 Mar. in Wks. (1726) I. 169 I pray God forgive you, open your Eyes, tender your Hearts, and make you Sensible.
1678 R. Barclay Apol. True Christian Divinity v. xvi. 147 It works powerfully upon the Soul, mightily tenders it, and breaks it.
a1718 W. Penn Life in Wks. (1726) I. 61 We were all sweetly tender'd and broken together.
1797 C. Lamb To Charles Lloyd 15 Deal with me, Omniscient Father! as thou judgest best And in thy season tender thou my heart.
1812 Mrs. Fry in Clay Prison Chaplain (1861) 81 I heard weeping, and I thought they [female convicts] appeared much tendered.
b. To make less stringent or strict; to mitigate. Obsolete. rare.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > lack of violence, severity, or intensity > make less violent or severe [verb (transitive)]
temperc1000
keelc1175
slakea1300
abate?c1335
settle1338
swagea1340
modifyc1385
rebatea1398
bate1398
moder1414
releasea1425
remiss?a1425
moderate1435
alethe?1440
delaya1450
appal1470
addulce1477
mollify1496
mean?a1513
relent1535
qualify1536
temperatea1540
aplake1578
slack1589
relaxate1598
milden1603
mitigate1611
relax1612
alleniate1615
allay1628
alloy1634
castigate1653
smoothen1655
tendera1656
mitify1656
meeken1662
remitigate1671
obviscate1684
slacken1685
chastise1704
dulcify1744
absorb1791
demulceate1817
chasten1856
modulate1974
mediate1987
a1656 Bp. J. Hall Shaking of Olive-tree (1660) i. 10 I..besought him to tender that hard condition.
c. To make tender or delicate. Now dialect.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > constitution of matter > softness > soften [verb (transitive)]
neshOE
supplea1398
mollify?a1425
softa1425
soften?a1425
unharden1552
intenerate1595
malax1634
tender1725
untemper1758
leath1796
1725 G. Cheyne Ess. Health vii. §7 Much and heavy Cloaths..tender and debilitate the Habit, and weaken the Strength.
1805 R. W. Dickson Pract. Agric. II. 1042 Manure..blanching and tendering the grass plants in the spots where it remains.
1886 R. E. G. Cole Gloss. Words S.-W. Lincs. Tender, to make tender: as ‘It'll tender him for the winter’.
d. To make (physically) tender, soft, or weak; to soften, weaken. Now dialect and technical.
ΚΠ
1764 Museum Rusticum 2 lxxvi. 261 The band seldom breaks there, unless it be made of too small a quantity, or of corn much tendered.
1806 ‘Ignotus’ Culina (ed. 3) 182 Stew it till quite tender... When sufficiently tendered, take out the bones.
1874 W. Crookes Pract. Handbk. Dyeing ii. vii. 517 If too strongly acid or alkaline it [the mordant] will have a corrosive action, and the goods, as it is technically called, will be ‘tendered’.
1880 W. H. Patterson Gloss. Words Antrim & Down (at cited word) The fibre (of flax) tendered by excess of moisture.
3. To feel or act tenderly towards; to regard or treat with tenderness: with various shades of meaning.
a. To have a tender regard for, to hold dear; to be concerned for or solicitous about; to treat with consideration; to regard, care for, value, esteem. archaic. See also 3f.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > [verb (transitive)]
haveeOE
weenc1000
praisec1250
setc1374
set by1393
endaunt1399
prizec1400
reverencec1400
tender1439
repute1445
to have (also make, take) regard to or that1457
to take, make, set (no) count of (upon, by)c1475
pricec1480
to make (great, etc.) account (also count, esteem, estimation, reckoning, regard, store) of1483
force1509
to look upon ——c1515
to have (also hold) in estimationc1522
to make reckoning of1525
esteem1530
regard1533
to tell, make, hold, set (great, little, no) store of1540
value1549
to make dainty of (anything)1555
reckon1576
to be struck on1602
agrade1611
respect1613
beteem1627
appreciate1648
to put, set (an) esteem, a high, low esteem upon1665
to think small beer of1816
to think the world of1826
existimate1847
reckon1919
rate1973
1439 Rolls of Parl. V. 8/2 Þeir worshipp which þei tendre most of any ertly thing.
1469 R. Calle in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) II. 499 Be my trowthe ther is no gentylwoman on lyue that my herte tendreth more then it dothe her.
1524 [see sense 3f].
1579 S. Gosson Schoole of Abuse f. 12 Dion..forbiddeth..gentlewomen yt tender their name & honor, to com to Theaters.
1633 Bp. J. Hall Plaine Explic. Hard Texts ii. 87 It must needs be much more cause of joy to all that tender the glory of God.
a1677 I. Barrow Serm. Several Occasions (1678) 280 By our charity and benignity to those whose good he tenders.
1786 Mrs. Johnson Francis III. 72 He advised me, as I tendered my own safety, to keep aloof from his house.
1828 R. Southey in Q. Rev. 38 569 As we tender the safety of the Royal Oak.
1857 [see sense 3f].
b. To regard or receive favourably; to attend to or comply with (a request) graciously. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > speech > agreement > consent > consent to [verb (transitive)] > concede to or comply with
granta1250
i-yettc1275
listenc1290
to listen onc1330
submita1387
consent1393
tenderc1430
servec1450
ottroye1477
admit1529
yield1572
closea1616
concede1632
comply1650
to fall in1651
to come into ——1704
give way1758
accordc1820
the mind > language > speech > agreement > consent > consent to [verb (transitive)] > accept or embrace
embracec1399
tenderc1430
accept1524
to take a person at his offer1592
to lean into1941
c1430 Life St. Kath. (1884) 9 Besechynge ȝowre hyȝe excellence to tendre our desyr and to graunte vs..a graciouse answer.
1523 J. Skelton Goodly Garlande of Laurell 56 My supplycacyon to thee I arrecte, Whereof I beseche you to tender the effecte.
1594 W. Shakespeare Lucrece sig. E1v Then for thy husband and thy childrens sake, Tender my suite. View more context for this quotation
c. To regard or treat with pity; to take pity on, have mercy on; to feel or show compassion for.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > compassion > feel pity for [verb (transitive)] > show pity or compassion to
tender1442
commiserate1587
compassion1594
the mind > emotion > compassion > feel pity for [verb (transitive)] > have mercy upon
sparec825
milceeOE
arec1000
i-milcec1000
to have (also take) mercy on (also upon, of)a1225
to show (also do) mercy (to)a1225
methec1225
savea1382
miltha1400
tender1442
to take to (also into) mercy1523
mercify1596
bemercy1660
to give (or cut) (a person) some slack1968
1442 King Henry VI in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1846) 3rd Ser. I. 78 That ye soo tendryng thees oure necessitees wol lene vnto vs for the socours and relief of oure seid Duchie [etc.].
1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. ccxxxi. 311 To knowe yf he wolde receyue you..and for pytie somwhat to tendre your nede and necessyte.
1581 T. Howell His Deuises sig. C.ij The Lyon doth tender the beast that doth yeelde.
1649 F. Roberts Clavis Bibliorum (ed. 2) 25 Seeing he so tenders them in affliction.
d. To treat with affectionate care; to cherish, foster; to take care of, look after. Obsolete or dialect.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > safety > protection or defence > care, protection, or charge > care for, protect, or have charge of [verb (transitive)] > affectionately or tenderly
nourishc1300
cherish1340
fosterc1386
lapc1430
tender1449
nestle1548
nuzzlea1577
brood1618
incubate1641
nurslea1652
1449 Rolls of Parl. V. 152/2 Fadres of the Church, that shuld most specially tendir þe dere bought monnys soule.
1556 J. Heywood Spider & Flie lxvii. 15 He tenderlie tendreth his childerne and wife.
1611 J. Speed Hist. Great Brit. ix. ix. 524/2 He rather ought to haue tendred him as a Father.
a1711 T. Ken Hymns for Festivals in Wks. (1721) I. 386 You in their Infant-age, To tender them engage.
1844 M. M. Sherwood Hist. J. Marten xxv [Irish lad says] I was obliged to lead him about,..and tender him, and help him, as if he had been a girl.
e. To have regard or respect to as something to be dreaded and avoided. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > fear > awe > be in awe of a person or thing [verb (transitive)]
dreadc1175
to stand awe ofc1300
shamec1384
redoubt?c1400
to stand in awe of1483
to be in awe of1553
tender1600
the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > respect > reverence > revere [verb (transitive)] > as something to be feared
dreadc1175
to stand awe ofc1300
awec1475
to stand in awe of1483
tender1600
1600 J. fitz Thomas Let. 5 July in T. Stafford Pacata Hibernia (1633) i. viii. 62 Beseeching your Lordship..not to faile, as you tender the overthrow of our Action.
1615 [see sense 3f]. 1625 [see sense 3f]. 1672 [see sense 3f]. 1688 [see sense 3f]. 1701 [see sense 3f]. 1704 [see sense 3f]. 1727 [see sense 3f]. 1901 [see sense 3f].
f. Phrases. Royal Proclamations formerly ended with the phrase ‘as they [you, etc.] tender our pleasure’ (in sense 3a), which was used as late as 1701, but in the 17th cent. was largely supplanted by ‘as they tender our displeasure’ (see sense 3e), which occurs as early as 1615, and remained in use in proclamations for continuing persons in office, issued on the accession of a sovereign, down to the accession of Edward VII, after which the Demise of the Crown Act (of July 1901) rendered such proclamations unnecessary. Proclamations for general fasts or thanksgivings have from 1641 ended with the phrase ‘as they tender the favour of Almighty God’.
ΚΠ
1490 Warrant in Coventry Leet Bk. 539 Fayle ye not herof..as ye & every of yowe tendre our singler pleasir and woll eshewe þe contrarie.
1524 King Henry VIII in Buccleuch MSS (Hist. MSS Comm.) (1899) I. 220 We..commaunde you..to..suffre hym so to do, without any your let, chalenge, or contradiccion, as ye tender our pleasur.
1618 Procl. 16 James I 6 July (Inhibiting all persons, etc.) as they tender Our pleasure and will avoid Our indignation and displeasure.
1619 Procl. 17 James I 10 Nov. As they tender Our pleasure, and will avoide the contrary.
1669 Procl. 21 Charles II. 23 June
1701 Procl. 1 Anne 9 Mar. (Continuing Persons in Office) as they and every of them tender Her Majesty's pleasure.
1615 Procl. 13 James I 9 Dec. (Requiring the Residencie of Noblemen, etc.) as they tender Our indignation and displeasure.1625 Procl. 1 Charles I 26 May (For reforming disorders in His Majesty's Household) as they will give account to Us thereof and tender Our high displeasure for neglect of this service.1672 Duke of Newcastle in 12th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1890) App. v. 24 His Majesty..hath required me to prohibit your further proceeding therein as you tender His Majesty's displeasure.1688 Procl. 1 Wm. & Mary Feb. 19 (Continuing Officers in Plantations) as they and every of them tender Our Displeasure.1701 Procl. 1 Anne 8 Mar. (Continuing Persons in Offices) as they and every of them tender Her Majesty's utmost displeasure.1704 N. N. tr. T. Boccalini Advts. from Parnassus III. 156 But above all things, as he tender'd his Majesty's Displeasure, he should take particular Care never to part with any of 'em.1727 Procl. 1 George II 16 June As they and every of them tender Our utmost Displeasure.1901 Procl. 1 Edward VII 23 Jan. [same words].1625 Procl. 1 Chas. I 3 July (For a public generall and solemn Fast) as they tender their duties to Almighty God, and to their Prince and Countrey.1641 Procl. 17 Chas. I 8 Jan. (For a general Fast) as they tender the favour of Almighty God.1805 Procl. 46 Geo. III 7 Nov. (For a General Thanksgiving) [same words].1857 Procl. 21 Vict. 24 Sept. (For a day of solemn Fast) [same words].

Derivatives

archaic.
ˈtendered adj.2
ΚΠ
1635 J. Hayward tr. G. F. Biondi Donzella Desterrada 66 Parting from her deerely-tendred girle.
ˈtendering n.2 a making or becoming tender.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > aspects of emotion > capacity for emotion > sensitiveness or tenderness > [noun] > making or becoming sensitive or tender
tendering1684
emotionalization1876
1577 B. Googe tr. C. Heresbach Foure Bks. Husbandry ii. f. 91v Diligent in the tendring of this tree.
1640 E. Reynolds Treat. Passions xxvii Out of a tendering of its own safety.
1684 O. Heywood Autobiogr., Diaries, Anecd. & Event Bks. (1885) IV. 104 I..poured out my soul to god for him, and now at last see some tenderings.
1763 J. Woolman Jrnl. 18 June (1971) viii. 133 Pure gospel love was felt, to the tendering some of our hearts.
ˈtendering adj. that produces tenderness; affecting.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > emotion > aspects of emotion > quality of affecting the emotions > [adjective]
ruefulc1225
pathetical1563
touchinga1586
imprintingc1592
moving1594
pathetic1598
neara1616
affectivea1639
affectuous1664
tenderingc1694
affecting1703
tender1705
emotive1847
c1694 Penn in Janney Life (1856) xxvii. 388 In a tendering and living power she broke out.., ‘Let us all prepare [etc.].’
1760 J. Rutty Spiritual Diary (ed. 2) 154 A sweet humbling, tendering time.
1824 Summary View of Amer. x. 137 He kissed one, took another in his arms, and proved himself so affectionate a father, that it was a tendering sight.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

tenderv.3

Etymology: < tender n.1Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈtender.
transitive. To ship (mails, luggage, etc.) on board a tender.
ΘΚΠ
society > travel > rail travel > [verb (transitive)] > put into a train > put luggage, mail, etc., in specific carriage
tender1905
1905 Westm. Gaz. 4 Dec. 12/1 The work of ‘tendering’ and stowing the bags accomplished, the usual special train run on occasions of the kind left Plymouth Docks at 6.43 p.m...and arrived at Paddington at 10.53 p.m.—247 miles in 250 minutes.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

> see also

also refers to : tindertenderv.
<
n.1?a1505n.21528n.41901adj.adv.n.3?c1225v.11528v.21390v.31905
see also
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