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单词 temple
释义

templen.1

/ˈtɛmp(ə)l/
Forms: Old English–Middle English templ, tempel, (Middle English Orm. temmple), Middle English– temple. Also Middle English tempel, tempele, tempile, tempille, ( templee), Middle English–1500s tempil(l, tempyll, Middle English tempyl(e, tempul, Middle English–1500s tempull(e, 1500s tempell.
Etymology: Old English templ, tempel, < Latin templum; reinforced in Middle English by French temple (10th cent. in Godefroy Compl.) = Provençal temple, Spanish templo, Portuguese templo, Italian tempio < Latin templum.
I. A building with sacred significance.
1. An edifice or place regarded primarily as the dwelling-place or ‘house’ of a deity or deities; hence, an edifice devoted to divine worship.
a. In a general sense. (Often, as in quot. c8251, going back to a specific use.) cave-temple or cavern-temple, a natural cave used as a temple.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > artefacts > sanctuary or holy place > temple > [noun]
templec825
minsterc1175
washing-templea1382
sacraryc1384
fane14..
naos1775
c825 Vesp. Psalter xlvii. 10 We onfengun god mildheortnisse ðine in midle temples ðines.
c825 Vesp. Psalter lxxviii. 1 Tempel halig ðin.
14.. in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 626/2 Tempulle, templum.
c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 1061 Chapel ne temple þat euer watz set.
1526 Bible (Tyndale) Acts vii. 48 But he that is hyest of all dweleth not in temples made with hondes.
1529 T. More Dialogue Heresyes i God is as myghtye in the stable as in the temple.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Tempest (1623) iv. i. 153 The Clowd-capt Towres, the gorgeous Pallaces, The solemne Temples, the great Globe it selfe..shall dissolue.
1642 T. Fuller Holy State iii. xxiv. 219 Take Temple for a covered standing structure, and the Jews had none till the time of Solomon.
1832 B. Disraeli Contarini Fleming IV. v. iv. 30 There is not a more beautiful and solemn temple in the world, than the great Cathedral of Seville.
1837 J. C. Prichard Res. Physical Hist. Mankind (ed. 3) II. 243 The great cavern-temple of Tulzis.
a1845 Syd. Smith in Lady Holland Mem. (1855) I. iii. 55 The true Christian..loves the good, under whatever temple, at whatever altar he may find them.
1850 J. Leitch tr. K. O. Müller Ancient Art (new ed.) §52. 26 The simplest temples (σηκοὶ) of the primitive ages were merely hollow trees in which images were placed.
b. Historically applied to the sacred buildings of the Egyptians, Greeks, Romans, and other ancient nations; now, to those of Hinduism, Buddhism, Confucianism, Taoism, Shintoism, and the ethnic religions generally.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > artefacts > sanctuary or holy place > temple > [noun] > of ancient nations or ethnic religions
temple971
971 Blickl. Hom. 221 He manig templ & deofolgyld gebræc & gefylde.
c1000 Ælfric Homilies II. 574 [Hi] ðam fela templa arærdon.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 5076 Alle þa templen [c1300 Otho temples]. þe þa heðene hafden itimbrid.
1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 318 A temple hii vovnde vair inou & a maumet amidde.
c1480 (a1400) St. John Evangelist 293 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) I. 117 Þe tempil of dyane.
c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 1358 All tight to þe tempull of þere tore goddes.
1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1888) I. 135 (margin) Tempilis & places of sacrifice to prophane Godis.
1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 205 The Citie [sc. Meaco in Japan] has seuenty Temples, in one of which are set three thousand three hundred thirty three gilded Idols.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost i. 402 The wisest heart Of Solomon he [sc. Moloch] led by fraud to build His Temple right against the Temple of God. View more context for this quotation
1757 tr. J. G. Keyssler Trav. II. 305 The temple of the Sibylla Tiburtina spoken of by Lactantius.
1860 J. Gardner Faiths World II. 588/2 Pagoda..In Hindustan, Burmah, and China..implies a temple in which idols are worshipped.
1860 J. Gardner Faiths World II. 894/1 Their [Taoists] priests live in the temples, and are supported by the produce of the grounds attached to the establishment.
c. spec. The sacred edifice (or any one of the successive edifices) at Jerusalem, the ‘House of the Lord’, and seat of the Jewish worship of Jehovah.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > artefacts > sanctuary or holy place > temple > [noun] > Jewish
templec897
great housea1382
tabernacle1388
c897 K. Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care xxxvi. 252 Þa stanas on ðæm mæran temple Salomonnes wæron ær swæ wel gefegede.
971 Blickl. Hom. 27 He hine asette ofer þæs temples scylf.
c1000 West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) iv. 5 Ða gebrohte se deofol hine..and asette hine ofer þæs temples heahnesse.
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 11880 Te deofell brohhte crist. Vpp o þatt hallȝhe temmple.
c1325 Metr. Hom. 75 In the temple fand thai than Seynt Symeon.
c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Matt. xxi. 12 Jhesus entride in to the temple of God.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) l. 13745 Ihesu..say noon in þe tempul leued.
c1460 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Laud) l. 10946 Zakarie to tempille yede.
1533 J. Gau tr. C. Pedersen Richt Vay sig. Cvi The rewlers of the tempil and the cheif prestis.
1611 Bible (King James) John viii. 2 Earely in the morning hee came againe into the Temple . View more context for this quotation
1877 J. C. Geikie Life & Words Christ II. lvii. 440 The Temple..was built of white stones of great size—the length of each about thirty-seven and a half feet, some even forty-five feet.
d. transferred and figurative.
ΚΠ
1609 J. Donne Lett. (1651) 116 Friendship..hath in it so much divinity, that..we must sepose some certain times for the outward service thereof..that time to me towards you is Tuesday, and my Temple, the Rose in Smith-field.
1771 ‘Junius’ Stat Nominis Umbra (1772) II. lix. 275 The temple of fame is the shortest passage to riches and preferment.
1860 J. Tyndall Glaciers of Alps i. ii. 19 A temple of science now in ruins.
1877 J. C. Geikie Life & Words Christ I. xxxi. 528 The true worship has its temple in the inmost soul.
1879 J. Stainer Music of Bible 5 Whose temple of worship was the canopy of heaven.
e. A Jewish synagogue; now spec. the place of worship of Reform (and some Conservative) Jews. Now chiefly U.S.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > artefacts > sanctuary or holy place > synagogue > [noun]
synagoguec1175
habitation1535
temple1598
church1727
shul1816
1598 J. Stow Suruay of London 277 But that this house hath beene a Temple or Jewish Sinagogue..I allow not.
1830 Monthly Intelligence May 75/2 There is at Frankfort..a considerable body of Jews, belonging to what is called the ‘New Temple’... Mr. Moritz mentions having visited their Temple.
1850 G. Aguilar Vale of Cedars v. 27 The little temple was erected..and the solemn rites of their peculiar faith adhered to.
1914 I. Cohen Jewish Life Mod. Times xi. 287 So occidentalized has the Reform temple become that a visitor at first sight can hardly distinguish whether he is in a synagogue or a chapel.
1942 C. Roth in Menorah Jrnl. Winter 4 Their place of worship (no longer a homely Schul but, with unhappy retrogression, a Temple).
1978 H. Kemelman Thursday Rabbi walked Out (1979) ii. 14 It's the place of women in the temple service I want to talk about, Rabbi.
1978 H. Kemelman Thursday Rabbi walked Out (1979) vii. 45 The synagogue, or as we call it, the temple.
1981 G. V. Higgins Rat on Fire vii. 56 Saturdays everybody dressed up and went to temple.
2. transferred.
a. A building dedicated to public Christian worship; a church: esp. applied to a large or grand edifice.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > artefacts > sanctuary or holy place > church or place of worship > [noun]
churcheOE
God's houseOE
kirkc1175
temple1399
steeple1555
church building1605
steeple-house1644
shrine1645
Dominical1659
religion shop1811
1399 W. Langland Richard Redeles Prol. 3 A temple of þe trinite [in Bristol]..That cristis chirche is cleped.
a1538 T. Starkey Dial. Pole & Lupset (1989) 117 Magnyfycent & gudly housys fayr tempullys & churchys.
1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. ccclxvij Whan the last of them are come to the church, the Souldiours by and by discharge their pieces: and..about the Temple kepe warde till the counsell breake vp.
1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. I. iv. 471 The king determined to hear mass with the same pomp with which his predecessors had been surrounded when they repaired to the temples of the established religion.
1867 D. Duncan Disc. 120 By some classes of professing Christians, their places of worship are called temples..and are reverenced as sacred or holy.
1876 Haydn's Dict. Dates (ed. 15) 706/2 The ‘City Temple’, a dissenters' chapel..was opened 19 May, 1874.
b. spec. In France and some French-speaking countries, a Protestant as distinguished from a Roman Catholic place of worship (the term ‘church’ (église) being usually confined to the latter).
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > artefacts > sanctuary or holy place > church or place of worship > [noun] > Protestant (French)
temple1566
1566 R. Clough in J. W. Burgon Life & Times Sir T. Gresham (1839) II. 154 (note) They have laid and begun the foundation of four new tempells [in Antwerp], besides the great barne at St. Mychell's, which ys very handsomely trymmed for a preaching place.
1843 Murray's France 465/2 There are 12,000 Protestants at Nismes, who have 2 churches (temples).]
1879 R. L. Stevenson Trav. with Donkey (1886) 150 One of the first things I encountered in Pont de Montvert was..the Protestant temple.
c. The central place of worship of the Mormons.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > artefacts > sanctuary or holy place > church or place of worship > [noun] > Mormon
temple1858
1858 Encycl. Brit. XV. 591/1 This great undertaking of Nauvoo was the building of the Mormon temple.
1874 J. H. Blunt Dict. Sects 347/2 A revelation of great length..gave directions for the building of a splendid temple, the first stone of which was laid with great pomp on April 6th, 1841.
1874 J. H. Blunt Dict. Sects 354/1 The tithes are supposed to be devoted to the building of the temple.
3. figurative. Any place regarded as occupied by the divine presence; spec. the person or body of a Christian.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > sect > Christianity > person > [noun] > person or body of
templec975
c975 Rushw. Gosp. John ii. 19 Un-duað ðone tempel ðis & on ðrim dagum ic awecco ðæt.
c975 Rushw. Gosp. John ii. 21 He wutudlice gicwæð of temple lichoma his.
c1000 Ælfric Homilies II. 580 Nyte ge þæt eowere lima syndon þæs Halgan Gastes tempel, seðe on eow is?
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 15843 Crisstene follc iss cristess hus. & cristess hallȝhe temmple.
c1290 St. Kath. 21 in S. Eng. Leg. I. 92 Ȝwy ne bi-holde ȝe þe heiȝe temple..Of þe heie heuene þat geth a-boute a-bouen eov niȝt and dai.
1388 Bible (Wycliffite, L.V.) 1 Cor. iii. 16 Witen ȝe not, that ȝe ben the temple of God, and the spirit of God dwellith in ȝou?
c1450 Godstow Reg. 5 Iff we make clene oure tempil with-ynne.
a1525 Ballat Our Lady in W. A. Craigie Asloan MS (1925) II. 271 Tryvmphand tempill of þe trinite..Princes of pess..O mater Ihesu Salue maria.
c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 11781 Couetous men comynly are cald aftur right, A temple to the tyrand, þat tises to syn.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) ii. iii. 67 Most sacrilegious Murther hath broke ope The Lords anoynted Temple, and stole thence The Life o'th'Building.
1686 J. Scott Christian Life: Pt. II II. vii. 585 How could his Spirits dwelling in us constitute us Temples of God, unless he himself were God?
1693 J. Dryden tr. Veni Creator in Examen Poeticum 307 From Sin and Sorrow set us free, And make thy Temples worthy Thee.
1839 P. J. Bailey Festus 298 My favoured temple is an humble heart.
1875 H. E. Manning Internal Mission of Holy Ghost i. 21 Yet they have been made temples of the Holy Ghost.
II. Senses relating to the Knights Templars.
4. The headquarters of the Knights Templars, on or contiguous to the site of the temple at Jerusalem; hence, the order or organization of the Templars. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > warriors collectively > order of knights > [noun] > organization of
templea1131
Templarya1661
Templarism1888
society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > military position > [noun] > headquarters > of order of knights
templea1131
society > faith > church government > monasticism > religious order > religio-military religious > Knights Templar > [noun]
templea1131
orderc1330
Templary Knights1617
Templarya1661
a1131 Anglo-Saxon Chron. ann. 1128 Ðes ilces geares com fram Ierusalem Hugo of þe temple.
c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (1839) x. 88 Towardes the south right nygh, is the temple of Salomon... And in þat temple duellen the knyghtes of the temple, that weren wont to be clept Templeres, & þat was the fundacioun of here ordre.
c1400 Brut 148 Amonge þe castelles he made an house of þe temple.
1656 T. Blount Glossographia Templaries, or Knights of the Temple.
5. spec.
a. Name of two of the Inns of Court (see inn n. 4) in London, known as the Inner Temple and the Middle Temple (see quot. 1728), which stand on the site of the buildings once occupied by the Templars (of which the church alone remains).
ΘΚΠ
society > law > legal profession > [noun] > Inns of Court > specific
templec1405
Middle Inn1450
Middle Templea1524
Inn of Chancery1562
Serjeants Inn1565
c1405 (c1387–95) G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 569 A gentil Maunciple was ther of a Temple.
1462 J. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 392 To myn ryth reuerent..fadere John Paston, beyng jn the Indere Temple.
1556 in J. G. Nichols Chron. Grey Friars (1852) 97 The xviij day of August [1556] the mayer dynned at the rederes denner at the Tempulle.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) ii. v. 19 We sent vnto the Temple, vnto his Chamber. View more context for this quotation
1656 T. Blount Glossographia at Templaries These Templars first founded and built the Temples or Templars Inne in Fleetstreet.
1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 60. ⁋1 A Student of the Inner Temple.
1728 E. Chambers Cycl. (at cited word) Temples, among us, are two Inns of Court; thus call'd, because anciently the Dwelling-House of the Knights Templars... They are call'd the Inner and Middle Temple, in relation to Essex House, which was also a Part of the House of the Templars, and call'd the Outer Temple, because situate without Temple-Bar.
1905 C. T. Martin (title) Minutes of Parliament of the Middle Temple.
b. Name of the place in Paris which formed the headquarters of the Templars in Europe.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > artefacts > monastic property (general) > monastery or convent > [noun] > of Templars
temple1617
1617 F. Moryson Itinerary i. ii. iv. 190 The second gate towards the East, is the gate of the..Temple.
1735 [see temple diamond n. at Compounds 3].
1888 T. A. Archer in Encycl. Brit. XXIII. 160/2 Louis VII..gave them a piece of marsh land outside Paris, which in later times became known as the Temple, and was the headquarters of the order in Europe.

Compounds

General attributive.
C1. Simple attributive, in senses 1 3.
a.
temple-book n.
ΚΠ
1448–9 J. Metham Amoryus & Cleopes 28 Ther othe thei toke, Sweryng vpon the tempyl-boke.
temple-building n.
temple-captain n.
temple-chamber n.
ΚΠ
1857 J. Hamilton Lessons from Great Biogr. (1859) 219 The occupants of these temple-chambers.
temple-chief n.
temple-companion n.
ΚΠ
1846 G. Grote Hist. Greece I. xi. 263 Pindar,..Euripidês and Apollodôrus, name Erichthonius..as the being who was thus adopted and made the temple-companion of Athênê.
temple-court n.
ΚΠ
a1822 P. B. Shelley Witch of Atlas lxiv, in Posthumous Poems (1824) 50 And round each temple-court In dormitories ranged..She saw the priests asleep.
1930 R. Graves Ten Poems More 13 In every temple-court, for all to see Flourishes one example of each tree In tricunx.
temple-door n.
ΚΠ
c1386 G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (1875, Harl. MS. 7334) 2422 The rynges on þe tempul dore þat hange.
a1745 J. Swift Direct. Birthday Song in Wks. (1765) VIII. ii. 151 What tho', for fifteen years and more, Janus hath lock'd his temple-door?
1921 G. B. Shaw Back to Methuselah iv. 178 The temple door is in the middle of the portico.
temple-end n.
ΚΠ
1883 Art Jrnl. 83 The increased richness towards the temple end..might be more emphasised by designing the capitals of the columns with constantly increasing richness from the entrance end to the apse.
temple-fellow n.
ΚΠ
1614 J. Selden Titles of Honor Pref. C j Honor and deseruing Vertue..were Temple-fellowes in old Rome.
temple-festival n.
temple-fronton n.
temple-gate n.
ΚΠ
1595 E. Spenser Epithalamion in Amoretti & Epithalamion xii. sig. Hv Open the temple gates vnto my loue, Open them wide that she may enter in.
temple-gift n.
temple-guard n.
temple-hill n.
temple-hospital n.
temple-land n.
ΚΠ
c1650 J. Spalding Memorialls Trubles Scotl. & Eng. (1850) I. 114 He gave them the superioriteis of the haill temple landis within there brughe.
temple-master n.
temple-ministrant n.
temple-mount n.
temple-music n.
ΚΠ
1860 E. B. Pusey Minor Prophets 398 Habakkuk must have been entitled to take part in the temple-music, and so must have been a Levite.
temple-musician n.
ΚΠ
1891 T. K. Cheyne Origin & Relig. Contents Psalter ii. 69 It [Ps. 37] is evidently the work of a temple-musician.
temple-pavement n.
temple-pediment n.
temple-porch n.
ΚΠ
a1711 T. Ken Hymnotheo in Wks. (1721) III. 77 The Temple-Porch two arched Cloysters flank'd.
temple-priest n.
ΚΠ
1911 N.E.D. at Temple Temple-priest.
1941 J. Masefield Gautama 31 Like a temple-priest intoning.
temple-priesthood n.
ΚΠ
1707 G. Hickes Two Treat. i. iii. 153 A Dissolution of the Temple-Priesthood.
temple-prophet n.
temple-revenue n.
ΚΠ
1905 D. Smith Days of His Flesh vii. 59 Every adult Israelite..had to pay an annual tax of half a shekel to the Temple-revenue.
temple-roof n.
ΚΠ
1857 J. Hamilton Lessons from Great Biogr. (1859) 86 He heard from the temple-roof a whisper in his ear.
temple-ruin n.
temple-sanctuary n.
temple-sculpture n.
temple-service n.
ΚΠ
1860 E. B. Pusey Minor Prophets 24 The condition..in which there should be none of the special Temple-service.
temple-shrine n.
temple-singer n.
temple-staff n.
temple-stair n.
ΚΠ
a1711 T. Ken Hymnotheo in Wks. (1721) III. 78 Hymnotheo..Kiss'd the Saints' feet, who trod the Temple-Stairs.
temple-stead n.
ΚΠ
1870 W. Morris Earthly Paradise: Pt. III 299 Now fain I would unto the temple-stead.
temple-system n.
temple-tax n.
temple-treasury n.
temple-union n.
temple-veil n.
ΚΠ
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 16762 + 85 Þe temple vayl clef in twoo.
temple-vision n.
temple-wall n.
temple-warden n.
ΚΠ
1609 Bible (Douay) I. Zeph. i. 4 The names of the templewardens with the priests.
temple-wardenship n.
ΚΠ
1904 W. M. Ramsay Lett. to Seven Churches xvii. 232 The fourth Temple-Wardenship seems to be of Artemis.
temple-worship n.
ΚΠ
1680 W. Allen Perswasive to Peace & Unity (ed. 2) 102 The corrupt estate of the Jewish church..both in Temple-worship and in Synagogue-worship.
1714 R. Fiddes Pract. Disc. (ed. 2) II. 138 The ceremonial ordinances which chiefly gave directions about the temple-worship.
temple-yard n.
b. In sense 5.
temple-exchange n.
ΚΠ
1760 S. Foote Minor i. 28 He sits..every evening, from five till eight, under the clock, at the Temple-exchange.
temple-garden n.
ΚΠ
a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) ii. iv. 125 This brawle to day, Growne to this faction in the Temple Garden, Shall send betweene the Red-Rose and the White, A thousand Soules to Death and deadly Night. View more context for this quotation
temple-hall n.
c. Appositive.
temple-house n.
ΚΠ
?13.. All Saints 41 in Herrig Archiv LXXIX. 435 Thus was ordeynd þis temple-hous [the Pantheon] Off all deuyllus, to haue þer cours.
temple-palace n.
ΚΠ
1851 Buried City East Nineveh vii. 105 The architecture of the Assyrians, as illustrated in its only relics, the great Temple-palaces.
temple-pyramid n.
ΚΠ
1948 National Geographic Mag. Jan. 127 (caption) High and steep were the temple pyramids of the Maya.
1966 M. D. Coe Maya v. 94 Towering above all are the mighty temple-pyramids built from limestone blocks over a rubble core.
temple-tomb n.
ΚΠ
1904 R. J. Farrer Garden of Asia 118 The great temple-tomb is in high festival for the Birthday of the Saviour [Buddha].
temple-tower n.
ΚΠ
1860 G. Rawlinson in W. Smith Dict. Bible 158/2 An ancient Babylonian temple-tower.
C2. Obj. and objective genitive.
a.
temple-keeper n.
temple-robber n.
ΚΠ
1637 T. Nabbes Microcosmus in Dodsley's Select Coll. Old Plays IX. 163 The temple-robber..to the altar flies.
a1661 B. Holyday tr. Juvenal Satyres (1673) 249 Temple-robbers..stealing away plates of gold from the statues of the gods.
temple-sweeper n.
temple-visiting n.
temple-haunting adj.
ΚΠ
a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) i. vi. 4 This Guest of Summer, The Temple-haunting Barlet.
b. Instrumental, similative.
temple-crowned adj.
ΚΠ
1883 R. Bridges Prometheus 36 The temple-crownèd heights.
temple-like adj.
ΚΠ
1664 B. Gerbier Counsel to Builders (new ed.) i. sig. d8 Representing Solomons Temple-like Foundations of a State.
temple-sacred adj.
temple-treated adj.
ΚΠ
1873 R. Browning Red Cotton Night-cap Country i. 45 A quaint device, Pillared and temple-treated Belvedere.
C3. Special combinations. Also Temple-bar n.
temple block n. a percussion instrument of oriental origin consisting of a hollow block of wood which is struck with a drum-stick; also known as a wood-block n. (b) at wood n.1 Compounds 2a; usually in plural.
ΘΚΠ
society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > percussion instrument > [noun] > wood blocks
wood-block1837
pan1874
paiban1884
Chinese block1926
temple block1929
slit drum1933
slit-gong1938
1929 Melody Maker Mar. 295/2 The same remark applies to the Temple blocks, and even the tambourine can easily be played too loudly.
1964 J. Carter in Norton & Spacey Drums & Drumming Today 40 How I yearn for the days of temple blocks and saucepan lids.
Categories »
temple children n. children in the service of temples in India.
Temple church n. see 5.
ΚΠ
1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Temple The chief Officer was the Master of the Temple... And from him, the chief Minister of the Temple Church is still call'd Master of the Temple.
temple diamond n. Obsolete (see quot.).
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > gem or precious stone > artificial stone > [noun] > artificial diamond
temple diamond1735
rhinestone1890
1735 Dict. Polygraph. I. S vij The factitious diamonds..call'd temple Diamonds, because the best of them are made in the temple at Paris, are vastly short of the genuine ones.
temple-foundling n. ? a foundling deposited at the Temple (sense 5).
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > kinship or relationship > kinsman or relation > child > [noun] > foundling
found child (brat, etc.)eOE
foundlinga1300
strodlingc1490
woods colt1895
temple-foundling1905
1905 Athenæum 29 July 146/1 The last of the Temple foundlings, Mary Ann Littlefield, survived as late as 1865, and was supposed to have been the original of Miss Flite in Dickens's ‘Bleak House’.
Temple parliament n. = parliament n.1 4a.
ΚΠ
1641 W. Mountagu in Buccleuch MSS (Hist. MSS Comm.) (1899) I. 285 Friday is the day of Temple parliament.
1905 Daily News 15 July 4 The transactions of the Middle Temple ‘Parliaments’, beginning from the year 1501.
temple-pickling n. obsolete slang see 1699.
ΚΠ
1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew Temple-pickling, the Pumping of Bailives, Bumms, Setters, Pick-pockets, &c.
temple prostitute n. a woman maintained by a temple, who performs rituals of a sexual nature (cf. devadasi n.); also figurative.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > worship > observance, ritual > kinds of rite > prostitution > [noun] > participant in
temple prostitute1890
1890 A. B. Ellis Eὡe-speaking Peoples ix. 141 Girls dedicated to a god do not necessarily serve him during the whole of their lives... In Dahomi there seems to be a marked distinction between those who actually minister to the service of the temple, and those who are merely temple prostitutes.
1951 W. H. Auden Nones (1952) 28 Private rites of magic send The temple prostitutes to sleep.
1980 S. T. Haymon Death & Pregnant Virgin xi. 84 Poor old Charlie! Thought he'd recruited a vestal virgin when what he'd got was a temple prostitute!
temple prostitution n.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > worship > observance, ritual > kinds of rite > prostitution > [noun]
temple prostitution1912
1912 J. N. Farquhar Primer of Hinduism xvi. 194 We are now in a position to realise how it has been possible for the Hindu to admit such things as..cruel torture, temple prostitution.
1961 L. Mumford City in Hist. iv. 106 The custom of temple prostitution has not merely been preserved down to our own day.., but the temples of the goddesses of love..were traditionally the favored places of assignation for lovers.
temple-ring n. (see quot.).
ΚΠ
1877 W. Jones Finger-ring Lore 298 Another betrothal ring..called ‘temple’ or ‘tower’, from the figure of the sacred temple placed on their summit.
temple-state n. (in antiquity) a city-state centred on a temple or similar sacred edifice.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > rule or government > a or the state > [noun] > where specific conditions prevail
police state1851
welfare state1894
Rechtsstaat1912
temple-state1920
kulturstaat1925
garrison state1937
the Illfare State1952
opportunity state1957
1920 H. G. Wells Outl. Hist. 150/2 There is no temple-state stage, no stage of priest Kings, in the Greek record.
1931 Times Lit. Suppl. 1 Jan. 3/2 The Pope's temporal domain..is not a city-state but a temple-state.
temple-title n. the name under which a deceased Chinese emperor is worshipped.
temple-trotter n. (see quot.).
ΘΚΠ
society > law > legal profession > lawyer > [noun] > lawyer's clerk
temple-trotter1861
1861 Sat. Rev. 30 Nov. 560 An extremely low lawyer's clerk, of the genus which in old professional slang was called ‘Temple-trotter’.

Derivatives

ˈtempleful n. as many or as much as fills a temple.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > artefacts > sanctuary or holy place > temple > [noun] > as many or much as fills a temple
templeful1909
1909 Expositor Oct. 316 A whole templeful of men whose consciences kept them from casting a stone.
ˈtempleward adv. towards the temple.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > artefacts > sanctuary or holy place > temple > [adverb]
templeward1868
1868 J. G. Whittier Meeting 21 Nor ritual-bound nor templeward Walks the free spirit of the Lord!
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

templen.2

/ˈtɛmp(ə)l/
Forms: Also Middle English tempil, Middle English tempelle, tempylle, 1500s Scottish tympille.
Etymology: < Old French temple (feminine) (11th cent. in Roland), = Provençal templa , Italian tempia < popular Latin type *tempula , *templa , apparently for classical Latin tempora , plural of tempus ‘temple of the head’ (taken later as feminine singular: compare Bible n.). Old French temple (still in Dict. Acad. 1694–1740) is represented in modern French by tempe (already in Palsgrave, 1530).
1.
a. The flattened region on each side of the (human) forehead. (Chiefly in plural)
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > face > forehead > [noun] > parts of forehead
thunwanga1000
templec1310
haffet1513
brows1598
glabella1823
ophryon1878
brow-ridge1898
c1310 St. Margaret 219 in Horstm. Altengl. Leg. (1881) 231 Sche toke him bi þe temples [earlier version bi þe toppe]; about sche him swong.
a1340 R. Rolle Psalter cxxxi. 5 Þe tempils of þi heued waxis heuy.
a1400 Poem on Blood-letting in T. Wright & J. O. Halliwell Reliquiæ Antiquæ (1845) I. 189 Two [places] at the templys thay mot blede.
14.. in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 631/2 Tempelle, tempora.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Judges iv. 21 Then Iael..smote the nale in thorow the temples of his heade, so yt he sancke to ye earth.
1643 Sir T. Browne Religio Medici (authorized ed.) ii. §12 Let no dreames my head infest, But such as Jacobs temples blest. View more context for this quotation
1712 A. Pope tr. Ovid Fable Vertumnus & Pomona in Misc. Poems 131 And Wreaths of Hay his Sun-burnt Temples shade.
1813 W. Scott Rokeby i. 12 A scorching clime, And toil, had..Roughened the brow, the temples bared.
1814 H. F. Cary tr. Dante Vision III. xxv. 11 I..shall claim the wreath Due to the poet's temples.
b. transferred. A corresponding part in lower animals.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > animal body > general parts > head and neck > [noun] > forehead > temple
temple1769
1769 E. Bancroft Ess. Nat. Hist. Guiana 181 The temples, rump and belly are of a violet colour.
1826 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. III. 365 External anatomy of insects... Tempora (the Temples). Those parts which lie on the outside of the posterior half of the eyes.
1850 R. Gordon-Cumming Five Years Hunter's Life S. Afr. I. xv. 356 My dinner consisted of a piece of flesh from the temple of the elephant.
1860 R. G. Mayne Expos. Lexicon Med. Sci. Temple,..Ornithol., Zool. Applied to the lateral region of the head comprised between the eyes and ears.
2. plural. Ornaments of jewellery or needlework formerly worn by ladies on the sides of the forehead. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > types or styles of clothing > headgear > [noun] > other
dorlot1340
horn1340
vitremytec1386
templesc1430
bycocket1464
burlet1490
knapscall1498
shapion1504
shaffron1511
paste1527
attire1530
faille1530
muzzle1542
corneta1547
abacot1548
wase1548
wrapper1548
tiring1552
basket1555
bilimenta1556
Paris head1561
shadow1578
head-roll1583
mitre1585
whitehead1588
crispa1592
ship-tire1602
oreillet1603
scoffion1604
coif1617
aigrette1631
egreta1645
drail1647
topknotc1686
slop1688
Burgundy1701
bandore1708
fly-cap1753
capriole1756
lappet-head1761
fly1773
turban1776
pouf1788
knapscapa1802
chip1804
toque1817
bonnet1837
casquette1840
war bonnet1845
taj1851
pugree1859
kennel1896
roach1910
Deely bobber1982
the mind > attention and judgement > beautification > types of ornamentation > jewellery > jewellery worn on the head > [noun] > jewellery worn on temples
templesc1430
templet1530
c1430 J. Lydgate Minor Poems (Percy Soc.) 56 A fowle visage with gay temples of atyre.
1439 in F. J. Furnivall Fifty Earliest Eng. Wills (1882) 116 (C'tess Warwick) That my grete templys with the Baleys be sold to the vtmest pryse.
1656 W. Dugdale Antiq. Warwickshire 330/1 [Marginal note on quot. 1439] Jewels hanging on womens foreheads by Bodkins thrust into their hair.]
3. Each of the side-members or limbs of a pair of spectacles, which clasp the sides of the head of the wearer. U.S.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > ophthalmology or optometry > aids to defective vision > [noun] > spectacles > other parts of spectacles
bow1711
frame1729
rims1766
earpiece1824
side glass1830
nosepiece1866
temple1877
nose1895
nose-bridge1923
1877 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Temple..one of the bars on the outer ends of the spectacle bows [i.e. rims of the lenses] by which the spectacles are made to clasp the head of the wearer. [Hence in later Dicts.]

Compounds

C1. General attributive.
temple-bone n.
ΚΠ
1615 H. Crooke Μικροκοσμογραϕια 583 Where it yssueth out of the Temple-bone it is broader and thicker.
1793 T. Holcroft tr. J. C. Lavater Ess. Physiognomy (abridged ed.) xiv. 75 The temple-bones..are slow in coming to perfection.
temple-pulse n.
ΚΠ
1891 Daily News 28 Oct. 7/2 The witness was feeling the temple pulse while administering.
temple-shot n.
ΚΠ
1899 F. V. Kirby Sport E. Central Afr. xxi. 232 I ran in and killed him with a temple shot from my Metford.
C2.
temple-spectacles n. spectacles having jointed sidelimbs that grasp the temples.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > ophthalmology or optometry > aids to defective vision > [noun] > spectacles > other types of spectacles
half-moon glasses1607
half-moon spectacles1607
blinkers1732
temple-spectacles1762
reading glass1853
distance glasses1864
horn spectacles1893
bifocal1899
trifocal1899
horn-rims1927
harlequin spectacles1940
harlequin glasses1945
library frame1948
aviator1951
library glasses1959
library spectacles1962
multifocals1962
wire-rim1968
1762 O. Goldsmith Citizen of World I. 237 He had more powder in his hair,..a pair of temple spectacles, and his hat under his arm.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

templen.3

/ˈtɛmp(ə)l/
Etymology: < French temple (feminine) (also templet , temploir , templu ), Littré: perhaps originally the same word as temple , tempe , temple n.2
1. A contrivance for keeping cloth stretched to its proper width in the loom during the process of weaving. Usually plural.In the hand-loom, a pair of flat rods, having toothed ends which caught the selvedge on each side; in the power-loom, various rotary devices are used.
ΘΚΠ
the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile manufacture > manufacture textile fabric or that which consists of > manufacture of textile fabric > [noun] > weaving > loom > for keeping cloth stretched
temple1483
templet1831
1483 Cath. Angl. 379/2 A Tempylle of a wefere, virgula.
1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. viii. 348/1 Temples,..two Staves with broad ends set with sharp Pins,..by the pins putting into the selvage of the Cloth it is kept open while it is in Weaving.
1733 P. Lindsay Interest Scotl. 169 The Sum that is now given for the Encouragement of that Branch [Weaving], exclusive of the Reeds, Harness, Shuttles, and Temples.
1863 J. Watson Theory & Pract. Weaving 150 The Breast Beam is the rail in front of the loom... It is on this rail that the self acting temples are fixed.
1888 F. T. Elworthy W. Somerset Word-bk. Temples, a wooden stretcher of adjustable length, having points at either end, used by weavers to keep the cloth as woven of the proper width in the loom... Often called a ‘pair o' temples’.
1898 Leeds Mercury Weekly Suppl. 10 Dec. (E.D.D.) The temples on looms to-day..consist of wheels on either side of the woven piece, having projecting pins all round their circumferences.
2. = template n. 2. Also attributive.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > equipment > equipment for marking out work > [noun] > templates
mitre box1678
temple1688
profile1751
curb1792
rod1793
template1819
turning-piece1823
mitring box1845
mitre block1846
former1847
sweep1885
1688 R. Holme Acad. Armory iii. ix. 394/2 Temple Moulds..are Boards cut in that for[m] as the Stone is to be cut.
1847–78 J. O. Halliwell Dict. Archaic & Provinc. Words Temple-mold, a pattern, or mould used by masons in fashioning their work.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online September 2018).

templev.

/ˈtɛmp(ə)l/
Etymology: < temple n.1
1. transitive. To enclose in or as in a temple, to enshrine; to honour with a temple or temples, to build a temple to or for. Also figurative.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > artefacts > sanctuary or holy place > temple > [verb (transitive)] > enclose in or as in
temple1593
society > faith > artefacts > sanctuary or holy place > temple > [verb (transitive)] > honour with
temple1593
society > faith > artefacts > sanctuary or holy place > shrine > [verb (transitive)] > provide with or enclose in a shrine
shrinec1290
ferterc1325
enshrine1586
temple1593
entemple1603
enchase1643
1593 R. Southwell St. Peter's Complaint 27 Christ, as my God, was templed in my thought.
1628 O. Felltham Resolves: 2nd Cent. lxxxiv. sig. Zv The Heathen (in many places) Templed and adored this drunken god.
1838 S. Bellamy Betrayal 57 Templed, and taught, and rited as thou art.
1852 P. J. Bailey Festus (ed. 5) 514 Immured..In..her holy home, With many a lovely handmaiden around In starry palace templed.
1936 A. Clarke Coll. Poems 98 We saw again How Brigid, while her women slept Around her, temple'd by the flame, Sat in a carven chair.
2. To make or fashion into a temple.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > artefacts > sanctuary or holy place > temple > [verb (transitive)] > make or fashion into
temple1845
1845 [implied in: P. J. Bailey Festus (ed. 2) 3 O'er which ye rise in templed majesty. (at templed adj. 2)].
1849 [implied in: Quinton Heaven's Antidote 42 Canticles of praise will resound through the templed cottage. (at templed adj. 2)].
3. intransitive. To reside or dwell as in a temple. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabiting a type of place > inhabit type of place [verb (intransitive)] > dwell in or as in other buildings
cabin1586
den1610
stable1651
hut1691
templea1711
bog-trota1734
sty1748
village1819
shanty1840
shack1895
flat1966
a1711 T. Ken Wks. (1721) I. 62 Bless'd Jesu! deign to Temple in my Mind.
a1711 T. Ken Sion iii, in Wks. (1721) IV. 412 O Jesu,..I feel thee templing in my Heart.

Derivatives

ˈtempling n.
ΚΠ
a1638 J. Mede Wks. (1672) 641 The Deifying and invocating of Saints and Angels,..the adoring and templing of Reliques.
1677 T. Gale Court of Gentiles: Pt. III iii. 105 In the Demon-worship they had many other rites, as worshipping of Columnes, Templing of Reliques.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1911; most recently modified version published online March 2020).
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