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单词 synthetical
释义

syntheticaladj.

/sɪnˈθɛtɪkəl/
Etymology: < modern Latin syntheticus: see -ical suffix.
(Opposed to analytical adj.)
1. Logic, Philosophy, etc. = synthetic adj. 1.
ΚΠ
1620 T. Granger Syntagma Logicum iv. ii. 295 Method, is either contextiue, or retextiue. The contextiue is also called Synthesis, or Syntheticall Method.
1672 O. Walker Of Educ. i. x. 119 Neither is his Philosophy more notional then all Sciences, which are delivered in a Synthetical, i.e. a doctrinal method, and begin with universal propositions.
1697 tr. F. Burgersdijck Monitio Logica ii. 138 It often happens in a Part of a Discipline whose Whole is in Method Synthetical, that the Analytick Order may be kept.
1733 G. Berkeley Theory of Vision §38. 32 In the Synthetical Method of delivering Science or Truth already found.
1827 R. Whately Elements Logic (ed. 2) Introd. 16 The synthetical form of teaching is..sufficiently interesting to one who has made considerable progress in any study; and..is the form in which our knowledge naturally arranges itself in the mind..: but the analytical is the more interesting, easy, and natural kind of introduction; as being the form in which the first invention or discovery..must originally have taken place.
1837 W. Whewell Hist. Inductive Sci. II. vi. vi. 100 One consequence of the synthetical form adopted by Newton in the Principia was, that his successors had the problem of the solar system to begin entirely anew.
1864 F. C. Bowen Treat. Logic x. 321 In descending along its course, the synthetical proof gathers all these accessions into one common trunk.
2. Chemistry. = synthetic adj. 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > chemical processes or reactions > [adjective] > relating to or involving artificial synthesis
synthetical?1734
synthetic1753
polyester1979
?1734 P. Shaw Chem. Lect. ix. sig. M5 This Synthetical Chemistry, taken in the strict Sense, for the Recomposition of Bodies from their own Principles.
1796 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 86 414 I made the following synthetical observations and experiments.
1877 T. H. Huxley Physiogr. (1878) 111 The discovery of the composition of water was indeed made originally by synthetical, and not by analytical, processes.
1893 W. A. Hammond in N. Amer. Rev. CLVI. 21 Those medicines which are synthetical, that is, formed in the laboratory by the union of other substances.
3. In the philosophy of Kant: = synthetic adj. 4.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > idealism > [adjective] > of or relating to Kantianism and its adherents
dialectical1788
Kantian1796
synthetical1796
synthetic1819
multiplex1838
multiple1839
tri-logicala1856
pre-Kantian1866
dialectic1872
subreptive1877
criticist1878
category1901
1796 F. A. Nitsch Gen. View Kant's Princ. conc. Man 76 This act may be called a synthetical act of the reproductive imagination.
1796 F. A. Nitsch Gen. View Kant's Princ. conc. Man 89 A synthetical judgment à priori.
1838 F. Haywood tr. I. Kant Critick Pure Reason Introd. v. 15 That the straight line between two points is the shortest, is a synthetical proposition. For my conception of straight contains nothing of quantity, but only a quality.
1839 Penny Cycl. XIII. 175/2 Experience, which is itself a synthetical combination of its intuitions.
1884 tr. H. Lotze Logic 61 Judgments of the form ‘S is P’ are called synthetical, when P is understood to be a mark not already contained in that group of marks which enables us to conceive S distinctly; they are called analytical when P..belongs essentially to those marks the union of which is necessary to make the concept of S complete.
4.
a. = synthetic adj. 5a.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > condition or state of being combined > [adjective]
systatic1640
combinatory1647
systatical1654
synthetica1703
synthetical1799
integrational1937
1799 A. Young Gen. View Agric. County Lincoln 244 This [sc. a bog produced by overflow from an artificial channel] Sir Joseph [Banks] calls a synthetical bog; and says, he flatters himself, he shall become master of Mr. Elkinton's mode of drainage soon, as he had succeeded in a synthetical, as well as in an analytical experiment.
1826 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. IV. xlviii. 461 Though he studied insects analytically with unrivalled success, he was not always equally happy in his synthetical arrangement of them.
1881 R. Routledge Pop. Hist. Sci. ix. 219 Newton, having thus analysed light, proceeded to arrange experiments for the opposite or synthetical process of recombining the coloured rays.
b. = synthetic adj. 5b.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > condition or state of being combined > [adjective] > concerned with or using synthesis
synthetical1812
synthetic1864
1812 W. Hazlitt On Tooke Lit. Rem. 1836 I. 360 The difference between the synthetical and analytical faculties.
1829 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Plants 429 The most unreasonable advocate of the exploded doctrines of synthetical botany.
1842 C. Kingsley Life & Lett. (1878) I. 71 Synthetical minds are subject to this self-torture.
5. Grammar. (See quot. 1656 and cf. synthesis n. 2.)
ΘΚΠ
the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > syntax or word order > [adjective] > relating to sense overriding syntax
synthetical1656
1656 T. Blount Glossographia Synthetical, pertaining to the figure Synthesis, which is when a noun collective singular is joyn'd with a verb plural.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1919; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.1620
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