Achaeann.adj.

Brit.

/əˈkiːən/, U.S.

/əˈkiən/

Forms:

α. 1500s Achayan, 1500s– Achaian, 1900s– Akhaian.

β. 1600s– Achaean, 1600s– Achean.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Partly a borrowing from Greek, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin Achaeus , -an suffix; Greek Ἀχαιός , -an suffix.

Etymology: < classical Latin Achaeus of or connected with Achaea, Greek, Grecian and its etymon ancient Greek Ἀχαιός < Ἀχαία (classical Latin Achāia, in post-classical Latin also Achaea (12th cent., rare), modern Greek Αχαΐα) the name of the region of Achaea, in Homer also used more generally as a name for Greece + -an suffix.Achaea occurs as a place name in English contexts from Old English onwards (in various forms, including Old English Achaie, Achie, and Old English, Middle English, and modern English Achaia; the form Achaea is attested from the end of the 16th cent.).

A. n.

A native or inhabitant of Achaea, a region of ancient Greece on the north coast of the Peloponnese.

ΘΚΠ

the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > native or inhabitant of ancient or medieval Europe > ancient Greeks and neighbours > [noun] > native or inhabitant of states, regions, or cities

Thebienc1374

Spartiatec1384

myrmidonc1425

Spartanc1425

Phocianc1487

Argive?1532

Locrian1536

Locrensian1542

Achaean1550

Mantinean1550

Mytilenean1550

Tegeate1584

Pylian1585

Epidaurian?1589

Thessalian1608

Olympian1609

Sicyonian1642

Samothracian1653

Dorian1662

Attic1699

Tegean1709

1550 T. Nicolls tr. Thucydides Hist. Peloponnesian War ii. ii. f. xlviii The cytyes that toke partye, with the Lacedemonyans..were all the Peloponesyans..within the distrayte, excepte the Argiues, and the Achayans [Fr. les Achees], who were frendes, as well of the one, as of the other.

1568 E. Tilney Brief Disc. Mariage (new ed.) sig. Dviij Among the Achaians, women had such soueraigntie, that whatsoeuer they commaunded, their Husbandes obeyed.

1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 1038 Chiefest man of all the Achaians.

1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 315 The Achæans had this degre in high estimat.

1676 T. Hobbes tr. Homer Iliads ii. 28 The rest That in the Army of th' Achæans were.

1715 A. Pope tr. Homer Iliad I. ii. 834 Th' Achaians, Myrmidons, Helleneans bear.

1791 W. Cowper tr. Homer Iliad in Iliad & Odyssey I. ii. 188 Is it thus at last That the Achaians..Shall seek again their country, leaving here, To be the vaunt of Ilium and her King, Helen of Argos?

1833 Penny Cycl. I. 82/1 The history of the Achæans forms an inconsiderable part of the general history of Greece till about b.c. 251.

1887 C. Bowen tr. Virgil Æneid ii, in tr. Virgil in Eng. Verse 127 [He] girds on the Achæan's glittering glaive.

1956 J. Forsdyke Greece before Homer iv. 83 There is not yet any reason beyond the resemblance in the place-name to connect the people of Ahhiyawa with the Achaians of Greece.

1991 P. James et al. Cent. of Darkness (1992) 70 Diplomatic relations between the Achaeans of mainland Greece and the kingdoms of Anatolia may be indicated by references to the land of Ahhiyawa in the archives of the Hittites.

B. adj.

Of or relating to Achaea.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Europe > Greece > [adjective]

Locrian1559

Achaean1567

Argive1598

Attic1599

the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Europe > Greece > [adjective] > regions of Greece

Macedonc1450

Olympian1523

Ionian?1556

Macedonian1556

Achaean1567

Peloponnesian1569

Molossian1587

Thessalian1594

Thracian1594

Olympic1597

Argive1598

Attic1599

isthmian1603

Pharsalian1605

Aonian1607

Attical1610

Phocian1614

Messenianc1615

Marathonian1623

Bœotic1851

Athoan1869

Thraco-Illyrian1931

Athonite1963

1567 G. Turberville tr. Ovid Heroycall Epist. 14^v In all the Achaian soile.

1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 126 The Achaian Harts are said to haue their gall in their tailes.

1676 T. Hobbes tr. Homer Iliads ii. 33 These were the Leaders of th' Achean forces.

1736 tr. C. Rollin Anc. Hist. VII. 341 He had engaged his city in the Achæan league.

1788 Pennsylvania Gaz. 23 Jan. 1/2 After the death of Alexander, the Achean League was formed.

1835 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece I. 87 Xuthus..through his sons, Ion and Achæus..was considered as the forefather of the Achæan and the Ionian tribes.

1878 W. E. Gladstone Homer 125 The Achaian assemblies were in general regularly summoned by the heralds.

1925 G. Murray tr. Aeschylus Eumenides p. viii That glorified Achaean chieftain who was King of gods and men in the ordinary Homeric tradition.

1991 P. James et al. Cent. of Darkness (1992) i. 18 The Shardana, Teresh, Shekelesh and Ekwesh mentioned in 19th Dynasty texts were frequently identified..with the early Sardinians, Etruscans, Sicilians and Achaean Greeks.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	achaean
释义	Achaeann.adj. Brit. /əˈkiːən/, U.S. /əˈkiən/ Forms: α. 1500s Achayan, 1500s– Achaian, 1900s– Akhaian. β. 1600s– Achaean, 1600s– Achean. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin, combined with an English element. Partly a borrowing from Greek, combined with an English element. Etymons: Latin Achaeus , -an suffix; Greek Ἀχαιός , -an suffix. Etymology: < classical Latin Achaeus of or connected with Achaea, Greek, Grecian and its etymon ancient Greek Ἀχαιός < Ἀχαία (classical Latin Achāia, in post-classical Latin also Achaea (12th cent., rare), modern Greek Αχαΐα) the name of the region of Achaea, in Homer also used more generally as a name for Greece + -an suffix.Achaea occurs as a place name in English contexts from Old English onwards (in various forms, including Old English Achaie, Achie, and Old English, Middle English, and modern English Achaia; the form Achaea is attested from the end of the 16th cent.). A. n. A native or inhabitant of Achaea, a region of ancient Greece on the north coast of the Peloponnese. ΘΚΠ the world > people > nations > native or inhabitant of Europe > native or inhabitant of ancient or medieval Europe > ancient Greeks and neighbours > [noun] > native or inhabitant of states, regions, or cities Thebienc1374 Spartiatec1384 myrmidonc1425 Spartanc1425 Phocianc1487 Argive?1532 Locrian1536 Locrensian1542 Achaean1550 Mantinean1550 Mytilenean1550 Tegeate1584 Pylian1585 Epidaurian?1589 Thessalian1608 Olympian1609 Sicyonian1642 Samothracian1653 Dorian1662 Attic1699 Tegean1709 1550 T. Nicolls tr. Thucydides Hist. Peloponnesian War ii. ii. f. xlviii The cytyes that toke partye, with the Lacedemonyans..were all the Peloponesyans..within the distrayte, excepte the Argiues, and the Achayans [Fr. les Achees], who were frendes, as well of the one, as of the other. 1568 E. Tilney Brief Disc. Mariage (new ed.) sig. Dviij Among the Achaians, women had such soueraigntie, that whatsoeuer they commaunded, their Husbandes obeyed. 1579 T. North tr. Plutarch Liues 1038 Chiefest man of all the Achaians. 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 315 The Achæans had this degre in high estimat. 1676 T. Hobbes tr. Homer Iliads ii. 28 The rest That in the Army of th' Achæans were. 1715 A. Pope tr. Homer Iliad I. ii. 834 Th' Achaians, Myrmidons, Helleneans bear. 1791 W. Cowper tr. Homer Iliad in Iliad & Odyssey I. ii. 188 Is it thus at last That the Achaians..Shall seek again their country, leaving here, To be the vaunt of Ilium and her King, Helen of Argos? 1833 Penny Cycl. I. 82/1 The history of the Achæans forms an inconsiderable part of the general history of Greece till about b.c. 251. 1887 C. Bowen tr. Virgil Æneid ii, in tr. Virgil in Eng. Verse 127 [He] girds on the Achæan's glittering glaive. 1956 J. Forsdyke Greece before Homer iv. 83 There is not yet any reason beyond the resemblance in the place-name to connect the people of Ahhiyawa with the Achaians of Greece. 1991 P. James et al. Cent. of Darkness (1992) 70 Diplomatic relations between the Achaeans of mainland Greece and the kingdoms of Anatolia may be indicated by references to the land of Ahhiyawa in the archives of the Hittites. B. adj. Of or relating to Achaea. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Europe > Greece > [adjective] Locrian1559 Achaean1567 Argive1598 Attic1599 the world > the earth > named regions of earth > Europe > Greece > [adjective] > regions of Greece Macedonc1450 Olympian1523 Ionian?1556 Macedonian1556 Achaean1567 Peloponnesian1569 Molossian1587 Thessalian1594 Thracian1594 Olympic1597 Argive1598 Attic1599 isthmian1603 Pharsalian1605 Aonian1607 Attical1610 Phocian1614 Messenianc1615 Marathonian1623 Bœotic1851 Athoan1869 Thraco-Illyrian1931 Athonite1963 1567 G. Turberville tr. Ovid Heroycall Epist. 14^v In all the Achaian soile. 1607 E. Topsell Hist. Foure-footed Beastes 126 The Achaian Harts are said to haue their gall in their tailes. 1676 T. Hobbes tr. Homer Iliads ii. 33 These were the Leaders of th' Achean forces. 1736 tr. C. Rollin Anc. Hist. VII. 341 He had engaged his city in the Achæan league. 1788 Pennsylvania Gaz. 23 Jan. 1/2 After the death of Alexander, the Achean League was formed. 1835 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece I. 87 Xuthus..through his sons, Ion and Achæus..was considered as the forefather of the Achæan and the Ionian tribes. 1878 W. E. Gladstone Homer 125 The Achaian assemblies were in general regularly summoned by the heralds. 1925 G. Murray tr. Aeschylus Eumenides p. viii That glorified Achaean chieftain who was King of gods and men in the ordinary Homeric tradition. 1991 P. James et al. Cent. of Darkness (1992) i. 18 The Shardana, Teresh, Shekelesh and Ekwesh mentioned in 19th Dynasty texts were frequently identified..with the early Sardinians, Etruscans, Sicilians and Achaean Greeks. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1550
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