单词 | synthetical |
释义 | syntheticaladj. (Opposed to analytical adj.) 1. Logic, Philosophy, etc. = synthetic adj. 1. ΚΠ 1620 T. Granger Syntagma Logicum iv. ii. 295 Method, is either contextiue, or retextiue. The contextiue is also called Synthesis, or Syntheticall Method. 1672 O. Walker Of Educ. i. x. 119 Neither is his Philosophy more notional then all Sciences, which are delivered in a Synthetical, i.e. a doctrinal method, and begin with universal propositions. 1697 tr. F. Burgersdijck Monitio Logica ii. 138 It often happens in a Part of a Discipline whose Whole is in Method Synthetical, that the Analytick Order may be kept. 1733 G. Berkeley Theory of Vision §38. 32 In the Synthetical Method of delivering Science or Truth already found. 1827 R. Whately Elements Logic (ed. 2) Introd. 16 The synthetical form of teaching is..sufficiently interesting to one who has made considerable progress in any study; and..is the form in which our knowledge naturally arranges itself in the mind..: but the analytical is the more interesting, easy, and natural kind of introduction; as being the form in which the first invention or discovery..must originally have taken place. 1837 W. Whewell Hist. Inductive Sci. II. vi. vi. 100 One consequence of the synthetical form adopted by Newton in the Principia was, that his successors had the problem of the solar system to begin entirely anew. 1864 F. C. Bowen Treat. Logic x. 321 In descending along its course, the synthetical proof gathers all these accessions into one common trunk. 2. Chemistry. = synthetic adj. 2. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > organic chemistry > chemical processes or reactions > [adjective] > relating to or involving artificial synthesis synthetical?1734 synthetic1753 polyester1979 ?1734 P. Shaw Chem. Lect. ix. sig. M5 This Synthetical Chemistry, taken in the strict Sense, for the Recomposition of Bodies from their own Principles. 1796 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 86 414 I made the following synthetical observations and experiments. 1877 T. H. Huxley Physiogr. (1878) 111 The discovery of the composition of water was indeed made originally by synthetical, and not by analytical, processes. 1893 W. A. Hammond in N. Amer. Rev. CLVI. 21 Those medicines which are synthetical, that is, formed in the laboratory by the union of other substances. 3. In the philosophy of Kant: = synthetic adj. 4. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > philosophy > idealism > [adjective] > of or relating to Kantianism and its adherents dialectical1788 Kantian1796 synthetical1796 synthetic1819 multiplex1838 multiple1839 tri-logicala1856 pre-Kantian1866 dialectic1872 subreptive1877 criticist1878 category1901 1796 F. A. Nitsch Gen. View Kant's Princ. conc. Man 76 This act may be called a synthetical act of the reproductive imagination. 1796 F. A. Nitsch Gen. View Kant's Princ. conc. Man 89 A synthetical judgment à priori. 1838 F. Haywood tr. I. Kant Critick Pure Reason Introd. v. 15 That the straight line between two points is the shortest, is a synthetical proposition. For my conception of straight contains nothing of quantity, but only a quality. 1839 Penny Cycl. XIII. 175/2 Experience, which is itself a synthetical combination of its intuitions. 1884 tr. H. Lotze Logic 61 Judgments of the form ‘S is P’ are called synthetical, when P is understood to be a mark not already contained in that group of marks which enables us to conceive S distinctly; they are called analytical when P..belongs essentially to those marks the union of which is necessary to make the concept of S complete. 4. a. = synthetic adj. 5a. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > condition or state of being combined > [adjective] systatic1640 combinatory1647 systatical1654 synthetica1703 synthetical1799 integrational1937 1799 A. Young Gen. View Agric. County Lincoln 244 This [sc. a bog produced by overflow from an artificial channel] Sir Joseph [Banks] calls a synthetical bog; and says, he flatters himself, he shall become master of Mr. Elkinton's mode of drainage soon, as he had succeeded in a synthetical, as well as in an analytical experiment. 1826 W. Kirby & W. Spence Introd. Entomol. IV. xlviii. 461 Though he studied insects analytically with unrivalled success, he was not always equally happy in his synthetical arrangement of them. 1881 R. Routledge Pop. Hist. Sci. ix. 219 Newton, having thus analysed light, proceeded to arrange experiments for the opposite or synthetical process of recombining the coloured rays. b. = synthetic adj. 5b. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > mutual relation of parts to whole > condition or state of being combined > [adjective] > concerned with or using synthesis synthetical1812 synthetic1864 1812 W. Hazlitt On Tooke Lit. Rem. 1836 I. 360 The difference between the synthetical and analytical faculties. 1829 J. C. Loudon Encycl. Plants 429 The most unreasonable advocate of the exploded doctrines of synthetical botany. 1842 C. Kingsley Life & Lett. (1878) I. 71 Synthetical minds are subject to this self-torture. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > syntax or word order > [adjective] > relating to sense overriding syntax synthetical1656 1656 T. Blount Glossographia Synthetical, pertaining to the figure Synthesis, which is when a noun collective singular is joyn'd with a verb plural. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1919; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < |
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