boraxn.

Brit.

/ˈbɔːraks/, U.S.

/ˈbɔˌræks/

Forms: Middle English–1600s boras, Middle English–1500s borace, 1500s borras, 1600s baurac(h, boraxe, 1500s– borax; plural (obsolete rare) boraces.

Etymology: Middle English boˈras, < Old French boras (borras, bourras), < medieval Latin baurach, borac, boracum, and borax, borac-em, < Arabic variously pronounced bauraq, būraq, bōraq, prop. ‘natron’, but also ‘borax’: referred by the lexicons to the Arabic bwrq to glisten, but probably < Persian būrah borax. According to Léman introduced into the Romanic languages about the 9th cent. Compare Spanish borrax (now written borraj), modern French borax, Italian borrace.

1. A native salt; the acid borate of sodium, or biborate of soda (Na₂B₄O₇): having, when pure, the form of a transparent or whitish crystal, or white powder, but also imported as crude borax or tincal, a greenish mass greasy to the touch.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > borates > [noun] > sodium borate

boraxc1386

chrysocoll1590

chrysocolla1600

altincar1632

green earth1634

tincal1635

tincalconite1892

kernite1927

the world > matter > chemistry > chemical substances > salts > [noun] > salts named by atomic number > borates

boraxc1386

tincal1635

borate1816

perborate1833

c1386 G. Chaucer Prol. 630 Ther nas quyksilver, litarge, ne brimstone, Boras, ceruce, ne oille of tartre noon.

1483 Cath. Angl. 37 Borace, Borax.

1543 B. Traheron Interpr. Straunge Wordes in tr. J. de Vigo Most Excellent Wks. Chirurg. sig. ζζ.iii/2 Boras, other wryte it borax, and Plinie sayth, that it is a lyquoure in pyttes.

1623 H. Cockeram Eng. Dict. Boras, a white substance like salt-peeter wherewith goldsmiths solder gold and siluer.

1678 R. Russel tr. Jabir ibn Haiyan Wks. Geber i. iii. 9 Glass and boraces.

1684 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 14 610 The other species [of Nitre] they term Baurac, which they used in seasoning their meat.

1815 W. Henry Elements Exper. Chem. (ed. 7) I. i. xvi. 18 Boracic acid..with soda..is found native in India, and is brought to this country, under the name of..borax.

1876 J. Harley Royle's Man. Materia Med. (ed. 6) 157 Borax is supposed to have been the Chrysocolla of Pliny.

2. borax beads n. beads made of borax, used in blowpipe analysis to distinguish the metallic oxides, and test minerals by the characteristic colours which they give in the oxidizing and the reducing flame.

3. borax carmine n. (see quot. 1890).

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > substance > pigment > [noun] > human or animal pigments > red > carmine

carmine1712

cochenillin1819

carminic acid1876

borax carmine1887

1887 Amer. Naturalist 21 596 For staining, borax-carmine was used.

1890 J. S. Billings National Med. Dict. I Borax carmine, an aqueous solution of borax and carmine... A pure and intense nuclear stain if bleached with an acid.

4. Cheap, inferior, or ostentatious goods, esp. furniture; inferior and tasteless design, ‘so called fr[om]. the reputed custom of a producer of borax soap of giving cheap furniture as a coupon premium’ (Webster 1961). Also attributive. Originally U.S.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > merchandise > [noun] > low quality goods

brayed ware1603

breathed ware1640

mattress1685

third1768

wastera1800

imperfects1862

fifths1881

cheaps1930

irregular1940

borax1942

tat1951

braided wares-

the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > types of ornamentation > [noun] > cheap or gaudy > goods

borax1942

the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [noun] > that which is unimportant > insubstantial > showy or fanciful but insubstantial > collectively

gimcrackery1779

borax1942

1942 R. Chandler High Window (1943) xxv. 171 A standing lamp from the basement of some borax emporium.

1948 Archit. Rev. 104 92 (title) Borax, or the chromium-plated calf.

1948 Archit. Rev. 104 314/2 ‘Borax’..is generally restricted to consumer goods where obviously heavy forms and elaborate jazzy ornament are used in order to add spurious eye-appeal. The term originated in the furniture industry and by analogy is sometimes applied to kitchen appliances and more rarely to automobile design.

1963 Times 11 Feb. 13/3 There..appears to be far too much unnecessary design or ‘borax’, as useless embellishment has come to be known in financial and trade circles.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	borax
释义	boraxn. Brit. /ˈbɔːraks/, U.S. /ˈbɔˌræks/ Forms: Middle English–1600s boras, Middle English–1500s borace, 1500s borras, 1600s baurac(h, boraxe, 1500s– borax; plural (obsolete rare) boraces. Etymology: Middle English boˈras, < Old French boras (borras, bourras), < medieval Latin baurach, borac, boracum, and borax, borac-em, < Arabic variously pronounced bauraq, būraq, bōraq, prop. ‘natron’, but also ‘borax’: referred by the lexicons to the Arabic bwrq to glisten, but probably < Persian būrah borax. According to Léman introduced into the Romanic languages about the 9th cent. Compare Spanish borrax (now written borraj), modern French borax, Italian borrace. 1. A native salt; the acid borate of sodium, or biborate of soda (Na₂B₄O₇): having, when pure, the form of a transparent or whitish crystal, or white powder, but also imported as crude borax or tincal, a greenish mass greasy to the touch. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > minerals > types of mineral > borates > [noun] > sodium borate boraxc1386 chrysocoll1590 chrysocolla1600 altincar1632 green earth1634 tincal1635 tincalconite1892 kernite1927 the world > matter > chemistry > chemical substances > salts > [noun] > salts named by atomic number > borates boraxc1386 tincal1635 borate1816 perborate1833 c1386 G. Chaucer Prol. 630 Ther nas quyksilver, litarge, ne brimstone, Boras, ceruce, ne oille of tartre noon. 1483 Cath. Angl. 37 Borace, Borax. 1543 B. Traheron Interpr. Straunge Wordes in tr. J. de Vigo Most Excellent Wks. Chirurg. sig. ζζ.iii/2 Boras, other wryte it borax, and Plinie sayth, that it is a lyquoure in pyttes. 1623 H. Cockeram Eng. Dict. Boras, a white substance like salt-peeter wherewith goldsmiths solder gold and siluer. 1678 R. Russel tr. Jabir ibn Haiyan Wks. Geber i. iii. 9 Glass and boraces. 1684 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 14 610 The other species [of Nitre] they term Baurac, which they used in seasoning their meat. 1815 W. Henry Elements Exper. Chem. (ed. 7) I. i. xvi. 18 Boracic acid..with soda..is found native in India, and is brought to this country, under the name of..borax. 1876 J. Harley Royle's Man. Materia Med. (ed. 6) 157 Borax is supposed to have been the Chrysocolla of Pliny. 2. borax beads n. beads made of borax, used in blowpipe analysis to distinguish the metallic oxides, and test minerals by the characteristic colours which they give in the oxidizing and the reducing flame. 3. borax carmine n. (see quot. 1890). ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > substance > pigment > [noun] > human or animal pigments > red > carmine carmine1712 cochenillin1819 carminic acid1876 borax carmine1887 1887 Amer. Naturalist 21 596 For staining, borax-carmine was used. 1890 J. S. Billings National Med. Dict. I Borax carmine, an aqueous solution of borax and carmine... A pure and intense nuclear stain if bleached with an acid. 4. Cheap, inferior, or ostentatious goods, esp. furniture; inferior and tasteless design, ‘so called fr[om]. the reputed custom of a producer of borax soap of giving cheap furniture as a coupon premium’ (Webster 1961). Also attributive. Originally U.S. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > merchandise > [noun] > low quality goods brayed ware1603 breathed ware1640 mattress1685 third1768 wastera1800 imperfects1862 fifths1881 cheaps1930 irregular1940 borax1942 tat1951 braided wares- the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > types of ornamentation > [noun] > cheap or gaudy > goods borax1942 the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [noun] > that which is unimportant > insubstantial > showy or fanciful but insubstantial > collectively gimcrackery1779 borax1942 1942 R. Chandler High Window (1943) xxv. 171 A standing lamp from the basement of some borax emporium. 1948 Archit. Rev. 104 92 (title) Borax, or the chromium-plated calf. 1948 Archit. Rev. 104 314/2 ‘Borax’..is generally restricted to consumer goods where obviously heavy forms and elaborate jazzy ornament are used in order to add spurious eye-appeal. The term originated in the furniture industry and by analogy is sometimes applied to kitchen appliances and more rarely to automobile design. 1963 Times 11 Feb. 13/3 There..appears to be far too much unnecessary design or ‘borax’, as useless embellishment has come to be known in financial and trade circles. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1887; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.c1386
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