activatev.

Brit.

/ˈaktᵻveɪt/, U.S.

/ˈæktəˌveɪt/

Forms: see active adj. and n. and -ate suffix³.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: active adj., -ate suffix³.

Etymology: < active adj. + -ate suffix³. Compare post-classical Latin activare (13th cent. in a British source), French activer to motivate, encourage (an action) (15th cent. in Middle French), to increase the growth-rate of a plant (1519 in Middle French), to accelerate (an action) (1800), to make active (1808). Compare earlier actuate v. and also active v.

a. transitive. To make (more) active; to move to activity; to initiate (a process). Also: to motivate.

ΘΚΠ

the world > movement > cause to move [verb (transitive)]

stira1023

icchec1175

wawc1290

movea1382

remble1579

rouse1582

agitate1592

act1597

to put in (also into, to) motion1597

activate1624

actuate1641

animate1646

ferment1667

to feague away1671

to carry about1680

excite1694

jee1722

bestir1813

emotion1831

to set on1855

send1864

motion1929

the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > refreshment or invigoration > refresh or invigorate [verb (transitive)]

akeleOE

restOE

comfort1303

ease1330

quickc1350

recurea1382

refresha1382

refetec1384

restorec1384

affilea1393

enforcec1400

freshc1405

revigour?a1425

recomfortc1425

recreatec1425

quicken?c1430

revive1442

cheerc1443

refection?c1450

refect1488

unweary1530

freshen1532

corroborate1541

vige?c1550

erect?1555

recollect?1560

repose1562

respite1565

rouse1574

requicken1576

animate1585

enlive1593

revify1598

inanimate1600

insinew1600

to wind up1602

vigorize1603

inspiritc1610

invigour1611

refocillate1611

revigorate1611

renovate1614

spriten1614

repaira1616

activate1624

vigour1636

enliven1644

invigorate1646

rally1650

reinvigorate1652

renerve1652

to freshen up1654

righta1656

re-enlivena1660

recruita1661

enlighten1667

revivify1675

untire1677

reanimate1694

stimulate1759

rebrace1764

refreshen1780

brisken1799

irrigate1823

tonic1825

to fresh up1835

ginger1844

spell1846

recuperate1849

binge1854

tone1859

innerve1880

fiercen1896

to tone up1896

to buck up1909

pep1912

to zip up1927

to perk up1936

to zizz up1944

hep1948

to zing up1948

juice1964

the world > action or operation > undertaking > beginning action or activity > begin or enter upon (an action) [verb (transitive)] > bring into activity or activate

enter1563

inact1583

active1620

activate1624

yoke1630

animate1646

inactuate1651

to bring (also call, put) into (also in) play1799

to put onc1842

to bring on1860

mobilize1871

derepress1962

1624 R. Montagu Immediate Addresse 5 Vpon an exigent of extremitie, Court holy water is but small comfort refreshing, the which, but actiuated with Aurum potabile, worketh scarce somewhat, without that ingredient, no great effect at all.

a1641 R. Montagu Acts & Monuments (1642) 190 I cannot see that he would consent with Ambrose, that they [sc. the Sibyls] were activated by the Deuill.

1672 O. Walker Of Educ. i. x. 117 This warms and activates the spirit in the search of truth.

1741 W. Wilkes Ess. Pleasures & Advantages Female Lit. 9 The chief Work of Learning is to warm and activate the Soul in the noble Search of Truth.

1749 W. Biggs Mil. Hist. Europe 157 The General to reward his Bravery and activate the Spirits of others, made him a Corporal.

1849 Daily News 10 Jan. 2/3 A poor man's arm is capital, if he have the strong interest and security to wield and activate it.

1858 J. H. Bennet Nutrition ii. 42 Increased muscular vigour..activates respiration.

1905 Sat. Westm. Gaz. 15 July 13 The young English dramatist has very few opportunities of making the hair of the Philistine stand on end or activating his digestion.

1961 Ess. & Stud. 14 76 The motives of self-appointed moralists... Are they activated by concern for public morality?

1993 Sci. News 3 Apr. 216/1 When herpes simplex virus (HSV) infects an endothelial cell..lining an artery, it may activate the clotting process.

2006 M. Crichton Next xxvi. 140 Vague patents that are applied for with the intention of letting them lie dormant until somebody else makes a discovery that activates them.

b. intransitive. To become active; to operate or begin operating.

ΚΠ

1910 Bull. Amer. Acad. Med. Dec. 664 The inhibitor of complex sex differentiation seems to be dominant in the male..though it may fail to activate in and is indeed irrelevant to the female sex.

1955 Pop. Mech. June 42/1 (advt.) Electronic Eye. Automatically activates by light change from day to night.

1989 Cycle Oct. 19/1 It has a patented inertia system that activates whenever the rider brakes or downshifts.

2005 Men's Health (U.K. ed.) June 89 (advt.) It has roll bars behind the rear seats that activate automatically when they sense an imminent rollover.

c. transitive. To cause (a device, machine, etc.) to operate or begin operating; = actuate v. 2c.

ΚΠ

1941 Science 6 June 552/1 A roller leaf micro-switch is activated.

1945 Fresno (Calif.) Bee 15 Aug. 9/4 If the other craft is friendly, the interrogating radar pulse will activate a responder radar set.

1972 McGraw-Hill Yearbk. Sci. & Technol. 1971 335/1 Original copy is placed on the camera's copy board and the processor activated by a foot switch.

2003 H. S. Thompson Kingdom of Fear iii. 330 More & more likely to activate the body-screecher at any self-respecting International Airport.

a. transitive. Chemistry and Biochemistry. To make (more) reactive; to make capable of chemical, enzymatic, catalytic, etc., action. Also: to initiate or increase the rate of (a reaction).

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > subject to chemical reactions or processes [verb (transitive)] > subject to process affecting reaction > react

actuate1686

activate1893

react1927

1893 U.S. Patent 494,349 2 When the reaction commences to subside it may be activated by working up (stirring the materials).

1903 Science 31 July 154/2 Activate.—There is probably little objection to the revival of this practically obsolete word to express an effect on a substance by which it is rendered more active chemically.

1905 Biol. Bull. 9 149 This may also apply to enterokinase, which activates trypsinogen.

1948 Science 9 Apr. 377/1 Adding citrate or phosphate ions to the glycine solution in order to bind magnesium ions, which presumably activate nucleases or polymerases.

1964 L. H. Van Vlack Elements Materials Sci. (ed. 2) 398 (Gloss.) Catalyst , a reusable agent for activating a chemical reaction.

1989 B. Alberts et al. Molecular Biol. Cell (ed. 2) xii. 713 Light activates rhodopsin in the disc membrane of the rod cell.

2000 W. Cabri & R. Di Fabio From Bench to Market vi. 135 1 mol of water and 1 mol of carbonate are necessary to activate the boronic acid.

b. transitive. Physics. To make radioactive; = radioactivate v. Usually in passive.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > physics > atomic nucleus > radioactivity > making radioactive > make radioactive [verb (transitive)]

activate1924

radioactivate1949

cook1950

1924 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 10 460 A sample of lead may be activated by addition of radium-D or thorium-B.

1936 O. Hahn Appl. Radiochem. vi. 171 In the Kjeldahl determination of nitrogen, the ammonia formed is led into a solution of lead nitrate that has been radio~actively activated.

1967 tr. A. H. Becquerel Nobel Lect. Physics 1901–21 67 The bodies activated by the radium produce the same effect as radium.

2004 S. Jayaraman & L. H. Lanzl Clin. Radiotherapy Physics (ed. 2) xvii. 372 In artificially produced radioactive materials, only a certain percentage of the target nuclides are activated and become radioactive.

3. transitive. Military (originally and chiefly U.S.). To call (a unit, reservist, etc.) into active service.

ΚΠ

1940 Nevada State Jrnl. 31 May 3/1 Authority had been received from the war department to activate five units of corps troops.

1946 Origins of Army Ground Forces (U.S. Army Field Forces) 2 Units of this Organized Reserve would be activated..as needed.

1991 Drew Mag. Aug. 29/2 The Pentagon activated his marine unit. He was given only a few days to..say goodbye to his family..and report for active duty.

2003 N.Y. Times 19 Jan. iv. 7/3 The Pentagon plans to activate as many as 265,000 of America's so-called weekend warriors..members of the National Guard and the Reserves.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	activate
释义	activatev. Brit. /ˈaktᵻveɪt/, U.S. /ˈæktəˌveɪt/ Forms: see active adj. and n. and -ate suffix³. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: active adj., -ate suffix³. Etymology: < active adj. + -ate suffix³. Compare post-classical Latin activare (13th cent. in a British source), French activer to motivate, encourage (an action) (15th cent. in Middle French), to increase the growth-rate of a plant (1519 in Middle French), to accelerate (an action) (1800), to make active (1808). Compare earlier actuate v. and also active v. 1. a. transitive. To make (more) active; to move to activity; to initiate (a process). Also: to motivate. ΘΚΠ the world > movement > cause to move [verb (transitive)] stira1023 icchec1175 wawc1290 movea1382 remble1579 rouse1582 agitate1592 act1597 to put in (also into, to) motion1597 activate1624 actuate1641 animate1646 ferment1667 to feague away1671 to carry about1680 excite1694 jee1722 bestir1813 emotion1831 to set on1855 send1864 motion1929 the world > physical sensation > sleeping and waking > refreshment or invigoration > refresh or invigorate [verb (transitive)] akeleOE restOE comfort1303 ease1330 quickc1350 recurea1382 refresha1382 refetec1384 restorec1384 affilea1393 enforcec1400 freshc1405 revigour?a1425 recomfortc1425 recreatec1425 quicken?c1430 revive1442 cheerc1443 refection?c1450 refect1488 unweary1530 freshen1532 corroborate1541 vige?c1550 erect?1555 recollect?1560 repose1562 respite1565 rouse1574 requicken1576 animate1585 enlive1593 revify1598 inanimate1600 insinew1600 to wind up1602 vigorize1603 inspiritc1610 invigour1611 refocillate1611 revigorate1611 renovate1614 spriten1614 repaira1616 activate1624 vigour1636 enliven1644 invigorate1646 rally1650 reinvigorate1652 renerve1652 to freshen up1654 righta1656 re-enlivena1660 recruita1661 enlighten1667 revivify1675 untire1677 reanimate1694 stimulate1759 rebrace1764 refreshen1780 brisken1799 irrigate1823 tonic1825 to fresh up1835 ginger1844 spell1846 recuperate1849 binge1854 tone1859 innerve1880 fiercen1896 to tone up1896 to buck up1909 pep1912 to zip up1927 to perk up1936 to zizz up1944 hep1948 to zing up1948 juice1964 the world > action or operation > undertaking > beginning action or activity > begin or enter upon (an action) [verb (transitive)] > bring into activity or activate enter1563 inact1583 active1620 activate1624 yoke1630 animate1646 inactuate1651 to bring (also call, put) into (also in) play1799 to put onc1842 to bring on1860 mobilize1871 derepress1962 1624 R. Montagu Immediate Addresse 5 Vpon an exigent of extremitie, Court holy water is but small comfort refreshing, the which, but actiuated with Aurum potabile, worketh scarce somewhat, without that ingredient, no great effect at all. a1641 R. Montagu Acts & Monuments (1642) 190 I cannot see that he would consent with Ambrose, that they [sc. the Sibyls] were activated by the Deuill. 1672 O. Walker Of Educ. i. x. 117 This warms and activates the spirit in the search of truth. 1741 W. Wilkes Ess. Pleasures & Advantages Female Lit. 9 The chief Work of Learning is to warm and activate the Soul in the noble Search of Truth. 1749 W. Biggs Mil. Hist. Europe 157 The General to reward his Bravery and activate the Spirits of others, made him a Corporal. 1849 Daily News 10 Jan. 2/3 A poor man's arm is capital, if he have the strong interest and security to wield and activate it. 1858 J. H. Bennet Nutrition ii. 42 Increased muscular vigour..activates respiration. 1905 Sat. Westm. Gaz. 15 July 13 The young English dramatist has very few opportunities of making the hair of the Philistine stand on end or activating his digestion. 1961 Ess. & Stud. 14 76 The motives of self-appointed moralists... Are they activated by concern for public morality? 1993 Sci. News 3 Apr. 216/1 When herpes simplex virus (HSV) infects an endothelial cell..lining an artery, it may activate the clotting process. 2006 M. Crichton Next xxvi. 140 Vague patents that are applied for with the intention of letting them lie dormant until somebody else makes a discovery that activates them. b. intransitive. To become active; to operate or begin operating. ΚΠ 1910 Bull. Amer. Acad. Med. Dec. 664 The inhibitor of complex sex differentiation seems to be dominant in the male..though it may fail to activate in and is indeed irrelevant to the female sex. 1955 Pop. Mech. June 42/1 (advt.) Electronic Eye. Automatically activates by light change from day to night. 1989 Cycle Oct. 19/1 It has a patented inertia system that activates whenever the rider brakes or downshifts. 2005 Men's Health (U.K. ed.) June 89 (advt.) It has roll bars behind the rear seats that activate automatically when they sense an imminent rollover. c. transitive. To cause (a device, machine, etc.) to operate or begin operating; = actuate v. 2c. ΚΠ 1941 Science 6 June 552/1 A roller leaf micro-switch is activated. 1945 Fresno (Calif.) Bee 15 Aug. 9/4 If the other craft is friendly, the interrogating radar pulse will activate a responder radar set. 1972 McGraw-Hill Yearbk. Sci. & Technol. 1971 335/1 Original copy is placed on the camera's copy board and the processor activated by a foot switch. 2003 H. S. Thompson Kingdom of Fear iii. 330 More & more likely to activate the body-screecher at any self-respecting International Airport. 2. a. transitive. Chemistry and Biochemistry. To make (more) reactive; to make capable of chemical, enzymatic, catalytic, etc., action. Also: to initiate or increase the rate of (a reaction). ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > subject to chemical reactions or processes [verb (transitive)] > subject to process affecting reaction > react actuate1686 activate1893 react1927 1893 U.S. Patent 494,349 2 When the reaction commences to subside it may be activated by working up (stirring the materials). 1903 Science 31 July 154/2 Activate.—There is probably little objection to the revival of this practically obsolete word to express an effect on a substance by which it is rendered more active chemically. 1905 Biol. Bull. 9 149 This may also apply to enterokinase, which activates trypsinogen. 1948 Science 9 Apr. 377/1 Adding citrate or phosphate ions to the glycine solution in order to bind magnesium ions, which presumably activate nucleases or polymerases. 1964 L. H. Van Vlack Elements Materials Sci. (ed. 2) 398 (Gloss.) Catalyst , a reusable agent for activating a chemical reaction. 1989 B. Alberts et al. Molecular Biol. Cell (ed. 2) xii. 713 Light activates rhodopsin in the disc membrane of the rod cell. 2000 W. Cabri & R. Di Fabio From Bench to Market vi. 135 1 mol of water and 1 mol of carbonate are necessary to activate the boronic acid. b. transitive. Physics. To make radioactive; = radioactivate v. Usually in passive. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > physics > atomic nucleus > radioactivity > making radioactive > make radioactive [verb (transitive)] activate1924 radioactivate1949 cook1950 1924 Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 10 460 A sample of lead may be activated by addition of radium-D or thorium-B. 1936 O. Hahn Appl. Radiochem. vi. 171 In the Kjeldahl determination of nitrogen, the ammonia formed is led into a solution of lead nitrate that has been radio~actively activated. 1967 tr. A. H. Becquerel Nobel Lect. Physics 1901–21 67 The bodies activated by the radium produce the same effect as radium. 2004 S. Jayaraman & L. H. Lanzl Clin. Radiotherapy Physics (ed. 2) xvii. 372 In artificially produced radioactive materials, only a certain percentage of the target nuclides are activated and become radioactive. 3. transitive. Military (originally and chiefly U.S.). To call (a unit, reservist, etc.) into active service. ΚΠ 1940 Nevada State Jrnl. 31 May 3/1 Authority had been received from the war department to activate five units of corps troops. 1946 Origins of Army Ground Forces (U.S. Army Field Forces) 2 Units of this Organized Reserve would be activated..as needed. 1991 Drew Mag. Aug. 29/2 The Pentagon activated his marine unit. He was given only a few days to..say goodbye to his family..and report for active duty. 2003 N.Y. Times 19 Jan. iv. 7/3 The Pentagon plans to activate as many as 265,000 of America's so-called weekend warriors..members of the National Guard and the Reserves. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, November 2010; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < v.1624
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