/ˈsɪnsaɪt/.syncytiumn.
/sɪnˈsɪtɪəm/, U.S. /sɪnˈsɪʃəm//ˈsɪnsaɪt/. Biology.
(a) A single cell or protoplasmic mass containing several nuclei, formed either by fusion of a number of cells without fusion of the nuclei, or by division of the nucleus without division of the cell-substance. (b) A structure composed of such cells forming the outermost fetal layer of the placenta.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > substance > cell > cell organelle or contents > [noun] > nucleus > structure containing several
syncytium1877
cœnocyte1900
myoball1976
the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > embryo or fetus > membranes, etc., of embryo or fetus > [noun] > placenta > part of
saucer1662
syncytium1877
symplasma1908
1877 T. H. Huxley Man. Anat. Invertebrated Animals iii. 113.
1878 F. J. Bell & E. R. Lankester tr. C. Gegenbaur Elements Compar. Anat. §26. 31 One [group of muscular tissue] consists of cells simple in form, the other of fibres derived from cell-aggregates, or from syncytia; the latter is indicated by the presence of numerous cell-nuclei.
1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VI. 260 The presence of emboli of placental giant-cells (syncytium) in the pulmonary capillaries in cases of puerperal eclampsia.
1909 J. W. Jenkinson Exper. Embryol. 55 The fusion of distinct cells into a syncytium, as in the trophoblast.
Derivatives
syncytial adj. /-ˈsɪtɪəl/ of the nature of or relating to a syncytium.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > embryo or fetus > membranes, etc., of embryo or fetus > [adjective] > placenta > part of
maternal1691
syncytial1895
symplasmatic1923
1895 Athenæum 29 June 842/1 The origin of the ova from syncytial masses of protoplasm.
1903 Thayer Schmaus' Path. & Pathol. Anat. 545 Syncytial masses, or trabeculæ of syncytial cells.
synˈcytiolyse v. /-laɪz/ [compare syncytiolysin n.] to cause destruction of the syncytium (see sense b).
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disorders of pregnancy or birth > have or cause pregnancy or birth disorder [verb (intransitive)] > cause destruction of the synctium
syncytiolyse1905
1905 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 26 Aug. (Epitome) 35/1 Syncytiolysing antibodies.
syncytiolysin n. /-ˈɒlɪsɪn/ [ < lysin n.] (see quot.).
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > substance > process stimulators or inhibitors > lysin or lysate > [noun] > types of lysin
autolysin1900
bacteriolysin1900
haemolysin1900
cytolysin1901
heterolysin1901
isolysin1901
staphylolysin1904
streptolysin1904
isohaemolysin1905
syncytiolysin1913
fibrinolysin1915
1913 W. A. N. Dorland Illustr. Med. Dict. (ed. 7) 931/2 Syncytiolysin, a lysin destructive to the syncytium.
Categories »
ˌsyncytiˈoma n. [ < modern Latin after sarcoma, etc.] a tumour of the syncytium (sense b).
syncytioˈtoxin n. (see quot.).
ΚΠ
1913 W. A. N. Dorland Illustr. Med. Dict. (ed. 7) 931/2 Syncytiotoxin, a toxin that has a specific action on the syncytium.
synˌcytioˈtrophoblast n. the outer, syncytial layer of the trophoblast; (also) one of the cells that make up this layer.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > embryo or fetus > embryo parts > [noun] > trophoblast
trophoblast1889
plasmoditrophoblast1905
trophectoderm1915
syncytiotrophoblast1926
1926 Jrnl. Anat. (Proc. Anat. Soc.) 61 77 The trophoblast consists of a thick folded cellular layer (cytotrophoblast), on the outer surface of which an irregular and as yet thin deeply staining layer of syncytio-trophoblast is in process of differentiation.
1961 Nature 29 July 510/1 In human beings, the syncytiotrophoblasts are the fœtal cells in direct contact with the maternal bloodstream.
1980 Sci. Amer. Aug. 82/2 (caption) As the invasion proceeds the trophoblast differentiates into two layers, the outer syncytiotrophoblast, which leads the advance into the endometrium, and the cytotrophoblast, which forms a complex system of projections that eventually push through the syncytiotrophoblast into the pools of maternal blood.
synˌcytiotrophoˈblastic adj.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > biology > biological processes > procreation or reproduction > embryo or fetus > embryo parts > [adjective] > trophoblast, etc.
parablastic1883
trophospongian1889
neuroectodermic1908
neuroectodermal1946
trophectodermal1946
syncytiotrophoblastic1961
1961 Nature 29 July 511/1 The evidence favours the interpretation of the binding of tagged globulin from post-partum sera by the syncytiotrophoblastic cytoplasm as an immune phenomenon.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1919; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1877