syntagman.

Brit.

/sɪnˈtaɡmə/, U.S.

/sɪnˈtæɡmə/

Inflections: Plural syntagmata, syntagmas.

Forms: 1500s–1600s sintagma, 1600s– syntagma.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from Greek. Etymons: Latin syntagma; Greek σύνταγμα.

Etymology: < (i) post-classical Latin syntagma literary work, treatise (late 4th cent. in Jerome; attested as a Greek word in the classical Latin author Cicero), document, letter or charter (from 8th cent. in British sources; from 10th cent. in continental sources), orderly gathering (10th cent. in a British source), and its etymon (ii) ancient Greek σύνταγμα body of troops drawn up in order, in Hellenistic Greek also body of people forming a division of the population of a country, word in a grammatical construction, syntactical element < συν- syn- prefix + τάγμα (see tagma n.), after συντάσσειν to put in order together (see syntax n.). Compare syntagm n.In sense 3 after German Syntagma (in this sense, W. Pfeffer Osmotische Untersuchungen: Studien zur Zellmechanik (1877) 32). In sense 4 after French syntagme (in this sense, F. de Saussure a1913, published in Cours de linguistique générale (1916) ii. v. 176; end of the 13th cent. in Old French as sintasme in sense ‘treatise’, 1644 in sense ‘order, arrangement’). In plural form syntagmata after the Greek plural form.

1. A methodically arranged collection of statements, propositions, doctrines, etc.; a systematic treatise. Frequently with of. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > literature > prose > non-fiction > treatise or dissertation > [noun] > systematic treatise

syntagma1587

method1589

system1613

syntagm1621

1587 J. Bridges Def. Govt. Church of Eng. v. 408 Thus sayth this excellent learned man Hemingius..in his Sintagma.

1644 J. Milton Areopagitica 30 All must be supprest which is not found in their Syntagma.

1746 Laws, Ordin. & Inst. Admirality Great Brit. I. i. 33 As to the Poles, we find by Januszowskius Syntagma of the Statutes of that Republic,..that [etc.].

1819 A. Rees Cycl. XXXIV. at Struvius His works consist of bibliothecas, biographies, syntagmas of history and antiquities, academical disputations, &c.

1825 S. T. Coleridge Aids Refl. 198 The Gospel is not a system of Theology, nor a Syntagma of theoretical propositions and conclusions.

1907 W. A. Merrill in Lucretius De Rerum Natura Libri Sex Introd. 39 Gassendi..thought it necessary to add to his syntagma of the philosophy an exposition of the points wherein it was opposed to Christianity.

2. Ancient Greek History.

a. A body of troops forming a division of a phalanx. A syntagma typically consisted of 256 soldiers in a 16 x 16 block.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > formation > [noun] > compact formation > division of

syntagma1856

1616 J. Bingham in tr. Ælian Tactiks vii. 49 The length of the Phalange is the first Syntagma (the first ranke) of file-leaders, which is ordered in a right line.

1761 Ess. Art War 117 These eight Files doubled made sixteen, which Corps was called Syntagma.

1856 G. Grote Hist. Greece XII. ii. xcii. 81 Among these divisions..is the Syntagma, which contained sixteen Lochi.

1874 Chambers's Encycl. VII. 460/1 By rapid movements the phalanx could change front, form in close column of syntagmata, and execute other critical manoeuvres.

1891 T. A. Dodge Hannibal I. ii. 27 The smaller phalanx had sixteen syntagmas, or a total of four thousand and ninety-six hoplites or heavy infantrymen.

1928 Boys' Life Apr. 26/3 The first syntagma swept forward at the double, spears levelled.

2011 G. L. Rashba Holy Wars v. 69 The smallest building block for the formation [sc. the phalanx] was the 256-man syntagma.

†b. A body of people forming a division of the population of a country. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social class > [noun] > distinction of class > level or grade > those belonging to

number1542

tribe1609

species1644

specifical1651

syntagma1813

status group1902

status grouping1920

1813 J. C. Prichard Res. Physical Hist. Man vii. §2. 333 Diodorus Siculus tells us, that ‘besides the priests and military cast, the state [in Egypt] is divided into three syntagmata,..The Herdsmen... The Agriculturists... The Artisans’.

†3. Botany. W. Pfeffer's name for: an aggregate of ‘tagmata’ (tagma n. 1). Obsolete. rare.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > part of plant > cell or aggregate tissue > [noun] > tissue

substance1650

tissue1837

syntagma1882

tagma1885

1882 S. H. Vines tr. J. von Sachs Text-bk. Bot. (ed. 2) 664 Pfeffer..applies the general term tagma to all aggregates of molecules, and the term syntagma to bodies which are built up of tagmata.

4. Linguistics. A set of linguistic forms in a sequential relationship; esp. a string of syntactically related words; = syntagm n. 2a. Also (Semiotics): = syntagm n. 2b. See note at syntagm n. 2a.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > syntax or word order > syntactic unit or constituent > [noun] > unit with two or more elements

syntagma1937

syntagm1942

1937 J. Orr tr. I. Iordan Introd. Romance Linguistics iv. 286 A syntagma [Rom. sintagmă] is composed of at least two units in sequence.

1946 Word 2 118 The syntagma is defined as the sign of the relations into which the referents of words, enter.

1974 M. Taylor tr. C. Metz Film Lang. p. x A syntagma is, consequently, a unit of actual relationship, while a paradigm is a unit of potential relationship.

1979 Trans. Philol. Soc. 82 The Latin noun declensions provide more than sufficient illustration of syncretism within word paradigms..with the burden of disambiguating relevant properties then being shifted to the syntagma.

1992 Lit. & Ling. Computing 7 73/1 The problem of how to detect automatically..both the syntagmas (i.e. the multi-word lexical units) and all words semantically correlated into clauses within a sentence.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	syntagma
释义	syntagman. Brit. /sɪnˈtaɡmə/, U.S. /sɪnˈtæɡmə/ Inflections: Plural syntagmata, syntagmas. Forms: 1500s–1600s sintagma, 1600s– syntagma. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Latin. Partly a borrowing from Greek. Etymons: Latin syntagma; Greek σύνταγμα. Etymology: < (i) post-classical Latin syntagma literary work, treatise (late 4th cent. in Jerome; attested as a Greek word in the classical Latin author Cicero), document, letter or charter (from 8th cent. in British sources; from 10th cent. in continental sources), orderly gathering (10th cent. in a British source), and its etymon (ii) ancient Greek σύνταγμα body of troops drawn up in order, in Hellenistic Greek also body of people forming a division of the population of a country, word in a grammatical construction, syntactical element < συν- syn- prefix + τάγμα (see tagma n.), after συντάσσειν to put in order together (see syntax n.). Compare syntagm n.In sense 3 after German Syntagma (in this sense, W. Pfeffer Osmotische Untersuchungen: Studien zur Zellmechanik (1877) 32). In sense 4 after French syntagme (in this sense, F. de Saussure a1913, published in Cours de linguistique générale (1916) ii. v. 176; end of the 13th cent. in Old French as sintasme in sense ‘treatise’, 1644 in sense ‘order, arrangement’). In plural form syntagmata after the Greek plural form. 1. A methodically arranged collection of statements, propositions, doctrines, etc.; a systematic treatise. Frequently with of. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > literature > prose > non-fiction > treatise or dissertation > [noun] > systematic treatise syntagma1587 method1589 system1613 syntagm1621 1587 J. Bridges Def. Govt. Church of Eng. v. 408 Thus sayth this excellent learned man Hemingius..in his Sintagma. 1644 J. Milton Areopagitica 30 All must be supprest which is not found in their Syntagma. 1746 Laws, Ordin. & Inst. Admirality Great Brit. I. i. 33 As to the Poles, we find by Januszowskius Syntagma of the Statutes of that Republic,..that [etc.]. 1819 A. Rees Cycl. XXXIV. at Struvius His works consist of bibliothecas, biographies, syntagmas of history and antiquities, academical disputations, &c. 1825 S. T. Coleridge Aids Refl. 198 The Gospel is not a system of Theology, nor a Syntagma of theoretical propositions and conclusions. 1907 W. A. Merrill in Lucretius De Rerum Natura Libri Sex Introd. 39 Gassendi..thought it necessary to add to his syntagma of the philosophy an exposition of the points wherein it was opposed to Christianity. 2. Ancient Greek History. a. A body of troops forming a division of a phalanx. A syntagma typically consisted of 256 soldiers in a 16 x 16 block. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > military operations > distribution of troops > formation > [noun] > compact formation > division of syntagma1856 1616 J. Bingham in tr. Ælian Tactiks vii. 49 The length of the Phalange is the first Syntagma (the first ranke) of file-leaders, which is ordered in a right line. 1761 Ess. Art War 117 These eight Files doubled made sixteen, which Corps was called Syntagma. 1856 G. Grote Hist. Greece XII. ii. xcii. 81 Among these divisions..is the Syntagma, which contained sixteen Lochi. 1874 Chambers's Encycl. VII. 460/1 By rapid movements the phalanx could change front, form in close column of syntagmata, and execute other critical manoeuvres. 1891 T. A. Dodge Hannibal I. ii. 27 The smaller phalanx had sixteen syntagmas, or a total of four thousand and ninety-six hoplites or heavy infantrymen. 1928 Boys' Life Apr. 26/3 The first syntagma swept forward at the double, spears levelled. 2011 G. L. Rashba Holy Wars v. 69 The smallest building block for the formation [sc. the phalanx] was the 256-man syntagma. †b. A body of people forming a division of the population of a country. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social class > [noun] > distinction of class > level or grade > those belonging to number1542 tribe1609 species1644 specifical1651 syntagma1813 status group1902 status grouping1920 1813 J. C. Prichard Res. Physical Hist. Man vii. §2. 333 Diodorus Siculus tells us, that ‘besides the priests and military cast, the state [in Egypt] is divided into three syntagmata,..The Herdsmen... The Agriculturists... The Artisans’. †3. Botany. W. Pfeffer's name for: an aggregate of ‘tagmata’ (tagma n. 1). Obsolete. rare.Apparently only attested in dictionaries or glossaries. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > part of plant > cell or aggregate tissue > [noun] > tissue substance1650 tissue1837 syntagma1882 tagma1885 1882 S. H. Vines tr. J. von Sachs Text-bk. Bot. (ed. 2) 664 Pfeffer..applies the general term tagma to all aggregates of molecules, and the term syntagma to bodies which are built up of tagmata. 4. Linguistics. A set of linguistic forms in a sequential relationship; esp. a string of syntactically related words; = syntagm n. 2a. Also (Semiotics): = syntagm n. 2b. See note at syntagm n. 2a. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > linguistics > study of grammar > syntax or word order > syntactic unit or constituent > [noun] > unit with two or more elements syntagma1937 syntagm1942 1937 J. Orr tr. I. Iordan Introd. Romance Linguistics iv. 286 A syntagma [Rom. sintagmă] is composed of at least two units in sequence. 1946 Word 2 118 The syntagma is defined as the sign of the relations into which the referents of words, enter. 1974 M. Taylor tr. C. Metz Film Lang. p. x A syntagma is, consequently, a unit of actual relationship, while a paradigm is a unit of potential relationship. 1979 Trans. Philol. Soc. 82 The Latin noun declensions provide more than sufficient illustration of syncretism within word paradigms..with the burden of disambiguating relevant properties then being shifted to the syntagma. 1992 Lit. & Ling. Computing 7 73/1 The problem of how to detect automatically..both the syntagmas (i.e. the multi-word lexical units) and all words semantically correlated into clauses within a sentence. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2014; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1587
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