terminatorn.

Brit.

/ˈtəːmᵻneɪtə/, U.S.

/ˈtərməˌneɪdər/

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly formed within English, by derivation. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: terminate v., -or suffix; Latin terminator.

Etymology: Partly (i) < terminate v. + -or suffix, and partly (ii) < post-classical Latin terminator person who fixes boundaries (5th cent. in Augustine with reference to a god), the horizon (1562 in the passage translated in quot. ?1575 at terminer n. 1), line of separation between the illuminated and unilluminated parts of the disk of the moon or a planet (1641 in the passage translated in quot. 1661 at sense 2) < classical Latin termināt- , past participial stem of termināre terminate v. + -or -or suffix. Compare French terminateur (1546 in Middle French in astronomical use, subsequently from 1765). Compare earlier terminer n.With later specific use in sense 1 compare earlier exterminator n.

1. A person who or thing which terminates or ends something; spec. (in later use) an exterminator; a professional assassin.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > quality of being special or restricted in application > quality of being restricted or limited > [noun] > fixing of limits > one who or that which

terminator1652

terminer1675

1652 J. Lane Persecution Detected 14 Christ..the beginner and terminator of time.

1674 J. T. tr. G. Harvey Theoret. & Pract. Treat. Fevors v. 125 Sweat..which as I said before, is a common terminator of malign Fevours.

1793 W. Fox Thoughts on Death King of France 7 The accidental terminators of an event which resulted in a train of circumstances.

1822 Lit. Melange 20 Nov. 335 All hail [December]! thou gloomy ruler of the storm; Thou hoary terminator of the year.

1841 E. W. Lane tr. Thousand & One Nights III. 667 They were visited by the terminator of delights and the separator of companions [sc. Death].

1933 J. E. Abbott & N. R. Godbole Stories Indian Saints xxv. 403 This Dweller in..heaven [sc. Vishnu], Terminator of the earthly existence.

1991 M. Weiss King's Test iv. iv. 335 The cold-blooded efficiency and dispassion of a professional terminator.

2011 L. L. Coon Dark Ages Bodies v. 162 The terminator of Fulda's hall crypt plan, and not its originator.

2. Astronomy. The line of separation between the illuminated and unilluminated parts of the moon, Earth, or another celestial object.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > planet > [noun] > part of planet

terminator1661

belt1665

fascia1704

fibre1715

white spot1784

dayside1827

nightside1848

albedo1860

north pole1861

polar cap1863

core1882

regolith1897

tectonics1899

sediment ring1955

radiation belt1958

palaeo-radius1960

space needle1961

soil1967

1661 T. Salusbury tr. Galileo Syst. World in Math. Coll. & Transl. I. 345 The boundary that distinguisheth the illuminated part from the dark being a grand circle, we will call that circle the terminator of the light [L. lucis terminatorem].

1730 A. Patoun Compl. Treat. Pract. Navigation iii. 81 This Circle is called the Terminator of Light and Darkness upon the Earth.

1771 S. Horsley in Philos. Trans. 1770 (Royal Soc.) 60 435 (note) A great circle passing through the poles of the terminator.

1844 D. Olmsted Rudim. Nat. Philos. & Astron. ii. v. 223 It will be seen that the terminator is very uneven, and that white points and lines within the unenlightened part of the disk, indicate the tops of mountains and mountain ridges.

1867 G. F. Chambers Descr. Astron. i. v. 60 Schröter found the terminator [of Venus] slightly concave.

1901 Science 15 Mar. 408/2 Close to the terminator, or sunrise line.., the eye overestimates the relief and sees the topography as grossly exaggerated as some of the published sketches of lunar mountains.

1969 Daily Mail 14 Jan. 1/2 We passed the terminator on the Moon—the hard, sharp line between darkness and light.

2006 J. McDevitt Odyssey xxiii. 208 They crossed the terminator onto the night side, kept going for a long time, and finally eased into the atmosphere.

3. Molecular Biology. A codon or longer sequence of nucleotides in RNA or DNA which acts as a signal for termination of translation or transcription. Frequently attributive. Cf. termination codon n. at termination n. Compounds.

ΚΠ

1965 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 54 959 On the basis of genetic evidence,..UpApA and UpApG have been suggested as possible terminator codons.

1975 Jrnl. Molecular Biol. 98 51 E. coli RNA polymerase can read through the early transcription terminator with as much as 20% efficiency.

1977 World Bk. Sci. Ann. 1978 249 To get the gene to work..certain controlling base sequences had to be added at each end. One end had to have a ‘promoter’ sequence so transcription could start; the other end had to have a ‘terminator’ sequence to stop transcription.

1992 Sci. Amer. Apr. 105/3 The visualizations are as yet crude..but they show researchers a selection of elements (classed as introns, exons, promoters, terminators and such) and how they are arranged upstream and downstream of known genes.

2012 Plant Physiol. 159 1315/1 Transient expression is successful either using a gene's endogenous promoter, terminator, and introns or a strong promoter-terminator combination to drive a cDNA construct.

Compounds

attributive. Biology and Agriculture. Relating to or involving the genetic modification of plants resulting in a cultivated plant variety which produces sterile seeds, as terminator gene, terminator seed, terminator technology.

ΚΠ

1998 RAFI Communique Mar. 1 If commercially viable, the Terminator technology will have profound implications for agriculture.

1999 Earth Matters Summer 11/1 Monsanto is showing a keen interest in buying the company which has created a crop with a so-called ‘Terminator’ gene that makes it die after one growing season—forcing farmers to buy new seed rather than follow the age-old practice of saving some seed for the next crop.

2008 B. Goldacre Bad Sci. xv. 292 GM..has created a dangerous power shift in agriculture, and ‘terminator seeds’, which die at the end of the season, are a way to increase farmers' dependency..while placing the global food supply in the hands of multinational corporations.

2013 Guardian 13 Dec. 22/2 The technology, they argue, would be a safeguard, ensuring that no second generation pollution of GM traits takes place. They insist that terminator seeds would only be used for non-food crops.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2017; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	terminator
释义	terminatorn. Brit. /ˈtəːmᵻneɪtə/, U.S. /ˈtərməˌneɪdər/ Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly formed within English, by derivation. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: terminate v., -or suffix; Latin terminator. Etymology: Partly (i) < terminate v. + -or suffix, and partly (ii) < post-classical Latin terminator person who fixes boundaries (5th cent. in Augustine with reference to a god), the horizon (1562 in the passage translated in quot. ?1575 at terminer n. 1), line of separation between the illuminated and unilluminated parts of the disk of the moon or a planet (1641 in the passage translated in quot. 1661 at sense 2) < classical Latin termināt- , past participial stem of termināre terminate v. + -or -or suffix. Compare French terminateur (1546 in Middle French in astronomical use, subsequently from 1765). Compare earlier terminer n.With later specific use in sense 1 compare earlier exterminator n. 1. A person who or thing which terminates or ends something; spec. (in later use) an exterminator; a professional assassin. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > quality of being special or restricted in application > quality of being restricted or limited > [noun] > fixing of limits > one who or that which terminator1652 terminer1675 1652 J. Lane Persecution Detected 14 Christ..the beginner and terminator of time. 1674 J. T. tr. G. Harvey Theoret. & Pract. Treat. Fevors v. 125 Sweat..which as I said before, is a common terminator of malign Fevours. 1793 W. Fox Thoughts on Death King of France 7 The accidental terminators of an event which resulted in a train of circumstances. 1822 Lit. Melange 20 Nov. 335 All hail [December]! thou gloomy ruler of the storm; Thou hoary terminator of the year. 1841 E. W. Lane tr. Thousand & One Nights III. 667 They were visited by the terminator of delights and the separator of companions [sc. Death]. 1933 J. E. Abbott & N. R. Godbole Stories Indian Saints xxv. 403 This Dweller in..heaven [sc. Vishnu], Terminator of the earthly existence. 1991 M. Weiss King's Test iv. iv. 335 The cold-blooded efficiency and dispassion of a professional terminator. 2011 L. L. Coon Dark Ages Bodies v. 162 The terminator of Fulda's hall crypt plan, and not its originator. 2. Astronomy. The line of separation between the illuminated and unilluminated parts of the moon, Earth, or another celestial object. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > planet > [noun] > part of planet terminator1661 belt1665 fascia1704 fibre1715 white spot1784 dayside1827 nightside1848 albedo1860 north pole1861 polar cap1863 core1882 regolith1897 tectonics1899 sediment ring1955 radiation belt1958 palaeo-radius1960 space needle1961 soil1967 1661 T. Salusbury tr. Galileo Syst. World in Math. Coll. & Transl. I. 345 The boundary that distinguisheth the illuminated part from the dark being a grand circle, we will call that circle the terminator of the light [L. lucis terminatorem]. 1730 A. Patoun Compl. Treat. Pract. Navigation iii. 81 This Circle is called the Terminator of Light and Darkness upon the Earth. 1771 S. Horsley in Philos. Trans. 1770 (Royal Soc.) 60 435 (note) A great circle passing through the poles of the terminator. 1844 D. Olmsted Rudim. Nat. Philos. & Astron. ii. v. 223 It will be seen that the terminator is very uneven, and that white points and lines within the unenlightened part of the disk, indicate the tops of mountains and mountain ridges. 1867 G. F. Chambers Descr. Astron. i. v. 60 Schröter found the terminator [of Venus] slightly concave. 1901 Science 15 Mar. 408/2 Close to the terminator, or sunrise line.., the eye overestimates the relief and sees the topography as grossly exaggerated as some of the published sketches of lunar mountains. 1969 Daily Mail 14 Jan. 1/2 We passed the terminator on the Moon—the hard, sharp line between darkness and light. 2006 J. McDevitt Odyssey xxiii. 208 They crossed the terminator onto the night side, kept going for a long time, and finally eased into the atmosphere. 3. Molecular Biology. A codon or longer sequence of nucleotides in RNA or DNA which acts as a signal for termination of translation or transcription. Frequently attributive. Cf. termination codon n. at termination n. Compounds. ΚΠ 1965 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 54 959 On the basis of genetic evidence,..UpApA and UpApG have been suggested as possible terminator codons. 1975 Jrnl. Molecular Biol. 98 51 E. coli RNA polymerase can read through the early transcription terminator with as much as 20% efficiency. 1977 World Bk. Sci. Ann. 1978 249 To get the gene to work..certain controlling base sequences had to be added at each end. One end had to have a ‘promoter’ sequence so transcription could start; the other end had to have a ‘terminator’ sequence to stop transcription. 1992 Sci. Amer. Apr. 105/3 The visualizations are as yet crude..but they show researchers a selection of elements (classed as introns, exons, promoters, terminators and such) and how they are arranged upstream and downstream of known genes. 2012 Plant Physiol. 159 1315/1 Transient expression is successful either using a gene's endogenous promoter, terminator, and introns or a strong promoter-terminator combination to drive a cDNA construct. Compounds attributive. Biology and Agriculture. Relating to or involving the genetic modification of plants resulting in a cultivated plant variety which produces sterile seeds, as terminator gene, terminator seed, terminator technology. ΚΠ 1998 RAFI Communique Mar. 1 If commercially viable, the Terminator technology will have profound implications for agriculture. 1999 Earth Matters Summer 11/1 Monsanto is showing a keen interest in buying the company which has created a crop with a so-called ‘Terminator’ gene that makes it die after one growing season—forcing farmers to buy new seed rather than follow the age-old practice of saving some seed for the next crop. 2008 B. Goldacre Bad Sci. xv. 292 GM..has created a dangerous power shift in agriculture, and ‘terminator seeds’, which die at the end of the season, are a way to increase farmers' dependency..while placing the global food supply in the hands of multinational corporations. 2013 Guardian 13 Dec. 22/2 The technology, they argue, would be a safeguard, ensuring that no second generation pollution of GM traits takes place. They insist that terminator seeds would only be used for non-food crops. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2017; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1652
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