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单词 territorialism
释义

territorialismn.

Brit. /ˌtɛrᵻˈtɔːrɪəlɪz(ə)m/, U.S. /ˌtɛrəˈtɔriəˌlɪzəm/
Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: territorial adj., -ism suffix.
Etymology: < territorial adj. + -ism suffix. In sense 2 after German Territorialsystem (1777 or earlier). Compare territoriality n.
1. A system which gives predominance to the landed class; landlordism. Now historical and rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > rule or government > a or the system of government > systems based on specific principle > [noun] > system favouring landed class
territorialism1823
1823 Lit. Examiner 27 Dec. 409 ‘A nation of shopkeepers’ must always prosper..as long as other nations are kept in territorialism and backwardness.
1868 J. Scott Sharp Spear & Flaming Sword Polit. Justice 202 Territorialism and the hereditary principle are passing away.
1884 Manch. Examiner 19 June 5/1 The old flag of Tory territorialism or the new ensign of Tory democracy.
1907 T. H. S. Escott Society in Country House viii. 222 The commercial territorialism..won its first recognition in the peerages bestowed by the second Pitt.
1967 M. Cowling 1867 i. 52 Territorialism was not just a party doctrine. Conservatives were not the only politicians who assumed that the landed interest was legitimate and defensible.
2. A theory of Church government according to which supreme ecclesiastical authority is vested in the civil power. Cf. collegialism n.The principle of territorialism was first established by the Treaty of Augsburg in 1555, which provided for the compulsory conformity of all the inhabitants of a territory of the Holy Roman Empire to the religion of their ruler.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > church government > kinds of church government > Erastianism > [noun]
Erastianism1681
territorialism1851
regalism1863
Caesarism1876
Caesaro-papism1890
1851 Brit. Q. Rev. 1 Nov. 403 To found all right to this territorialism upon an act of state, would be to..admit a naked, out-and-out Erastianism.
1888 P. Schaff Hist. Christian Church VI. i. viii. 25 Territorialism, whose motto is Cujus regio, ejus religio.
1925 C. A. Athearn Interchurch Govt. xi. 292 Even to-day the doctrine of territorialism finds stanch defenders among Episcopalians, Lutherans, and Presbyterians.
1984 J. Stroup Struggle for Identity in Clerical Estate ii. 64 Collegialism..provided Mosheim with an opportunity to elaborate a rival system of church law as an alternative to territorialism.
2002 E. W. Gritsch Hist. of Lutheranism iv. 109 A Lutheran model of a territorialism that united civil and spiritual powers.
3. Association with a particular geographical area; loyalty to or defence of one's own territory or region, esp. as considered more important than the larger nation, state, etc., of which it is a part.In later use sometimes overlapping with sense 7b.
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1855 F. Rowan tr. G. Diezel Formation National Party in Germany 32 What is wanting here is faith in the inherent strength of the nation... This passivity..belongs to the character of territorialism, and of the parties within the individual states.
1914 School Rev. Monogr. No. 5. 38 This provincialism, or better, perhaps, territorialism, assumes that personal and professional fitness for teaching are determined and limited by parallels of latitude or state boundaries.
1968 Jrnl. Mod. Afr. Stud. 6 105 The familiar and opposing categories of tribalism..and nationalism should be supplanted by nationalism and territorialism respectively.
1989 Japan Econ. Jrnl. (Nexis) 8 Apr. 8 This may seem a safe path to take amidst the growing regional territorialism in the EC.
2006 Univ. Miami Inter-Amer. Law Rev. 37 618 Mexico is trying to depart from absolute territorialism to a meaningful commitment to participate in the global economy, including signing international rather than only Inter-American conventions.
4. Scottish. The organization of church work on territorial lines; the delineation of particular areas of a parish for independent mission work in the Church of Scotland. See territorial adj. 1c. Now historical and rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > faith > church government > kinds of church government > territorialism > [noun]
territorialism1866
1866 London Q. Rev. Jan. 285 The system of territorialism—that is, of marking off mission districts, and working them till they yield a church and congregation—has been wonderfully blessed in the great cities of Scotland.
1873 T. Cochrane Home Mission Work (1885) vi. 133 The grand practical work of Territorialism.
1904 J. Wells Life J. H. Wilson vi. 51 Territorialism is the parochial system in its perfection, adjusted to the needs of a great city.
1920 Scotsman 20 Mar. 10/7 Their separation and inevitable independent and competitive organisations hampered and..prevented the adoption of such an approved territorialism.
1985 O. Chadwick in Pract. & Pious iii. 74 The basis had to be territorialism, the provision of a minister for every parish.
5. The organization of the Army on a territorial or local basis. See territorial adj. 4. Now rare.
ΘΚΠ
society > armed hostility > military organization > [noun] > types of organization
volunteerism1844
palikarism1854
territorialism1872
reservery1878
pivotalism1919
squadrism1926
1872 Nation 27 June 421 The great advantage of territorialism is thus lost, which is the rapidity and cheapness of mobilization.
1903 Sat. Rev. 24 Oct. 503/2 Territorialism may often be good as a recruiting principle, but seldom as a limit to a regiment's definition.
1916 Fortn. Rev. July 58 They are citizens first and soldiers afterwards. And..this ‘compulsory territorialism’ is far from damping the volunteer energies of the nation.
1998 J. Childs Mil. Use of Land 269 Territorialism was institutionalized resulting in a healthy growth of regimental and corps museums, usually situated in the depot town.
6. Chiefly with capital initial. A Jewish movement aiming to secure an autonomous territory for the Jews in any suitable and available part of the world (not necessarily Palestine; cf. Zionism n.); the beliefs or doctrine of this movement. Now historical.
ΘΚΠ
society > society and the community > social attitudes > patriotism > nationalism > [noun] > Jewish
Zionism1896
territorialism1905
1905 Menorah Oct. 227 When..she was approaching a discussion of the development of Territorialism and Zionism, the President of the Section declared that her time was up.
1917 A. Cahan Rise of David Levinsky (1993) xiii. iv. 474 Anna professed Israel Zangwill's modified Zionism or Territorialism.
1977 Jewish Social Stud. 39 219 Territorialism was not so vital an issue with non-Zionists as with anti-Zionists.
2007 Jerusalem Post (Nexis) 24 Aug. 34 As a proponent of territorialism he believed in directing masses of Russian Jews to ‘ITOland’ [ITO = Jewish Territorial Organization] where autonomy would be established.
7.
a. Zoology. = territoriality n. 2a.
ΘΚΠ
the world > animals > by habits or actions > habits and actions > [noun] > territoriality
territoriality1921
territorialism1930
scent marking1950
1930 Condor 32 218/2 Men like Howard, Nicholson, Selous and Huxley, are leading the world in the re-discovery of field ornithology,... Selous, for instance, has no love for ‘territorialism’.
1969 A. Wheeler Fishes Brit. Isles & N.-W. Europe 410 Strong territorialism is shown [in gobies], the males defending a suitable nesting site.
2001 N. Jones Rough Guide Trav. Health ii. 328 When they [sc. sharks] do strike, it's usually territorialism or in response to some kind of commotion.
b. Human behaviour characterized by aggressive defence of a particular area, sphere of activity or influence, etc.; possessiveness. Cf. territoriality n. 2b.
ΚΠ
1974 Contemp. Sociol. 3 514/1 Fromm also challenges some widely held notions regarding territorialism, crowding, predatory aggression, etc. as factors in human aggression.
1980 Christian Sci. Monitor (Nexis) 3 June 18 The strong sense of neighborhood identity in Boston has unified the people within the neighborhood. But it has also led to territorialism, which says, ‘This is my turf. Keep out’.
1998 Community Care 30 Apr. 5/4 Social services departments must embrace the new agenda, work co-operatively and refrain from territorialism.
2010 Sun-Sentinel (Fort Lauderdale, Florida) (Nexis) 24 June Petty jealousies, territorialism and back-biting are as common as in any heavily populated workplace.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2011; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1823
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