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单词 tenant
释义

tenantn.

Brit. /ˈtɛnənt/, U.S. /ˈtɛnənt/
Forms: α. Middle English–1500s tenaunt, tenaunte, tenante, Scottish tenente (Middle English plural tenauns), Middle English ten(e)awnte, ten(e)awunt, plural ten(e)aunce, Middle English–1500s tennaunte, 1500s–1600s tennant, tennent(e, 1600s tennent, 1600s–1700s tenent, Middle English– tenant. β. Scottish and northern dialectMiddle English–1500s tenand(e, Middle English tennend, Middle English–1500s tennand, 1500s tenaind.
Etymology: < French tenant, noun (12th cent. in Godefroy), originally present participle of tenir < Latin tenēre to hold.
1. Law.
a. One who holds or possesses lands or tenements by any kind of title. (In English Law implying a lord, of whom the tenant holds.)
ΘΚΠ
society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > tenure of property > one who has tenure > [noun]
tenantc1330
landholder1414
terre-tenant1439
manurerc1500
tenurer1660
land-occupier1829
1292 Britton i. i. §13 En counteez et hundrez et en Court de chescun fraunc tenaunt.]
c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 19 Adelwolf of Westsex, after his fadere dede, At Chestre sette his parlement, his tenantz þerto bede.
c1375 Lay Folks Mass Bk. (MS. B.) 369 Oure frendes, tenandes, & seruandes.
c1380 Eng. Wycliffite Serm. in Sel. Wks. I. 22 Oþir tenauntis of þe lord shal receyve me into þere housis.
c1460 J. Fortescue Governance of Eng. (1885) x. 134 By escheittes þer mey not so muche lande fall to any man as to þe kyng, by cause þat no man hath so many tenantes as he.
a1525 (c1448) R. Holland Bk. Howlat l. 609 in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1925) II. 114 And Ilk scheld in yat place Thar tennend or man was.
1563 2nd Tome Homelyes Rogation Week iv, in J. Griffiths Two Bks. Homilies (1859) ii. 496 Whereby the lord's records, (which be the tenant's evidences,) be perverted..sometime to the disheriting of the right owner.
1597 W. Shakespeare Richard III iv. iv. 411 Where are thy tennants? and thy followers? View more context for this quotation
1607 J. Cowell Interpreter sig. Sss3v Tenant, aliâs tenent,..him that possesseth lands, or tenements by any kind of right, be it in fee, for life, or for yeares.
1766 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. II. v. 59 The thing holden is therefore styled a tenement, the possessors thereof tenants, and the manner of their possession a tenure.
1827 H. Hallam Constit. Hist. Eng. I. ix. 592 The military tenants were frequently called upon in expeditions against Scotland, and last of all in that of 1640.
a1832 A. Polson Eng. Law in Encycl. Metrop. (1845) II. 828/1 He is called tenant [in fee simple] in virtue of the doctrine..which treats the king as the universal landlord—a doctrine so far recognised by our law, that in corporeal inheritances..the tenant in fee simple is formally styled as being seised in his demesne as of fee.
b. With qualifications indicating the species of tenure, the relation between lord and tenant, etc., as customary tenant, kindly tenant, mesne tenant, several tenant, sole tenant, very tenant: see the adjectives. Also joint-tenant n.; tenant in burgage, tenant in capite, tenant in chief, tenant in common, tenant by courtesy, tenant in dower, tenant paravail, etc.: see these words, and quots. here. tenant through law of England = tenant by courtesy; tenant to the praecipe, a tenant against whom the writ præcipe was brought, being one to whom an entailed estate had been granted by the owner in order that it might be alienated by a recovery; see recovery n. 1.See also tenant at will n.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > tenure of property > one who has tenure > [noun] > leaseholder or tenant
kindly tenanta1325
tenant1377
mailer1392
farmer1414
renter1444
takerc1450
fee-farmer1468
lessee1495
mail-man?a1500
tacksman1533
land-tenant1543
rentaller1553
fermerera1572
tenementer1574
mail-payer1597
inholdera1599
feu-farmer1609
leaseholder1858
leaser1877
a1325 Statutes of Realm (2011) vii. 39 Þat is iseid for women holdinde in dowere, ant tenauns þoru lawe of Yngelonde.
1461 Rolls of Parl. V. 485/2 The same halfendele..enjoye to hym, for terme of his lyf, as Tenaunt by the Curtesie.
1475 Rolls of Parl. VI. 149/1 That the said Maude have..actions by Writts of Dower,..ayenst all persones Tenaunt or Tenauntes of the Frehold.
1495 Rolls of Parl. VI. 508/2 Discontinuances made by Tenauntes in Dower.
1602 E. Coke Rep. iii. Case of Fines 88 Entant qu'il ne fuit tenant al Precipe.]
1607 J. Cowell Interpreter sig. Sss3v Tenent per Statute Merchant.., that holdeth land by vertue of a statute forfeited vnto him... Tenent in frankmariage.., he that holdeth land or tenements by reason of a gift thereof made vnto him vpon marriage, betweene him and his wife... Tenent per elegit.., that holdeth by vertue of a writ termed Elegit. Tenent in mortgage.., that holdeth by vertue of a mortgage. Tenent by the Verge in auncient demesn..is he that is admitted by the rod in the court of auncient demesne. Tenent by the copy of court rolle, is one admitted Tenent of any Lands, &c. within a maner, that time out of the memorie of man, by the vse and custome of the said maner... Tenent by Charter, is he that holdeth by the feofment in writing or other deede... Tenent in cheife.., he that houldeth of the King in right of his crowne... Very tenent.., he that houldeth immediately of his Lord... For if there be lord Mesn. and Tenent, the Tenent is very Tenent to the mesn, but not to the Lord aboue... Ioynt-tenents.., they that haue equall right in lands..by vertue of one title... Tenents in common, be they that haue equall right, but hold by diuers titles... Sole tenent.., he that hath none other ioyned with him... Seuerall tenent, is opposite to ioynt tenents or tenents in common... Tenent al præcipe, is he, against whom the writ (Præcipe) is to be brought... Tenent in demesn.., is he that holdeth the demeans of a maner for a rent without seruice. Tenent in seruice.., is he that holdeth by seruice... Tenent by execution.., that holdeth land by vertue of an execution vpon any statute, recognisance, &c.
1818 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. (ed. 2) V. 333 So that he could make a good tenant to the præcipe.
1827 T. Jarman Powell's Ess. Learning of Devises (ed. 3) II. 113 It was held that the reversion in the settled lands passed, although the wife was tenant for life, and the daughter tenant in tail, in those lands under the settlement.
1844 J. Stephen Ess. Eccl. Biogr. (1850) I. 26 And held them [their crowns and mitres]..immediately, as tenants in capite, from the one legitimate representative of the great postle.
1863 H. Cox Inst. Eng. Govt. i. iii. 11 The right of all tenants-in-chief of the Crown..to be summoned to a common council of the realm.
2. One who holds a piece of land, a house, etc., by lease for a term of years or a set time. (The ordinary current sense. Correlative to landlord.)
ΘΚΠ
society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > tenure of property > one who has tenure > [noun] > leaseholder or tenant
kindly tenanta1325
tenant1377
mailer1392
farmer1414
renter1444
takerc1450
fee-farmer1468
lessee1495
mail-man?a1500
tacksman1533
land-tenant1543
rentaller1553
fermerera1572
tenementer1574
mail-payer1597
inholdera1599
feu-farmer1609
leaseholder1858
leaser1877
1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xv. 305 To take of her tenauntz more þan treuth wolde.
c1380 J. Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 414 He begges not þis rent of þo lordis tenaunte.
1479–81 in H. Littlehales Medieval Rec. London City Church (1905) 110 Yevyn to ther tenauntes at the Receyvyng of the Rentes, and in potacions amonge them..x s. v d.
?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. xxxviiiv Than shall his ferm be twyse so gode in profet to the tenant as it was before.
1526 Bible (Tyndale) Mark xii. f. lxij When tyme was come he sentt to the tennauntes a servaunt that he myght of the tenauntes receave of the frute of the vyneyarde.
1631 tr. J. A. Comenius Porta Linguarum Reserata xxxii. §386 To whom grounds, lands, farms, and manours are set out, he is a farmer: to whom a village is credited or giuen in trust, is a bayliffe and a tenant.
1770 ‘Junius’ Stat Nominis Umbra (1772) II. xxxvi. 70 Like broken tenants, who have had warning to quit the premises.
1839 C. Dickens Nicholas Nickleby xvi. 139 Of this chamber Nicholas became the tenant; and having..paid the first week's hire in advance [etc.].
1911 N.E.D. at Tenant Mod. (title) The Law of Landlord and Tenant.
3. transferred and figurative. One who or that which inhabits or occupies any place; a denizen, inhabitant, occupant, dweller.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > [noun]
maneOE
wonnera1340
dwellera1382
livera1382
indweller1382
resiant1405
inhabitor1413
inhabitera1425
tenanta1425
abider1440
citizenc1450
inhabitant1462
resident1463
denizen1474
inhabitator?a1475
mansionarya1475
habitant1490
incolera1513
occupier?1542
land-occupier1576
residentiary1581
burgessa1586
incolant1596
consistorian1599
ledger1600
resider1632
residenter1644
habitator1646
endwellera1649
incolary1652
incolist1657
insetter1712
houser1871
a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Job xix. 15 The tenauntis of myn hows, and myn handmaydis hadden me as a straunger.
1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet v. i. 44 That [sc. the gallows] out-liues a thousand tenants.
1728 J. Thomson Spring 39 While thus the gentle Tenants of the Shade Indulge their purer Loves.
1764 O. Goldsmith Traveller 4 The shudd'ring tenant of the frigid zone.
1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth V. 295 One of the most splendid tenants of the Mexican forests.
1799 T. Campbell Pleasures of Hope & Other Poems i. 268 The dim-eyed tenant of the dungeon gloom.
1827 W. Scott Highland Widow in Chron. Canongate 1st Ser. I. xii. 271 As if sorrow, or even deep thought, should as short a while as possible be the tenant of the soldier's bosom.
1879 Daily News 27 Sept. 6/3 Tenants of our British waters.
1882 Daily Tel. 19 May Mr. Bettesworth was the incoming tenant [i.e. batsman], and, after some slow play, the 50 went up.

Compounds

C1. General attributive tenant-right n.
a.
tenant-holding n. holding n. 3a.
ΚΠ
1591 in A. McKay Hist. Kilmarnock (1880) 359 We give and grant all the tenant-holdings, free holdings [etc.].
tenant-risk n.
ΚΠ
1880 A. Arnold Free Land 68 Tenant-risk and the absence of tenant-right have contributed to drive capital away from agriculture.
tenant-system n.
ΚΠ
1906 Daily Chron. 13 Sept. 5/7 The canteen is run on the tenant system.
b. Appositive.
tenant-cultivator n.
tenant farm n.
tenant-farm n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > [verb (transitive)] > types of farming
share-farm1903
tenant-farm1949
the world > food and drink > farming > farm > [noun] > rented or loaned farm
mailingc1442
loan-farm1804
loan-place1844
mass1854
tenant-farm1949
1949 Time 27 June 84/2 The 1,600 acres he tenant-farms.
1979 P. Theroux Old Patagonian Express xvii. 263 These are tenant farms..these people own nothing but the clothes on their backs.
tenant-farmer n.
ΚΠ
1748 S. Richardson Clarissa V. xxiv. 208 Attended by Susan Morrison, a tenant-farmer's daughter.
1860 All Year Round 1 Sept. 485 Those down-trodden vassals, the tenant farmers.
tenant-farming n. and adj.
ΚΠ
1861 Trans. Illinois State Agric. Soc. 1859–60 4 203 On the greater part of this farm are the usual indices of tenant farming.
1887 Edinb. Rev. Oct. 301 In Rhône..tenant-farming is unprofitable.
1891 Daily News 11 Dec. 6/4 He came of a tenant farming race.
tenant-occupier n.
ΚΠ
1906 Westm. Gaz. 7 Nov. 9/2 Entitled to be on the list as the tenant-occupier of a dwelling-house, being part of a house, and such part being separately occupied.
tenant-purchaser n.
ΚΠ
1895 J. E. Redmond in 19th Cent. Dec. 913 The tenant-purchasers have been remarkably punctual in their payments.
tenant-soul n.
C2.
tenant-sted adj. Scottish occupied by a tenant.
ΘΚΠ
society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > tenure of property > a legal holding > [adjective] > held in leasehold or by tenant
rented1581
tenementarya1641
tenant-sted1710
leasehold1731
tenemental1766
tenanted1886
1710 J. Lauder Decisions (1761) II. 568 The rest of the rooms were lying waste, and this was only tenant-sted.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

tenantv.

Brit. /ˈtɛnənt/, U.S. /ˈtɛnənt/
Etymology: < tenant n.
1.
a. transitive. To hold as tenant, to be the tenant of (land, a house, etc.); esp. to occupy, inhabit.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > [verb (transitive)]
wonOE
erdeOE
inwonea1300
inhabitc1374
indwell1382
occupya1387
biga1400
endwellc1420
possessc1450
purprise1481
people1490
dwell1520
accompany?c1525
replenishc1540
populate1578
habit1580
inhabitate1600
tenant1635
improvec1650
manure1698
society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > tenure of property > have tenure of or hold as tenant [verb (transitive)]
manure1423
tenant1635
1635 W. Habington Castara (ed. 2) iii. 195 To the cold humble hermitage (Not tenanted but by discoloured age).
?1677 S. Primatt City & Covntry Purchaser & Builder 34 Houses..without Tenants, decay sooner than those which are Tenanted.
1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 107. ⁋5 The greatest Part of Sir Roger's Estate is tenanted by Persons who have served himself or his Ancestors.
1795 R. Southey Vision Maid of Orleans i. 96 Damsel, look here! survey this house of death; O soon to tenant it.
1830 C. Lyell Princ. Geol. (1872) I. i. xiv. 300 Birds, quadrupeds, and reptiles, which tenanted the fertile region.
1855 Ld. Tennyson Brook in Maud & Other Poems 113 We bought the farm we tenanted before.
b. figurative. To occupy, fill, take up (a space, etc.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > space > place > presence > fact of taking up space > take up (space or a place) [verb (transitive)]
hold1297
occupyc1384
purprise1481
furnishc1500
people1597
possess1604
enharbour1613
tenant1670
1670 J. Newburgh in J. Evelyn Pomona 54 in Sylva (ed. 2) A Barrel newly tenanted by small Beer.
1806 J. Beresford Miseries Human Life I. vi. 113 A pair of boundless slippers that have been tenanted by a thousand feet.
1873 R. Broughton Nancy II. 183 Alternate clouds and sunshine tenant the sky.
2. intransitive. To reside, dwell, live in. rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > [verb (intransitive)]
wonc725
erdec893
siteOE
liveeOE
to make one's woningc960
through-wonOE
bigc1175
walkc1225
inwonea1300
lenda1300
lenga1300
lingera1300
erthec1300
stallc1315
lasta1325
lodge1362
habit?a1366
breeda1375
inhabitc1374
indwella1382
to have one's mansionc1385
to take (up) one's inn (or inns)a1400
keepc1400
repairc1400
to have (also hold, keep, make) one's residencec1405
to hold (also keep, make, take, etc.) one's mansiona1425
winc1425
to make (one's) residence1433
resort1453
abidec1475
use1488
remaina1500
demur1523
to keep one's house1523
occupy1523
reside1523
enerdc1540
kennel1552
bower1596
to have (also hold, keep, make) residence1597
subsist1618
mansiona1638
tenant1650
fastena1657
hospitate1681
wont1692
stay1754
to hang out1811
home1832
habitate1866
1650 A. Weldon Court & Char. King James 133 Surely never so many brave parts, and so base and abject a spirit tenanted together in any one earthen Cottage.
1851 S. Warren Lily & Bee ii. 190 A sparrow..In yonder tree he tenanteth alone.
3. transitive. To let out to a tenant or tenants. rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > selling > hiring or letting out > hire or rent out [verb (transitive)] > let or lease land or house
to let (also put, set, etc.) (out ,forth) to (alsoin, for) farma1325
set1422
rent1530
farm1576
to farm out1576
vent1603
tenant1721
arrenta1754
1721 J. Strype Eccl. Memorials I. xvi. 123 Three acres more he converted into a highway..; and the rest he tenanted out.
1776 A. Smith Inq. Wealth of Nations II. v. iii. 570 The lands in America and the West Indies, indeed, are in general not tenanted or leased out to farmers.

Derivatives

ˈtenanted adj. held by a tenant or tenants, occupied.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > [adjective]
inhabitate?a1475
peopleda1475
occupied1483
biggitc1485
denizened1557
inhabited1576
dwelt1610
populated1662
unabandoned1745
undeserted1792
empeopled1801
habited1866
lived-in1873
tenanted1886
society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > tenure of property > a legal holding > [adjective] > held in leasehold or by tenant
rented1581
tenementarya1641
tenant-sted1710
leasehold1731
tenemental1766
tenanted1886
1886 Pall Mall Gaz. 22 Apr. 8/2 The immediate landlord of any tenanted estate.
1903 J. Morley Life Gladstone I. i. ii. 38 An eager pilgrimage to the newly tenanted grave of his hero.
ˈtenanting n. and adj.
ˈtenanter n. one who tenants, an occupant.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > possession > possessor > [noun]
havereOE
holderc1350
possessionerc1384
mastera1393
possessorc1425
possessiantc1540
possident1610
havea1739
tenanter1798
have-got1897
1798 J. Hucks Poems 43 The little family of hope, The young-ey'd tenanters of happiness.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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