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单词 tariff
释义

tariffn.

Brit. /ˈtarɪf/, U.S. /ˈtɛrəf/
Forms: 1500s–1700s tariffa, 1600s terrif, 1700s terif, 1700s–1800s tarif, 1600s– tariff.
Etymology: < Italian tariffa ‘arithmetike or casting of accounts’ (Florio), ‘a book of rates for duties’ (Baretti), = Spanish tarifa, Portuguese tarifa, < Arabic taʿrīf notification, explanation, definition, article, < ʿarafa in 1st conj. to notify, make known. So French tarif. The word came into general use as a technical term (sense 2), and this character it long retained in English use, being hardly found, except as applied to the Customs ‘tariff’; its more general application (sense 3), found earlier on the Continent and in U.S., has become more common in Great Britain only since c1890.
1. An arithmetical table or statement; a table of multiplication, a ready reckoner, or the like.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > number > mathematical instruments > [noun] > table
compute manual1483
tariff1591
sexagenary table1594
table of multiplication1594
long measure1623
scale of numbers1630
Rudolphine Tables1635
multiplication table1657
chiliad1675
sexagesimal table1685
nautical card1700
pence table1706
numeration tablea1743
tablebook1755
ready reckoner1757
calculator1784
tables1828
times table1902
log tablec1935
1591 W. Garrard & R. Hitchcock Arte of Warre 224 So that helping your memorie with certain Tablei or Tariffas made of purpose to know the numbers of the souldiers that are to enter into ranke.
1704 J. Harris Lexicon Technicum I Tarif, (in Arithmetick) is either a small Table..to expedite Multiplication; or else a Proportional Table contrived for the expediting a Question in the Rule of Fellowship.
1727 N. Bailey Universal Etymol. Eng. Dict. II Tariff (with Arithmeticians) a proportional Table contrived for the speedy resolving Questions in the Rule of Fellowship;..Also a Table framed to shew..any Multiple or Divisor, taken any Number of Times under ten.
1728 J. Colson in Philos. Trans. 1726–7 (Royal Soc.) 34 170 Reduce the Dividend and Divisor to small Figures, and form a Tariffa or Table of all the Multiples of the Divisor as far as 5.
1770 Monthly Rev. 507 That a tariff or table may be established of these proportions.
2. An official list or schedule setting forth the several customs duties to be imposed on imports and exports; a table or book of rates; any item of such a list, the impost (on any article); also the whole body or system of such duties as established in any country.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > duty on goods > [noun] > on imported goods
custom1389
prise1455
aids1523
tariff1592
cocket1612
custom duty1677
indulto1691
ingate1701
parisis1714
inwards1761
customs duty1800
imposition1863
indult1900
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > duty on goods > [noun] > on imported goods > table of
tariff1592
1592 H. Wotton Let. to Ld. Zouche 3 Oct. in L. P. Smith Life & Lett. Sir H. Wotton (1907) I. 288 The book that I put to be copied for your Honour is not yet ended, nor the tariffa of all the towns in the Grand Duke's territories, in my hands.
1699 B. E. New Dict. Canting Crew Tariff, a Book of Rates or Customs.
1713 Treaty Utrecht in Magens Insurances (1755) II. 495 The general Tariff made in France the 18th Day of September in the Year 1664, shall take place again.
1716 J. Addison Free-Holder No. 42 A Tariff, or Declaration of the Duties of Import and Export.
1725 London Gaz. No. 6414/2 The putting..into Execution the new Tarif or Book of Rates.
1816 Sec. Dallas in Ann. Congress (1854) 1674 (Feb. 12) A statement of the general principles for reforming the tariff of the United States.
1852 J. R. McCulloch Treat. Taxation (ed. 2) ii. v. 228 The duties in this tariff mostly vary from 40 to 5 per cent. ad valorem.
1868 M. E. Grant Duff Polit. Surv. 25 The kingdom's wealth might be economized by the adoption of a free-trade tariff.
1879 J. T. Rogers in Cassell's Techn. Educator IV. 128/2 A tariff..of a highly protective character, in the interest of employers or manufacturers.
3. A classified list or scale of charges made in any private or public business; as, a hotel tariff, a railroad tariff (U.S.).
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > monetary value > price > [noun] > price-list
rate book1579
price current1614
tax1625
tariffa1751
price list1795
a1751 Visct. Bolingbroke Wks. (1754) V. 246 Even in times less antient, the church of Rome found it necessary to publish a tariff, or book of rates, which I have seen in print, wherein the price is set over against every sin, lest purchasers should be imposed upon.
1837 H. Hallam Introd. Lit. Europe I. iii. 341 The university of Paris proceeded to establish a tariff, according to which every edition was to be sold.
1839 J. Murray Hand-bk. for Travellers on Continent (ed. 3) 428 Tariff per post of 2 German miles.
1867 W. D. Howells Ital. Journeys 204 Show me the tariff of fares.
1881 Chicago Times 12 Mar. The following is the present railroad tariff on flour, grain, and boxed meats from Chicago to the eastern points named.

Compounds

C1. attributive and in other combinations. See also tariff-reform n.
a. attributive, as tariff-act, tariff-bill, tariff-duty, tariff-legislation, tariff-monger, tariff-movement, tariff-office, tariff-party, tariff-preference, tariff-question, tariff-treaty, tariff war.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > duty on goods > [noun] > on imported goods > bungling reformer of
tariff-monger1904
society > trade and finance > management of money > management of national resources > [noun] > political economy > an economic policy > specific policies and actions > supporters of
tariffite1830
inflationist1876
tariffist1901
tariff-reformer1903
tariff-monger1904
deflationist1921
Nepman1922
redistributionist1939
growth-man1961
substantivist1967
fiscal engineer1977
supply-sider1980
1816 Ann. Congress (1854) 1137 The provisions of the proposed new tariff duties.
1821 J. Q. Adams Mem. (1875) V. 309 The revival at the next session of Congress of Mr. Baldwin's tariff bills.
1824 J. Q. Adams Mem. (1875) VI. 282 There had been sharp words in the tariff debate this day in the House.
1831 J. Q. Adams Mem. (1876) VIII. 438 The Free-Trade and Tariff Conventions.
1832 Pres. Jackson Message Congr. U.S. A mistaken view of the considerations which led to the adoption of the tariff system.
1862 Macmillan's Mag. Sept. 413 Stories about tariff grievances.
1884 S. E. Dawson Handbk. Canada 288 As promoters of private legislation, or as tariff-doctors, or as volunteer advisers, interested or disinterested.
a1898 W. E. Gladstone Memoir in J. Morley Life Gladstone (1903) I. ii. viii. 267 Endeavouring to make tariff treaties with foreign countries.
1898 Daily News 8 Aug. 8/2 A little tariff-card [of a hotel] enclosed showed that the sum stated was liable to some little expansion.
1900 Jrnl. School Geogr. (U.S.) Apr. 147 There have been twenty-five tariff acts prescribing, modifying or regulating tariff duties, the first being the Calhoun Act, 1816.
1904 Daily News 3 Mar. 8 A warning against tariff-mongers, tariff-meddlers, and tariff-muddlers of all denominations.
1909 H. W. V. Temperley in Cambr. Mod. Hist. VI. ii. 49 The tariff-war was often the precursor of the trade-war.
1934 A. Huxley Beyond Mexique Bay 85 Symptoms, such as tariff-wars and armaments.
b. instrumental, as tariff born, tariff-bound, tariff-fed, tariff-protected, tariff-raised, tariff-ridden adjs.
ΚΠ
1891 Cent. Dict. Tariff-ridden, burdened with a tariff or tariffs; carrying an excessive burden of indirect taxation.
1904 Judge Parker (U.S.) in Daily Chron. 11 Nov. 5/5 To prevent the tariff-fed Trusts and illegal combinations from absorbing the nation's wealth.
c. objective and objective genitive, as tariff adjustment, tariff-maker; tariff-cutting, tariff-mongering, tariff-raising, tariff-regulating, tariff-tinkering adjs.
ΚΠ
1897 Daily News 21 Sept. 2/3 American tariff-tinkering.
1932 Sun (Baltimore) 17 Sept. 8/3 The proposed policy is variously known as a bargaining or trade-building policy of tariff adjustment.
1962 Daily Tel. 16 Jan. 20/4 The agreement nearing completion in Brussels on a tariff-cutting agreement with the Common Market is satisfactory on the whole.
1964 Ann. Reg. 1963 70 Feelings were ruffled by..the Secretary of Commerce's denunciation of a Canadian tariff-adjustment scheme.
1977 Whitaker's Almanack 978 The CET is based on the arithmetical average of those national tariffs it replaced, and after two international tariff-cutting rounds now stands at an average of 6 per cent.
C2.
tariff wall n. a national trade barrier in the form of a tariff.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > [noun] > suspension of trade or commerce > other trade barriers or restrictions
tariff wall1889
quota1891
quota system1892
1889 Puck (N.Y.) 25 248 (heading) High tariff-wall.
1928 Britain's Industr. Future (Liberal Industr. Inq.) i. iv. § 3. 43 Some of these industries..find their former customers, often behind tariff walls, making the goods for themselves.
1973 Times 3 Jan. (Forward into Europe Suppl.) p. xi/2 The tariff walls begin to crumble.
tariff-walled adj.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > [adjective] > under embargo or suspended trade
tariff-walled1904
1904 J. Denney Let. 4 Aug. (1920) 50 We..have nothing to offer..like a Free Trade Government dealing with tariff-walled nations.
1935 E. Wingfield-Stratford Harvest of Victory i. ii. 19 The combined handicaps of tariff-walled markets, ruined customers, slackening demand for..coal, [etc.].

Derivatives

ˈtariffable adj. that can be subjected to a tariff.Apparently an isolated use.
ΚΠ
1895 I. K. Funk et al. Standard Dict. Eng. Lang. II. Tariffable, subjectable to a tariff.
tariˈffade n. [after crusade] an agitation in favour of a tariff.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > management of money > management of national resources > [noun] > political economy > an economic policy > specific policies and actions
protection1719
co-operation1817
tariff-reform1859
monetary union1866
border protection1875
rationalization1875
tariffication1892
tariffade1904
inflationism1919
NEP1923
war communism1928
voodoo economics1930
substantivism1931
sterilization1938
deficit spending1941
deficit financing1943
tax-and-spend1956
indexation1960
stop-go1964
incomes policy1965
scala mobile1965
quantitative easing1966
jawboning1969
Nixonomics1969
developmentalism1970
degrowth1971
inflation-proofing1973
NEB1973
dollarization1982
fiscal engineering1982
Rogernomics1985
1904 P. Geddes in Ideals Sc. & Faith 201 To play his patriotic part in the approaching, ever-victorious Tariffades by which the megalopolitan wealth and imperial greatness are to be assured.
ˌtariffiˈcation n. (a) the fixing of a tariff; (b) conversion to a pro-tariff party.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > monetary value > price > pricing > [noun] > system of
tariffication1892
postalization1913
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > duty on goods > imposition or collecting of duties on goods > [noun]
tollinga1350
customing1433
tollagea1513
toll-gathering1577
toll-taking1611
excise1710
tariffication1892
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > duty on goods > [noun] > on imported goods > conversion to pro-tariff party
tariffication1892
society > trade and finance > management of money > management of national resources > [noun] > political economy > an economic policy > specific policies and actions
protection1719
co-operation1817
tariff-reform1859
monetary union1866
border protection1875
rationalization1875
tariffication1892
tariffade1904
inflationism1919
NEP1923
war communism1928
voodoo economics1930
substantivism1931
sterilization1938
deficit spending1941
deficit financing1943
tax-and-spend1956
indexation1960
stop-go1964
incomes policy1965
scala mobile1965
quantitative easing1966
jawboning1969
Nixonomics1969
developmentalism1970
degrowth1971
inflation-proofing1973
NEB1973
dollarization1982
fiscal engineering1982
Rogernomics1985
1892 19th Cent. Dec. 940 Sir B. Samuelson's proposal to make compulsory the method of tariffication..which has been optional with railway companies for forty years past.
1908 Westm. Gaz. 29 May 2/3 The complete tariffication of the Unionist Party.
ˈtariffism n. the principle or system of imposing a tariff, advocacy of a (high or low) tariff.Apparently an isolated use.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > management of money > management of national resources > [noun] > political economy > specific theories or doctrines
Ricardianism1827
protectionism1846
physiocracy1856
Smithianism1880
quantity theory1885
physiocratism1890
fiscalism1892
tariffism1903
cameralism1909
marginalism1912
rationalism1915
consumerism1921
Kondratieff1935
Keynesian economics1940
Keynesianism1942
Walras' law1942
Chicago school1949
Paretanism1949
neo-Keynesianism1961
Okun's Law1962
structuralism1962
monetarism1967
market fundamentalism1984
1903 Daily Chron. 25 Sept. 4/5 The chief apostle of high tariffism.
ˈtariffist n. an advocate of a tariff.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > management of money > management of national resources > [noun] > political economy > an economic policy > specific policies and actions > supporters of
tariffite1830
inflationist1876
tariffist1901
tariff-reformer1903
tariff-monger1904
deflationist1921
Nepman1922
redistributionist1939
growth-man1961
substantivist1967
fiscal engineer1977
supply-sider1980
1901 Westm. Gaz. 3 Apr. 2/3 Taking the two bodies together the Low Tariffists are in a majority of one.
1905 Daily Chron. 8 Sept. 4/4 The tariffists and purblind economists see the chief reason of Germany's industrial prosperity in its protective system.
ˈtariffite n. = tariffist n.; also attributive.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > management of money > management of national resources > [noun] > political economy > an economic policy > specific policies and actions > supporters of
tariffite1830
inflationist1876
tariffist1901
tariff-reformer1903
tariff-monger1904
deflationist1921
Nepman1922
redistributionist1939
growth-man1961
substantivist1967
fiscal engineer1977
supply-sider1980
1830 Western Monthly Rev. 3 376 She is a true tariffite, a hearty and staunch advocate for the genuine American system.
1906 Daily Chron. 12 Jan. 5/2 This has excited great indignation on the part of the Tariffite candidate.
ˈtariffize v. (transitive) to subject to a tariff or system of tariffs (in quot. in sense 3).Apparently an isolated use.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > monetary value > price > pricing > attach a price to [verb (transitive)] > subject to price system
tariffize1848
postalize1893
1848 Tait's Edinb. Mag. 15 319 This would tariffize the world.
ˈtariffless adj. without a tariff.Apparently an isolated use.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > charges > freedom from charge > [adjective]
shot-freelOE
freea1225
costless1509
scot-free1542
free cost1586
chargeless1599
cost-free1602
gratuitous1656
gratis1659
pro deo1856
comp1875
tariffless1891
uncharged1894
buckshee1915
freebie1937
mahala1977
value-added1982
1891 M. M. Dowie Girl in Karpathians 271 A total stranger condescended to..make a tariffless hotel of their house.

Draft additions August 2001

British Law. Any one of a series of scales suggesting standard penalties for certain categories of crime and injuries, used as an unofficial means of determining sentences or damages; these scales collectively. Hence: a sentence or level of damages so determined, esp. the standard (or minimum) penalty for a certain category of crime or injury.Although operated informally, the tariff system is mirrored in the sentencing guidelines produced by both the Court of Appeal and the Magistrates' Association.
ΚΠ
1958 Yale Law Jrnl. 67 965 During the last war..a bench of English lay magistrates solemnly stated that their tariff for a certain traffic offense was a fine of a stated amount, regardless of the means of the offender..until forcibly reminded..that..they were legally obliged to consider the offender's financial position.
1961 Rep. Interdepartmental Comm. Business of Criminal Courts ix. 76 in Parl. Papers 1960–61 (Cmnd. 1289) XII. 197 Sentencing used to be a comparatively simple matter. The primary objective was to fix a sentence proportionate to the offender's culpability, and the system has been loosely described as the ‘tariff system’.
1970 D. A. Thomas Princ. Sentencing ii. 38 It is..incorrect to speak of the tariff as a single entity, a continuous whole; there is in effect a series of separate and independent tariffs, each providing a pattern of sentences for a particular area of criminal behaviour.
1985 N. Walker Sentencing xvi. 238 The Magistrates' Association has provided its members with a table of ‘suggested’ fines for the main traffic offences... The Association emphasized, however, that the list is not a ‘tariff’.
1996 Sunday Tel. 4 Feb. 2/5 If a rapist is really that calculating about the penalties..then he will know that the tariff (sentence) will reflect the seriousness of the offence.
2000 Sunday Times 23 July i. 32/1 Lord Woolf is expected to reduce the tariff to at least 10 years, which would mean they would be eligible for release in 2003.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

tariffv.

Etymology: < tariff n. So French tarifer.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈtariff.
1. intransitive. To have to do with a tariff.Apparently an isolated use.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > duty on goods > imposition or collecting of duties on goods > impose or set duties [verb (intransitive)]
tolla1350
tariff1756
1756 M. Calderwood Lett. & Jrnls. (1884) 292 A tariff of fixed duties [was] to have been settled at the treaty of Utrecht, but..was referred to commissaries; of this number was Blair's uncle, John Drummond, who tariffed all his days... Andrew Mitchell..who tariffed at Bruxells for some years.
2. transitive. To subject to a tariff-duty; to fix the price of (something) according to a tariff; in quot. a1868, to rate (a person) according to a tariff.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > impost, due, or tax > duty on goods > imposition or collecting of duties on goods > exact duty on [verb (transitive)]
toll1399
custom1474
tonnage1644
excise1652
tariff1828
1828 N. Webster Amer. Dict. Eng. Lang. Tarif v.t. to make a list of duties on goods.
1864 G. O. Trevelyan Competition Wallah vii. 199 If the Sidonians..had paid five per cent. on Madapollams tariffed at ninepence.
a1868 M. J. Higgins Ess. (1875) 158 A slow sulky conductor he silently endures, and tariffs him accurately on reaching the end of the stage.
1870 Daily News 6 Oct. 5/6 If the siege lasts long enough, dogs, rats, and cats will be tariffed.
1887 Westm. Rev. June 362 In 1583 the best Gascony wine was tariffed in London..at £13 the tun.
1904 Mrs. Dauncey Englishw. Philippines (1906) vi. 49 For these schools and..schoolmasters this pastoral country [the Philippines] is taxed and tariffed to breaking point.
3. To make into a pro-tariff party.Apparently an isolated use.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > management of money > management of national resources > [verb (intransitive)] > practise or advocate specific policies
co-operate1830
tariff1909
deflate1919
revalue1925
inflate1940
jawbone1966
reflate1971
society > authority > rule or government > politics > political philosophy > specific political theories or doctrines > [verb (transitive)] > make pro-tariff
tariff1909
1909 Westm. Gaz. 2 Mar. 2/2 The way in which the Tory Party has been tariffed.

Derivatives

tariffed adj. /ˈtærɪft/ priced by or subjected to a tariff.
ΚΠ
1874 J. A. Symonds Sketches Italy & Greece (1898) I. xiv. 299 The pay is reduced to its tariffed medium.
1903 Westm. Gaz. 17 Aug. 2/1 The ingenious device of buying highly tariffed foreign coffee and sending it to Cape Colony, whence it was reshipped as preferred East Indian coffee.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1910; most recently modified version published online September 2019).
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