sym-prefix

Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly.

representing Greek συμ-, assimilated form of συν- syn- prefix, before labials (β, μ, π, ϕ, ψ), hence in words of Greek derivation in Latin and modern languages before b, m, p. [ < Greek σύμμορϕος (μορϕή form) + -ic suffix] , having the same or a like form; conformed; so [after peripatetic n. and adj.] , a fellow-walker, a companion in a walk. [Greek ϕώνησις phonesis n.; compare Greek συμϕώνησις agreement] (see quot. and ding-dong adj. 1). [irregularly < Greek συμϕράττειν to press together + -ic suffix] , produced by pressure, as regionally metamorphosed rocks; so [ < Greek συμϕρονεῖν to be of one mind; after synchronistic] , involving coincidence or identity of thought; embodying the same ideas. [Greek ϕύλλον leaf: see -ous suffix] , having the perianth-leaves united; gamophyllous.

symmorphic adj.

Brit.

/sᵻˈmɔːfɪk/

U.S.

/səˈmɔrfɪk/

Apparently an isolated use.

1851 G. S. Faber Many Mansions 103 Our spiritualised human bodies..thus conformed or (as the Greek has it [Philipp. iii. 21])..made symmorphic to his spiritualised Body.

symmorphism n.

Brit.

/sᵻˈmɔːfɪz(ə)m/

U.S.

/səˈmɔrˌfɪzəm/

likeness of form, condition of being conformed.

1851 G. S. Faber Many Mansions 103 They would neither have this declared symmorphism, nor..be fitted for a perpetual abode..with the Lord their glorious pattern.

sympalmograph n.

Brit.

/sɪmˈpalmə(ʊ)ɡrɑːf/

/sɪmˈpalmə(ʊ)ɡraf/

U.S.

/sɪmˈpælməˌɡræf/

[Greek παλμός vibration: see -graph comb. form] an apparatus for exhibiting the combination of vibrations, consisting of a double pendulum the two parts of which can be caused to vibrate in different directions and at varying rates, with a style attached so as to trace the resulting curves on a prepared surface.

1895 C. E. Benham in Engineering 26 July 127 (title) The Sympalmograph.

sympatetic n.

Brit.

/ˌsɪmpəˈtɛtɪk/

U.S.

/ˌsɪmpəˈtɛdɪk/

Apparently an isolated use.

1832 W. Maginn in Blackwood's Mag. 32 413 Without..interrupting..the dialogue of the two venerable sympatetics.

sympelmous adj.

Brit.

/sɪmˈpɛlməs/

U.S.

/sɪmˈpɛlməs/

(also erroneoussynpelmous) [Greek πέλμα sole of the foot: see -ous suffix] Ornithology having the tendons of the deep flexors of the toes united before separating to each of the four digits.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > birds > parts of or bird defined by > [adjective] > of toes or claws > having particular type of

zygodactylous1828

yoke-toed1831

zygodactyl1831

anisodactylic1834

zygodactylic1835

lark-heeled1837

short-toed1837

heterodactylous1854

pair-toed1868

sympelmous1885

pamprodactylous1889

pigeon-toed1890

pamprodactyl1934

synpelmous-

1885 J. S. Kingsley Standard Nat. Hist. (1888) IV. 369 An arrangement to be called synpelmous, since the two tendons are completely blended... The synpelmous distribution of the deep plantar tendons obtains especially in the swifts, humming birds..and their allies.

1890 H. Seebohm in Ibis Jan. 31 In synpelmous birds the plantars do not cross each other at the back of the tarsus.., but coalesce at the point where they usually cross.

1898 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Sympelmous.

symperitoneal adj.

Brit.

/sɪmˌpɛrᵻtəˈniːəl/

U.S.

/ˌsɪmˌpɛrətnˈiəl/

(see quot. 1903).

1903 W. A. N. Dorland Illustr. Med. Dict. (ed. 3) 687/1 Symperitoneal..uniting two or more parts of the peritoneum artificially.

sympetalous adj.

Brit.

/sɪmˈpɛtələs/

/sɪmˈpɛtl̩əs/

U.S.

/sɪmˈpɛdl̩əs/

(also erroneoussynpetalous) Botany having the petals united; gamopetalous.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > flower or part containing reproductive organs > [adjective] > having or relating to parts > of or having petals

foliaceous1658

monopetalous1687

pentapetalous1687

polypetalous1687

hose-in-hose1688

monopetalose1693

pentapetalose1693

tetrapetalose1694

tetrapetalous1697

tripetalose1698

tripetalous1704

hexapetalous1707

petalous1719

petaloid1720

planipetalous1730

petaline1783

petaliform1788

petalled1793

polypetal1803

hexapetaloid1813

hexapetaloideous1830

tripetaloid1830

tripetaloideous1830

unipetalous1831

petaliferous1847

macropetalous1857

sympetalous1870

apopetalous1875

anisopetalous1880

petally1888

thread-petalled1899

thousand-petalled1951

decapetalous-

synpetalous-

1870 A. W. Bennett in Jrnl. Bot. June 192 I would propose..terms similar to those applied to the pistil, where we use ‘apocarpous’, and ‘syncarpous’... The terms ‘aposepalous’, ‘synsepalous’, ‘apopetalous’, and ‘synpetalous’, would at once convey their meanings.

1877 A. W. Bennett tr. O. W. Thomé Text-bk. Struct. & Physiol. Bot. 129 The corolla is gamopetalous or sympetalous (less correctly ‘monopetalous’), when the petals are more or less coherent.

symphalangism n.

Brit.

/ˌsɪmfəˈlandʒɪz(ə)m/

U.S.

/sɪmˈfælənˌdʒɪzəm/

[Latin phalang- : see phalanx n.] Anatomy a condition in which the middle phalanx of a finger or toe is properly developed in length but its proximal (or distal) joint is imperfect or absent.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > deformity > deformities of specific parts > [noun] > of fingers

brachydactylism1886

hyperphalangism1891

hyperphalangy1898

hyperphalangia1899

hypophalangia1905

brachydactyly1906

hypophalangism1911

symphalangism1916

hypophalangy1929

1916 H. Cushing in Genetics 1 91 This paper will present a much more complete family record of an inherited trait... The malformation will be designated symphalangism.

1943 Jrnl. Heredity 31 344/1 Similar reports of abnormalities of hands and feet including symphalangism, syndactylism, and polydactyly..seem to agree that many anatomical anomalies may be inherited as single dominant traits.

1965 Arch. Internal Med. 115 580/1 Symphalangism (congenital fusion of the phalanges) is occasionally associated with brachydactyly.

symphile n.

Brit.

/ˈsɪmfʌɪl/

U.S.

/ˈsɪmˌfaɪl/

Entomology an insect that lives with ants or other social insects as a guest in a relationship of symphilism.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > [noun] > member of > defined as social insect or association of > friendly symbiosis > guest

symphile1910

1910 W. M. Wheeler Ants xxi. 381 The symphiles represent the élite,..and number hardly more than 300 to 400 species, whereas the synœketes are much more numerous.

1960 H. Oldroyd tr. Jeannel Introd. Entomol. viii. 212 The greater number of symphiles are beetles, cherished by the ants, and carried with them wherever the nest is moved, but nevertheless terrible enemies of the colony because of the great damage they do to it.

1971 E. O. Wilson Insect Societies xx. 403/1 Many of the better~integrated symphiles dispense attractive substances to their hosts from epidermal glands.

symphilic adj.

Brit.

/sɪmˈfɪlɪk/

U.S.

/sɪmˈfɪlɪk/

pertaining to or being a symphile; also figurative.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > [adjective] > relating to guest

symphilic1919

1919 W. Osler Old Humanities ii. 12 This attention is what our symphilic community—to use a biological term—bestows on you.

1927 H. St. J. K. Donisthorpe Guests of Brit. Ants p. xvi They mostly possess characteristic or ‘symphilic’ colours and texture—a yellow-red, with an oily looking surface.

1971 E. O. Wilson Insect Societies xx. 403/2 A large percentage of the symphilic beetles..possess peculiar tufts of red or golden hairs.

symphilism n.

Brit.

/ˈsɪmfᵻlɪz(ə)m/

/ˈsɪmfl̩ɪz(ə)m/

U.S.

/ˈsɪmfəˌlɪzəm/

[ < German symphilie (M. E. Wasmann 1896, in 3me Congr. Internat. Zool. 412), < Greek συμϕιλεῖν to love mutually + -ism suffix] Biology term for a kind of friendly symbiosis or commensalism existing between ants or termites and certain other insects which they feed and tend as guests, and which in some cases yield a sweet substance as food for them.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > [noun] > member of > defined as social insect or association of > friendly symbiosis

symphily1899

symphilism1903

1903 Nature 12 Feb. 351/1 The phenomenon of ‘symphilism’, that is to say, the harbouring of insects, &c., of various foreign species in the nests of ants and termites. It is stated that the number of symphilous arthropods exceeds a hundred.

Thesaurus »

Categories »

symphilous adj.

Brit.

/ˈsɪmfᵻləs/

/ˈsɪmfl̩əs/

U.S.

/ˈsɪmfələs/

characterized by symphily.

symphily n.

Brit.

/ˈsɪmfᵻli/

/ˈsɪmfl̩i/

U.S.

/ˈsɪmfəli/

[ < Greek συμϕιλία] see symphilism n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > [noun] > member of > defined as social insect or association of > friendly symbiosis

symphily1899

symphilism1903

1899 D. Sharp in Cambr. Nat. Hist. VI. 183 The relations between ants and their guests..Wasmann..arranges..in four categories: 1, ‘Symphily’ for the true guests, which are fed and tended by the ants, the guests often affording some substance the ants delight in.

symphonesis n.

Brit.

/ˌsɪmfəˈniːsɪs/

U.S.

/ˌsɪmfəˈnisᵻs/

Philology

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > [noun] > origin of language > theories of

pooh-pooh theory1861

bow-wow theory1864

symphonesis1872

nativism1892

ta-ta theory1930

sing-song theory1939

1872 A. J. Ellis President's Addr. to Philol. Soc. 13 The Dingdong! theory..; let us call it symphonesis.

symphonetic adj.

Brit.

/ˌsɪmfəˈnɛtɪk/

U.S.

/ˌsɪmfəˈnɛdɪk/

[Greek ϕωνητικός phonetic adj. and n.] (a) Music consisting of parts in harmony; polyphonic; (b) Philology exhibiting symphonesis.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > harmony or sounds in combination > [adjective] > characterized by

symphonetic1721

chorded1850

the mind > language > [adjective] > terms relating to origin of language

gestural1613

symphonetic1872

nativistic1922

1721 A. Malcolm Treat. Musick xi. §2. 332 A compound Song is where Two or more Voices go together,..so that the Melody each of them makes, is a distinct and different simple Song..; ..all such Compositions are very properly called symphonetick Musick, or Musick in Parts.

1872 A. J. Ellis President's Addr. to Philol. Soc. 15 Is it [sc. the word ‘scrumptious’] interjectional, imitational, or symphonetic?

symphrase n.

Brit.

/ˈsɪmfreɪz/

U.S.

/ˈsɪmˌfreɪz/

Grammar a word consisting of a phrase or number of words run into one.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > morphology > word-formation > [noun] > compounding > a compound > specific

augmentative1616

repetitive1810

bahuvrihi1846

dvandva compound1846

karmadharaya1846

tatpurusha1846

copulative compound1888

symphrase1893

synonym-compound1923

1893 Smithsonian Rep. 41 He was able to ascertain and formulate the principles..governing the number, kind, and position of notional stems in symphrases, or word-sentences.

symphrattic adj.

Brit.

/sɪmˈfratɪk/

U.S.

/sɪmˈfrædɪk/

Geology

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > formation of features > metamorphism > [adjective]

metamorphic1833

thermo-metamorphic1889

post-metamorphic1900

potassic1902

sodic1902

katamorphic1904

symphrattic1904

retrogressive1930

retrograde1932

Scourian1950

1904 A. W. Grabau in Amer. Geol. Apr. 236 (note) Rocks of this type may be called symphrattic rocks.

symphrattism n.

Brit.

/sɪmˈfratɪz(ə)m/

U.S.

/sɪmˈfrædɪzəm/

metamorphism caused by pressure.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > structure of the earth > formation of features > metamorphism > [noun]

metamorphism1845

regional metamorphism1861

contact metamorphism1876

plutonometamorphism1889

thermo-metamorphism1889

anamorphism1904

katamorphism1904

symphrattism1904

1904 A. W. Grabau in Amer. Geol. Apr. 236 Whether the metamorphism be due..to mountain making processes (regional or dynamo-metamorphism, or symphrattism).

symphronistic adj.

Brit.

/ˌsɪmfrəˈnɪstɪk/

U.S.

/ˌsɪmfrəˈnɪstɪk/

Apparently an isolated use.

1827 T. Carlyle tr. J. W. von Goethe Wilhelm Meister's Trav. in German Romance IV. 145 Another series of..occurrences, not so much of a synchronistic, as of a symphronistic kind.

symphylan adj. and n.

Brit.

/ˈsɪmfᵻlan/

U.S.

/ˈsɪmfələn/

[modern Latin Symphyla, name of a class of arthropods (J. A. Ryder 1880, in Amer. Naturalist XIV. 376), < Greek ϕυλή tribe: so called from their combining characteristics of several other classes] (of or pertaining to) an arthropod of the class Symphyla, the members of which resemble centipedes, having soft bodies and many legs.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Symphyla > [noun] > member of

symphylan1898

symphylid1936

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Symphyla > [adjective] > of or relating to member of class Symphyla

symphylan1898

symphylid1936

1898 A. S. Packard Text-bk. Entomol. 21 He..believed that the Symphyla are the forerunners of the myriapods, and not of the insects, his genealogical tree representing the symphylan and thysanuran phyla as originating from the same point.

1964 U. Lanham Insects i. 19 Two of these classes [of many-legged arthropods]— the pauropods and the symphylans—are small, obscure creatures... The other two—centipedes and millipedes—are larger, more conspicuous.

1979 W. D. Russell-Hunter Life Invertebr. xvi. 301 In some structural features, symphylans resemble the centipedes and in others the apterygote insects.

symphylid adj. and n.

Brit.

/ˈsɪmfᵻlɪd/

U.S.

/ˈsɪmfələd/

Entomology = symphylan adj. and n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Symphyla > [noun] > member of

symphylan1898

symphylid1936

the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Symphyla > [adjective] > of or relating to member of class Symphyla

symphylan1898

symphylid1936

1936 Trans. Soc. Brit. Entomol. 3 14 The contention that the opisthogoneate condition in insects has been derived from Symphylid stock.

1936 Trans. Soc. Brit. Entomol. 3 16 The heart, haemocoel, fat-body and anal glands have all been inherited from the Symphylids.

1973 Nature 16 Nov. 128/1 It is of interest that certain of the symphilids carry styli on the base of the second and third pairs of legs.

1974 Encycl. Brit. Macropædia XII. 771/1 Symphilid species are small, fragile, and lacking pigmentation.

symphyllous adj.

Brit.

/sɪmˈfɪləs/

U.S.

/sɪmˈfɪləs/

Botany

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > leaf > plant defined by leaves > [adjective] > having leaves of particular shape or size

broad-leaved1552

long-leaved1562

narrow-leaved1578

round-leaved1597

small-leaved1597

long-leafed1629

rosemary-leaved1633

rue-leaved1633

teretifolious1657

cut-leaved1731

longleaf1733

channel-leaved1758

halberd-shaped1770

alder-leaved1772

oak-leaved1776

holly-leaved1777

ivy-leaved1789

halberd-headed1795

daisy-leaved1796

narrow-leaf1804

oblique-leaved1807

sword-leaved1807

wing-leaved1822

flaggy1842

curly1845

macrophyllous1857

parvifolious1857

shield-leaved1860

curled1861

symphyllous1877

beak-leaved188.

stenophyllous1880

thread-leaved1884

megaphyllous1901

little leaf1908

ivy-leaf1909

1877 A. W. Bennett tr. O. W. Thomé Text-bk. Struct. & Physiol. Bot. iv. 134 The perianth..may be gamophyllous or symphyllous..on the one hand; or [etc.].

sympneuma n.

Brit.

/sɪmpˈnjuːmə/

U.S.

/sɪmpˈn(j)umə/

(pl. sympneumata) [Greek πνεῦμα spirit] a supposed companion spirit, or spiritual bride or bridegroom.

ΘΠ

the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > [noun] > spiritual bride or bridegroom

sympneuma1885

1885 L. Oliphant Sympneumata v. 81 United with a ‘Sympneuma’ free from the gross external covering of outer body.

sympneumatic adj.

Brit.

/ˌsɪmpnjuːˈmatɪk/

/ˌsɪmpnjᵿˈmatɪk/

U.S.

/ˌsɪmpˌn(j)uˈmædɪk/

of or pertaining to a ‘sympneuma’.

ΘΠ

the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > [adjective] > of or relating to spiritual bride

sympneumatic1885

1885 L. Oliphant Sympneumata xii. 179 The electric sympneumatic life.

1885 L. Oliphant Sympneumata xiii. 201 The conscious notes echoed from the unconscious sympneumatic depths.

sympneumatism n.

Brit.

/sɪmpˈnjuːmətɪz(ə)m/

U.S.

/sɪmpˈn(j)uməˌtɪzəm/

the theory of ‘sympneumata’; also, agreement in ‘spirit’, disposition, or mental attitude.

ΘΠ

the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > [noun] > spiritual bride or bridegroom > theory of having

sympneumatism1891

the mind > emotion > aspects of emotion > capacity for emotion > fellow feeling > [noun]

pityc1300

consentc1384

fellow-feeling1578

sympathy1662

homopathy1678

identification1840

sympneumatism1891

panpathy1900

feeling1909

1891 Pall Mall Gaz. 9 July 2/2 The sympneumatism between the Times and the ‘Tories' Last Hope’.

1892 Daily News 16 July 5/2 The young lord who is bitten by ‘Sympneumatism’, or the theories of Mr. Laurence Oliphant.

Categories »

sympolar adj.

Brit.

/sɪmˈpəʊlə/

U.S.

/sɪmˈpoʊlər/

Geometry reciprocally polar: said of a pair of polyhedra so related that every face of each corresponds to a summit of the other.

sympolity n.

Brit.

/sɪmˈpɒlᵻti/

U.S.

/sɪmˈpɑlədi/

[Greek συμπολίτης fellow-citizen, after polity n.¹] mutual relation of, or a body of, fellow-citizens.

ΘΠ

society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > [noun] > opposed to foreigner or visitor > status of > mutual

interpolity1849

sympolity1873

1873 B. Gregory Holy Catholic Church xv. 146 There does arise a new sympolity, a fellow-citizenship of the saints.

symport n.

Brit.

/ˈsɪmpɔːt/

U.S.

/ˈsɪmˌpɔrt/

[after transport n.] Biochemistry flow of two substances through a membrane in the same direction in which the rate is increased by a cooperative effect.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > movement > [noun] > diffusion through porous membrane > increased by two cooperating fluids

symport1963

1963 P. Mitchell in Biochem. Soc. Symp. XXII. 148 Over a certain range of concentration, the asymmetry of distribution of the molecules of one substrate across the membrane gives rise to an increased flow of the second substrate in the same direction. We will call this type of coupled movement symport.

1978 Nature 2 Mar. 97/1 There are discussions of algal ion transport and of Na⁺/organic solute cotransport (symport).

† sympresbyter n. (also erroneoussynpresbyter) [ < Greek συμπρεσβύτερος (1 Peter v. 1)] Obsolete a fellow-presbyter, fellow-elder.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > church government > ecclesiastical discipline > court > presbyterian > [noun] > kirk-session > member of > fellow

compresbytera1600

sympresbyter1671

co-presbyterc1828

1671 R. Baxter Difference between Power of Magistrates & Church-pastors ii. 35 The Major Vote of his Syn-Presbyters are against it.

a1677 I. Barrow Wks. (1686) III. 280 The same titles, which the Apostles assumed to themselves, they ascribe to their Sympresbyters.

sympsychograph n.

Brit.

/ˌsɪm(p)ˈsʌɪkə(ʊ)ɡrɑːf/

/ˌsɪm(p)ˈsʌɪkə(ʊ)ɡraf/

U.S.

/ˌsɪm(p)ˈsaɪkəˌɡræf/

[psychograph n.] an imaginary composite portrait produced by superposition of images of the same object as conceived by different minds.Apparently an isolated use.

1896 D. S. Jordan in Appletons' Pop. Sci. Monthly Sept. 601 We are enabled to present a copy of the resultant sympsychograph.

sympsychographer n.

Brit.

/ˌsɪm(p)sʌɪˈkɒɡrəfə/

U.S.

/ˌsɪm(p)ˌsaɪˈkɑɡrəfər/

1896 D. S. Jordan in Appletons' Pop. Sci. Monthly Sept. 602 One suggestion was that this was the blind spot on the retina in each of the sympsychographers.

sympsychography n.

Brit.

/ˌsɪm(p)sʌɪˈkɒɡrəfi/

U.S.

/ˌsɪm(p)ˌsaɪˈkɑɡrəfi/

1896 D. S. Jordan in Appletons' Pop. Sci. Monthly Sept. 601 From seven ideals, sympathetically combined, the true cat would be developed. This combination is the essence of sympsychography.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1919; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	sym-
释义	sym-prefix Stress is usually determined by a subsequent element and vowels may be reduced accordingly. representing Greek συμ-, assimilated form of συν- syn- prefix, before labials (β, μ, π, ϕ, ψ), hence in words of Greek derivation in Latin and modern languages before b, m, p. [ < Greek σύμμορϕος (μορϕή form) + -ic suffix] , having the same or a like form; conformed; so [after peripatetic n. and adj.] , a fellow-walker, a companion in a walk. [Greek ϕώνησις phonesis n.; compare Greek συμϕώνησις agreement] (see quot. and ding-dong adj. 1). [irregularly < Greek συμϕράττειν to press together + -ic suffix] , produced by pressure, as regionally metamorphosed rocks; so [ < Greek συμϕρονεῖν to be of one mind; after synchronistic] , involving coincidence or identity of thought; embodying the same ideas. [Greek ϕύλλον leaf: see -ous suffix] , having the perianth-leaves united; gamophyllous. symmorphic adj. Brit. /sᵻˈmɔːfɪk/ , U.S. /səˈmɔrfɪk/ Apparently an isolated use. Π 1851 G. S. Faber Many Mansions 103 Our spiritualised human bodies..thus conformed or (as the Greek has it [Philipp. iii. 21])..made symmorphic to his spiritualised Body. symmorphism n. Brit. /sᵻˈmɔːfɪz(ə)m/ , U.S. /səˈmɔrˌfɪzəm/ likeness of form, condition of being conformed. Π 1851 G. S. Faber Many Mansions 103 They would neither have this declared symmorphism, nor..be fitted for a perpetual abode..with the Lord their glorious pattern. sympalmograph n. Brit. /sɪmˈpalmə(ʊ)ɡrɑːf/ , /sɪmˈpalmə(ʊ)ɡraf/ , U.S. /sɪmˈpælməˌɡræf/ [Greek παλμός vibration: see -graph comb. form] an apparatus for exhibiting the combination of vibrations, consisting of a double pendulum the two parts of which can be caused to vibrate in different directions and at varying rates, with a style attached so as to trace the resulting curves on a prepared surface. Π 1895 C. E. Benham in Engineering 26 July 127 (title) The Sympalmograph. sympatetic n. Brit. /ˌsɪmpəˈtɛtɪk/ , U.S. /ˌsɪmpəˈtɛdɪk/ Apparently an isolated use. Π 1832 W. Maginn in Blackwood's Mag. 32 413 Without..interrupting..the dialogue of the two venerable sympatetics. sympelmous adj. Brit. /sɪmˈpɛlməs/ , U.S. /sɪmˈpɛlməs/ (also erroneoussynpelmous) [Greek πέλμα sole of the foot: see -ous suffix] Ornithology having the tendons of the deep flexors of the toes united before separating to each of the four digits. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > birds > parts of or bird defined by > [adjective] > of toes or claws > having particular type of zygodactylous1828 yoke-toed1831 zygodactyl1831 anisodactylic1834 zygodactylic1835 lark-heeled1837 short-toed1837 heterodactylous1854 pair-toed1868 sympelmous1885 pamprodactylous1889 pigeon-toed1890 pamprodactyl1934 synpelmous- 1885 J. S. Kingsley Standard Nat. Hist. (1888) IV. 369 An arrangement to be called synpelmous, since the two tendons are completely blended... The synpelmous distribution of the deep plantar tendons obtains especially in the swifts, humming birds..and their allies. 1890 H. Seebohm in Ibis Jan. 31 In synpelmous birds the plantars do not cross each other at the back of the tarsus.., but coalesce at the point where they usually cross. 1898 New Sydenham Soc. Lexicon Sympelmous. symperitoneal adj. Brit. /sɪmˌpɛrᵻtəˈniːəl/ , U.S. /ˌsɪmˌpɛrətnˈiəl/ (see quot. 1903). Π 1903 W. A. N. Dorland Illustr. Med. Dict. (ed. 3) 687/1 Symperitoneal..uniting two or more parts of the peritoneum artificially. sympetalous adj. Brit. /sɪmˈpɛtələs/ , /sɪmˈpɛtl̩əs/ , U.S. /sɪmˈpɛdl̩əs/ (also erroneoussynpetalous) Botany having the petals united; gamopetalous. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > reproductive part(s) > flower or part containing reproductive organs > [adjective] > having or relating to parts > of or having petals foliaceous1658 monopetalous1687 pentapetalous1687 polypetalous1687 hose-in-hose1688 monopetalose1693 pentapetalose1693 tetrapetalose1694 tetrapetalous1697 tripetalose1698 tripetalous1704 hexapetalous1707 petalous1719 petaloid1720 planipetalous1730 petaline1783 petaliform1788 petalled1793 polypetal1803 hexapetaloid1813 hexapetaloideous1830 tripetaloid1830 tripetaloideous1830 unipetalous1831 petaliferous1847 macropetalous1857 sympetalous1870 apopetalous1875 anisopetalous1880 petally1888 thread-petalled1899 thousand-petalled1951 decapetalous- synpetalous- 1870 A. W. Bennett in Jrnl. Bot. June 192 I would propose..terms similar to those applied to the pistil, where we use ‘apocarpous’, and ‘syncarpous’... The terms ‘aposepalous’, ‘synsepalous’, ‘apopetalous’, and ‘synpetalous’, would at once convey their meanings. 1877 A. W. Bennett tr. O. W. Thomé Text-bk. Struct. & Physiol. Bot. 129 The corolla is gamopetalous or sympetalous (less correctly ‘monopetalous’), when the petals are more or less coherent. symphalangism n. Brit. /ˌsɪmfəˈlandʒɪz(ə)m/ , U.S. /sɪmˈfælənˌdʒɪzəm/ [Latin phalang- : see phalanx n.] Anatomy a condition in which the middle phalanx of a finger or toe is properly developed in length but its proximal (or distal) joint is imperfect or absent. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > deformity > deformities of specific parts > [noun] > of fingers brachydactylism1886 hyperphalangism1891 hyperphalangy1898 hyperphalangia1899 hypophalangia1905 brachydactyly1906 hypophalangism1911 symphalangism1916 hypophalangy1929 1916 H. Cushing in Genetics 1 91 This paper will present a much more complete family record of an inherited trait... The malformation will be designated symphalangism. 1943 Jrnl. Heredity 31 344/1 Similar reports of abnormalities of hands and feet including symphalangism, syndactylism, and polydactyly..seem to agree that many anatomical anomalies may be inherited as single dominant traits. 1965 Arch. Internal Med. 115 580/1 Symphalangism (congenital fusion of the phalanges) is occasionally associated with brachydactyly. symphile n. Brit. /ˈsɪmfʌɪl/ , U.S. /ˈsɪmˌfaɪl/ Entomology an insect that lives with ants or other social insects as a guest in a relationship of symphilism. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > [noun] > member of > defined as social insect or association of > friendly symbiosis > guest symphile1910 1910 W. M. Wheeler Ants xxi. 381 The symphiles represent the élite,..and number hardly more than 300 to 400 species, whereas the synœketes are much more numerous. 1960 H. Oldroyd tr. Jeannel Introd. Entomol. viii. 212 The greater number of symphiles are beetles, cherished by the ants, and carried with them wherever the nest is moved, but nevertheless terrible enemies of the colony because of the great damage they do to it. 1971 E. O. Wilson Insect Societies xx. 403/1 Many of the better~integrated symphiles dispense attractive substances to their hosts from epidermal glands. symphilic adj. Brit. /sɪmˈfɪlɪk/ , U.S. /sɪmˈfɪlɪk/ pertaining to or being a symphile; also figurative. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > [adjective] > relating to guest symphilic1919 1919 W. Osler Old Humanities ii. 12 This attention is what our symphilic community—to use a biological term—bestows on you. 1927 H. St. J. K. Donisthorpe Guests of Brit. Ants p. xvi They mostly possess characteristic or ‘symphilic’ colours and texture—a yellow-red, with an oily looking surface. 1971 E. O. Wilson Insect Societies xx. 403/2 A large percentage of the symphilic beetles..possess peculiar tufts of red or golden hairs. symphilism n. Brit. /ˈsɪmfᵻlɪz(ə)m/ , /ˈsɪmfl̩ɪz(ə)m/ , U.S. /ˈsɪmfəˌlɪzəm/ [ < German symphilie (M. E. Wasmann 1896, in 3me Congr. Internat. Zool. 412), < Greek συμϕιλεῖν to love mutually + -ism suffix] Biology term for a kind of friendly symbiosis or commensalism existing between ants or termites and certain other insects which they feed and tend as guests, and which in some cases yield a sweet substance as food for them. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > [noun] > member of > defined as social insect or association of > friendly symbiosis symphily1899 symphilism1903 1903 Nature 12 Feb. 351/1 The phenomenon of ‘symphilism’, that is to say, the harbouring of insects, &c., of various foreign species in the nests of ants and termites. It is stated that the number of symphilous arthropods exceeds a hundred. Thesaurus » Categories » symphilous adj. Brit. /ˈsɪmfᵻləs/ , /ˈsɪmfl̩əs/ , U.S. /ˈsɪmfələs/ characterized by symphily. symphily n. Brit. /ˈsɪmfᵻli/ , /ˈsɪmfl̩i/ , U.S. /ˈsɪmfəli/ [ < Greek συμϕιλία] see symphilism n. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Insecta > [noun] > member of > defined as social insect or association of > friendly symbiosis symphily1899 symphilism1903 1899 D. Sharp in Cambr. Nat. Hist. VI. 183 The relations between ants and their guests..Wasmann..arranges..in four categories: 1, ‘Symphily’ for the true guests, which are fed and tended by the ants, the guests often affording some substance the ants delight in. symphonesis n. Brit. /ˌsɪmfəˈniːsɪs/ , U.S. /ˌsɪmfəˈnisᵻs/ Philology ΘΚΠ the mind > language > [noun] > origin of language > theories of pooh-pooh theory1861 bow-wow theory1864 symphonesis1872 nativism1892 ta-ta theory1930 sing-song theory1939 1872 A. J. Ellis President's Addr. to Philol. Soc. 13 The Dingdong! theory..; let us call it symphonesis. symphonetic adj. Brit. /ˌsɪmfəˈnɛtɪk/ , U.S. /ˌsɪmfəˈnɛdɪk/ [Greek ϕωνητικός phonetic adj. and n.] (a) Music consisting of parts in harmony; polyphonic; (b) Philology exhibiting symphonesis. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > music > musical sound > harmony or sounds in combination > [adjective] > characterized by symphonetic1721 chorded1850 the mind > language > [adjective] > terms relating to origin of language gestural1613 symphonetic1872 nativistic1922 1721 A. Malcolm Treat. Musick xi. §2. 332 A compound Song is where Two or more Voices go together,..so that the Melody each of them makes, is a distinct and different simple Song..; ..all such Compositions are very properly called symphonetick Musick, or Musick in Parts. 1872 A. J. Ellis President's Addr. to Philol. Soc. 15 Is it [sc. the word ‘scrumptious’] interjectional, imitational, or symphonetic? symphrase n. Brit. /ˈsɪmfreɪz/ , U.S. /ˈsɪmˌfreɪz/ Grammar a word consisting of a phrase or number of words run into one. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > morphology > word-formation > [noun] > compounding > a compound > specific augmentative1616 repetitive1810 bahuvrihi1846 dvandva compound1846 karmadharaya1846 tatpurusha1846 copulative compound1888 symphrase1893 synonym-compound1923 1893 Smithsonian Rep. 41 He was able to ascertain and formulate the principles..governing the number, kind, and position of notional stems in symphrases, or word-sentences. symphrattic adj. Brit. /sɪmˈfratɪk/ , U.S. /sɪmˈfrædɪk/ Geology ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > formation of features > metamorphism > [adjective] metamorphic1833 thermo-metamorphic1889 post-metamorphic1900 potassic1902 sodic1902 katamorphic1904 symphrattic1904 retrogressive1930 retrograde1932 Scourian1950 1904 A. W. Grabau in Amer. Geol. Apr. 236 (note) Rocks of this type may be called symphrattic rocks. symphrattism n. Brit. /sɪmˈfratɪz(ə)m/ , U.S. /sɪmˈfrædɪzəm/ metamorphism caused by pressure. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > structure of the earth > formation of features > metamorphism > [noun] metamorphism1845 regional metamorphism1861 contact metamorphism1876 plutonometamorphism1889 thermo-metamorphism1889 anamorphism1904 katamorphism1904 symphrattism1904 1904 A. W. Grabau in Amer. Geol. Apr. 236 Whether the metamorphism be due..to mountain making processes (regional or dynamo-metamorphism, or symphrattism). symphronistic adj. Brit. /ˌsɪmfrəˈnɪstɪk/ , U.S. /ˌsɪmfrəˈnɪstɪk/ Apparently an isolated use. Π 1827 T. Carlyle tr. J. W. von Goethe Wilhelm Meister's Trav. in German Romance IV. 145 Another series of..occurrences, not so much of a synchronistic, as of a symphronistic kind. symphylan adj. and n. Brit. /ˈsɪmfᵻlan/ , U.S. /ˈsɪmfələn/ [modern Latin Symphyla, name of a class of arthropods (J. A. Ryder 1880, in Amer. Naturalist XIV. 376), < Greek ϕυλή tribe: so called from their combining characteristics of several other classes] (of or pertaining to) an arthropod of the class Symphyla, the members of which resemble centipedes, having soft bodies and many legs. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Symphyla > [noun] > member of symphylan1898 symphylid1936 the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Symphyla > [adjective] > of or relating to member of class Symphyla symphylan1898 symphylid1936 1898 A. S. Packard Text-bk. Entomol. 21 He..believed that the Symphyla are the forerunners of the myriapods, and not of the insects, his genealogical tree representing the symphylan and thysanuran phyla as originating from the same point. 1964 U. Lanham Insects i. 19 Two of these classes [of many-legged arthropods]— the pauropods and the symphylans—are small, obscure creatures... The other two—centipedes and millipedes—are larger, more conspicuous. 1979 W. D. Russell-Hunter Life Invertebr. xvi. 301 In some structural features, symphylans resemble the centipedes and in others the apterygote insects. symphylid adj. and n. Brit. /ˈsɪmfᵻlɪd/ , U.S. /ˈsɪmfələd/ Entomology = symphylan adj. and n. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Symphyla > [noun] > member of symphylan1898 symphylid1936 the world > animals > invertebrates > phylum Arthropoda > class Symphyla > [adjective] > of or relating to member of class Symphyla symphylan1898 symphylid1936 1936 Trans. Soc. Brit. Entomol. 3 14 The contention that the opisthogoneate condition in insects has been derived from Symphylid stock. 1936 Trans. Soc. Brit. Entomol. 3 16 The heart, haemocoel, fat-body and anal glands have all been inherited from the Symphylids. 1973 Nature 16 Nov. 128/1 It is of interest that certain of the symphilids carry styli on the base of the second and third pairs of legs. 1974 Encycl. Brit. Macropædia XII. 771/1 Symphilid species are small, fragile, and lacking pigmentation. symphyllous adj. Brit. /sɪmˈfɪləs/ , U.S. /sɪmˈfɪləs/ Botany ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > leaf > plant defined by leaves > [adjective] > having leaves of particular shape or size broad-leaved1552 long-leaved1562 narrow-leaved1578 round-leaved1597 small-leaved1597 long-leafed1629 rosemary-leaved1633 rue-leaved1633 teretifolious1657 cut-leaved1731 longleaf1733 channel-leaved1758 halberd-shaped1770 alder-leaved1772 oak-leaved1776 holly-leaved1777 ivy-leaved1789 halberd-headed1795 daisy-leaved1796 narrow-leaf1804 oblique-leaved1807 sword-leaved1807 wing-leaved1822 flaggy1842 curly1845 macrophyllous1857 parvifolious1857 shield-leaved1860 curled1861 symphyllous1877 beak-leaved188. stenophyllous1880 thread-leaved1884 megaphyllous1901 little leaf1908 ivy-leaf1909 1877 A. W. Bennett tr. O. W. Thomé Text-bk. Struct. & Physiol. Bot. iv. 134 The perianth..may be gamophyllous or symphyllous..on the one hand; or [etc.]. sympneuma n. Brit. /sɪmpˈnjuːmə/ , U.S. /sɪmpˈn(j)umə/ (pl. sympneumata) [Greek πνεῦμα spirit] a supposed companion spirit, or spiritual bride or bridegroom. ΘΠ the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > [noun] > spiritual bride or bridegroom sympneuma1885 1885 L. Oliphant Sympneumata v. 81 United with a ‘Sympneuma’ free from the gross external covering of outer body. sympneumatic adj. Brit. /ˌsɪmpnjuːˈmatɪk/ , /ˌsɪmpnjᵿˈmatɪk/ , U.S. /ˌsɪmpˌn(j)uˈmædɪk/ of or pertaining to a ‘sympneuma’. ΘΠ the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > [adjective] > of or relating to spiritual bride sympneumatic1885 1885 L. Oliphant Sympneumata xii. 179 The electric sympneumatic life. 1885 L. Oliphant Sympneumata xiii. 201 The conscious notes echoed from the unconscious sympneumatic depths. sympneumatism n. Brit. /sɪmpˈnjuːmətɪz(ə)m/ , U.S. /sɪmpˈn(j)uməˌtɪzəm/ the theory of ‘sympneumata’; also, agreement in ‘spirit’, disposition, or mental attitude. ΘΠ the world > the supernatural > supernatural being > [noun] > spiritual bride or bridegroom > theory of having sympneumatism1891 the mind > emotion > aspects of emotion > capacity for emotion > fellow feeling > [noun] pityc1300 consentc1384 fellow-feeling1578 sympathy1662 homopathy1678 identification1840 sympneumatism1891 panpathy1900 feeling1909 1891 Pall Mall Gaz. 9 July 2/2 The sympneumatism between the Times and the ‘Tories' Last Hope’. 1892 Daily News 16 July 5/2 The young lord who is bitten by ‘Sympneumatism’, or the theories of Mr. Laurence Oliphant. Categories » sympolar adj. Brit. /sɪmˈpəʊlə/ , U.S. /sɪmˈpoʊlər/ Geometry reciprocally polar: said of a pair of polyhedra so related that every face of each corresponds to a summit of the other. sympolity n. Brit. /sɪmˈpɒlᵻti/ , U.S. /sɪmˈpɑlədi/ [Greek συμπολίτης fellow-citizen, after polity n.¹] mutual relation of, or a body of, fellow-citizens. ΘΠ society > inhabiting and dwelling > inhabitant > [noun] > opposed to foreigner or visitor > status of > mutual interpolity1849 sympolity1873 1873 B. Gregory Holy Catholic Church xv. 146 There does arise a new sympolity, a fellow-citizenship of the saints. symport n. Brit. /ˈsɪmpɔːt/ , U.S. /ˈsɪmˌpɔrt/ [after transport n.] Biochemistry flow of two substances through a membrane in the same direction in which the rate is increased by a cooperative effect. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > movement > [noun] > diffusion through porous membrane > increased by two cooperating fluids symport1963 1963 P. Mitchell in Biochem. Soc. Symp. XXII. 148 Over a certain range of concentration, the asymmetry of distribution of the molecules of one substrate across the membrane gives rise to an increased flow of the second substrate in the same direction. We will call this type of coupled movement symport. 1978 Nature 2 Mar. 97/1 There are discussions of algal ion transport and of Na⁺/organic solute cotransport (symport). † sympresbyter n. (also erroneoussynpresbyter) [ < Greek συμπρεσβύτερος (1 Peter v. 1)] Obsolete a fellow-presbyter, fellow-elder. ΘΚΠ society > faith > church government > ecclesiastical discipline > court > presbyterian > [noun] > kirk-session > member of > fellow compresbytera1600 sympresbyter1671 co-presbyterc1828 1671 R. Baxter Difference between Power of Magistrates & Church-pastors ii. 35 The Major Vote of his Syn-Presbyters are against it. a1677 I. Barrow Wks. (1686) III. 280 The same titles, which the Apostles assumed to themselves, they ascribe to their Sympresbyters. sympsychograph n. Brit. /ˌsɪm(p)ˈsʌɪkə(ʊ)ɡrɑːf/ , /ˌsɪm(p)ˈsʌɪkə(ʊ)ɡraf/ , U.S. /ˌsɪm(p)ˈsaɪkəˌɡræf/ [psychograph n.] an imaginary composite portrait produced by superposition of images of the same object as conceived by different minds.Apparently an isolated use. Π 1896 D. S. Jordan in Appletons' Pop. Sci. Monthly Sept. 601 We are enabled to present a copy of the resultant sympsychograph. sympsychographer n. Brit. /ˌsɪm(p)sʌɪˈkɒɡrəfə/ , U.S. /ˌsɪm(p)ˌsaɪˈkɑɡrəfər/ Π 1896 D. S. Jordan in Appletons' Pop. Sci. Monthly Sept. 602 One suggestion was that this was the blind spot on the retina in each of the sympsychographers. sympsychography n. Brit. /ˌsɪm(p)sʌɪˈkɒɡrəfi/ , U.S. /ˌsɪm(p)ˌsaɪˈkɑɡrəfi/ Π 1896 D. S. Jordan in Appletons' Pop. Sci. Monthly Sept. 601 From seven ideals, sympathetically combined, the true cat would be developed. This combination is the essence of sympsychography. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1919; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < prefix1671
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