| 单词 | take off |
| 释义 | > as lemmastake off a. Expressing separation from attachment, contact, or position on: not on or touching; (so as to be) loose or separate; as in to break off, cast off, cut off, put off, shake off, take off, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > space > place > absence > [adverb] offeOE outena1200 hereout?c1225 wayc1275 orf1845 α. β. lOE Canterbury Psalter: Canticles xvi. 8 Ego autem evaginato ab eo ipsius gladio amputavi caput eius : ic soðliches atæh from him his hagen sweord & achearf his heauod off.a1225 (?OE) MS Lamb. in R. Morris Old Eng. Homilies (1868) 1st Ser. 29 Ȝif þin hefet were offe.c1230 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Corpus Cambr.) (1962) 78 Hwen þe rinde is offe..hwiteð hit utewið.c1384 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) (Douce 369(2)) (1850) Matt. xix. 7 To ȝeue a litil boke of forsakynge, and to leeue off [v.r. forsake; L. dimittere].a1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomaeus Anglicus De Proprietatibus Rerum (BL Add.) f. 172v In þe seuenþe ȝere..þay brennen offe þe brestes and þere fore þey were y-clepyd Amozones.?a1425 Mandeville's Trav. (Egerton) (1889) 31 (MED) Do off þi schone of þi fete.c1440 Prose Life Alexander (Thornton) (1913) 71 (MED) Of sum þay bate offe þe nese; of sum þe eres.1535 Bible (Coverdale) Song of Sol. v. 3 I haue put off my cote.1568 E. Tilney Brief Disc. Mariage (new ed.) sig. Civv [He] bit off his owne tongue.1637 Decree Starre-Chamber conc. Printing §30 sig. H2v In the pulling off the knots.1678 J. Moxon Mech. Exercises I. iii. 56 Good steel breaks short off, all gray.1733 A. Ramsay Tea-table Misc. (ed. 9) I. 8 He took aff his bonnet.a1756 E. Haywood New Present (1771) 43 Let it stew..then strain it off.1834 T. Medwin Angler in Wales II. 154 The ball..struck one of the metal buttons on the breast of my coat, and glanced off.1886 Manch. Examiner 22 Feb. 6/1 The entire surface of a country..divided off into farmsteads.1929 E. Bowen Last September I. v. 58 Hercules tore off the tips of the bland leaves which kept slapping against his forehead.1967 G. Greene Chagrin in Coll. Stories (1972) 49 She took off thick winter gloves with a wringing gesture which made me think of handkerchiefs wet with grief.2001 Daily Tel. 9 July 3/3 A boy of eight has had his arm sewn back on after it was bitten off by a shark.eOE Bald's Leechbk. (Royal) (1865) i. xxxv. 86 Smire mid hunige þæt þy þe raþor sio hryfing of fealle. OE West Saxon Gospels: Matt. (Corpus Cambr.) v. 30 Gyf þin swiðre hand þe aswice, aceorf hi of, & awurp hi fram þe. lOE Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) (Peterborough interpolation) anno 656 Ic wille..þæt þær ne be numen of na geld na gaule. c1175 ( Homily: Hist. Holy Rood-tree (Bodl. 343) (1894) 28 He mid his sweorde hire þæt heafod of asloh. c1300 St. John Baptist (Laud) 98 in C. Horstmann Early S.-Eng. Legendary (1887) 32 Þo is heued was of i-smite. c1390 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Vernon) (1867) A. v. 170 (MED) Clement þe Cobelere caste of his cloke. c1449 R. Pecock Repressor (1860) 52 Y wole leie myn arme to be smyte of. a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll.) 30 He smote a knyght on the templis that hede and helme wente of to the erthe. 1487 (a1380) J. Barbour Bruce (St. John's Cambr.) v. 641 Bot the king..with a wysk the hed of-strak. ?a1560 L. Digges Geom. Pract.: Pantometria (1571) ii. xix. sig. O iij v To cut of from any Trapezium..what part therof ye list. 1568 W. Turner Herbal iii. 54 Yelowe scales: whiche with a light occasion fall of. a1600 ( W. Stewart tr. H. Boece Bk. Cron. Scotl. (1858) III. 449 He..of his claithis suddantlie hes done. 1646 J. Hall Horæ Vacivæ 67 The taking of the Plumets of a clocke to make it goe in the better Order. to take off to take off 1. a. transitive. To remove or detach (something positioned or situated on something else); to cause to be no longer on something; to pull or lift off; to take away, deduct. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > number > arithmetic or algebraic operations > perform arithmetic or algebraic operations [verb (transitive)] > subtract to do awayOE drawc1392 to take out of ——a1398 to take offa1400 withdrawc1400 subtray?c1425 ydraw?c1425 surtretec1440 to take away?1537 rebate1543 subtract1543 subduct?1556 substra?1558 pull?a1560 subduce?a1560 substract1559 to pull back?1574 difference1658 take1798 minus1963 the world > space > place > removal or displacement > remove or displace [verb (transitive)] > remove or take away > from the position of being on latcha1225 off-wevec1300 to take offa1400 to get off1577 to lay offa1593 daff1609 off1826 a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 14318 (MED) He bad..Of þe tumb tak of þe lidd. ?1560 H. Rhodes Bk. Nurture (new ed.) sig. A.iiv With your trenchour knife take of suche fragmentes. 1575 G. Gascoigne Noble Arte Venerie lxxix. 226 The skaly Mange, which..taketh off the skinne where it goeth. 1644 J. Winthrop Hist. New Eng. (1826) (modernized text) II. 199 He took off all her commodities, but not at so good rates as they expected. 1682 Art & Myst. of Vintners 50 Take off the skim, and beat it together with 6 Eggs. 1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 5 A Cannon Ball took off his Head. 1780 W. Coxe Acct. Russ. Discov. 267 M. Engel..takes off twenty-nine degrees from the longitude of Kamtchatka, as laid down by the Russians. 1852 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 13 i. 80 Repeated crops of hay are taken off without any return. 1895 T. Ellwood Lakeland & Iceland 78 A plough which was used..for taking off the surface or top sod from the turf. 1901 E. Arnold Voy. Ithobal 53 We take off what we may of store and gear; Fling overboard what might be spared. 1916 Pacific Printer Jan. 15/1 During these three months we took in 73 new subscribers, which a little more than offsets the names taken off in the same length of time. 2012 Wall St. Jrnl. 27 Oct. d4/2 Use a peeler to take off a strip of orange peel. b. transitive. To remove (an item of clothing or something worn) from the person; to divest oneself or another of. Opposed to to put on 2a(a) at put v. Phrasal verbs 1; cf. to take on 3a at Phrasal verbs 1.See also to take the gloves off at glove n. 1f, to take off one's hat at hat n. Phrases 3a. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > providing with clothing > undressing or removing clothing > undress or remove clothing [verb (transitive)] > take off clothing to do offeOE to lay downc1275 to weve offc1290 stripc1320 doffa1375 loose1382 ofdrawa1393 casta1400 to take offa1400 warpa1400 to cast offc1400 to catch offc1400 waivec1400 voidc1407 to put off?a1425 to wap offc1440 to lay from, offc1480 despoil1483 to pull offc1500 slip1535 devest1566 to shift off1567 daff1609 discuss1640 to lay off1699 strip1762 douse1780 shuffle1837 derobe1841 shed1858 skin1861 peel1888 pull1888 a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 9070 ‘Tas of’, he said, ‘mi kinges croun.’ a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 8116 Wiþ þis þe king tok of his gloue. 1485 W. Caxton tr. Thystorye & Lyf Charles the Grete sig. lj/1 He..took of hys clothes. 1548 Hall's Vnion: Edward IV f. ccxxxiiii He toke of hys cappe, and made a low and solempne obeysance. 1575 G. Turberville Bk. Faulconrie 134 Sometymes also take off hir hoode, and put it on againe..for rebuking hir. 1620 tr. G. Boccaccio Decameron II. viii. iii. f. 63 He tooke off his large painting Apron, which he fastened with his girdle in the manner of a sacke. 1662 J. Davies tr. A. Olearius Voy. & Trav. Ambassadors 140 A little Cap like a Callotte..they never take off. 1736 T. Lediard Life Marlborough III. 422 The Armour was taken off. 1784 A. Adams Let. 6 July (1848) 157 Not one of us could make her own bed, put on or take off her shoes, or even lift a finger. 1850 Tait's Edinb. Mag. Aug. 465/1 She took off her shawl. 1891 Murray's Mag. Apr. 531 He never takes off his boots and spurs. 1910 A. Bennett Clayhanger iv. ix. 638 ‘Bless me!’ exclaimed Mrs. Orgreave, taking off her eye-glasses and wiping them. 1926 S. T. Warner Lolly Willowes i. 15 He took off her slippers and chafed her feet. 1982 M. Welsh Tales from Human Warehouse 22 Annette..had taken her shoes off, and I wrapped her feet up in a blanket. 2003 New Yorker 17 Mar. 155/3 Frank..has a tendency to take his clothes off at parties. c. transitive. To remove or convey (a person) from land on to a vessel, or from a vessel on to land or another vessel. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > transportation by water > transport by water [verb (transitive)] > put off or discharge (from) a ship landa1300 uncharge13.. dischargec1384 lightc1400 unladec1436 unshipa1450 loss1482 disbark1552 defreight1555 unbark1555 disload1568 inshore1577 unfreight1580 disembark1582 to bring aboarda1600 unload1599 dislade1609 shore?1615 unliver1637 debark1655 to take offa1688 a1688 J. Wallace Descr. Orkney (1693) iv. 27 If a Man go upon it..the Sea will instantly swell in such a Tempestuous way, that no boat can come near to take him off. 1777 Scots Mag. Aug. 450/1 A ship..sent a boat on shore..but the weather being boisterous next day, prevented the boat coming again to take them off. 1883 R. Buchanan Love me for Ever v. ii. 261 He had arranged..to be taken off one night, and to sail with them right away. 1889 Eng. Illustr. Mag. Dec. 267 I might be able to support life on board of her until the Ruby took me off. 1923 J. Conrad Rover v. 54 As the man seemed alone and the shore was within range of the ship's guns, a boat was sent to take him off. 2008 Daily Tel. 1 Feb. 15/1 The ferry was at one stage listing 60 degrees and passengers had to be taken off. d. intransitive. To be able to be removed or detached. Now rare. ΚΠ 1766 G. Colman & D. Garrick Clandestine Marriage i. 11 This pair of ear-rings! set transparent!—here, the tops, you see, will take off to wear in a morning. 1810 E. D. Clarke Trav. Var. Countries I. iii. 42 The kibitki is the old Scythian waggon. In some parts of Tartary the top takes off, and at night becomes a tent. 1892 St. James's Gaz. 8 Feb. 6/2 Yours [i.e. hair] takes off at night. 1947 Punch 22 Jan. 88/2 The back [of the clock] takes off easily..so that it is simple..to unscrew it every night. 2. a. transitive. To remove or do away with (something imposed on a person); to cancel or lift (a restriction, tax, etc.). Now somewhat rare. ΚΠ 1597 W. Shakespeare Richard II iii. iii. 134 Oh God oh God that ere this tong of mine That laid the sentence..should take it off againe. 1664 N. Ingelo Bentivolio & Urania: 2nd Pt. vi. 259 You think to take off this Inconvenience. 1726 ‘ Philalethes’ in J. Ker Mem. p. iii If he would agree to the taking off the Penal Laws. 1737 Gentleman's Mag. Mar. 172/1 To give immediate Ease to his Majesty's Subjects, by taking off some of the Taxes which are most burthensome to the Poor. 1840 Penny Cycl. XVII. 399/2 The ecclesiastical courts may..take off the penance. 1879 M. J. Guest Lect. Hist. Eng. xiv. 127 He pleased the people greatly by taking off a heavy tax. 1889 ‘M. Gray’ Reproach of Annesley II. iii. ii. 4 The three months' embargo was now taken off. 1906 Outlook 1 Sept. 15/2 When the Psalmist says ‘Pardon my iniquity; for it is great,’ he does not mean, Because my sin deserves so great a punishment, take off the punishment altogether. 1939 Guardian 23 June 6/1 Anyone who asked the Chancellor to take off the tax on tobacco was asking for something which would be bad for the State. 1993 Washington Post 1 Nov. a14/4 If you take off the sanctions, I think the violence will die down right away. b. transitive. To remove or do away with (a quality, condition, etc.); to alleviate the effect of. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > memory > effacement, obliteration > cancellation, revocation > annul, cancel, revoke [verb (transitive)] fordoOE allayOE withdrawc1290 withclepe13.. again-callc1390 to call againc1390 repealc1390 revokec1400 unmakec1400 rive1415 annulc1425 abroge1427 uncommandc1430 discharge?a1439 retreatc1443 retract1501 cancela1513 abrogate?1520 dissolve1526 extinct1531 rescind1531 abrenounce1537 infringe1543 recall1565 unwrite1577 extinguish1590 exauctorate1593 relinquish1594 unact1594 to strike off1597 undecide1601 unpass1606 to take off1609 to draw back1610 reclaim1615 to put back1616 abrenunciate1618 unrip1622 supersedeate1641 to set off1642 unassure1643 unorder1648 to ask away1649 disdetermine1651 unbespeak1661 undecree1667 reassumea1675 off-break1702 circumduct1726 raise1837 resiliate1838 denounce1841 disorder1852 pull1937 1609 W. Shakespeare Pericles xv. 14 That monster Enuie..Marinas life Seeke to take off by treasons knife. View more context for this quotation a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) v. ii. 2 The heauinesse and guilt within my bosome, Takes off my manhood. View more context for this quotation 1652 J. French York-shire Spaw x. 90 They..should take the water a little warm'd first..the cold being just taken off. 1691 H. Consett Pract. Spiritual Courts (1700) To Rdr. Which thing..may..take off the Edge of Detraction. 1737 H. Bracken Farriery Improved xxvi. 387 One or two Purges will take off the Running at his Mouth. 1755 J. Higgs Pract. Ess. 27 It is also a good Anti-Emetic, and..will take off Vomiting and Sickness at the Stomach. 1854 N.-Y. Daily Times 9 June 4/1 The freshness of the news has been taken off by the telegraphic summary..published yesterday and the day before. 1885 E. Lynn Linton Autobiogr. Christopher Kirkland II. vi. 189 The smartest and prettiest kind of cap..took off the severity of her smoothly braided hair. 1911 Times 14 June 26/3 It became necessary to employ an anti-vibration holder to take off the abruptness of the shock. 1953 W. S. Burroughs Junkie 14 Nembutal is a barbiturate used by junkies ‘to take the edge off’ when they can't get junk. 1960 L. Davidson Night of Wenceslas i. 19 We were at the seat now. ‘Like to take the weight off?’ I said. 1991 Mid-Atlantic Game & Fish Apr. 35/1 A Thermos of hot coffee can do wonders to take the chill off and keep your spirits high. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > testing > refutation, disproof > refute, disprove [verb (transitive)] answerOE bitavelena1225 allayc1275 confoundc1384 concludea1400 conclusea1400 forblenda1400 gainsaya1400 rejag1402 to bear downc1405 redarguea1425 repugn?a1425 reverse?c1430 improvec1443 reprovea1513 dissolve1529 revince1529 convince1530 confute1533 refel1534 refute1545 void1570 evict1583 infringe1590 reprehend1597 revert1598 evince1608 repel1613 to take off1618 unbubblea1640 invalid1643 invalidate1649 remove1652 retund1653 effronta1657 dispute1659 unreason1661 have1680 demolish1691 to blow sky-high1819 1618 N. Byfield Cure Feare of Death xi. 123 Such meditations, as take off the obiections, which are in the hearts of men. 1682 T. Creech in tr. Lucretius De natura rerum Notes 22 After that I shall take off his exceptions against Providence. 1695 J. Edwards Disc. conc. Old & New-Test. III. xii. 478 To take off this seeming Argument. 1716 A. Pope in tr. Homer Iliad II. v. Observ. 411 Which Homer, to take off all objection to his valor, tells us happen'd because Priam had an animosity to him, tho' he was one of the bravest of the Army. 1825 Q. Theol. Rev. Dec. 109 His opponents tried to take off the argument..by saying that these were only the sentiments of a particular individual. 1841 T. C. Morgan & Lady Morgan Bk. without Name II. 42 Aristotle himself could not take off the argument. 1861 Lancaster Guardian 16 Feb. 6/4 The fact that a definite interest is to be paid..will take off the main objection to Government meddling. d. intransitive. With from: to detract from; to diminish, lessen; = sense 53c. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > decrease or reduction in quantity, amount, or degree > deduction > deduct [verb (transitive)] > detract from takec1475 diminish?1504 derogate1556 to take off1639 to detract from1699 1639 T. Sheafe Vindiciæ Senectutis i. ii. 80 (margin) It is a glory to Old-age that it takes off from pleasure. 1652 J. Paulet tr. P. Le Moyne Gallery Heroick Women 125 She learnt all these Exercises..without taking off from sweetness. 1701 W. Wotton Hist. Rome 264 This gradual Advancement took off from the Obscurity of his Birth. 1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. at Sal A defect or flaw, which took off very much from the value of the gem. 1773 J. Richardson in tr. C. M. Wieland Hist. Agathon I. Pref. p. xiv There are many allusions in it to modern customs..which take off in a great measure from the antique cast. 1817 W. Hazlitt Round Table I. xxiii. 211 The very wit, however, takes off from the offensiveness of the satire. 1882 Archaeol. Jrnl. 39 474 These are not serious faults, and take off rather from the symmetry than from the real value of the book. 1906 Bohemian Jan. 11 There was a certain heaviness to the jaw and chin that took off somewhat from the nobleness of the upper countenance. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > serving food > removal of dishes > [verb (intransitive)] > clear table to draw the boardc1330 to draw the clothc1330 to draw the tablec1330 to take awaya1475 to take up the tablea1513 to take off1599 to clear away1711 clear1914 1599 J. Minsheu Percyvall's Dict. Spanish & Eng. 24/2 Take off, boy, rid the table, and bring those fritters. 1828 J. T. Smith Nollekens I. 91 Nor do I think wine was even mentioned until the servants were ordered to ‘take off’. 4. transitive. To drink to the bottom, or in one draught; to down (a drink). Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > drink > drinking > [verb (transitive)] > drink up or off swap?1507 swingea1529 drink1535 uphalec1540 toss1568 trill off?1589 snapa1592 to toss offa1592 to turn down1593 to top off1598 drain1604 to take off1613 outdrinka1631 whip1639 swoop1648 epote1657 to fetch off1657 ebibe1689 fetch1691 to tip off1699 to sweep off1707 tip1784 to turn over1796 1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage iii. xv. 271 She dranke to him a cup of poysoned liquor: and hauing taken off almost halfe, she reached him the rest. 1662 J. Davies tr. A. Olearius Voy. & Trav. Ambassadors 83 Many Muscovian women took off their Cups as smartly as they [sc. their husbands] did. 1710 E. Ward Tipling Philosophers 30 Ædesius, that minder of Dreams, By which he would often Divine, Altho' he would pray by extreams, Yet still he would take off his Wine. 1730 A. Ramsay Tea-table Misc. (ed. 5) 102 See that shining Glass of Claret..; Take it aff, and let's have mair o't. 1850 N. Hawthorne Scarlet Let. iv. 87 And, that thou mayest live, take off this draught. 1873 Ulula Nov. 82 All simultaneously, with regimental precision, take off a pint of beer, after which they resume their seats. 1908 J. Blyth Rubina ix. 132 Can any one on ye take off a pint better'n that? 1922 McClure's Mag. Aug. 98/1 Cristobal poured out a glass of wine and handed it to him. He took the drink off. 5. transitive. a. To lead away (from a pursuit or occupation); to dissuade; to divert, distract. Also: (with from) †to rid (a person) of something (obsolete). Cf. sense 54c. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > motivation > demotivation > demotivate [verb (transitive)] > discourage remove?a1425 discourage1437 revoke1447 disporta1450 to take offa1616 to work off1627 to put off1631 dishearten1634 disinvitea1641 to put or set (anyone) by1768 eyebrow1876 the mind > attention and judgement > inattention > mental wandering > lack of concentration, distraction > distract [verb (transitive)] fortogglea1300 to call away1529 scatter1530 forhale1579 to draw away1586 diffuse?1587 to call off1606 divert1609 to put out1616 avoke1623 disjoint1628 to take a person out of himself (herself, etc.)1631 to draw off1646 divertise1648 to take off1670 dissipate1684 to turn off1741 to throw out1821 to turn away1848 a1616 W. Shakespeare Macbeth (1623) ii. iii. 32 It makes him, and it marres him; it sets him on, and it takes him off . View more context for this quotation a1626 F. Bacon New Atlantis (1900) 24 And hee..in great Courtesie tooke us off, and descended to aske us Questions of our Voyage and Fortunes. 1670 H. Stubbe Plus Ultra 11 This Philosophy..taking us off from the Pedantism of Philology. 1677 Compl. Servant-maid 63 You must endeavour to take off your Mistress from all the care you can. 1701 tr. J. Le Clerc Lives Primitive Fathers 27 Having not undertaken to take them off from this Opinion. 1760 Biographia Britannica V. 3306 He civilly refused the Archdeaconry of Huntingdon, which was offered him, lest it should take him off too much from his cure. 1890 G. M. Fenn Double Knot I. vii. 173 It seemed strange, but the conversation took off his attention, and he thought no more of it. 1921 J. Galsworthy To Let vi. 176 Anything that would take his mind off for a few minutes! b. Esp. of a disease or other cause of death: to kill, to ‘carry off’. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > killing > kill [verb (transitive)] swevec725 quelmeOE slayc893 quelleOE of-falleOE ofslayeOE aquellc950 ayeteeOE spillc950 beliveOE to bring (also do) of (one's) life-dayOE fordoa1000 forfarea1000 asweveOE drepeOE forleseOE martyrOE to do (also i-do, draw) of lifeOE bringc1175 off-quellc1175 quenchc1175 forswelta1225 adeadc1225 to bring of daysc1225 to do to deathc1225 to draw (a person) to deathc1225 murder?c1225 aslayc1275 forferec1275 to lay to ground, to earth (Sc. at eird)c1275 martyrc1300 strangle1303 destroya1325 misdoa1325 killc1330 tailc1330 to take the life of (also fro)c1330 enda1340 to kill to (into, unto) death1362 brittena1375 deadc1374 to ding to deathc1380 mortifya1382 perisha1387 to dight to death1393 colea1400 fella1400 kill out (away, down, up)a1400 to slay up or downa1400 swelta1400 voida1400 deliverc1400 starvec1425 jugylc1440 morta1450 to bring to, on, or upon (one's) bierc1480 to put offc1485 to-slaya1500 to make away with1502 to put (a person or thing) to silencec1503 rida1513 to put downa1525 to hang out of the way1528 dispatch?1529 strikea1535 occidea1538 to firk to death, (out) of lifec1540 to fling to deathc1540 extinct1548 to make out of the way1551 to fet offa1556 to cut offc1565 to make away?1566 occise1575 spoil1578 senda1586 to put away1588 exanimate1593 unmortalize1593 speed1594 unlive1594 execute1597 dislive1598 extinguish1598 to lay along1599 to make hence1605 conclude1606 kill off1607 disanimate1609 feeze1609 to smite, stab in, under the fifth rib1611 to kill dead1615 transporta1616 spatch1616 to take off1619 mactate1623 to make meat of1632 to turn up1642 inanimate1647 pop1649 enecate1657 cadaverate1658 expedite1678 to make dog's meat of1679 to make mincemeat of1709 sluice1749 finisha1753 royna1770 still1778 do1780 deaden1807 deathifyc1810 to lay out1829 cool1833 to use up1833 puckeroo1840 to rub out1840 cadaverize1841 to put under the sod1847 suicide1852 outkill1860 to fix1875 to put under1879 corpse1884 stiffen1888 tip1891 to do away with1899 to take out1900 stretch1902 red-light1906 huff1919 to knock rotten1919 skittle1919 liquidate1924 clip1927 to set over1931 creasea1935 ice1941 lose1942 to put to sleep1942 zap1942 hit1955 to take down1967 wax1968 trash1973 ace1975 the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > destroy [verb (transitive)] > eradicate or extirpate fornimOE to put awaya1382 outroot?a1425 unroot?a1425 out-razec1425 to pluck up1484 avell1530 sweep1560 depopulate1576 ruina1586 assoil1596 to lay aside1596 untop1598 displant1603 float1606 to take off1619 amolish1624 uproota1639 eradicate1647 to lay by1681 to polish off1827 uprend1911 to zero out1951 1619 E. M. Bolton tr. Florus Rom. Hist. 336 Himselfe taken off by sudden death. 1684 Bp. G. Burnet in tr. T. More Utopia Pref. sig. A7 The hiring of Assassinates to take off Enemies. 1701 W. Wotton Hist. Rome ii. 487 Diseases..took off very many of them. 1770 J. Langhorne & W. Langhorne tr. Plutarch Lives V. 81 Ptolemy of Cyprus..took himself off by poison. 1832 Examiner 6/2 Up to the 20th of November about thirty people had been taken off by cholera. 1840 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 1 258 The mangold-wurzel was..taken off early by the fly. 1932 N.Y. Times 8 Oct. 17/3 (headline) Genial press agent of old school dies. ‘Yours Merrily’ Rogers taken off at the age of 92, a week after being hit by auto. 1966 D. Shannon With Vengeance vi. 82 Sure I knew him, cop. I don't know nothing about how he got took off. 2005 M. J. Staples Ups & Downs viii. 89 Mr Plumstead had been a bus driver for years until pneumonia took him off at the age of forty-four. c. To lead or convey (a person) away, esp. summarily or by force. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > go away [verb (reflexive)] fersec1000 teec1275 voida1387 withdraw1390 takea1393 avoida1400 devoida1400 shifta1400 avyec1440 trussa1450 deferc1480 remove1530 convey1535 subtractc1540 subduce1542 retire?1548 substract1549 room1566 to take off1620 to make oneself scarce1809 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > causing to go away > command to go away [verb (transitive)] > lead away abgregate1623 to take off1894 1620 I. C. Two Merry Milke-maids i. ii. sig. B4 Dor. I am glad thou art come to take off thy Brother. Iul. Take him off, why he is not so fierce, me thinkes. 1783 Double Conspiracy v. iii. 82 I told my relations, they was going to take me off to head quarters;—they told me not to be concern'd about it; for they'd not let 'em take me off. 1823 Ann. Reg. 1822 (Otridge ed.) Chron. 63/2 The party, who took her off, repeatedly fired on the police. 1894 C. H. H. Parry Stud. Great Composers: Schubert 230 In dread of being taken off as a soldier. 1916 Munsey's Mag. Nov. 345/1 She says she's getting sleepy, so you can take her off to bed. 1955 Life 15 Aug. 36 [He] was taken off to jail in such a hurry that, in the rush, he seemed in imminent danger of losing his pants. 2010 J. Powell New Machiavelli xi. 268 The young men were taken off and never seen again. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > fees and taxes > illegal payment or exaction > [verb (transitive)] > bribe meedOE underorna1325 corrump1387 forbuy1393 hirec1400 wage1461 fee1487 under-arearc1503 bribe1528 grease1528 money1528 corrupt1548 budc1565 to feed with money1567 to put out a person's eyes with (a gift, bribe, etc.)1580 sweeten1594 to grease the fist or (one) in the fist1598 over-bribe1619 to buy off1629 palter1641 to take off1646 buy1652 overmoneya1661 bub1684 to speak to ——1687 to tickle in the palm1694 daub1699 overbuy1710 touch1752 palm1767 to get at ——1780 fix1790 subsidize1793 sop1837 to buy over1848 backsheesh1850 nobble1856 square1859 hippodrome1866 see1867 boodleize1883 boodle1886 to get to ——1901 reach1906 straighten1923 lubricate1928 to keep (someone) sweet1939 sling1939 to pay off1942 bung1950 1646 T. Edwards Gangræna: Pt. 1 Pref. sig. B4v No gold shall bribe me, nor preferments take me off; no lack of supplies shall dishearten me. a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 268 The chief men that promoted this were taken off, (as the word then was for corrupting members). 1763 London Chron. 29 Jan. 107/2 When any man of the opposite party became troublesome, you took care, as the phrase is, to take him off. e. reflexive. To go away, to leave; to take off (sense 10a). ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > go away [verb (intransitive)] wendeOE i-wite971 ashakec975 shakeOE to go awayOE witea1000 afareOE agoOE atwendOE awayOE to wend awayOE awendOE gangOE rimeOE flitc1175 to fare forthc1200 depart?c1225 part?c1225 partc1230 to-partc1275 biwitec1300 atwitea1325 withdrawa1325 to draw awayc1330 passc1330 to turn one's (also the) backc1330 lenda1350 begonec1370 remuea1375 voidc1374 removec1380 to long awaya1382 twinc1386 to pass one's wayc1390 trussc1390 waive1390 to pass out ofa1398 avoida1400 to pass awaya1400 to turn awaya1400 slakec1400 wagc1400 returnc1405 to be gonea1425 muck1429 packc1450 recede1450 roomc1450 to show (a person) the feetc1450 to come offc1475 to take one's licence1475 issue1484 devoidc1485 rebatea1500 walka1500 to go adieua1522 pikea1529 to go one's ways1530 retire?1543 avaunt1549 to make out1558 trudge1562 vade?1570 fly1581 leave1593 wag1594 to get off1595 to go off1600 to put off1600 shog1600 troop1600 to forsake patch1602 exit1607 hence1614 to give offa1616 to take off1657 to move off1692 to cut (also slip) the painter1699 sheera1704 to go about one's business1749 mizzle1772 to move out1792 transit1797–1803 stump it1803 to run away1809 quit1811 to clear off1816 to clear out1816 nash1819 fuff1822 to make (take) tracks (for)1824 mosey1829 slope1830 to tail out1830 to walk one's chalks1835 to take away1838 shove1844 trot1847 fade1848 evacuate1849 shag1851 to get up and get1854 to pull out1855 to cut (the) cable(s)1859 to light out1859 to pick up1872 to sling one's Daniel or hook1873 to sling (also take) one's hook1874 smoke1893 screw1896 shoot1897 voetsak1897 to tootle off1902 to ship out1908 to take a (run-out, walk-out, etc.) powder1909 to push off1918 to bugger off1922 biff1923 to fuck off1929 to hit, split or take the breeze1931 to jack off1931 to piss offa1935 to do a mick1937 to take a walk1937 to head off1941 to take a hike1944 moulder1945 to chuff off1947 to get lost1947 to shoot through1947 skidoo1949 to sod off1950 peel1951 bug1952 split1954 poop1961 mugger1962 frig1965 1657 W. Greenwood Απογραϕὴ Στοργῆς sig. I If you be already tainted with these charmes, unloose your selves, stoutly take your selves off, dispute not any longer with your passions; flie from it. 1662 S. Clarke Coll. Lives Ten Eminent Divines 192 He was fain to take himself off, lest it should have hindred him from more serious studies. 1781 London Mag. Oct. 459/2 I must take myself off; this is a d—d vulgar place, where they keep no claret. 1797 M. Robinson Walsingham III. 306 So you had better be moving..take yourself off—go it—budge. 1836 C. Dickens Pickwick Papers (1837) ii. 7 Here, No. 924, take your fare, and take yourself off. 1838 C. Dickens Oliver Twist II. xxiv. 68 He..took himself off on tiptoe. 1850 Tait's Edinb. Mag. Oct. 609/1 The guilty parties had taken themselves off. 1918 Times 3 Aug. 8/2 The former had taken himself off to the United States after resigning his Privy Councilship. 1958 J. Cannan And be Villain iii. 49 He took himself off to deal with a case of indecent exposure on the tow-path. 2008 P. Hensher Northern Clemency iv. 452 Some people thought she was taking herself off to think about strategy. 6. transitive. a. To obtain (an impression) from something; to make (a copy); to print off. Also figurative. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > communication > printing > [verb (transitive)] imprint1477 impress1508 print1511 stamp1555 press1579 pull1653 to take off1707 to throw off1720 strike1759 typefy1856 the world > relative properties > relationship > imitation > imitate [verb (transitive)] > repeat in a copy > take a cast of mould1698 to take off1825 1631 tr. Suppressing Assembly Pretended Shee-Iesuites 13 When the Copies shall be taken off, re-printed, and distributed abroad. 1660 tr. M. Amyraut Treat. conc. Relig. iii. viii. 489 Those [languages] which live..take off better the impression and graces of the language of the Prophets. 1707 T. Hearne Remarks & Coll. (1885) I. 320 The Stationers were obliged..to take off 200 Copies of any Book. 1728 E. Chambers Cycl. at Printing Rolling-Press-Printing, is employ'd in taking off Prints, or Impressions from Copper-Plates engraven, or etch'd. 1817 G. Rose Diaries (1860) I. 19 He had an impression of 500 taken off. 1825 New Monthly Mag. 15 234/1 The expedient..of taking off an impression in some soft substance. 1890 Home Missionary Apr. 536 Take off copies by laying on your sheets, one by one... Work rapidly. Take off 75 copies in thirty minutes. 1967 Jrnl. Libr. Hist. 2 102 Ximinez had only 600 copies taken off, and each copy though consisting of six folios, cost only six and a half ducats. b. (a) To measure off; to determine or mark the position of; to take (a measurement) from a chart, plan, etc. Cf. sense 73c. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > measurement > measurement of length > measure (off) a length or distance [verb (transitive)] measurec1384 take1551 to set offa1647 to take off1658 1658 J. Collins Sector on Quadrant 43 It is onely placed there in readinesse to take off any Arke from it, according to the accustomed manner of taking off lines from the Limbe to any assigned Radius. 1667 W. Leybourn Line of Proportion iv. 21 When the Compasses are opened to a very large extent, you can neither take off any distance exactly, nor give so a good estimate of any parts required. 1749 T. Salmon New Geogr. & Hist. Gram. 18 Upon Maps there always is a Scale of Miles, so that any Distances may be taken off with Compasses. 1793 J. Smeaton Narr. Edystone Lighthouse (ed. 2) §97 In this way I took off 35..of the most remarkable points,..These 35 primary points having been determined as above. 1850 J. Greenwood Sailor's Sea-bk. 22 With another pair of compasses take off 24 miles; place the parallel ruler on the centre of the circle and on dot 1. 1901 H. J. Spooner Elem. Geom. Drawing vii. 85 Dimensions can be readily taken off with the dividers... Thus, to take off 2′ 9″, place one leg of the dividers on point 2′, and the other on 9″. 1920 W. Sheppard Pract. Navigation 15 The navigator..takes off the necessary measurements in minutes of latitude or nautical miles. 1954 Math. Mag. 27 206 The fundamental scale for this purpose is on side A, and is marked ‘L’: from this dividers take off ‘lines’, or as we should say, distances. (b) To extract (an item of data) from a table, plan, etc.; esp. to calculate (quantities of materials required for a building project) from a plan; = to take out 4b at Phrasal verbs 1. ΚΠ 1835 Archit. Mag. Sept. 403 The surveyor should then take off the quantities, that he may be able to detect if any descriptions of the works are omitted in the specification. 1887 Sanitary Engineer & Constr. Rec. 11 June 41/2 To diminish the labor of taking off the logarithms, two tables are presented on different sheets. 1920 Amer. Archit. 14 Apr. 476/1 If the quantities were taken off under the supervision of the architect.., the quantities then would be more likely to correspond with what is expected by the architect. 1954 Manch. Guardian 6 May 12/1 (advt.) Applicants must have experience in taking quantities off structural drawings. 2002 J. Broome Procurem. Routes for Partnering iv. 99 If it is the contractor that..takes off the quantities, then the contractor is legally responsible for any errors in them. c. To make a copy of (something) by drawing or modelling; to draw a likeness of; to portray. Cf. sense 74b. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > communication > representation > [verb (transitive)] depaint?c1225 paintc1275 figurec1380 resemblea1393 portraya1398 represent?a1425 impicture1523 portrait1548 shadow1553 to paint forth1558 storize1590 personate1591 limn1593 propound1594 model1604 table1607 semble1610 rendera1616 to paint out1633 person1644 present1649 to figure out1657 historize1668 to fancy out1669 to take off1680 figurate1698 refer1700 display1726 depicture1739 depict1817 actualize1848 society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > representation in art > represent in art [verb (transitive)] workOE shapea1375 express1382 marka1393 resemblea1393 portraya1398 devisea1400 makea1400 represent?a1425 counterfeitc1440 to set on write1486 porturea1500 emporturea1529 story1532 portrait1548 show1565 decipher1567 portraiture1581 to set forth1585 emblazea1592 stell1598 defigure1599 infigure1606 effigiate1608 deportract1611 deportray1611 rendera1616 image1624 configure1630 exiconize1641 effigies1652 to take off1680 mimic1770 paraphrase1961 1680 R. Nightingale tr. R. Waring Effigies of Love 5 I am oblig'd to Nature that she hath afforded me a smooth Table, from whence to take off so much of your likeness, as to delight both her self and you too. 1685 tr. N. Lémery Mod. Curiosities of Art & Nature Contents sig. b4 To take off any Design without Pricking or Pointing, which is called Tracing. 1705 J. Addison Remarks Italy 321 Take off all their Models in Wood. 1792 Abbé Adams tr. Abbé Bonamici Easy Rules taking Likeness 49 It is necessary to all who attempt to take off a likeness, to divide the face into different parts. 1838 T. C. Haliburton Clockmaker 2nd Ser. xviii. 269 A native artist of great promise..that is come to take us off. 1854 W. M. Thackeray Newcomes (1855) II. vi. 64 Then Clive proposed..to take his head off; and made an excellent likeness in chalk of his uncle. 1890 ‘R. Boldrewood’ Colonial Reformer (1891) 182 A young lady who could take off a horse like that—the dead image of him—could do anything. 1900 Forest & Stream 3 Feb. 93/1 She [sc. a boat] was hauled out and her model taken off frequently, her rig copied exactly, but still her imitators were never able to equal her. d. colloquial. To mimic or imitate, esp. in a mocking manner; to make the subject of parody; to mock, caricature. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > derision, ridicule, or mockery > ridicule or mockery by specific means > ridicule or mock by specific means [verb (transitive)] > ridicule or mock by imitation mocka1616 buffoon1638 mimic1671 burlesque1676 parody1733 caricature1749 to take off1750 travesty1825 grotesque1875 cartoon1884 spoof1927 to send up1931 1750 Ld. Chesterfield Lett. (1792) III. 85 He has since been taken off by a thousand authors: but never really imitated by any one. 1768 H. Brooke Fool of Quality III. xvi. 239 He so perfectly counterfeited, or took off, as they call it, the real Christian, that many looked to see him..taken alive into heaven. 1789 H. L. Piozzi Observ. Journey France I. 240 At the hazard of being taken off and held up for a laughing-stock. 1809 B. H. Malkin tr. A. R. Le Sage Adventures Gil Blas I. ii. vii. 281 I can take off a cat to the life: suppose I was to mew a certain number of times? 1826 T. Hood Faithless Nelly Gray in Whims & Oddities 140 She made him quite a scoff; And when she saw his wooden legs, Began to take them off! 1879 W. Minto Defoe 40 One of the pamphlets which he professed to take off in his famous squib. 1928 A. E. Pease Dict. Dial. N. Riding Yorks. 135/1 He tak him off tiv a T. 1981 Times 28 Feb. 16 Like most modern impressionists, he ‘took off’ stars of stage, screen and radio. 2012 Sydney Morning Herald (Nexis) 15 Sept. (Good Weekend section) 29 She was a brilliant, fearless mimic, taking off Princess Anne and Kate Bush. 7. transitive. a. To remove from office or some other position; to cause to stand down; to dismiss. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > authority > office > removal from office or authority > remove from office or authority [verb (transitive)] outOE deposec1300 remuec1325 to put out1344 to set downc1369 deprivec1374 outputa1382 removea1382 to throw outa1382 to put downc1384 privea1387 to set adowna1387 to put out of ——?a1400 amovec1425 disappoint1434 unmakec1475 dismiss1477 dispoint1483 voidc1503 to set or put beside (or besides) the cushion1546 relieve1549 cass1550 displace1553 unauthorize1554 to wring out1560 seclude1572 eject1576 dispost1577 decass1579 overboard1585 cast1587 sequester1587 to put to grass1589 cashier1592 discompose1599 abdicate1610 unseat1611 dismount1612 disoffice1627 to take off1642 unchair1645 destitute1653 lift1659 resign1674 quietus1688 superannuate1692 derange1796 shelve1812 shelf1819 Stellenbosch1900 defenestrate1917 axe1922 retire1961 the mind > possession > taking > taking possession > take possession of [verb (transitive)] > take upon oneself > to expel or remove from office to put out of ——?a1400 eject1576 to take off1745 society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > bowling > bowl [verb (transitive)] > remove bowler to take off1851 to take off1851 1642 W. Brookes Exceeding Happy Newes Ireland sig. A3 Your Sonne Robert hath been a Trooper in Warres, and none so forward as he but I took him off, by reason that I wanted him aboard. 1676 M. Nedham Pacquet Advices 2 When they had taken off some of the Persons, then they next devised how to diminish their Power. 1745 J. Ward Let. 15 Aug. in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eminent Literary Men (1843) 369 Whom the Emperor had appointed governour..but afterwards..designed to have taken him off. 1768 J. Byron Narr. Patagonia 189 The centinel was taken off, and we were allowed to look about us a little. 1858 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 19 144 My early calves..I allow to suck the cows for a fortnight, then take them off. 1903 Day (New London, Connecticut) 29 Aug. 7 The rain fell without cessation all night and the guard was taken off, but was kept at guard quarters. b. To withdraw (a coach, bus, or other form of public transport) from service. ΘΚΠ society > travel > transport > transport or conveyance in a vehicle > public passenger transport > travel on (public vehicle) [verb (transitive)] > supply with public transport > withdraw a service to take off1836 1836 Hull Packet 21 Oct. As the Goole Steam Packet Company have taken off their Coaches, this is now the only Direct Conveyance from Hull to the above-named places. 1892 Field 28 May 779/3 The coaches..will be taken off for one or more days. 1946 Scotsman 3 Dec. 5/2 It is not known yet if certain trains will be taken off during the Christmas period, but it is quite possible. 1967 Fond du Lac (Wisconsin) Commonw. Reporter 15 Dec. 2/2 She felt it was ‘ridiculous’ to talk about urban renewal and new shopping centers and then take off the buses so that the people can't get there. c. Cricket. To remove and replace (a bowler) after a spell of bowling.A bowler who has been taken off will assume a position in the field. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > cricket > bowling > bowl [verb (transitive)] > remove bowler to take off1851 to take off1851 1851 W. Bolland Cricket Notes iv. 75 Do not..refuse to bowl any more; neither grumble nor growl if you are taken off. 1921 G. R. C. Harris Few Short Runs xi. 280 Don't turn sulky because after bowling five consecutive maidens you are taken off. 1977 Times 17 Jan. 7/1 When Greig took him off after 95 minutes his figures for the morning were 10-5-7-1. 2013 J. D. Barrow Mathletics iv. 8 Anderson gets some early wickets but is taken off after a long spell of very economical bowling. d. Sport. Of a team's coach or manager: to withdraw (a player) from the field of play during a game, esp. to replace him or her with a substitute. ΚΠ 1884 Friends' Rev. 13 Dec. 301/2 At a recent match between Yale and Princeton, two players were taken off the field almost dead.] 1890 N.Y. Times 26 Oct. 3/7 Newman was taken off and Packard substituted. 1905 Scotsman 27 Mar. 10/5 Before the close Campbell was injured and had to be taken off. 1980 E. Batty Soccer Coaching European Way ix. 220 At the first sign of a knock we would take the injured player off to prevent aggravation of the injury. 2011 Express (Nexis) 10 Jan. (Sport section) 53 Saints' England hooker Dylan Hartley was taken off in the second half after a series of lost lineouts. 8. intransitive. To grow less; to decrease in strength or intensity; (of rain) to cease. Now rare. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > quantity > decrease or reduction in quantity, amount, or degree > decrease in quantity, amount, or degree [verb (intransitive)] littleOE setc1000 wanzec1175 lessc1225 allayc1275 wane1297 slaken1303 disincreasec1374 slakec1380 decrease1382 debatea1400 unwaxa1400 wastea1400 adminishc1400 lessenc1400 imminish14.. aslakec1405 minish?a1425 assuagec1430 shrinkc1449 to let down1486 decay1489 diminish1520 fall1523 rebate1540 batea1542 to come down1548 abate1560 stoop1572 pine1580 slack1580 scanten1585 shrivel1588 decrew1596 remit1629 contract1648 subside1680 lower1697 relax1701 drop1730 to take off1776 to run down1792 reduce1798 recede1810 to run off1816 to go down1823 attenuatea1834 ease1876 downscale1945 1776 J. Cook in Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 66 447 I judged it was about high water, and that the tides were taking off, or decreasing. 1854 H. Miller My Schools & Schoolmasters (1858) xxi. 463 No sooner had it [sc. the hurricane] begun to take off than I set out for the scene of its ravages. 1878 R. L. Stevenson Inland Voy. 20 The rain took off near Laeken. 1899 F. T. Bullen Log of Sea-waif 93 The breeze now began to take off a bit, and more sail was made. 1938 N. M. Gunn Off in Boat xix. 318 The rain had taken off and the freshness of the nether world was very vivid. 2012 S. T. Russell Take, burn or Destroy xx. 351 The wind had taken off considerably during the darkness. 9. intransitive. a. To commence a jump or leap. Opposed to land v. 8b. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > upward movement > leaping, springing, or jumping > leap, spring, or jump [verb (intransitive)] > take off for a leap to set off1768 to take off1781 1781 London Courant 14 Feb. A horse of Sir Harry Featherstone's..in taking off at a leap, broke his shoulder, and was obliged to be killed on the spot. 1814 Sporting Mag. 43 287 The spot where the horse took off to where he landed, is above eighteen feet. 1889 Boy's Own Paper 7 Sept. 780/3 Competitors should be encouraged to take-off with accuracy. 1912 H. Bindloss Long Portage xvii. 193 Though Lisle felt the hoofs slide as the beast took off, they were over [the hedge] and flying faster than ever over a long, wet field. 1952 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 5 Apr. 763/2 Account should be taken of the manner of mounting a horse, a bicycle, a ladder, or again of taking off for a jump. 2002 Guardian 14 Nov. i. 6/1 Long jump contenders took off from a standing position. 2004 Toronto Star 27 Nov. k13/2 A double sided jump where a rider/skier can take off and land on either side. b. Esp. of a pilot or aeroplane: to commence flight, to become airborne. Opposed to land v. 8b. ΘΚΠ society > travel > air or space travel > action of flying (in) aircraft > specific flying operations or procedures > [verb (intransitive)] > take off to take off?1849 lift1879 unstick1912 to get unstuck1913 the world > animals > birds > flight > [verb (intransitive)] > become airborne risea1398 tower1799 to burst on the wing1809 to take off1973 ?1849 G. Cayley Let. in C. H. Gibbs-Smith Sir George Cayley's Aeronautics (1962) xlii. 136 It is absolutely necessary that the tail be securely braced up a little, and that the centre of gravity be made to act steadily on the bulk of the surfaces so that when weighed up to the weight of the person trying the wings—should it take off, they would skim and not either rise up hill or sink down hill. 1908 Autocar 4 July 19/1 It would appear, however, as if engines would be at all events required in starting the machine, unless the glider takes off from a certain height. 1914 Engineering 20 Nov. 626/3 A serious disadvantage under which the sea-going aeroplane at present labours..is that its speed is essentially limited by the fact that it has to alight and take off from the water. 1927 C. A. Lindbergh ‘We’ ii. 19 I taxied to one end of the field, opened the throttle and started to take off. 1936 G. B. Shaw Simpleton ii. 69 All I [sc. an angel] want is a parapet to take off from. 1958 Times Rev. Industry Aug. 39/2 The Rotodyne takes off vertically and climbs away as a helicopter. 1973 Sci. Amer. Dec. 102/1 If the birds are pursued, they take off, but they do not fly far before they land again. 2011 Guardian 26 May 11/1 ‘Underflying’ rules that will allow planes to take off and land if a dense volcanic cloud is covering airspace at cruising altitude. c. Esp. of prices or costs: to rise steeply or suddenly. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > monetary value > price > fluctuation in price > [verb (intransitive)] > rise (of prices) > suddenly or rapidly starta1661 zoom1928 soar1929 rocket1931 to take off1935 to go through the roof1958 shoot1968 1935 Barron's 10 June 3/1 The instant the dollar was devalued, the country held up its hands and raced for tangibles. Prices took off for high places, and they have not come down. 1963 J. N. Harris Weird World Wes Beattie (1964) xv. 184 Minerva took off, as we say, on a famous Friday the thirteenth... The stock rose from nineteen cents to over a dollar in the last half-hour of trading. 1976 Physics Bull. Sept. 401/1 Production and salary costs ‘took off’. 1983 Times 20 Jan. 15/3 Sales of existing properties have taken off during the last few months. 2005 National Petroleum News Apr. 10/1 Ever since September 2004, diesel fuel prices have taken off. d. To become popular, successful, or well-established. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > prosperity > prosper or flourish [verb (intransitive)] > prosper or be successful > specifically of a scheme or project to take off1953 1953 Billboard 7 Mar. 49/2 Record took off this week and hit retail and juke box charts. 1957 Daily Mirror 8 Aug. 10 The Ames Brothers, a skilled vocal group, big in America, have never really taken off here. 1968 Skiing Feb. 3 Ideas have a way of catching peoples' imagination and this year Lange Boots have really taken off. 1981 Church Times 10 Apr. 9/5 Frank Scuffham has hopes of his committee, but acknowledges that it has not taken off yet. 2000 A. Calcutt Brit Cult 40/1 It was during the Rigg-McNee partnership that The Avengers took off in the USA. 2001 Independent 3 Mar. 11/2 Daffodil breeding didn't really take off until the mid late 19th century. 10. intransitive. a. To depart quickly or suddenly; to run away; to go off. Cf. sense 60b. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going away > go away [verb (intransitive)] > go away suddenly or hastily fleec825 runOE swervea1225 biwevec1275 skip1338 streekc1380 warpa1400 yerna1400 smoltc1400 stepc1460 to flee (one's) touch?1515 skirr1548 rubc1550 to make awaya1566 lope1575 scuddle1577 scoura1592 to take the start1600 to walk off1604 to break awaya1616 to make off1652 to fly off1667 scuttle1681 whew1684 scamper1687 whistle off1689 brush1699 to buy a brush1699 to take (its, etc.) wing1704 decamp1751 to take (a) French leave1751 morris1765 to rush off1794 to hop the twig1797 to run along1803 scoot1805 to take off1815 speela1818 to cut (also make, take) one's lucky1821 to make (take) tracks (for)1824 absquatulize1829 mosey1829 absquatulate1830 put1834 streak1834 vamoose1834 to put out1835 cut1836 stump it1841 scratch1843 scarper1846 to vamoose the ranch1847 hook1851 shoo1851 slide1859 to cut and run1861 get1861 skedaddle1862 bolt1864 cheese it1866 to do a bunkc1870 to wake snakes1872 bunk1877 nit1882 to pull one's freight1884 fooster1892 to get the (also to) hell out (of)1892 smoke1893 mooch1899 to fly the coop1901 skyhoot1901 shemozzle1902 to light a shuck1905 to beat it1906 pooter1907 to take a run-out powder1909 blow1912 to buzz off1914 to hop it1914 skate1915 beetle1919 scram1928 amscray1931 boogie1940 skidoo1949 bug1950 do a flit1952 to do a scarper1958 to hit, split or take the breeze1959 to do a runner1980 to be (also get, go) ghost1986 the world > movement > rate of motion > swiftness > going swiftly on foot > go swiftly on foot [verb (intransitive)] > run > start running to take head1674 to take off1815 break1834 1815 W. Williams & J. Eagles Jrnl. Llewellin Penrose III. xxx. 200 One of our dogs took off up the hill at full speed. 1825 C. Waterton Wanderings in S. Amer. iii. iv. 265 The Indian took off into the woods. 1905 Washington Post 8 Oct. 10/2 Bunny dashed out.., and took off across the cornfield with the swiftness of a deer. 1968 Listener 19 Dec. 809/3 I'm not stopping here,..no matter what they say or do... I'm taking off tonight. 1978 M. Duffy Housespy vii. 178 Danny Oldfield's taken off. I'll let you know when I find her. 2006 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 21 May v. 17 We rented a 4x4, and every day we took off into the mountains. b. Of a river, road, etc.: to branch off from a larger river, road, etc. Cf. sense 61.In the 19th and 20th centuries, chiefly in South Asian contexts. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > inclination > divergence > diverge [verb (intransitive)] > ramify or branch > branch off or out issuec1515 branchc1540 disbranch1622 to go off1728 to take off1831 outbranch1835 offset1853 rib1856 1831 Gleanings in Sci. June 189 The most navigable outlets, such as the Chundna, are extremely serpentine, and take off from the main river, many miles lower down than the others. 1888 19th Cent. Jan. 44 The second [headwater of the Hugli] takes off from the Ganges about forty miles eastward from the Bhagirathi. 1896 Indian Forester Apr. 126 Canals..take off from the river here to irrigate inland tracts. 1908 Imperial Gazetteer India (new ed.) XXI. 2 A few miles below Kyaiklat the Gonnyindan stream takes off from the Kyaiklat river. 1911 A. C. Yate Proposed Trans-Persian Railway 11 The Trans-Persian Railway, then, will take off from a point on the Baku-Tifflis line. 1927 Times 3 Nov. 13/2 It will pass close where the road up to the Gurkha cantonment..takes off from the main road. 2005 W. H. Skelton Cherokee National Forest Hiking Guide (ed. 2) 161 There are a large number of side roads that take off from the main trail. c. Croquet. To croquet a ball so as to send one's own ball in the direction in which the mallet is aimed, the croqueted ball staying almost stationary or moving from the struck ball at a right angle. With from, specifying the croqueted ball. Cf. take-off n. 4. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > sport > types of sport or game > ball game > croquet > play croquet [verb (intransitive)] > types of play or stroke to knock the balls about1864 to take off1872 cut1874 finesse1874 shoot1874 peel1960 1872 R. C. A. Prior Notes on Croquet 48 It were an improvement..to tether a ball in the centre of the ground, which at starting should be hit by the players from a spot in the middle of the left-hand boundary. Taking off from this tethered ball, they might go to any part of the lawn. 1874 J. D. Heath Compl. Croquet-player ii. 56 Red and Yellow are close together, and Blue, by taking off from Black to them.., can rush it in any direction he likes. 1903 Country Life 11 July 64/2 After roqueting her partner, black, took off from her, and hitting red, sent it rolling towards the boundary. 2010 J. Hawkins Compl. Croquet iv. 45/1 The classical model for break play relies extensively on taking off from the pivot ball at the peg. 11. transitive. To take down or obtain (a message transmitted by telegraph or telephone). Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > communication > telecommunication > telegraphy or telephony > telegraphy > telegraph a message [verb (transitive)] > record message to take off1862 record1873 tick-off1934 1862 Notts. Guardian 18 Apr. 6/3 By this means a telegraph clerk, in taking off a message, writes it himself without being obliged to raise his eyes from the paper. 1916 ‘B. Cable’ Action Front 175 When he had sent that message, he took off and wrote down one or two others from the signalling station. 1935 E. Bagnold National Velvet xiii. 240 Back in the fog a voice had spoken into a telephone... And in that very second in the offices of the Associated Press in New York, men had taken off the message. 12. transitive. To claim or regard (a period of time) as leave or rest from work or some other activity (also with from). Cf. earlier day off n. at day n. Phrases 3c, time off at time n., int., and conj. Phrases 2e. ΚΠ 1868 Clinton Republican (Wilmington, Ohio) 9 Jan. 1/6 He [sc. a compositor] works when he pleases, simply having to put a ‘sub’ on his frame when he desires to ‘take a day off’.] 1883 Ave Maria 10 Nov. 881/2 I guess I owe myself a spree.., and I'll take off a week and spend it in Austin. 1894 L. B. Walford Ploughed 244 New Year's Day coming on a Monday, and my forcing the lad to take the day off to-day as well, has given us just the very chance. 1914 Inland Printer Aug. 732 If he will..take an hour off from worrying..he will feel much better. 1943 Greeley (Colorado) Daily Tribune 25 June 3/6 (advt.) Thanks to laundries, women working in war plants can stay on the job every day, instead of taking off a day a week to do their family washing. 1980 Black Enterprise Dec. 22/3 Hardy had to take a month off from work. 2011 B. Wiseman et al. Amish Wedding 183 Please tell her I hope she feels better soon. She can take tomorrow off too. 13. intransitive. Chiefly U.S. regional (southern). To absent oneself from work or school; to take the day off. ΘΚΠ the world > space > place > absence > be absent [verb (intransitive)] > absent oneself to turn awaya1400 absenta1425 to play truant1560 truant1580 to take (a) French leave1751 to trig it1796 to play hookey1848 submarine1915 to take off1930 bunk1949 1930 W. Faulkner As I lay Dying 118 You take off and stay in the house today. 1936 W. Greene Death in Deep South (1937) 61 She thought she'd be off in the afternoon and she said she'd take off anyway if she wasn't. 2008 A. McPartlin Apart from Crowd (rev. ed.) (end matter) Some days I'll work all day, some days I'll work half the day, and some days I'll take off and instead work throughout the night. 14. transitive. U.S. slang. To steal (a thing); to rob, hold up (a person or place). Cf. to rip off 3 at rip v.1 Phrasal verbs 1. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > taking > stealing or theft > robbery > rob [verb (transitive)] reaveeOE benima1325 berob1340 pelfa1400 distress1490 derob1546 heave1567 shrive1630 strubc1680 spung1719 to do over1785 strong-arm1896 make1926 heist1930 to take off1937 hit1955 to knock off1960 1937 E. H. Sutherland Professional Thief i. 14 As soon as he takes off a score, he leaves the store, plants it, and goes back for another. 1968 N. Heard Howard Street v. 71 We gon' git enough fightin' tryin' to take off some of these chumps' money. 1972 J. Hudson in T. Kochman Rappin' & Stylin' Out 413 I can't go no place expecting to take off some fat sucker if I look like a greaseball. 1973 Black World Jan. 56/1 He and Cecil B were to take off a supermarket in San Jose. 2000 E. Bunker Educ. of Felon xii. 225 An old professional thief named Jerry and I took off a cocktail lounge in the Rampart district. to take off —— to take off —— 1. transitive. To cause (esp. a person) to stop performing a given task, activity, duty, etc.; to dismiss, release, or withdraw from. ΚΠ 1648 G. Winstanley Saints Paradise v. 95 It is..his delight to be taken off his work of burning and consuming the devill. 1654 R. Baxter Apol. against T. Blake & G. Kendall 88 You take them off the work that their master hath set them on. 1749 Case of Charles Moore 4 50 Coopers..who were capable to hoop 500 Butts per Day, all were taken off their Work by the Foreman. 1827 Albion 7 July 25/3 The Commander..changed Thompson's route, and took him off the infernal duty to which he had previously ordered him. 1849 Minutes Evid. Sel. Comm. Darlinghurst Gaol 59 in Votes & Proc. Legislative Council New S. Wales II. 287 By whose order was he taken off hard labor? 1901 Times of India 22 Aug. 6/5 I was transferred to H.M.S. ‘Pembroke’. She had just been taken off active service. 1926 Hamilton (Ohio) Daily News 9 Jan. 8/1 His lavish expenditure of money appalled the producers and they took him off the job. 1987 J. Fisher Lindbergh Case x. 123 Why was an outstanding law enforcement man like Irey being taken off the case? 2013 P. Beasley Disempowered xxviii. 306 The..doctor sent him a recommendation, after I've been working there all these years, to take me off kitchen duty. 2. transitive. a. To cause (an animal) to stop feeding solely or principally on a particular food; to cease to restrict (esp. a person) to a particular diet or cause to stop consuming a particular food. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > ceasing > cease from (an action or operation) [verb (transitive)] > cause to cease or put a stop to astintc700 stathea1200 atstuntc1220 to put an end toa1300 to set end ofa1300 batec1300 stanch1338 stinta1350 to put awayc1350 arrestc1374 finisha1375 terminec1390 achievea1393 cease1393 removec1405 terminate?a1425 stop1426 surceasec1435 resta1450 discontinue1474 adetermine1483 blina1500 stay1525 abrogatea1529 suppressa1538 to set in or at stay1538 to make stay of1572 depart1579 check1581 intercept1581 to give a stop toa1586 dirempt1587 date1589 period1595 astayc1600 nip1600 to break off1607 snape1631 sist1635 to make (a) stop of1638 supersede1643 assopiatea1649 periodizea1657 unbusya1657 to put a stop to1679 to give the holla to1681 to run down1697 cessate1701 end1737 to choke off1818 stopper1821 punctuate1825 to put a stopper on1828 to take off ——1845 still1850 to put the lid on1873 on the fritz1900 to close down1903 to put the fritz on something1910 to put the bee on1918 switch1921 to blow the whistle on1934 1845 Ohio Cultivator 1 June 84/1 The sheep should not be taken off fodder, till the grass has a good start. 1879 Penal Servitude Acts Comm.: Rep. II. 181 in Parl. Papers 1878–9 (C. 2368–I) XXXVII. 67 The instant that the medical officer sees that his [sc. a prisoner's] health is failing he sends me an official form, ‘I recommend that this man should be taken off bread and water.’ 1902 J. Haas Hogology 35 Pigs should be taken off green feed and given more liberal allowances of..nitrogenous feeds. 1915 J. W. Lane-Claypon Milk xi. 193 The children were taken off milk when an attack of diarrhoea supervened. 1964 Agric. Decisions (U.S. Dept. Agric.) 23 645 The complainant breached the contract by taking the steers off ensilage and putting them on hay and water. 1974 Washington Post 19 Mar. b4/3 This doctor..took him off all liquids in the late afternoon and evening. 2014 J. Morgan From Needles to Natural 231 I always recommend itchy pets be taken off dry food. b. To cause (esp. a person) to stop taking a particular drug or course of therapy. Also in later use: to disconnect (a patient) from an artificial respirator, life-support system, etc. ΚΠ 1897 Med. & Surg. Reporter 20 Feb. 250/1 [Some] arsenic-eaters..have shown signs of..poisoning only when..suddenly taken off the drug when they have been in the habit of taking it medicinally or as an indulgence. 1920 N.Y. State Jrnl. Med. 20 116/2 Any form of cure can take an addict off his drug provided this is done promptly. 1968 Guardian 25 July 7/4 Your wife is much improved. We took her off the respirator last night. 1973 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 20 Oct. 157/1 Patients..with a poor prognosis will be taken off the treatment. 1997 R. Hursthouse in R. Crisp & M. Slote Virtue Ethics xi. 219 One might opt for taking her father off the life-support machine and the other for leaving her father on it. 2007 G. Keillor Pontoon xxii. 207 He was near death when he arrived and they took him off antibiotics and he bounced back, and got up and started walking around. < as lemmas |
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