symphonyn.

Brit.

/ˈsɪmfəni/, U.S.

/ˈsɪmfəni/

Forms: Middle English symphanye, Middle English symfonye, Middle English symphonye, Middle English–1600s symphonie (Middle English syn-), Middle English–1500s simphony(e, Middle English–1600s simphonie, 1500s simphoni, Middle English– symphony.

Etymology: < Old French simphonie (from 12th cent.), modern French symphonie = Italian sinfonia , Spanish sinfonia , Portuguese senfoni , < Latin symphōnia sound of instruments, instrumental harmony, voices in concert, musical instrument ( Dan. iii. 5, Luke xv. 25), < Greek συμϕωνία agreement or concord of sound, concert of vocal or instrumental music, ? musical instrument, < σύμϕωνος harmonious, < σύν sym- prefix + ϕωνή sound.

†1. Used, after late Latin symphōnia, as a name for various musical instruments. (See also symphan n.) Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > other musical instruments > [noun] > others

coriunc1275

symphonyc1290

symphan1303

minstrelsyc1390

bougounc1400

clokarde?c1475

dulsacordisa1525

symphioun1578

sumphion?1590

clasher1621

orphion1658

polyphone1684

roundball1688

phonomime1834

orchestrion1838

sabbeka1844

bullroarer1848

creaker1855

melodikon1857

symphonia1864

organophone1880

magnetophone1883

Kaffir piano1897

jazzophone1926

mouth bow1932

wobbleboard1960

singing bowl1980

c1290 St. Thomas 80 in S. Eng. Leg. I. 379 Tabours and fiþele and symphanye.

c1380 Eng. Wycliffite Serm. in Sel. Wks. II. 73 Symphonye and croude weren herd whanne apostlis knewen alle wittis.

c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Dan. iii. 7 Anoon as alle peplis harden the sown of trumpe, pype, and harpe, sambuke, and sautrie, synphonie, and al kynde of musikis.

c1386 G. Chaucer Sir Thopas 104 With harpe and pype and symphonye.

a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xix. cxxxvi. 1391 The symphonye is an instrument of musik, and is ymade of holowȝ tre yclosed in leþer in eiþer syde. And mynstralles beþ it with stikkes.

1426 J. Lydgate tr. G. de Guileville Pilgrimage Life Man 11620 To pleye on sondry Instrumentys, On harpe, lut, & on gyterne,..On rebube and on symphonye.

1567 J. Maplet Greene Forest f. 42 Hereof [sc. elder] are made certain kinds of instruments and especially a kinde of Symphonie whiche the common sort call a Pipe: the learned and more ciuil kinde of men name it a Dulcimer.

1602 J. Marston Antonios Reuenge iv. v. sig. I^v The strings of natures symphony Are crackt.

1876 J. Stainer & W. A. Barrett Dict. Musical Terms 414/1 In the seventeenth century the virginal was sometimes spoken of as a symphony... A bagpipe has also been called a symphony, perhaps a corruption of the word sampogna.

2. Harmony of sound, esp. of musical sounds; concord, consonance. Also occasionally of speech-sounds, as in verse. Now rare or Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > [noun] > agreement of sounds or harmony

cordc1300

accordmentc1330

concorda1340

accorda1387

consonancya1387

accordancea1400

cordinga1400

symphonyc1440

proportiona1450

chord?c1475

uthec1478

attemperance1481

consonant1483

monochordc1500

concordancea1513

concent1538

consort1587

harmoge1601

minstrelsy1605

dissonancy1626

harmoniousness1679

harmonicalness1693

concentus1769

attune1850

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > thing heard > [noun] > sound > assemblage or body of > blended or concordant > quality of

concorda1340

consonancya1387

symphonyc1440

consonance1594

c1440 J. Capgrave Life St. Katherine i. 385 Armonye is in voyse, in smytyng or wynde, Symphonye & euphonye arn of hys kynde.

a1505 R. Henryson Orpheus & Eurydice 231 in Poems (1981) 139 Fyve hevynly symphonyis... First dyatesseron,.. And dyapason, symple and duplate; And dyapente, componyt with a dys.

1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie i. ii. 3 By reason of our rime and tunable concords or simphonie.

1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xvi. 145 A rime of good simphonie should not conclude his concords with one & the same terminant sillable,..but with diuers and like terminants.

1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 228 The harmonie of musicke..hath symphony by antiphony (that is to say) the accord ariseth from discord.

1660 E. Waterhouse Disc. Arms & Armory 25 As in Consorts notes answer each other to a Symphony, so in Armory there must be regularity.

1797 A. Radcliffe Italian i She touched her lute in sweet symphony.

1837 B. Disraeli Venetia II. 123 Stanzas glittering with the most refined images, and resonant with the most subtle symphony.

1856 J. Williams tr. Anc. Gram. Edeyrn §1787 The resumption of letters and symphony takes place when the verses harmonise together at the beginning; as..Pum heryr..Pum haerwy.

3. Harmony (in general), agreement, accord, concord, congruity. Now rare or Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > order > agreement, harmony, or congruity > [noun]

accordmentc1330

accorda1398

consonancya1398

unitya1398

accordancea1400

commoningc1400

convenience1413

correspondence1413

answeringc1425

conformityc1430

consonance1430

congruity1447

concordancec1450

consonantc1475

agreement1495

monochordc1500

conveniencya1513

agreeance1525

agreeableness1531

concinnity1531

congruence1533

harmony?1533

concent1563

tunableness1569

agreeing1575

answerableness1577

concert1578

consent1578

sympathy1578

concord1579

symphonia1579

correspondency1589

atone1595

coherence1597

respondence1598

symphony1598

sortance1600

coherency1603

respondency1603

symbolizing1605

coaptation1614

compositiona1616

sympathizing1632

comportance1648

compliance1649

syntax1649

concinneness1655

symmetry1655

homology1656

consistency1659

consentaneousness1660

consistence1670

comportment1675

harmoniousness1679

symbolism1722

congruousness1727

accordancy1790

sameness1790

consentaneity1798

consilience1840

chime1847

consensus1854

solidarity1874

synchromesh1966

concordancing1976

1598 J. Stow Suruay of London 462 To conclude therefore the estate of London for gouernment is so agreeable a Symphony with the rest, that there is no feare of dangerous discord to ensue thereby.

1647 Bp. J. Taylor Θεολογία Ἐκλεκτική iii. 61 The Jewes pretend that the Christians have corrupted many places, on purpose to make symphony between both the Testaments.

1691 J. Norris Pract. Disc. Divine Subj. 327 To disturb the Moral Harmony of the Universe, and to hinder the symphony and agreement of the Two Worlds.

1752 D. Hume Ess. & Treat. (1777) II. 324 He must move some universal principle..and touch a string, to which all mankind have an accord and symphony.

1858 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia II. x. ii. 594 Their domestic symphony was liable to furious flaws.

a. (transferred from 2.) Music in parts, sung or played by a number of performers with pleasing effect; concerted or harmonious music; a performance or strain of such music. Chiefly poetic or rhetorical.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > type of music > [noun] > music in parts

symphony1599

part music1869

1599 T. Storer Life & Death Wolsey sig. K3 Sweete songs of many parts, Angells the quire, whose Symphonie to heare, Is able to prouoke conceiuing harts, To misconceiue of al inticing Arts.

1645 J. Milton On Christ's Nativity: Hymn xiii, in Poems 7 Ring out ye Crystall sphears,..And with your ninefold harmony Make up full consort to th' Angelike symphony.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost v. 162 Ye Sons of light, Angels,..with songs And choral symphonies, Day without Night, Circle his Throne rejoycing.

1700 J. Dryden Flower & Leaf in Fables 391 From afar I heard a suddain Symphony of War.

1797 A. Radcliffe Italian I. vi. 139 Her sorrow did not allow her to join in the choral symphonies of the nuns.

1815 W. Scott Lord of Isles i. i. 6 Ne'er to symphony more sweet Gave mountain echoes answer meet.

1845 B. Disraeli Sybil II. iv. vi. 212 Suddenly the organ burst forth, a celestial symphony floated in the lofty roof.

b. figurative. A collection of utterances, or sounds of any kind, likened to concerted music; a ‘chorus’ (of praise, etc.).

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > thing heard > [noun] > sound > assemblage or body of

concert1600

symphony1654

mass1873

1654 R. Whitlock Ζωοτομία 456 I have seldome heard in any Discourse of but foure, or five Parts..a Symphony of Commendations of an absent man,..without some one..striking a F Fa ut—But of Diminution.

1713 R. Steele in Guardian 14 Apr. 2/2 We now and then discharge our selves in a Symphony of Laughter.

1728 J. Thomson Spring 29 While I deduce, From the first Note the hollow Cuckoo sings, The Symphony of Spring.

1849 H. W. Longfellow Dedication in Seaside & Fireside 3 The grand, majestic symphonies of ocean.

1862 E. M. Goulburn Thoughts Personal Relig. (1873) ii. x. 139 Praying and giving thanks..will constitute..a beautiful symphony in the ears of the Most High.

c. Applied to a collection or composition of various colours which harmonize, with pleasing or brilliant effect.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > colour relationships > [noun] > harmony

symphony1874

harmonization1897

1874 R. St. J. Tyrwhitt Our Sketching Club 257 Symphonies of colour, like Whistler's.

1885 Harper's Mag. Mar. 524/1 The mantel is exquisite, a symphony in white and gold.

1895 R. W. Chambers Street of Our Lady of Fields in King in Yellow iv Neat girls..bearing milliners' boxes, students with black portfolios and high hats,..quick-stepping officers, symphonies in turquoise and silver.

5. Music.

a. A passage for instruments alone (or, by extension, for a single instrument) occurring in a vocal composition as an introduction, interlude, or close to an accompaniment (partly = ritornello n.); also, a short instrumental movement occurring between vocal movements, as the ‘Pastoral Symphony’ in Handel's ‘Messiah’; also formerly applied to a more extended instrumental piece, often in several movements, forming the overture to an opera or other vocal work of large dimensions (cf. sense 5b).

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > piece of music > section of piece of music > [noun] > main division of opus > instrumental in vocal work

ritornel1632

ritornello1632

symphony1661

symphonia1724

1661 S. Pepys Diary 19 May (1970) II. 103 Captain Cooke, Mr. Gibbons, and others of the King's Musique were come to present my Lord with some songs and Symphonys, which were performed very finely.

1662 S. Pepys Diary 14 Sept. (1970) III. 197 Having Vialls and other Instruments to play a Symphony between every verse of the Anthem.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iii. 368 Thir gold'n Harps they took,..and with Præamble sweet Of charming symphonie they introduce Thir sacred Song.

1763 J. Brown Diss. Poetry & Music xii. 207 Whoever is inclined to hear a Succession of Symphonies and Songs, set off with..all the Refinement of Execution that can Inchant the Ear, let him attend the Opera.

1778 F. Burney Evelina I. xxi. 159 During the symphony of a song..young Mr. Braughton said, ‘It's my belief that that fellow's going to sing another song.’

1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake i. 37 She sung, and still a harp unseen Filled up the symphony between.

1836 C. Dickens Sketches by Boz 2nd Ser. 31 Smuggins, after a considerable quantity of coughing by way of symphony,..sings a comic song.

b. An elaborate orchestral composition in three or more movements, originally developed from the operative overture (see sense 5a), similar in form to a sonata, but usually of grander dimensions and broader style.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > piece of music > type of piece > piece in specific form > [noun] > symphony

symphony1789

sinfonia1818

1789 C. Burney Gen. Hist. Music IV. 482 His [sc. J. C. Bach's] symphonies, quartets, and concertos for almost every species of instrument.

1830 Examiner 148/2 Beethoven's symphony led off.

1866 C. Engel Introd. Study National Music v. 179 A composition for a number of different instruments in combination,—as, for instance, a Symphony or any other orchestral work.

1880 G. Grove Dict. Music I. 352 Choral Symphony, the ordinary English title for Beethoven's 9th Symphony,..the Finale of which is a chain of variations for solos and chorus.

1880 G. Grove Dict. Music II. 671 Pastoral Symphony, The. ‘Sinfonia Pastorale, No. 6’, is the title of the published score of Beethoven's 6th Symphony.

1889 C. H. H. Parry in G. Grove Dict. Music IV. 15 Emmanuel Bach..began writing symphonies in 1741, when Haydn was only nine years old.

1889 J. Maitland in G. Grove Dict. Music IV. 799 Toy Symphony (Ger. Kindersinfonie..), the English name by which a certain work of Haydn's is known... The toy instruments employed are a ‘cuckoo’ .., a trumpet and drum.., a whistle, a triangle, and a ‘quail’... Andreas Romberg wrote a symphony for much the same instruments... Mr. Franklin Taylor has written one for piano and toys.

†c. Singing by the whole of a choir or congregation together. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > singing > [noun] > singing together

chorus1656

choiring1773

symphony1776

choristry1860

community singing1875

choralism1927

1776 J. Hawkins Gen. Hist. Music I. iii. iv. 289 The second and third [methods of singing psalms] were..distinguished by the names of symphony and antiphony.

d. elliptical for ‘symphony orchestra’.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musician > instrumentalist > company of instrumentalists > [noun] > orchestra > types of

Philharmonic Orchestra1740

philharmonica1796

gamelan1816

chamber orchestra1880

symphony1926

palm court orchestra1942

youth orchestra1948

Phil1949

steel orchestra1952

sinfonietta1970

sinfonia1976

1926 P. Whiteman & M. M. McBride Jazz xiv. 287 The unknown composer has to pay to get his compositions played by a good symphony.

1934 S. R. Nelson All about Jazz v. 87 Symphony work, although of the highest ton, is not very lucrative, and most players have additional sources of income.

1968 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 17 Feb. 23/4 The former manager of the Vancouver Symphony.

1977 Times 23 Apr. 11/3 The seven arias skimpily supported by the Barcelona Symphony.

Compounds

General attributive. (In sense 5b.)

symphony concert n.

ΚΠ

1863 Dwight's Jrnl. Music 23 110/3 Our concern now is with the concerts... To begin with the most important, those of the Orchestra, the so-called ‘Philharmonic’, or Symphony concerts.

1919 Daily Mail Year Bk. 200/1 Conductor of the Promenade Concerts since 1895, the Queen's Hall Symphony Concerts.

1932 Daily Tel. 8 Oct. 1/6 B.B.C. Symphony Concerts.

1956 A. H. Compton Atomic Quest ii. 68 On one occasion, Mrs. Edward Ryerson saw me as I was seeking a little relaxation at a symphony concert.

symphony form n.

ΚΠ

1911 Contemp. Rev. May 615 The idea that the symphonic poem is a further development of the symphony form.

symphony orchestra n.

ΚΠ

1881 in Grove Dict. Music (1884) IV. 43/1 Orchestra to be permanent, and to be called The Boston Symphony Orchestra.

1932 Daily Tel. 8 Oct. 1/6 London Symphony Orchestra.

1978 Ann. Reg. 1977 404 Their success went a good way towards discounting the much-publicized theory that the conventional symphony orchestra now exists only for the purpose of playing music from the past.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1919; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	symphony
释义	symphonyn. Brit. /ˈsɪmfəni/, U.S. /ˈsɪmfəni/ Forms: Middle English symphanye, Middle English symfonye, Middle English symphonye, Middle English–1600s symphonie (Middle English syn-), Middle English–1500s simphony(e, Middle English–1600s simphonie, 1500s simphoni, Middle English– symphony. Etymology: < Old French simphonie (from 12th cent.), modern French symphonie = Italian sinfonia , Spanish sinfonia , Portuguese senfoni , < Latin symphōnia sound of instruments, instrumental harmony, voices in concert, musical instrument ( Dan. iii. 5, Luke xv. 25), < Greek συμϕωνία agreement or concord of sound, concert of vocal or instrumental music, ? musical instrument, < σύμϕωνος harmonious, < σύν sym- prefix + ϕωνή sound. †1. Used, after late Latin symphōnia, as a name for various musical instruments. (See also symphan n.) Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical instrument > other musical instruments > [noun] > others coriunc1275 symphonyc1290 symphan1303 minstrelsyc1390 bougounc1400 clokarde?c1475 dulsacordisa1525 symphioun1578 sumphion?1590 clasher1621 orphion1658 polyphone1684 roundball1688 phonomime1834 orchestrion1838 sabbeka1844 bullroarer1848 creaker1855 melodikon1857 symphonia1864 organophone1880 magnetophone1883 Kaffir piano1897 jazzophone1926 mouth bow1932 wobbleboard1960 singing bowl1980 c1290 St. Thomas 80 in S. Eng. Leg. I. 379 Tabours and fiþele and symphanye. c1380 Eng. Wycliffite Serm. in Sel. Wks. II. 73 Symphonye and croude weren herd whanne apostlis knewen alle wittis. c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Dan. iii. 7 Anoon as alle peplis harden the sown of trumpe, pype, and harpe, sambuke, and sautrie, synphonie, and al kynde of musikis. c1386 G. Chaucer Sir Thopas 104 With harpe and pype and symphonye. a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add. 27944) (1975) II. xix. cxxxvi. 1391 The symphonye is an instrument of musik, and is ymade of holowȝ tre yclosed in leþer in eiþer syde. And mynstralles beþ it with stikkes. 1426 J. Lydgate tr. G. de Guileville Pilgrimage Life Man 11620 To pleye on sondry Instrumentys, On harpe, lut, & on gyterne,..On rebube and on symphonye. 1567 J. Maplet Greene Forest f. 42 Hereof [sc. elder] are made certain kinds of instruments and especially a kinde of Symphonie whiche the common sort call a Pipe: the learned and more ciuil kinde of men name it a Dulcimer. 1602 J. Marston Antonios Reuenge iv. v. sig. I^v The strings of natures symphony Are crackt. 1876 J. Stainer & W. A. Barrett Dict. Musical Terms 414/1 In the seventeenth century the virginal was sometimes spoken of as a symphony... A bagpipe has also been called a symphony, perhaps a corruption of the word sampogna. 2. Harmony of sound, esp. of musical sounds; concord, consonance. Also occasionally of speech-sounds, as in verse. Now rare or Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > [noun] > agreement of sounds or harmony cordc1300 accordmentc1330 concorda1340 accorda1387 consonancya1387 accordancea1400 cordinga1400 symphonyc1440 proportiona1450 chord?c1475 uthec1478 attemperance1481 consonant1483 monochordc1500 concordancea1513 concent1538 consort1587 harmoge1601 minstrelsy1605 dissonancy1626 harmoniousness1679 harmonicalness1693 concentus1769 attune1850 the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > thing heard > [noun] > sound > assemblage or body of > blended or concordant > quality of concorda1340 consonancya1387 symphonyc1440 consonance1594 c1440 J. Capgrave Life St. Katherine i. 385 Armonye is in voyse, in smytyng or wynde, Symphonye & euphonye arn of hys kynde. a1505 R. Henryson Orpheus & Eurydice 231 in Poems (1981) 139 Fyve hevynly symphonyis... First dyatesseron,.. And dyapason, symple and duplate; And dyapente, componyt with a dys. 1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie i. ii. 3 By reason of our rime and tunable concords or simphonie. 1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie iii. xvi. 145 A rime of good simphonie should not conclude his concords with one & the same terminant sillable,..but with diuers and like terminants. 1603 P. Holland tr. Plutarch Morals 228 The harmonie of musicke..hath symphony by antiphony (that is to say) the accord ariseth from discord. 1660 E. Waterhouse Disc. Arms & Armory 25 As in Consorts notes answer each other to a Symphony, so in Armory there must be regularity. 1797 A. Radcliffe Italian i She touched her lute in sweet symphony. 1837 B. Disraeli Venetia II. 123 Stanzas glittering with the most refined images, and resonant with the most subtle symphony. 1856 J. Williams tr. Anc. Gram. Edeyrn §1787 The resumption of letters and symphony takes place when the verses harmonise together at the beginning; as..Pum heryr..Pum haerwy. 3. Harmony (in general), agreement, accord, concord, congruity. Now rare or Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > order > agreement, harmony, or congruity > [noun] accordmentc1330 accorda1398 consonancya1398 unitya1398 accordancea1400 commoningc1400 convenience1413 correspondence1413 answeringc1425 conformityc1430 consonance1430 congruity1447 concordancec1450 consonantc1475 agreement1495 monochordc1500 conveniencya1513 agreeance1525 agreeableness1531 concinnity1531 congruence1533 harmony?1533 concent1563 tunableness1569 agreeing1575 answerableness1577 concert1578 consent1578 sympathy1578 concord1579 symphonia1579 correspondency1589 atone1595 coherence1597 respondence1598 symphony1598 sortance1600 coherency1603 respondency1603 symbolizing1605 coaptation1614 compositiona1616 sympathizing1632 comportance1648 compliance1649 syntax1649 concinneness1655 symmetry1655 homology1656 consistency1659 consentaneousness1660 consistence1670 comportment1675 harmoniousness1679 symbolism1722 congruousness1727 accordancy1790 sameness1790 consentaneity1798 consilience1840 chime1847 consensus1854 solidarity1874 synchromesh1966 concordancing1976 1598 J. Stow Suruay of London 462 To conclude therefore the estate of London for gouernment is so agreeable a Symphony with the rest, that there is no feare of dangerous discord to ensue thereby. 1647 Bp. J. Taylor Θεολογία Ἐκλεκτική iii. 61 The Jewes pretend that the Christians have corrupted many places, on purpose to make symphony between both the Testaments. 1691 J. Norris Pract. Disc. Divine Subj. 327 To disturb the Moral Harmony of the Universe, and to hinder the symphony and agreement of the Two Worlds. 1752 D. Hume Ess. & Treat. (1777) II. 324 He must move some universal principle..and touch a string, to which all mankind have an accord and symphony. 1858 T. Carlyle Hist. Friedrich II of Prussia II. x. ii. 594 Their domestic symphony was liable to furious flaws. 4. a. (transferred from 2.) Music in parts, sung or played by a number of performers with pleasing effect; concerted or harmonious music; a performance or strain of such music. Chiefly poetic or rhetorical. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > type of music > [noun] > music in parts symphony1599 part music1869 1599 T. Storer Life & Death Wolsey sig. K3 Sweete songs of many parts, Angells the quire, whose Symphonie to heare, Is able to prouoke conceiuing harts, To misconceiue of al inticing Arts. 1645 J. Milton On Christ's Nativity: Hymn xiii, in Poems 7 Ring out ye Crystall sphears,..And with your ninefold harmony Make up full consort to th' Angelike symphony. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost v. 162 Ye Sons of light, Angels,..with songs And choral symphonies, Day without Night, Circle his Throne rejoycing. View more context for this quotation 1700 J. Dryden Flower & Leaf in Fables 391 From afar I heard a suddain Symphony of War. 1797 A. Radcliffe Italian I. vi. 139 Her sorrow did not allow her to join in the choral symphonies of the nuns. 1815 W. Scott Lord of Isles i. i. 6 Ne'er to symphony more sweet Gave mountain echoes answer meet. 1845 B. Disraeli Sybil II. iv. vi. 212 Suddenly the organ burst forth, a celestial symphony floated in the lofty roof. b. figurative. A collection of utterances, or sounds of any kind, likened to concerted music; a ‘chorus’ (of praise, etc.). ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > thing heard > [noun] > sound > assemblage or body of concert1600 symphony1654 mass1873 1654 R. Whitlock Ζωοτομία 456 I have seldome heard in any Discourse of but foure, or five Parts..a Symphony of Commendations of an absent man,..without some one..striking a F Fa ut—But of Diminution. 1713 R. Steele in Guardian 14 Apr. 2/2 We now and then discharge our selves in a Symphony of Laughter. 1728 J. Thomson Spring 29 While I deduce, From the first Note the hollow Cuckoo sings, The Symphony of Spring. 1849 H. W. Longfellow Dedication in Seaside & Fireside 3 The grand, majestic symphonies of ocean. 1862 E. M. Goulburn Thoughts Personal Relig. (1873) ii. x. 139 Praying and giving thanks..will constitute..a beautiful symphony in the ears of the Most High. c. Applied to a collection or composition of various colours which harmonize, with pleasing or brilliant effect. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > colour relationships > [noun] > harmony symphony1874 harmonization1897 1874 R. St. J. Tyrwhitt Our Sketching Club 257 Symphonies of colour, like Whistler's. 1885 Harper's Mag. Mar. 524/1 The mantel is exquisite, a symphony in white and gold. 1895 R. W. Chambers Street of Our Lady of Fields in King in Yellow iv Neat girls..bearing milliners' boxes, students with black portfolios and high hats,..quick-stepping officers, symphonies in turquoise and silver. 5. Music. a. A passage for instruments alone (or, by extension, for a single instrument) occurring in a vocal composition as an introduction, interlude, or close to an accompaniment (partly = ritornello n.); also, a short instrumental movement occurring between vocal movements, as the ‘Pastoral Symphony’ in Handel's ‘Messiah’; also formerly applied to a more extended instrumental piece, often in several movements, forming the overture to an opera or other vocal work of large dimensions (cf. sense 5b). ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > piece of music > section of piece of music > [noun] > main division of opus > instrumental in vocal work ritornel1632 ritornello1632 symphony1661 symphonia1724 1661 S. Pepys Diary 19 May (1970) II. 103 Captain Cooke, Mr. Gibbons, and others of the King's Musique were come to present my Lord with some songs and Symphonys, which were performed very finely. 1662 S. Pepys Diary 14 Sept. (1970) III. 197 Having Vialls and other Instruments to play a Symphony between every verse of the Anthem. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iii. 368 Thir gold'n Harps they took,..and with Præamble sweet Of charming symphonie they introduce Thir sacred Song. View more context for this quotation 1763 J. Brown Diss. Poetry & Music xii. 207 Whoever is inclined to hear a Succession of Symphonies and Songs, set off with..all the Refinement of Execution that can Inchant the Ear, let him attend the Opera. 1778 F. Burney Evelina I. xxi. 159 During the symphony of a song..young Mr. Braughton said, ‘It's my belief that that fellow's going to sing another song.’ 1810 W. Scott Lady of Lake i. 37 She sung, and still a harp unseen Filled up the symphony between. 1836 C. Dickens Sketches by Boz 2nd Ser. 31 Smuggins, after a considerable quantity of coughing by way of symphony,..sings a comic song. b. An elaborate orchestral composition in three or more movements, originally developed from the operative overture (see sense 5a), similar in form to a sonata, but usually of grander dimensions and broader style. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > piece of music > type of piece > piece in specific form > [noun] > symphony symphony1789 sinfonia1818 1789 C. Burney Gen. Hist. Music IV. 482 His [sc. J. C. Bach's] symphonies, quartets, and concertos for almost every species of instrument. 1830 Examiner 148/2 Beethoven's symphony led off. 1866 C. Engel Introd. Study National Music v. 179 A composition for a number of different instruments in combination,—as, for instance, a Symphony or any other orchestral work. 1880 G. Grove Dict. Music I. 352 Choral Symphony, the ordinary English title for Beethoven's 9th Symphony,..the Finale of which is a chain of variations for solos and chorus. 1880 G. Grove Dict. Music II. 671 Pastoral Symphony, The. ‘Sinfonia Pastorale, No. 6’, is the title of the published score of Beethoven's 6th Symphony. 1889 C. H. H. Parry in G. Grove Dict. Music IV. 15 Emmanuel Bach..began writing symphonies in 1741, when Haydn was only nine years old. 1889 J. Maitland in G. Grove Dict. Music IV. 799 Toy Symphony (Ger. Kindersinfonie..), the English name by which a certain work of Haydn's is known... The toy instruments employed are a ‘cuckoo’ .., a trumpet and drum.., a whistle, a triangle, and a ‘quail’... Andreas Romberg wrote a symphony for much the same instruments... Mr. Franklin Taylor has written one for piano and toys. †c. Singing by the whole of a choir or congregation together. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > performing music > singing > [noun] > singing together chorus1656 choiring1773 symphony1776 choristry1860 community singing1875 choralism1927 1776 J. Hawkins Gen. Hist. Music I. iii. iv. 289 The second and third [methods of singing psalms] were..distinguished by the names of symphony and antiphony. d. elliptical for ‘symphony orchestra’. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musician > instrumentalist > company of instrumentalists > [noun] > orchestra > types of Philharmonic Orchestra1740 philharmonica1796 gamelan1816 chamber orchestra1880 symphony1926 palm court orchestra1942 youth orchestra1948 Phil1949 steel orchestra1952 sinfonietta1970 sinfonia1976 1926 P. Whiteman & M. M. McBride Jazz xiv. 287 The unknown composer has to pay to get his compositions played by a good symphony. 1934 S. R. Nelson All about Jazz v. 87 Symphony work, although of the highest ton, is not very lucrative, and most players have additional sources of income. 1968 Globe & Mail (Toronto) 17 Feb. 23/4 The former manager of the Vancouver Symphony. 1977 Times 23 Apr. 11/3 The seven arias skimpily supported by the Barcelona Symphony. Compounds General attributive. (In sense 5b.) symphony concert n. ΚΠ 1863 Dwight's Jrnl. Music 23 110/3 Our concern now is with the concerts... To begin with the most important, those of the Orchestra, the so-called ‘Philharmonic’, or Symphony concerts. 1919 Daily Mail Year Bk. 200/1 Conductor of the Promenade Concerts since 1895, the Queen's Hall Symphony Concerts. 1932 Daily Tel. 8 Oct. 1/6 B.B.C. Symphony Concerts. 1956 A. H. Compton Atomic Quest ii. 68 On one occasion, Mrs. Edward Ryerson saw me as I was seeking a little relaxation at a symphony concert. symphony form n. ΚΠ 1911 Contemp. Rev. May 615 The idea that the symphonic poem is a further development of the symphony form. symphony orchestra n. ΚΠ 1881 in Grove Dict. Music (1884) IV. 43/1 Orchestra to be permanent, and to be called The Boston Symphony Orchestra. 1932 Daily Tel. 8 Oct. 1/6 London Symphony Orchestra. 1978 Ann. Reg. 1977 404 Their success went a good way towards discounting the much-publicized theory that the conventional symphony orchestra now exists only for the purpose of playing music from the past. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1919; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c1290
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