| 单词 | sym- | 
| 释义 | sym-prefix  representing Greek συμ-, assimilated form of συν- syn- prefix, before labials (β, μ, π, ϕ, ψ), hence in words of Greek derivation in Latin and modern languages before b, m, p. 				 [ <  Greek σύμμορϕος   (μορϕή   form) + -ic suffix]			, having the same or a like form; conformed; so 				 [after peripatetic n. and adj.]			, a fellow-walker, a companion in a walk. 				 [Greek ϕώνησις  phonesis n.; compare Greek συμϕώνησις agreement]			 (see quot. and ding-dong adj. 1). 				 [irregularly  <  Greek συμϕράττειν   to press together + -ic suffix]			, produced by pressure, as regionally metamorphosed rocks; so 				 [ <  Greek συμϕρονεῖν to be of one mind; after synchronistic]			, involving coincidence or identity of thought; embodying the same ideas. 				 [Greek ϕύλλον   leaf: see -ous suffix]			, having the perianth-leaves united; gamophyllous.   symmorphic adj.  Brit. , U.S. Apparently an isolated use. Π 1851    G. S. Faber Many Mansions 103  				Our spiritualised human bodies..thus conformed or (as the Greek has it [Philipp. iii. 21])..made symmorphic to his spiritualised Body.   symmorphism  n.  Brit. , U.S. likeness of form, condition of being conformed. Π 1851    G. S. Faber Many Mansions 103  				They would neither have this declared symmorphism, nor..be fitted for a perpetual abode..with the Lord their glorious pattern.   sympalmograph  n.  Brit. , U.S. [Greek παλμός   vibration: see -graph comb. form]			 an apparatus for exhibiting the combination of vibrations, consisting of a double pendulum the two parts of which can be caused to vibrate in different directions and at varying rates, with a style attached so as to trace the resulting curves on a prepared surface. Π 1895    C. E. Benham in  Engineering 26 July 127 		(title)	  				The Sympalmograph.   sympatetic  n.  Brit. , U.S. Apparently an isolated use. Π 1832    W. Maginn in  Blackwood's Mag. 32 413  				Without..interrupting..the dialogue of the two venerable sympatetics.   sympelmous adj.  Brit. , U.S. (also erroneoussynpelmous)					 [Greek πέλμα   sole of the foot: see -ous suffix]			 Ornithology having the tendons of the deep flexors of the toes united before separating to each of the four digits. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > parts of or bird defined by > 			[adjective]		 > of toes or claws > having particular type of zygodactylous1828 yoke-toed1831 zygodactyl1831 anisodactylic1834 zygodactylic1835 lark-heeled1837 short-toed1837 heterodactylous1854 pair-toed1868 sympelmous1885 pamprodactylous1889 pigeon-toed1890 pamprodactyl1934 synpelmous- 1885    J. S. Kingsley Standard Nat. Hist. 		(1888)	 IV. 369  				An arrangement to be called synpelmous, since the two tendons are completely blended... The synpelmous distribution of the deep plantar tendons obtains especially in the swifts, humming birds..and their allies. 1890    H. Seebohm in  Ibis Jan. 31  				In synpelmous birds the plantars do not cross each other at the back of the tarsus.., but coalesce at the point where they usually cross. 1898    New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon  				Sympelmous.   symperitoneal adj.  Brit. , U.S. (see quot. 1903). Π 1903    W. A. N. Dorland Illustr. Med. Dict. 		(ed. 3)	 687/1  				Symperitoneal..uniting two or more parts of the peritoneum artificially.   sympetalous adj.  Brit. , U.S. (also erroneoussynpetalous)	 Botany having the petals united; gamopetalous. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > flower or part containing reproductive organs > 			[adjective]		 > having or relating to parts > of or having petals foliaceous1658 monopetalous1687 pentapetalous1687 polypetalous1687 hose-in-hose1688 monopetalose1693 pentapetalose1693 tetrapetalose1694 tetrapetalous1697 tripetalose1698 tripetalous1704 hexapetalous1707 petalous1719 petaloid1720 planipetalous1730 petaline1783 petaliform1788 petalled1793 polypetal1803 hexapetaloid1813 hexapetaloideous1830 tripetaloid1830 tripetaloideous1830 unipetalous1831 petaliferous1847 macropetalous1857 sympetalous1870 apopetalous1875 anisopetalous1880 petally1888 thread-petalled1899 thousand-petalled1951 decapetalous- synpetalous- 1870    A. W. Bennett in  Jrnl. Bot. June 192  				I would propose..terms similar to those applied to the pistil, where we use ‘apocarpous’, and ‘syncarpous’... The terms ‘aposepalous’, ‘synsepalous’, ‘apopetalous’, and ‘synpetalous’, would at once convey their meanings. 1877    A. W. Bennett tr.  O. W. Thomé Text-bk. Struct. & Physiol. Bot. 129  				The corolla is gamopetalous or sympetalous (less correctly ‘monopetalous’), when the petals are more or less coherent.   symphalangism  n.  Brit. , U.S. [Latin phalang-  : see phalanx n.]			 Anatomy a condition in which the middle phalanx of a finger or toe is properly developed in length but its proximal (or distal) joint is imperfect or absent. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > deformity > deformities of specific parts > 			[noun]		 > of fingers brachydactylism1886 hyperphalangism1891 hyperphalangy1898 hyperphalangia1899 hypophalangia1905 brachydactyly1906 hypophalangism1911 symphalangism1916 hypophalangy1929 1916    H. Cushing in  Genetics 1 91  				This paper will present a much more complete family record of an inherited trait... The malformation will be designated symphalangism. 1943    Jrnl. Heredity 31 344/1  				Similar reports of abnormalities of hands and feet including symphalangism, syndactylism, and polydactyly..seem to agree that many anatomical anomalies may be inherited as single dominant traits. 1965    Arch. Internal Med. 115 580/1  				Symphalangism (congenital fusion of the phalanges) is occasionally associated with brachydactyly.   symphile  n.  Brit. , U.S. Entomology an insect that lives with ants or other social insects as a guest in a relationship of symphilism. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > 			[noun]		 > member of > defined as social insect or association of > friendly symbiosis > guest symphile1910 1910    W. M. Wheeler Ants xxi. 381  				The symphiles represent the élite,..and number hardly more than 300 to 400 species, whereas the synœketes are much more numerous. 1960    H. Oldroyd tr.  Jeannel Introd. Entomol. viii. 212  				The greater number of symphiles are beetles, cherished by the ants, and carried with them wherever the nest is moved, but nevertheless terrible enemies of the colony because of the great damage they do to it. 1971    E. O. Wilson Insect Societies xx. 403/1  				Many of the better~integrated symphiles dispense attractive substances to their hosts from epidermal glands.   symphilic adj.  Brit. , U.S. pertaining to or being a symphile; also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > 			[adjective]		 > relating to guest symphilic1919 1919    W. Osler Old Humanities ii. 12  				This attention is what our symphilic community—to use a biological term—bestows on you. 1927    H. St. J. K. Donisthorpe Guests of Brit. Ants p. xvi  				They mostly possess characteristic or ‘symphilic’ colours and texture—a yellow-red, with an oily looking surface. 1971    E. O. Wilson Insect Societies xx. 403/2  				A large percentage of the symphilic beetles..possess peculiar tufts of red or golden hairs.   symphilism  n.  Brit. , U.S. [ <  German symphilie   (M. E. Wasmann 1896, in  3me Congr. Internat. Zool. 412),  <  Greek συμϕιλεῖν   to love mutually + -ism suffix]			 Biology term for a kind of friendly symbiosis or commensalism existing between ants or termites and certain other insects which they feed and tend as guests, and which in some cases yield a sweet substance as food for them. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > 			[noun]		 > member of > defined as social insect or association of > friendly symbiosis symphily1899 symphilism1903 1903    Nature 12 Feb. 351/1  				The phenomenon of ‘symphilism’, that is to say, the harbouring of insects, &c., of various foreign species in the nests of ants and termites. It is stated that the number of symphilous arthropods exceeds a hundred. Thesaurus » Categories »   symphilous adj.  Brit. , U.S. characterized by symphily.   symphily  n.  Brit. , U.S. [ <  Greek συμϕιλία]			 see symphilism n. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > 			[noun]		 > member of > defined as social insect or association of > friendly symbiosis symphily1899 symphilism1903 1899    D. Sharp in  Cambr. Nat. Hist. VI. 183  				The relations between ants and their guests..Wasmann..arranges..in four categories: 1, ‘Symphily’ for the true guests, which are fed and tended by the ants, the guests often affording some substance the ants delight in.   symphonesis  n.  Brit. , U.S. Philology ΘΚΠ the mind > language > 			[noun]		 > origin of language > theories of pooh-pooh theory1861 bow-wow theory1864 symphonesis1872 nativism1892 ta-ta theory1930 sing-song theory1939 1872    A. J. Ellis President's Addr. to Philol. Soc. 13  				The Dingdong! theory..; let us call it symphonesis.   symphonetic adj.  Brit. , U.S. [Greek ϕωνητικός  phonetic adj. and n.]			 		 (a) Music consisting of parts in harmony; polyphonic;		 (b) Philology exhibiting symphonesis. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > harmony or sounds in combination > 			[adjective]		 > characterized by symphonetic1721 chorded1850 the mind > language > 			[adjective]		 > terms relating to origin of language gestural1613 symphonetic1872 nativistic1922 1721    A. Malcolm Treat. Musick xi. §2. 332  				A compound Song is where Two or more Voices go together,..so that the Melody each of them makes, is a distinct and different simple Song..; ..all such Compositions are very properly called symphonetick Musick, or Musick in Parts. 1872    A. J. Ellis President's Addr. to Philol. Soc. 15  				Is it [sc. the word ‘scrumptious’] interjectional, imitational, or symphonetic?   symphrase  n.  Brit. , U.S. Grammar a word consisting of a phrase or number of words run into one. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > morphology > word-formation > 			[noun]		 > compounding > a compound > specific augmentative1616 repetitive1810 bahuvrihi1846 dvandva compound1846 karmadharaya1846 tatpurusha1846 copulative compound1888 symphrase1893 synonym-compound1923 1893    Smithsonian Rep. 41  				He was able to ascertain and formulate the principles..governing the number, kind, and position of notional stems in symphrases, or word-sentences.   symphrattic adj.  Brit. , U.S. Geology ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > formation of features > metamorphism > 			[adjective]		 metamorphic1833 thermo-metamorphic1889 post-metamorphic1900 potassic1902 sodic1902 katamorphic1904 symphrattic1904 retrogressive1930 retrograde1932 Scourian1950 1904    A. W. Grabau in  Amer. Geol. Apr. 236 		(note)	  				Rocks of this type may be called symphrattic rocks.   symphrattism  n.  Brit. , U.S. metamorphism caused by pressure. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > formation of features > metamorphism > 			[noun]		 metamorphism1845 regional metamorphism1861 contact metamorphism1876 plutonometamorphism1889 thermo-metamorphism1889 anamorphism1904 katamorphism1904 symphrattism1904 1904    A. W. Grabau in  Amer. Geol. Apr. 236  				Whether the metamorphism be due..to mountain making processes (regional or dynamo-metamorphism, or symphrattism).   symphronistic adj.  Brit. , U.S. Apparently an isolated use. Π 1827    T. Carlyle tr.  J. W. von Goethe Wilhelm Meister's Trav. in  German Romance IV. 145  				Another series of..occurrences, not so much of a synchronistic, as of a symphronistic kind.   symphylan adj. and n.  Brit. , U.S. [modern Latin Symphyla, name of a class of arthropods (J. A. Ryder 1880, in  Amer. Naturalist XIV. 376),  <  Greek ϕυλή tribe: so called from their combining characteristics of several other classes]			 (of or pertaining to) an arthropod of the class Symphyla, the members of which resemble centipedes, having soft bodies and many legs. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Symphyla > 			[noun]		 > member of symphylan1898 symphylid1936 the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Symphyla > 			[adjective]		 > of or relating to member of class Symphyla symphylan1898 symphylid1936 1898    A. S. Packard Text-bk. Entomol. 21  				He..believed that the Symphyla are the forerunners of the myriapods, and not of the insects, his genealogical tree representing the symphylan and thysanuran phyla as originating from the same point. 1964    U. Lanham Insects i. 19  				Two of these classes [of many-legged arthropods]— the pauropods and the symphylans—are small, obscure creatures... The other two—centipedes and millipedes—are larger, more conspicuous. 1979    W. D. Russell-Hunter Life Invertebr. xvi. 301  				In some structural features, symphylans resemble the centipedes and in others the apterygote insects.   symphylid adj. and n.  Brit. , U.S. Entomology = symphylan adj. and n. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Symphyla > 			[noun]		 > member of symphylan1898 symphylid1936 the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Symphyla > 			[adjective]		 > of or relating to member of class Symphyla symphylan1898 symphylid1936 1936    Trans. Soc. Brit. Entomol. 3 14  				The contention that the opisthogoneate condition in insects has been derived from Symphylid stock. 1936    Trans. Soc. Brit. Entomol. 3 16  				The heart, haemocoel, fat-body and anal glands have all been inherited from the Symphylids. 1973    Nature 16 Nov. 128/1  				It is of interest that certain of the symphilids carry styli on the base of the second and third pairs of legs. 1974    Encycl. Brit. Macropædia XII. 771/1  				Symphilid species are small, fragile, and lacking pigmentation.   symphyllous adj.  Brit. , U.S. Botany ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > leaf > plant defined by leaves > 			[adjective]		 > having leaves of particular shape or size broad-leaved1552 long-leaved1562 narrow-leaved1578 round-leaved1597 small-leaved1597 long-leafed1629 rosemary-leaved1633 rue-leaved1633 teretifolious1657 cut-leaved1731 longleaf1733 channel-leaved1758 halberd-shaped1770 alder-leaved1772 oak-leaved1776 holly-leaved1777 ivy-leaved1789 halberd-headed1795 daisy-leaved1796 narrow-leaf1804 oblique-leaved1807 sword-leaved1807 wing-leaved1822 flaggy1842 curly1845 macrophyllous1857 parvifolious1857 shield-leaved1860 curled1861 symphyllous1877 beak-leaved188. stenophyllous1880 thread-leaved1884 megaphyllous1901 little leaf1908 ivy-leaf1909 1877    A. W. Bennett tr.  O. W. Thomé Text-bk. Struct. & Physiol. Bot. iv. 134  				The perianth..may be gamophyllous or symphyllous..on the one hand; or [etc.].   sympneuma  n.  Brit. , U.S. (pl. sympneumata)					 [Greek πνεῦμα spirit]			 a supposed companion spirit, or spiritual bride or bridegroom. ΘΠ the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > 			[noun]		 > spiritual bride or bridegroom sympneuma1885 1885    L. Oliphant Sympneumata v. 81  				United with a ‘Sympneuma’ free from the gross external covering of outer body.   sympneumatic adj.  Brit. , U.S. of or pertaining to a ‘sympneuma’. ΘΠ the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > 			[adjective]		 > of or relating to spiritual bride sympneumatic1885 1885    L. Oliphant Sympneumata xii. 179  				The electric sympneumatic life. 1885    L. Oliphant Sympneumata xiii. 201  				The conscious notes echoed from the unconscious sympneumatic depths.   sympneumatism  n.  Brit. , U.S. the theory of ‘sympneumata’; also, agreement in ‘spirit’, disposition, or mental attitude. ΘΠ the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > 			[noun]		 > spiritual bride or bridegroom > theory of having sympneumatism1891 the mind > emotion > aspects of emotion > capacity for emotion > fellow feeling > 			[noun]		 pityc1300 consentc1384 fellow-feeling1578 sympathy1662 homopathy1678 identification1840 sympneumatism1891 panpathy1900 feeling1909 1891    Pall Mall Gaz. 9 July 2/2  				The sympneumatism between the Times and the ‘Tories' Last Hope’. 1892    Daily News 16 July 5/2  				The young lord who is bitten by ‘Sympneumatism’, or the theories of Mr. Laurence Oliphant. Categories »   sympolar adj.  Brit. , U.S. Geometry reciprocally polar: said of a pair of polyhedra so related that every face of each corresponds to a summit of the other.   sympolity  n.  Brit. , U.S. [Greek συμπολίτης   fellow-citizen, after polity n.1]			 mutual relation of, or a body of, fellow-citizens. ΘΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > 			[noun]		 > opposed to foreigner or visitor > status of > mutual interpolity1849 sympolity1873 1873    B. Gregory Holy Catholic Church xv. 146  				There does arise a new sympolity, a fellow-citizenship of the saints.   symport  n.  Brit. , U.S. [after transport n.]			 Biochemistry flow of two substances through a membrane in the same direction in which the rate is increased by a cooperative effect. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > movement > 			[noun]		 > diffusion through porous membrane > increased by two cooperating fluids symport1963 1963    P. Mitchell in  Biochem. Soc. Symp. XXII. 148  				Over a certain range of concentration, the asymmetry of distribution of the molecules of one substrate across the membrane gives rise to an increased flow of the second substrate in the same direction. We will call this type of coupled movement symport. 1978    Nature 2 Mar. 97/1  				There are discussions of algal ion transport and of Na+/organic solute cotransport (symport). ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > ecclesiastical discipline > court > presbyterian > 			[noun]		 > kirk-session > member of > fellow compresbytera1600 sympresbyter1671 co-presbyterc1828 1671    R. Baxter Difference between Power of Magistrates & Church-pastors  ii. 35  				The Major Vote of his Syn-Presbyters are against it. a1677    I. Barrow Wks. 		(1686)	 III. 280  				The same titles, which the Apostles assumed to themselves, they ascribe to their Sympresbyters.   sympsychograph  n.  Brit. , U.S. [psychograph n.]			 an imaginary composite portrait produced by superposition of images of the same object as conceived by different minds.Apparently an isolated use. Π 1896    D. S. Jordan in  Appletons' Pop. Sci. Monthly Sept. 601  				We are enabled to present a copy of the resultant sympsychograph.   sympsychographer  n.  Brit. , U.S.  Π 1896    D. S. Jordan in  Appletons' Pop. Sci. Monthly Sept. 602  				One suggestion was that this was the blind spot on the retina in each of the sympsychographers.   sympsychography  n.  Brit. , U.S.  Π 1896    D. S. Jordan in  Appletons' Pop. Sci. Monthly Sept. 601  				From seven ideals, sympathetically combined, the true cat would be developed. This combination is the essence of sympsychography. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1919; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < | 
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