单词 | tenant |
释义 | tenantn. 1. Law. a. One who holds or possesses lands or tenements by any kind of title. (In English Law implying a lord, of whom the tenant holds.) ΘΚΠ society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > tenure of property > one who has tenure > [noun] tenantc1330 landholder1414 terre-tenant1439 manurerc1500 tenurer1660 land-occupier1829 1292 Britton i. i. §13 En counteez et hundrez et en Court de chescun fraunc tenaunt.] c1330 R. Mannyng Chron. (1810) 19 Adelwolf of Westsex, after his fadere dede, At Chestre sette his parlement, his tenantz þerto bede. c1375 Lay Folks Mass Bk. (MS. B.) 369 Oure frendes, tenandes, & seruandes. c1380 Eng. Wycliffite Serm. in Sel. Wks. I. 22 Oþir tenauntis of þe lord shal receyve me into þere housis. c1460 J. Fortescue Governance of Eng. (1885) x. 134 By escheittes þer mey not so muche lande fall to any man as to þe kyng, by cause þat no man hath so many tenantes as he. a1525 (c1448) R. Holland Bk. Howlat l. 609 in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1925) II. 114 And Ilk scheld in yat place Thar tennend or man was. 1563 2nd Tome Homelyes Rogation Week iv, in J. Griffiths Two Bks. Homilies (1859) ii. 496 Whereby the lord's records, (which be the tenant's evidences,) be perverted..sometime to the disheriting of the right owner. 1597 W. Shakespeare Richard III iv. iv. 411 Where are thy tennants? and thy followers? View more context for this quotation 1607 J. Cowell Interpreter sig. Sss3v Tenant, aliâs tenent,..him that possesseth lands, or tenements by any kind of right, be it in fee, for life, or for yeares. 1766 W. Blackstone Comm. Laws Eng. II. v. 59 The thing holden is therefore styled a tenement, the possessors thereof tenants, and the manner of their possession a tenure. 1827 H. Hallam Constit. Hist. Eng. I. ix. 592 The military tenants were frequently called upon in expeditions against Scotland, and last of all in that of 1640. a1832 A. Polson Eng. Law in Encycl. Metrop. (1845) II. 828/1 He is called tenant [in fee simple] in virtue of the doctrine..which treats the king as the universal landlord—a doctrine so far recognised by our law, that in corporeal inheritances..the tenant in fee simple is formally styled as being seised in his demesne as of fee. b. With qualifications indicating the species of tenure, the relation between lord and tenant, etc., as customary tenant, kindly tenant, mesne tenant, several tenant, sole tenant, very tenant: see the adjectives. Also joint-tenant n.; tenant in burgage, tenant in capite, tenant in chief, tenant in common, tenant by courtesy, tenant in dower, tenant paravail, etc.: see these words, and quots. here. tenant through law of England = tenant by courtesy; tenant to the praecipe, a tenant against whom the writ præcipe was brought, being one to whom an entailed estate had been granted by the owner in order that it might be alienated by a recovery; see recovery n. 1.See also tenant at will n. ΘΚΠ society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > tenure of property > one who has tenure > [noun] > leaseholder or tenant kindly tenanta1325 tenant1377 mailer1392 farmer1414 renter1444 takerc1450 fee-farmer1468 lessee1495 mail-man?a1500 tacksman1533 land-tenant1543 rentaller1553 fermerera1572 tenementer1574 mail-payer1597 inholdera1599 feu-farmer1609 leaseholder1858 leaser1877 a1325 Statutes of Realm (2011) vii. 39 Þat is iseid for women holdinde in dowere, ant tenauns þoru lawe of Yngelonde. 1461 Rolls of Parl. V. 485/2 The same halfendele..enjoye to hym, for terme of his lyf, as Tenaunt by the Curtesie. 1475 Rolls of Parl. VI. 149/1 That the said Maude have..actions by Writts of Dower,..ayenst all persones Tenaunt or Tenauntes of the Frehold. 1495 Rolls of Parl. VI. 508/2 Discontinuances made by Tenauntes in Dower. 1602 E. Coke Rep. iii. Case of Fines 88 Entant qu'il ne fuit tenant al Precipe.] 1607 J. Cowell Interpreter sig. Sss3v Tenent per Statute Merchant.., that holdeth land by vertue of a statute forfeited vnto him... Tenent in frankmariage.., he that holdeth land or tenements by reason of a gift thereof made vnto him vpon marriage, betweene him and his wife... Tenent per elegit.., that holdeth by vertue of a writ termed Elegit. Tenent in mortgage.., that holdeth by vertue of a mortgage. Tenent by the Verge in auncient demesn..is he that is admitted by the rod in the court of auncient demesne. Tenent by the copy of court rolle, is one admitted Tenent of any Lands, &c. within a maner, that time out of the memorie of man, by the vse and custome of the said maner... Tenent by Charter, is he that holdeth by the feofment in writing or other deede... Tenent in cheife.., he that houldeth of the King in right of his crowne... Very tenent.., he that houldeth immediately of his Lord... For if there be lord Mesn. and Tenent, the Tenent is very Tenent to the mesn, but not to the Lord aboue... Ioynt-tenents.., they that haue equall right in lands..by vertue of one title... Tenents in common, be they that haue equall right, but hold by diuers titles... Sole tenent.., he that hath none other ioyned with him... Seuerall tenent, is opposite to ioynt tenents or tenents in common... Tenent al præcipe, is he, against whom the writ (Præcipe) is to be brought... Tenent in demesn.., is he that holdeth the demeans of a maner for a rent without seruice. Tenent in seruice.., is he that holdeth by seruice... Tenent by execution.., that holdeth land by vertue of an execution vpon any statute, recognisance, &c. 1818 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. (ed. 2) V. 333 So that he could make a good tenant to the præcipe. 1827 T. Jarman Powell's Ess. Learning of Devises (ed. 3) II. 113 It was held that the reversion in the settled lands passed, although the wife was tenant for life, and the daughter tenant in tail, in those lands under the settlement. 1844 J. Stephen Ess. Eccl. Biogr. (1850) I. 26 And held them [their crowns and mitres]..immediately, as tenants in capite, from the one legitimate representative of the great postle. 1863 H. Cox Inst. Eng. Govt. i. iii. 11 The right of all tenants-in-chief of the Crown..to be summoned to a common council of the realm. 2. One who holds a piece of land, a house, etc., by lease for a term of years or a set time. (The ordinary current sense. Correlative to landlord.) ΘΚΠ society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > tenure of property > one who has tenure > [noun] > leaseholder or tenant kindly tenanta1325 tenant1377 mailer1392 farmer1414 renter1444 takerc1450 fee-farmer1468 lessee1495 mail-man?a1500 tacksman1533 land-tenant1543 rentaller1553 fermerera1572 tenementer1574 mail-payer1597 inholdera1599 feu-farmer1609 leaseholder1858 leaser1877 1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xv. 305 To take of her tenauntz more þan treuth wolde. c1380 J. Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 414 He begges not þis rent of þo lordis tenaunte. 1479–81 in H. Littlehales Medieval Rec. London City Church (1905) 110 Yevyn to ther tenauntes at the Receyvyng of the Rentes, and in potacions amonge them..x s. v d. ?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. xxxviiiv Than shall his ferm be twyse so gode in profet to the tenant as it was before. 1526 Bible (Tyndale) Mark xii. f. lxij When tyme was come he sentt to the tennauntes a servaunt that he myght of the tenauntes receave of the frute of the vyneyarde. 1631 tr. J. A. Comenius Porta Linguarum Reserata xxxii. §386 To whom grounds, lands, farms, and manours are set out, he is a farmer: to whom a village is credited or giuen in trust, is a bayliffe and a tenant. 1770 ‘Junius’ Stat Nominis Umbra (1772) II. xxxvi. 70 Like broken tenants, who have had warning to quit the premises. 1839 C. Dickens Nicholas Nickleby xvi. 139 Of this chamber Nicholas became the tenant; and having..paid the first week's hire in advance [etc.]. 1911 N.E.D. at Tenant Mod. (title) The Law of Landlord and Tenant. 3. transferred and figurative. One who or that which inhabits or occupies any place; a denizen, inhabitant, occupant, dweller. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > [noun] maneOE wonnera1340 dwellera1382 livera1382 indweller1382 resiant1405 inhabitor1413 inhabitera1425 tenanta1425 abider1440 citizenc1450 inhabitant1462 resident1463 denizen1474 inhabitator?a1475 mansionarya1475 habitant1490 incolera1513 occupier?1542 land-occupier1576 residentiary1581 burgessa1586 incolant1596 consistorian1599 ledger1600 resider1632 residenter1644 habitator1646 endwellera1649 incolary1652 incolist1657 insetter1712 houser1871 a1425 (c1395) Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) (Royal) (1850) Job xix. 15 The tenauntis of myn hows, and myn handmaydis hadden me as a straunger. 1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet v. i. 44 That [sc. the gallows] out-liues a thousand tenants. 1728 J. Thomson Spring 39 While thus the gentle Tenants of the Shade Indulge their purer Loves. 1764 O. Goldsmith Traveller 4 The shudd'ring tenant of the frigid zone. 1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth V. 295 One of the most splendid tenants of the Mexican forests. 1799 T. Campbell Pleasures of Hope & Other Poems i. 268 The dim-eyed tenant of the dungeon gloom. 1827 W. Scott Highland Widow in Chron. Canongate 1st Ser. I. xii. 271 As if sorrow, or even deep thought, should as short a while as possible be the tenant of the soldier's bosom. 1879 Daily News 27 Sept. 6/3 Tenants of our British waters. 1882 Daily Tel. 19 May Mr. Bettesworth was the incoming tenant [i.e. batsman], and, after some slow play, the 50 went up. Compounds C1. General attributive tenant-right n. a. tenant-holding n. holding n. 3a. ΚΠ 1591 in A. McKay Hist. Kilmarnock (1880) 359 We give and grant all the tenant-holdings, free holdings [etc.]. tenant-risk n. ΚΠ 1880 A. Arnold Free Land 68 Tenant-risk and the absence of tenant-right have contributed to drive capital away from agriculture. tenant-system n. ΚΠ 1906 Daily Chron. 13 Sept. 5/7 The canteen is run on the tenant system. b. Appositive. tenant-cultivator n. tenant farm n. tenant-farm n. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > [verb (transitive)] > types of farming share-farm1903 tenant-farm1949 the world > food and drink > farming > farm > [noun] > rented or loaned farm mailingc1442 loan-farm1804 loan-place1844 mass1854 tenant-farm1949 1949 Time 27 June 84/2 The 1,600 acres he tenant-farms. 1979 P. Theroux Old Patagonian Express xvii. 263 These are tenant farms..these people own nothing but the clothes on their backs. tenant-farmer n. ΚΠ 1748 S. Richardson Clarissa V. xxiv. 208 Attended by Susan Morrison, a tenant-farmer's daughter. 1860 All Year Round 1 Sept. 485 Those down-trodden vassals, the tenant farmers. tenant-farming n. and adj. ΚΠ 1861 Trans. Illinois State Agric. Soc. 1859–60 4 203 On the greater part of this farm are the usual indices of tenant farming. 1887 Edinb. Rev. Oct. 301 In Rhône..tenant-farming is unprofitable. 1891 Daily News 11 Dec. 6/4 He came of a tenant farming race. tenant-occupier n. ΚΠ 1906 Westm. Gaz. 7 Nov. 9/2 Entitled to be on the list as the tenant-occupier of a dwelling-house, being part of a house, and such part being separately occupied. tenant-purchaser n. ΚΠ 1895 J. E. Redmond in 19th Cent. Dec. 913 The tenant-purchasers have been remarkably punctual in their payments. tenant-soul n. C2. tenant-sted adj. Scottish occupied by a tenant. ΘΚΠ society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > tenure of property > a legal holding > [adjective] > held in leasehold or by tenant rented1581 tenementarya1641 tenant-sted1710 leasehold1731 tenemental1766 tenanted1886 1710 J. Lauder Decisions (1761) II. 568 The rest of the rooms were lying waste, and this was only tenant-sted. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online March 2022). tenantv. 1. a. transitive. To hold as tenant, to be the tenant of (land, a house, etc.); esp. to occupy, inhabit. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > [verb (transitive)] wonOE erdeOE inwonea1300 inhabitc1374 indwell1382 occupya1387 biga1400 endwellc1420 possessc1450 purprise1481 people1490 dwell1520 accompany?c1525 replenishc1540 populate1578 habit1580 inhabitate1600 tenant1635 improvec1650 manure1698 society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > tenure of property > have tenure of or hold as tenant [verb (transitive)] manure1423 tenant1635 1635 W. Habington Castara (ed. 2) iii. 195 To the cold humble hermitage (Not tenanted but by discoloured age). ?1677 S. Primatt City & Covntry Purchaser & Builder 34 Houses..without Tenants, decay sooner than those which are Tenanted. 1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 107. ⁋5 The greatest Part of Sir Roger's Estate is tenanted by Persons who have served himself or his Ancestors. 1795 R. Southey Vision Maid of Orleans i. 96 Damsel, look here! survey this house of death; O soon to tenant it. 1830 C. Lyell Princ. Geol. (1872) I. i. xiv. 300 Birds, quadrupeds, and reptiles, which tenanted the fertile region. 1855 Ld. Tennyson Brook in Maud & Other Poems 113 We bought the farm we tenanted before. b. figurative. To occupy, fill, take up (a space, etc.). ΘΚΠ the world > space > place > presence > fact of taking up space > take up (space or a place) [verb (transitive)] hold1297 occupyc1384 purprise1481 furnishc1500 people1597 possess1604 enharbour1613 tenant1670 1670 J. Newburgh in J. Evelyn Pomona 54 in Sylva (ed. 2) A Barrel newly tenanted by small Beer. 1806 J. Beresford Miseries Human Life I. vi. 113 A pair of boundless slippers that have been tenanted by a thousand feet. 1873 R. Broughton Nancy II. 183 Alternate clouds and sunshine tenant the sky. 2. intransitive. To reside, dwell, live in. rare. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > [verb (intransitive)] wonc725 erdec893 siteOE liveeOE to make one's woningc960 through-wonOE bigc1175 walkc1225 inwonea1300 lenda1300 lenga1300 lingera1300 erthec1300 stallc1315 lasta1325 lodge1362 habit?a1366 breeda1375 inhabitc1374 indwella1382 to have one's mansionc1385 to take (up) one's inn (or inns)a1400 keepc1400 repairc1400 to have (also hold, keep, make) one's residencec1405 to hold (also keep, make, take, etc.) one's mansiona1425 winc1425 to make (one's) residence1433 resort1453 abidec1475 use1488 remaina1500 demur1523 to keep one's house1523 occupy1523 reside1523 enerdc1540 kennel1552 bower1596 to have (also hold, keep, make) residence1597 subsist1618 mansiona1638 tenant1650 fastena1657 hospitate1681 wont1692 stay1754 to hang out1811 home1832 habitate1866 1650 A. Weldon Court & Char. King James 133 Surely never so many brave parts, and so base and abject a spirit tenanted together in any one earthen Cottage. 1851 S. Warren Lily & Bee ii. 190 A sparrow..In yonder tree he tenanteth alone. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > selling > hiring or letting out > hire or rent out [verb (transitive)] > let or lease land or house to let (also put, set, etc.) (out ,forth) to (alsoin, for) farma1325 set1422 rent1530 farm1576 to farm out1576 vent1603 tenant1721 arrenta1754 1721 J. Strype Eccl. Memorials I. xvi. 123 Three acres more he converted into a highway..; and the rest he tenanted out. 1776 A. Smith Inq. Wealth of Nations II. v. iii. 570 The lands in America and the West Indies, indeed, are in general not tenanted or leased out to farmers. Derivatives ˈtenanted adj. held by a tenant or tenants, occupied. ΘΚΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabited place > [adjective] inhabitate?a1475 peopleda1475 occupied1483 biggitc1485 denizened1557 inhabited1576 dwelt1610 populated1662 unabandoned1745 undeserted1792 empeopled1801 habited1866 lived-in1873 tenanted1886 society > law > legal right > right of possession or ownership > tenure of property > a legal holding > [adjective] > held in leasehold or by tenant rented1581 tenementarya1641 tenant-sted1710 leasehold1731 tenemental1766 tenanted1886 1886 Pall Mall Gaz. 22 Apr. 8/2 The immediate landlord of any tenanted estate. 1903 J. Morley Life Gladstone I. i. ii. 38 An eager pilgrimage to the newly tenanted grave of his hero. ˈtenanting n. and adj. ˈtenanter n. one who tenants, an occupant. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > possessor > [noun] havereOE holderc1350 possessionerc1384 mastera1393 possessorc1425 possessiantc1540 possident1610 havea1739 tenanter1798 have-got1897 1798 J. Hucks Poems 43 The little family of hope, The young-ey'd tenanters of happiness. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1325v.1635 |
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