tardigraden.adj.

Brit.

/ˈtɑːdᵻɡreɪd/, U.S.

/ˈtɑrdəˌɡreɪd/

Origin: Either (i) a borrowing from French. Or (ii) a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French tardigrade; Latin tardigradus.

Etymology: < (i) French tardigrade (adjective) slow-paced (1615 in an apparently isolated attestation with reference to a tortoise; subsequently from 1842), (noun) kind of very small invertebrate, water bear (1764), (plural) the sloths (E. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire & Cuvier 1795), or its etymon (ii) classical Latin tardigradus walking slowly < tardi- , combining form of tardus tarde adj. (compare -i- connective) + -gradus -grade comb. form. With senses A. 2a and B. 2b compare scientific Latin Tardigrada phylum of invertebrates (see Tardigrada n.); with senses A. 2b and B. 2a compare scientific Latin Tardigrada, former suborder of mammals (J. Latham and H. Davies, in J. R. Forster 1795).

A. n.

†1. A person or thing that moves slowly. Obsolete. rare.

ΚΠ

1623 H. Cockeram Eng. Dict. Tardigrade, a slow goer.

2. Zoology.

a. An invertebrate of the phylum or group Tardigrada; a water bear.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Arachnida > [noun] > member of Tardigrada

tardigrade1800

water bear1848

bear animalcule1855

1800 Edinb. Mag. May 327/2 Spallanzani afterwards describes the volvox and the slow-moving animalculæ (rotifere and tardigrade) those colossuses of the microscopic world.

1826 Lancet 8 July 459/1 The rotiferes and tardigrades, had the power of being recalled to life.

1872 C. Darwin in F. Darwin Life & Lett. C. Darwin (1887) III. 169 On this view, a Rotifer or Tardigrade is adapted to its humble conditions of life by a happy accident; and this I cannot believe.

a1933 J. A. Thomson Biol. for Everyman (1934) I. xiv. 376 Another puzzling order is that of the Bear Animalcules, Water Bears, Sloth Animalcules, or Tardigrades.

1971 Sci. Amer. Dec. 34/4 As far as tardigrades are concerned all but a tiny percentage of body water can be lost without affecting the animals' revivability.

2003 Ireland on Sunday 20 July 39/1 Microscopic creatures known as tardigrades, or water bears, are the Rip van Winkles of the natural world.

b. An edentate mammal of the former suborder Tardigrada; a sloth. Also figurative. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > order Edentata > [noun] > family Bradypodidae (sloth)

sloth1613

sluggard1668

lazya1682

tardigrade1827

bradypod1833

1827 E. Griffith et al. Cuvier's Animal Kingdom III. 251 The tardigrades will form the first class [of the Edentata]... Their name is derived from their excessive slowness.

1835 W. Kirby On Power of God in Creation of Animals II. xvii. 208 The last family..in the present Order [sc. Edentates] is very well distinguished by the name of Tardigrades.

1896 A. Tille tr. F. Nietzsche Thus spake Zarathustra 308 For if ye are not sick and worn out wretches of whom earth is weary, ye are sly tardigrades [Ger. Faulthiere].

a1933 J. A. Thomson Biol. for Everyman (1934) I. xiv. 377 In the technical name Tardigrade (also applied to the sloths) there is a reference to the very deliberate sluggish movements.

B. adj.

a. That walks or moves slowly; slow-paced.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > rate of motion > slowness > [adjective] > moving slowly

slowa1398

slow-movingc1450

slow-bellied1554

lazya1568

slow-footed1587

slow-paced1594

leaden-footed1596

snaily1596

snail-paced1597

dragglinga1599

leaden-heeled1598

ambling1600

slow-foot1607

sluggisha1616

slow-pacing1616

tortoise-paced1623

slow-going1634

leaden-stepping1645

tardigradous1652

tardigrade1656

snail-crawleda1658

dawdling1773

loitering1791–2

slow-stepping1793

creepy1794

lugging1816

tortoise-footed1818

crawling1820

creepy-crawly1858

slowing1877

lead-foot1896

soodling1951

1656 T. Blount Glossographia Tardigrade, that goeth slow or hath a slow pace.

1852 G. C. Mundy Our Antipodes II. xiv. 402 The Deborah proved a marine hackney-coach of the most tardigrade order.

1875 W. Houghton Sketches Brit. Insects 145 The Meloë..a bloated, tardigrade, wingless beetle upon the meadow.

1981 T. C. Boyle Water Music (1983) iii. 352 The steady wash of the rain, the tardigrade progress, the inexorable attrition.

1996 G. Goodland Littoral 11 From deserted village to inflated towns, hypertrophy of B&Bs & retirement complexes. Too far for my tardigrade feet.

b. figurative. Slow in thought or action; sluggish, unprogressive. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > action or operation > manner of action > slowness of action or operation > [adjective] > specifically of persons

slowc1300

sluggishc1450

tardious?1572

dreich1606

slowback1610

reluctant1797

tardigrade1813

the world > action or operation > inaction > disinclination to act or listlessness > [adjective] > sluggish or heavy

slowOE

sluggy?c1225

dull1393

slowfulc1400

sluggedc1430

sluggingc1430

slugc1440

sluggishc1450

lithera1500

peakish1519

lumpish1528

sopit1528

loiterous1566

slugring1566

drowsy1570

slow-bellied1576

snailish1581

blate1597

druggly1611

jacent1611

clammy1622

loggish1642

ignave1657

sliving1661

druggle-headed1694

slow-coachish1844

loggy1847

logy1859

tardigradous1866

tardigrade1883

1813 New Ann. Reg. 1812 Domest. Lit. 394/2 Mr. Brougham..has advised that we should commence upon a small scale, and proceed with a cautious and most tardigrade pace.

1883 Pall Mall Gaz. 28 Dec. 4/2 Even in our tardigrade West Country the farmer has begun to discover,..that he, too, is an economical power.

1999 M. Sáenz Identity Liberation Lat. Amer. Thought ii. 138 Davis mentions..two intimately connected characteristics of the Latin American Enlightenment, namely its tardigrade character and its political conservatism.

2. Zoology.

a. Of or relating to the former suborder Tardigrada of edentate mammals, comprising the sloths. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > order Edentata > [adjective] > relating or belonging to sloths

tardigrade1800

bradypodal1843

1800 A. Carlisle in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 90 101 The habits of life among the tardigrade animals, give occasion for the long continued contraction of some muscles in their limbs.

1855 R. Owen in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 145 360 Imbued with the principles of the transcendental and transmutative hypotheses.., they regard the great Megatherium and Megalonyx as being not merely predecessors but progenitors of those still lingering remnants of the tardigrade race.

1892 W. H. Hudson Naturalist in La Plata xxii. 350 Tardigrade mammals of arboreal habits.

1998 Paleobiology 24 377/2 Naples..applied Greave's model to tardigrade edentates with proportionally larger teeth and more prominent ridges of hard dentine than in eutatines.

b. Of or relating to the invertebrate phylum or group Tardigrada.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Arachnida > [adjective] > belonging to Tardigrada

tardigrade1848

1848 E. Lankester in Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. IV. 415/1 Doyere states that he has found zoospores in the tardigrade Infusoria.

1857 Eclectic Mag. Jan. 51/2 The rotifera and tardigrade animalcules support a heat of 212°C.

1927 Science 9 Dec. 554/1 The Tardigrade genus Macrobiotus occurs in the lake.

1987 M. S. Laverack & J. Dando Lect. Notes Invertebr. Zool. (ed. 3) xxiv. 138/1 The tardigrade juvenile is small with a head and four segments.

2004 Proc. Royal Soc. B. 271 Suppl. 4. 189/2 In the British Isles, the tardigrade fauna has been studied by Murray..and Morgan & King.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	tardigrade
释义	tardigraden.adj. Brit. /ˈtɑːdᵻɡreɪd/, U.S. /ˈtɑrdəˌɡreɪd/ Origin: Either (i) a borrowing from French. Or (ii) a borrowing from Latin. Etymons: French tardigrade; Latin tardigradus. Etymology: < (i) French tardigrade (adjective) slow-paced (1615 in an apparently isolated attestation with reference to a tortoise; subsequently from 1842), (noun) kind of very small invertebrate, water bear (1764), (plural) the sloths (E. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire & Cuvier 1795), or its etymon (ii) classical Latin tardigradus walking slowly < tardi- , combining form of tardus tarde adj. (compare -i- connective) + -gradus -grade comb. form. With senses A. 2a and B. 2b compare scientific Latin Tardigrada phylum of invertebrates (see Tardigrada n.); with senses A. 2b and B. 2a compare scientific Latin Tardigrada, former suborder of mammals (J. Latham and H. Davies, in J. R. Forster 1795). A. n. †1. A person or thing that moves slowly. Obsolete. rare. ΚΠ 1623 H. Cockeram Eng. Dict. Tardigrade, a slow goer. 2. Zoology. a. An invertebrate of the phylum or group Tardigrada; a water bear. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Arachnida > [noun] > member of Tardigrada tardigrade1800 water bear1848 bear animalcule1855 1800 Edinb. Mag. May 327/2 Spallanzani afterwards describes the volvox and the slow-moving animalculæ (rotifere and tardigrade) those colossuses of the microscopic world. 1826 Lancet 8 July 459/1 The rotiferes and tardigrades, had the power of being recalled to life. 1872 C. Darwin in F. Darwin Life & Lett. C. Darwin (1887) III. 169 On this view, a Rotifer or Tardigrade is adapted to its humble conditions of life by a happy accident; and this I cannot believe. a1933 J. A. Thomson Biol. for Everyman (1934) I. xiv. 376 Another puzzling order is that of the Bear Animalcules, Water Bears, Sloth Animalcules, or Tardigrades. 1971 Sci. Amer. Dec. 34/4 As far as tardigrades are concerned all but a tiny percentage of body water can be lost without affecting the animals' revivability. 2003 Ireland on Sunday 20 July 39/1 Microscopic creatures known as tardigrades, or water bears, are the Rip van Winkles of the natural world. b. An edentate mammal of the former suborder Tardigrada; a sloth. Also figurative. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > order Edentata > [noun] > family Bradypodidae (sloth) sloth1613 sluggard1668 lazya1682 tardigrade1827 bradypod1833 1827 E. Griffith et al. Cuvier's Animal Kingdom III. 251 The tardigrades will form the first class [of the Edentata]... Their name is derived from their excessive slowness. 1835 W. Kirby On Power of God in Creation of Animals II. xvii. 208 The last family..in the present Order [sc. Edentates] is very well distinguished by the name of Tardigrades. 1896 A. Tille tr. F. Nietzsche Thus spake Zarathustra 308 For if ye are not sick and worn out wretches of whom earth is weary, ye are sly tardigrades [Ger. Faulthiere]. a1933 J. A. Thomson Biol. for Everyman (1934) I. xiv. 377 In the technical name Tardigrade (also applied to the sloths) there is a reference to the very deliberate sluggish movements. B. adj. 1. a. That walks or moves slowly; slow-paced. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > rate of motion > slowness > [adjective] > moving slowly slowa1398 slow-movingc1450 slow-bellied1554 lazya1568 slow-footed1587 slow-paced1594 leaden-footed1596 snaily1596 snail-paced1597 dragglinga1599 leaden-heeled1598 ambling1600 slow-foot1607 sluggisha1616 slow-pacing1616 tortoise-paced1623 slow-going1634 leaden-stepping1645 tardigradous1652 tardigrade1656 snail-crawleda1658 dawdling1773 loitering1791–2 slow-stepping1793 creepy1794 lugging1816 tortoise-footed1818 crawling1820 creepy-crawly1858 slowing1877 lead-foot1896 soodling1951 1656 T. Blount Glossographia Tardigrade, that goeth slow or hath a slow pace. 1852 G. C. Mundy Our Antipodes II. xiv. 402 The Deborah proved a marine hackney-coach of the most tardigrade order. 1875 W. Houghton Sketches Brit. Insects 145 The Meloë..a bloated, tardigrade, wingless beetle upon the meadow. 1981 T. C. Boyle Water Music (1983) iii. 352 The steady wash of the rain, the tardigrade progress, the inexorable attrition. 1996 G. Goodland Littoral 11 From deserted village to inflated towns, hypertrophy of B&Bs & retirement complexes. Too far for my tardigrade feet. b. figurative. Slow in thought or action; sluggish, unprogressive. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > manner of action > slowness of action or operation > [adjective] > specifically of persons slowc1300 sluggishc1450 tardious?1572 dreich1606 slowback1610 reluctant1797 tardigrade1813 the world > action or operation > inaction > disinclination to act or listlessness > [adjective] > sluggish or heavy slowOE sluggy?c1225 dull1393 slowfulc1400 sluggedc1430 sluggingc1430 slugc1440 sluggishc1450 lithera1500 peakish1519 lumpish1528 sopit1528 loiterous1566 slugring1566 drowsy1570 slow-bellied1576 snailish1581 blate1597 druggly1611 jacent1611 clammy1622 loggish1642 ignave1657 sliving1661 druggle-headed1694 slow-coachish1844 loggy1847 logy1859 tardigradous1866 tardigrade1883 1813 New Ann. Reg. 1812 Domest. Lit. 394/2 Mr. Brougham..has advised that we should commence upon a small scale, and proceed with a cautious and most tardigrade pace. 1883 Pall Mall Gaz. 28 Dec. 4/2 Even in our tardigrade West Country the farmer has begun to discover,..that he, too, is an economical power. 1999 M. Sáenz Identity Liberation Lat. Amer. Thought ii. 138 Davis mentions..two intimately connected characteristics of the Latin American Enlightenment, namely its tardigrade character and its political conservatism. 2. Zoology. a. Of or relating to the former suborder Tardigrada of edentate mammals, comprising the sloths. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > order Edentata > [adjective] > relating or belonging to sloths tardigrade1800 bradypodal1843 1800 A. Carlisle in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 90 101 The habits of life among the tardigrade animals, give occasion for the long continued contraction of some muscles in their limbs. 1855 R. Owen in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 145 360 Imbued with the principles of the transcendental and transmutative hypotheses.., they regard the great Megatherium and Megalonyx as being not merely predecessors but progenitors of those still lingering remnants of the tardigrade race. 1892 W. H. Hudson Naturalist in La Plata xxii. 350 Tardigrade mammals of arboreal habits. 1998 Paleobiology 24 377/2 Naples..applied Greave's model to tardigrade edentates with proportionally larger teeth and more prominent ridges of hard dentine than in eutatines. b. Of or relating to the invertebrate phylum or group Tardigrada. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Arachnida > [adjective] > belonging to Tardigrada tardigrade1848 1848 E. Lankester in Todd's Cycl. Anat. & Physiol. IV. 415/1 Doyere states that he has found zoospores in the tardigrade Infusoria. 1857 Eclectic Mag. Jan. 51/2 The rotifera and tardigrade animalcules support a heat of 212°C. 1927 Science 9 Dec. 554/1 The Tardigrade genus Macrobiotus occurs in the lake. 1987 M. S. Laverack & J. Dando Lect. Notes Invertebr. Zool. (ed. 3) xxiv. 138/1 The tardigrade juvenile is small with a head and four segments. 2004 Proc. Royal Soc. B. 271 Suppl. 4. 189/2 In the British Isles, the tardigrade fauna has been studied by Murray..and Morgan & King. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < n.adj.1623
随便看	gasometers gasometric gasometry gasoperated gasoscope gasp gasp after gasp for gasp one's breath away gasp one's last gasp one's life away gasp up the ghost gaspant gasped gasper gaspereau gaspergou gaspermeable gaspers gaspiness gasping gaspinglier gaspingliest gaspingly gaspings