tarnishv.

Brit.

/ˈtɑːnɪʃ/, U.S.

/ˈtɑrnɪʃ/

Etymology: < French terniss-, extended stem of ternir , ternissant (15th cent. in Godefroy) (see -ish suffix²), < terne adjective, dull, dark; of doubtful origin. Referred by Diez and others to Old High German tarnan, Middle High German ternen (= Old Saxon dernjan, Old English diernan) to conceal, hide, < Old High German tarni (Old Saxon derni, Old English dierne, derne) hidden, secret, obscure. But there are difficulties, arising from the late appearance of the French word, as well as from the form and sense. The change fromtern- to tarn- appears to have taken place in English; but no example of ternish has been found.

a. transitive. To dull or dim the lustre of, to discolour (as a metallic surface by oxidation, etc.); to cause to fade; to spoil, wither.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > soiled condition > soil [verb (transitive)] > make dingy or discoloured

tarnish1598

dinge1693

tache17..

the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > cause bad condition in [verb (transitive)] > cause to lose freshness

wizen1513

wither1555

wither1599

tarnish1709–10

welt1764

1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Ternire, to tarnish, to darken any glasse with breathing vpon it [1611 to tarnish or darken and mist~ouer, as burnished plate or glasse will be being breathed vpon].

1709–10 J. Addison Tatler No. 121. ⁋1 Her Clothes were very rich, but tarnished.

1726 W. R. Chetwood Voy. & Adventures Capt. R. Boyle 115 The Sun's tarnishing my Complexion.

1858 D. Lardner Hand-bk. Nat. Philos.: Hydrostatics, Pneumatics, & Heat (new ed.) 367 Whatever tarnishes or roughens the surface of metal, increases its radiation.

b. figurative. To take away from the purity of, cast a stain upon; to sully, taint; to bring disgrace upon.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > sullying or staining of reputation > stain or sully [verb (transitive)]

filea1325

foulc1330

tache1390

dark?c1400

distain1406

smita1413

blemish1414

black?c1425

defoul1470

maculate?a1475

macule1484

tan1530

staina1535

spota1542

smear1549

blot1566

besmear1579

defile1581

attaint1590

soila1596

slubber1599

tack1601

woad1603

besmirch1604

blur1604

to breathe upon ——1608

be-smut1610

clouda1616

sullya1616

taint1623

smutch1640

blackena1649

to cast, put, throw (etc.) a slur on or upon (a person or thing)1654

beslur1675

tarnish1695

blackwash1762

carbonify1792

smirch1820

tattoo1884

dirten1987

society > morality > moral evil > moral or spiritual degeneration > degrading or impairing morally > degrade or impair morally [verb (transitive)] > pollute or defile

afileeOE

awemOE

filec1175

wemc1175

soila1250

foulc1330

defoula1340

bleckc1380

blemishc1380

pollutea1382

tache1390

sulpa1400

vilec1400

spota1413

stain1446

defilec1450

violate1490

tan1530

smear1549

beray1576

moil1596

discolour1598

smut1601

bespurtle1604

sullya1616

commaculatec1616

decolour?c1622

collutulate1623

deturpate1623

berust1631

smutch1640

discolorate1651

smoot1683

tarnish1695

tar1817

dirten1987

1695 J. Collier Misc. upon Moral Subj. 31 Nothing that may..tarnish the Glory, and weaken the Example of the Suffering.

1783 W. Thomson in R. Watson & W. Thomson Hist. Reign Philip III vi. 458 Unwilling that his reputation should be tarnished.

1884 L. J. Jennings in Croker Papers I. ii. 44 The naval glory of England was tarnished by the successes of the American naval force.

a. intransitive. To grow dull, dim, or discoloured; to fade, wither; esp. of metals, to lose external brightness or lustre.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > deteriorate in condition [verb (intransitive)] > lose freshness

wallowc888

falloweOE

fordwinec1000

foryellowc1220

fade13..

windlec1325

wanzec1400

witherc1400

unappair1426

quail?c1430

withera1500

quell1579

tainta1616

daver1621

welter1645

tarnish1678

the mind > goodness and badness > badness or evil > worse > [verb (intransitive)] > in quality or character

forworthc1000

wearc1275

spilla1300

defadec1325

pall?c1335

forlinec1374

sinka1500

degender1539

degener1545

degenerate1545

dwindle1598

degenerize1606

disflourish1640

deflourish1656

waste1669

tarnish1678

devolve1830

honeycomb1868

bastardize1878

slush1882

the world > matter > light > darkness or absence of light > dimness or absence of brightness > grow dim or lose brightness [verb (intransitive)] > lose lustre

staina1387

tarnish1678

dislustre1890

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > soiled condition > become soiled [verb (intransitive)] > become dingy or discoloured

tarnish1678

1678 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) (at cited word) Any thing that is Gilded, is said to Tarnish, when it begins to lose its Luster [1706 to grow dull, to lose its Gloss, Lustre, or Brightness].

1696 N. Tate & N. Brady New Version Psalms of David cii. 27 And, like a Garment often worn Shall tarnish and decay.

1758 S. Johnson Idler 16 Dec. 289 The brass and pewter..are only laid up again to tarnish again.

1878 T. H. Huxley Physiography (ed. 2) 75 Many metals rapidly rust or tarnish when exposed to even the driest air.

b. figurative. To become dull, dim, or sullied.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > sullying or staining of reputation > be or become stained or sullied [verb (intransitive)]

tarnish1681

1681 J. Dryden Absalom & Achitophel 8 Till thy fresh Glories, which now shine so bright, Grow Stale and Tarnish with our daily sight.

1789 H. L. Piozzi Observ. Journey France II. 102 Travellers who seek for images that never tarnish, and for truths that never can decay.

1810 Splendid Follies II. 95 The frailties of your nature predominated the glare of your riches,..from that hour they tarnished.

Derivatives

ˈtarnishing n. and adj.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with metal > [noun] > other metalworking processes

limation1617

matting1688

sheeting1776

blooming1812

steeling1816

ungraining1839

tarnishing1858

ironing1868

shimming1872

beating1875

siliconizing1880

shearing1881

inoxidizing1883

rustproofing1892

picking1895

rifting1903

Bayer process1910

autofrettage1919

prefinishing1935

panel beating1953

splatting1976

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > soiled condition > [adjective] > dingy or discoloured > causing

tarnishing1858

1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products Tarnishing, a process of giving gold or silver a pale or dim cast, without either polish or burnish.

1894 G. Du Maurier Trilby II. 22 A tarnishing breath had swept over the reminiscent mirror of his mind.

ˈtarnishable adj. that may tarnish or be tarnished.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > soiled condition > [adjective] > dingy or discoloured > able to be

tarnishable1885

1885 Proc. Royal Soc. 1884–5 38 340 A means of rendering tarnishable metals and alloys less tarnishable.

ˈtarnisher n. one who or that which tarnishes.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > soiled condition > [noun] > dinginess or discolouration > one who or that which

tarnisher1864

society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > workers with specific materials > metalworker > [noun] > involved in other general processes

whitesmith1260

blancher1578

filer1598

bluer1747

striker1831

tarnisher1864

retorter1876

swager?1881

1864 Webster's Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. Tarnisher.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	tarnish
释义	tarnishn. Brit. /ˈtɑːnɪʃ/, U.S. /ˈtɑrnɪʃ/ Etymology: < tarnish v. The fact of tarnishing or condition of being tarnished; loss of brightness, discoloration; stain, blemish; also concrete the substance of such discoloration; the tarnished coating. Also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > [noun] > condition of having lost freshness witheredness1535 tarnish1713 the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > soiled condition > [noun] > dinginess or discolouration discolouration1545 tarnish1713 dinginess1758 miscoloration1822 discolorization1827 dinge1846 1713 W. Darrell Gentleman Instructed (ed. 5) ii. ix. 182 Care is taken to wash over the Foulness of the Subject with a pleasing Tarnish [1707 Varnish]. 1738 Gentleman's Mag. Nov. 580/2 The same Thing again is to be said of Tarnish, Discolouring, &c. from Time, the Air, &c. 1865 C. Dickens Our Mutual Friend I. ii. xiii. 283 Effacing the old rust and tarnish on the money. 1877 E. S. Dana Text-bk. Mineral. ii. (1891) 190 A surface possesses the steel tarnish, when it presents the superficial blue color of tempered steel. 1878 T. H. Huxley Physiography (ed. 2) 75 There are many metals, such as gold, which never exhibit rust or tarnish. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online March 2022). tarnishv. Brit. /ˈtɑːnɪʃ/, U.S. /ˈtɑrnɪʃ/ Etymology: < French terniss-, extended stem of ternir , ternissant (15th cent. in Godefroy) (see -ish suffix²), < terne adjective, dull, dark; of doubtful origin. Referred by Diez and others to Old High German tarnan, Middle High German ternen (= Old Saxon dernjan, Old English diernan) to conceal, hide, < Old High German tarni (Old Saxon derni, Old English dierne, derne) hidden, secret, obscure. But there are difficulties, arising from the late appearance of the French word, as well as from the form and sense. The change fromtern- to tarn- appears to have taken place in English; but no example of ternish has been found. 1. a. transitive. To dull or dim the lustre of, to discolour (as a metallic surface by oxidation, etc.); to cause to fade; to spoil, wither. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > soiled condition > soil [verb (transitive)] > make dingy or discoloured tarnish1598 dinge1693 tache17.. the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > cause bad condition in [verb (transitive)] > cause to lose freshness wizen1513 wither1555 wither1599 tarnish1709–10 welt1764 1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Ternire, to tarnish, to darken any glasse with breathing vpon it [1611 to tarnish or darken and mist~ouer, as burnished plate or glasse will be being breathed vpon]. 1709–10 J. Addison Tatler No. 121. ⁋1 Her Clothes were very rich, but tarnished. 1726 W. R. Chetwood Voy. & Adventures Capt. R. Boyle 115 The Sun's tarnishing my Complexion. 1858 D. Lardner Hand-bk. Nat. Philos.: Hydrostatics, Pneumatics, & Heat (new ed.) 367 Whatever tarnishes or roughens the surface of metal, increases its radiation. b. figurative. To take away from the purity of, cast a stain upon; to sully, taint; to bring disgrace upon. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > sullying or staining of reputation > stain or sully [verb (transitive)] filea1325 foulc1330 tache1390 dark?c1400 distain1406 smita1413 blemish1414 black?c1425 defoul1470 maculate?a1475 macule1484 tan1530 staina1535 spota1542 smear1549 blot1566 besmear1579 defile1581 attaint1590 soila1596 slubber1599 tack1601 woad1603 besmirch1604 blur1604 to breathe upon ——1608 be-smut1610 clouda1616 sullya1616 taint1623 smutch1640 blackena1649 to cast, put, throw (etc.) a slur on or upon (a person or thing)1654 beslur1675 tarnish1695 blackwash1762 carbonify1792 smirch1820 tattoo1884 dirten1987 society > morality > moral evil > moral or spiritual degeneration > degrading or impairing morally > degrade or impair morally [verb (transitive)] > pollute or defile afileeOE awemOE filec1175 wemc1175 soila1250 foulc1330 defoula1340 bleckc1380 blemishc1380 pollutea1382 tache1390 sulpa1400 vilec1400 spota1413 stain1446 defilec1450 violate1490 tan1530 smear1549 beray1576 moil1596 discolour1598 smut1601 bespurtle1604 sullya1616 commaculatec1616 decolour?c1622 collutulate1623 deturpate1623 berust1631 smutch1640 discolorate1651 smoot1683 tarnish1695 tar1817 dirten1987 1695 J. Collier Misc. upon Moral Subj. 31 Nothing that may..tarnish the Glory, and weaken the Example of the Suffering. 1783 W. Thomson in R. Watson & W. Thomson Hist. Reign Philip III vi. 458 Unwilling that his reputation should be tarnished. 1884 L. J. Jennings in Croker Papers I. ii. 44 The naval glory of England was tarnished by the successes of the American naval force. 2. a. intransitive. To grow dull, dim, or discoloured; to fade, wither; esp. of metals, to lose external brightness or lustre. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > condition of matter > bad condition of matter > deteriorate in condition [verb (intransitive)] > lose freshness wallowc888 falloweOE fordwinec1000 foryellowc1220 fade13.. windlec1325 wanzec1400 witherc1400 unappair1426 quail?c1430 withera1500 quell1579 tainta1616 daver1621 welter1645 tarnish1678 the mind > goodness and badness > badness or evil > worse > [verb (intransitive)] > in quality or character forworthc1000 wearc1275 spilla1300 defadec1325 pall?c1335 forlinec1374 sinka1500 degender1539 degener1545 degenerate1545 dwindle1598 degenerize1606 disflourish1640 deflourish1656 waste1669 tarnish1678 devolve1830 honeycomb1868 bastardize1878 slush1882 the world > matter > light > darkness or absence of light > dimness or absence of brightness > grow dim or lose brightness [verb (intransitive)] > lose lustre staina1387 tarnish1678 dislustre1890 the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > soiled condition > become soiled [verb (intransitive)] > become dingy or discoloured tarnish1678 1678 E. Phillips New World of Words (new ed.) (at cited word) Any thing that is Gilded, is said to Tarnish, when it begins to lose its Luster [1706 to grow dull, to lose its Gloss, Lustre, or Brightness]. 1696 N. Tate & N. Brady New Version Psalms of David cii. 27 And, like a Garment often worn Shall tarnish and decay. 1758 S. Johnson Idler 16 Dec. 289 The brass and pewter..are only laid up again to tarnish again. 1878 T. H. Huxley Physiography (ed. 2) 75 Many metals rapidly rust or tarnish when exposed to even the driest air. b. figurative. To become dull, dim, or sullied. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > disrepute > damage to reputation > sullying or staining of reputation > be or become stained or sullied [verb (intransitive)] tarnish1681 1681 J. Dryden Absalom & Achitophel 8 Till thy fresh Glories, which now shine so bright, Grow Stale and Tarnish with our daily sight. 1789 H. L. Piozzi Observ. Journey France II. 102 Travellers who seek for images that never tarnish, and for truths that never can decay. 1810 Splendid Follies II. 95 The frailties of your nature predominated the glare of your riches,..from that hour they tarnished. Derivatives ˈtarnishing n. and adj. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > industry > working with specific materials > working with metal > [noun] > other metalworking processes limation1617 matting1688 sheeting1776 blooming1812 steeling1816 ungraining1839 tarnishing1858 ironing1868 shimming1872 beating1875 siliconizing1880 shearing1881 inoxidizing1883 rustproofing1892 picking1895 rifting1903 Bayer process1910 autofrettage1919 prefinishing1935 panel beating1953 splatting1976 the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > soiled condition > [adjective] > dingy or discoloured > causing tarnishing1858 1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products Tarnishing, a process of giving gold or silver a pale or dim cast, without either polish or burnish. 1894 G. Du Maurier Trilby II. 22 A tarnishing breath had swept over the reminiscent mirror of his mind. ˈtarnishable adj. that may tarnish or be tarnished. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > soiled condition > [adjective] > dingy or discoloured > able to be tarnishable1885 1885 Proc. Royal Soc. 1884–5 38 340 A means of rendering tarnishable metals and alloys less tarnishable. ˈtarnisher n. one who or that which tarnishes. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > dirtiness > dirt > soiled condition > [noun] > dinginess or discolouration > one who or that which tarnisher1864 society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > workers with specific materials > metalworker > [noun] > involved in other general processes whitesmith1260 blancher1578 filer1598 bluer1747 striker1831 tarnisher1864 retorter1876 swager?1881 1864 Webster's Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. Tarnisher. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.1713v.1598
随便看	vinifera grape viniferas viniferous vinification vinifications vinified vinifies vinify vinifying vining vining pea vinipote vinitor vinitorian vink vinnewiness vinnewy vinnied vinniedness vinny vinnying vino vino blanco vino corriente vino cotto

tarnishn.

tarnishv.

Derivatives