sweatingn.
/ˈswɛtɪŋ/ The action of sweat v.
1. † b. = sweating-sickness n. Obsolete.
a. Emission of sweat from the pores of the skin; the process of inducing this, esp. in preparing a person for athletic contests or a horse for a race.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > excretion of sweat > [noun]
sweatingc1275
sweatc1400
resudation1578
perspiration1583
through-breathing1585
sudation1599
evaporation1626
diaphoresis1681
transpiration1707
sudorification1708
desudation1728
sudoresis1834
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 8864 Wreoð nu wel þene king þat he ligge a swæting.
c1400 tr. Secr. Secr., Gov. Lordsh. 73 Vse of bathynge and swetynge.
c1440 York Myst. xl. 40 Þat swettyng was swemyed for swetyng.
1563 T. Gale Certaine Wks. Chirurg. iv. ii. f. 23 The Patyente maye not goe abroade after hys swettynge.
1590 R. Harvey Plaine Percevall sig. D3 I would we had an Ostler to giue them a turne or two till their sweating were done.
1617 F. Moryson Itinerary iii. 60 If he..can find..by the swetting of the horse, that hee hath ridden an extraordinary pace.
1639 J. Mayne Citye Match v. iii You were better match a ruind Bawd; One ten times cured by sweating, and the Tub.
1732 J. Arbuthnot Pract. Rules of Diet i. 272 Sweating often thickens the Blood.
1842 R. Dunglison Med. Lexicon (ed. 3) Sweating of blood.
1856 ‘Stonehenge’ Man. Brit. Rural Sports ii. i. ix. § 3. 351/1 Sweating will seldom be necessary until the spring.
1886 P. H. Pye-Smith Fagge's Princ. & Pract. Med. II. 531 One of the most striking symptoms of acute rheumatism..is sweating.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > fever > [noun] > sweating sickness
swote1481
sweating-sicknessc1503
sweata1517
stoop-gallant1551
stoop knave and know thy master1551
English sweat1552
posting sweatc1553
sweatinga1585
sweating-fever1822
a1585 A. Montgomerie Flyting with Polwart 317 The powlings, the palsay, with pockes like pees, The swerfe and the sweiting.
2.
a. Toiling, labouring, severe exertion.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > effort or exertion > [noun] > labour or toil > action of
wrestling?c1225
travailingc1330
tewing1394
labouringc1400
sweatingc1430
toiling1549
moiling1565
carking1583
allaboration1727
fagging1777
bullocking1888
schlepping1937
c1430 Pilgr. Lyf Manhode (1869) iii. xix. 145 j gripe..that that oothere hauen laboured and conquered with here swetinge.
1551 R. Robinson tr. T. More Vtopia sig. Qviiv Hollye set vpon the dessire of the lyffe to come by watchynge and sweatynge hoping shortely to obtaine it.
1596 J. Dalrymple tr. J. Leslie Hist. Scotl. (1895) II. 146 Sik heit, in sueiting, trauel, and fechteng.
1633 P. Fletcher Purple Island i. xxxviii. 10 You search farre distant worlds with needlesse sweating.
1764 S. Foote Mayor of Garret ii. 45 After all his..sweatings, his swimmings; must his dear blood be spilt by a broker!
b. spec. (a) The practice of doing piece-work overtime; (b) the practice of exacting hard work from employees for low wages, esp. under a middleman by sub-contract. (See sweat v. 5c, 6b)
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > working > [noun] > other types of working
self-employment1834
sweating1843
homeworking1844
clock-watching1860
freelancing1879
guinea-pigging1887
outworking1918
sniping1951
sunlighting1961
temping1973
teleworking1981
hotelling1991
society > occupation and work > working > [noun] > overworking > causing to
overworking1593
slave-driving1830
sweating1843
1843 Mechanics' Mag. 39 443 All owing to their buying ready-made large shoes, and not having patience to let a good working tradesman make them (leaving out the Moses and Son principle of sweating).
1850 C. Kingsley Alton Locke I. x. 152 When this piece-work and sweating first came in.
1888 Times 20 Sept. 7/3 Mr. Booth calls sweating the advantage that may be taken of unskilled and unorganised labour under the contract system.
3.
a. The action or process of exuding moisture, or of condensing it in drops on the surface (also concrete); also, any one of various processes likened to emission of sweat, as of evaporation, fermentation, partial fusion, etc., or the action of exposing something to such process. Also with out. (See sweat v. 10b, 10c, 12, 13, 17.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > liquid > liquid which has been emitted > action or process of exuding > [noun]
oozinga1398
syingc1440
sweating1545
exudation1617
ooze1718
sudoresis1834
exuding1849
exudence1874
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > letting or sending out > [noun] > emission > emission by exuding
oozinga1398
sweating1545
evaporation1551
exudation1617
evaporating1630
exuding1849
1545 Bibliotheca Eliotæ Aspergines parietum, sweatynge of stone walles.
1575–6 Reg. Privy Council Scotl. II. 512 Gold and silver that salbe recoverit be sweting, melting, affynning or utherwayis.
1699 L. Meager New Art of Gardening 74 Well line the Bottom or Sides of the [Fruit-] Sieves with Fern..to keep them from brusing, and likewise to prevent their sweating.
1707 J. Mortimer Whole Art Husbandry x. 205 The Bees will hover about the Doors in cold Evenings, and Mornings, there will be a moisture or sweating upon the Stool.
1764 Museum Rusticum (1765) 3 li. 225 Yet after it [sc. barley] has done sweating, it comes well again.
1808 H. Holland Gen. View Agric. Cheshire xiii. 283 If the fermentation, or sweating, has been imperfect..the cheese will be liable to become hove.
1826 D. Booth Art of Brewing (ed. 2) 78 After it [sc. malt] is getting out of its first sweating, they take it from the kiln.
1834 Brit. Husbandry (Libr. Useful Knowl.) I. 497 A moderate degree of fermentation, or sweating of hay in the stack.
1834 Penny Cycl. II. 191/2 The best mode [of preserving apples] is to allow the fruits..to lie till their superfluous moisture has evaporated, which is what is technically called sweating.
1845 G. Dodd Brit. Manuf. 5th Ser. 133 [Tobacco] Sweating..is in its nature a slight degree of fermentation.
1876 J. S. Bristowe Treat. Theory & Pract. Med. ii. vi. 818 The sweating of this fluid through the walls of the smaller arteries.
1882 J. Paton in Encycl. Brit. XIV. 383/2 In America the sweating is performed cold; the hides are hung up wet in a damp underground cellar.
1969 G. M. Bennison & A. E. Wright Geol. Hist. Brit. Isles iii. 43 The last major effect of the metamorphism was the ‘sweating out’ of synorogenic pegmatites which cross-cut some of the Inverian structures.
1971 I. G. Gass et al. Understanding Earth iii. 66/2 The present oceans and atmosphere of the Earth are secondary features due to the subsequent dewatering or ‘sweating out’ of the Earth's interior.
b. (See quot. 1909.)
ΚΠ
1909 Hawkins' Mech. Dict. Sweating On, the soldering of metallic surfaces without the aid of a copper bit... Sweating on is often employed for the temporary holding together of work which has to be turned or shaped, and which could not be so conveniently held by other methods.
c. Cookery. The action or process of sweat v. 13b.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > cooking > [noun] > sweating
sweating1942
1942 C. Spry Come into Garden, Cook xi. 137 Cook the sliced vegetables first in a little fat... This preliminary sweating of the vegetables draws out the flavour.
4. The practice of lightening gold coins by friction.
ΘΚΠ
society > trade and finance > money > mutilating coin > [noun]
clippingc1440
washinga1513
rounding1562
money clipping1570
tonsure1621
sweating1785
1785 F. Grose Classical Dict. Vulgar Tongue Sweating, a mode of diminishing the gold coin, practised chiefly by the Jews, who corrode it with aqua regia.
1878 F. A. Walker Money x. 195 Whether the loss of the precious metal in the coin results from an external abrasion..or through the clipping or sweating of the coin.
5.
a. The practices of the ruffians called ‘sweaters’ in the 18th century.
ΘΚΠ
society > authority > lack of subjection > unruliness > disorder or riot > [noun] > action or behaviour of gangs of hooligans
sweating1785
mohawking1825
Mohockism1855
hoodlumism1872
hoodluming1892
hooliganism1898
Teddy-boyism1959
bovver1969
wilding1989
1785 F. Grose Classical Dict. Vulgar Tongue Sweating,..a diversion practised by the bloods of the last century who stiled themselves Mohocks.
b. Extortion of a confession (from a prisoner, etc.) by close interrogation †or torture. Cf. sweat v. 4c.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > enquiry > interrogation > [noun] > intensive questioning
opposing1440
vexationa1525
Spanish Inquisition1625
pump1740
sweating1824
grilling1839
inquisition1856
third degree1900
stress interview1942
third-degreeing1944
society > authority > punishment > torture > instrument or place of torture > [noun] > specific to extort confession
sweating1824
1824 J. Doddridge Notes Virginia & Pennsylv. ii. xii. 122 The torture of sweating..that is of suspension by the arms pinioned behind the backs, brought a confession.
1904 Cincinnati (Ohio) Enquirer 21 Oct. 4 He confessed, under sweating, that he broke into several offices.
1949 Amer. Speech 24 262 The device of sweating consisted of suspending the offender from the limb of a tree by his arms, and laying lashes on him.
Compounds
C1. General attributive.
a.
sweating process n.
ΚΠ
1849 R. T. Claridge Cold-water Cure 7 The wet sheet..has gradually superseded the sweating process.
1852 C. Morfit Art of Tanning, Currying, & Leather-dressing (1853) 171 All methods of fermentation [for the depilation of hides] are termed sweating processes.
b. Used to induce sweating or profuse perspiration.
sweating-bath n.
ΚΠ
1617 F. Moryson Itinerary i. 117 Leander thinkes this place to haue been a sweating bath.
1799 W. Tooke View Russ. Empire II. iii. iii. 262 The russian baths are..sweating-baths.
sweating-bench n.
ΚΠ
1799 W. Tooke View Russ. Empire II. iii. iii. 261 After remaining awhile they come down from the sweating-bench, and wash their body with warm or cold water.
sweating-closet n.
ΚΠ
1648 R. Herrick Hesperides sig. M6v To build A Sweating-Closset, to annoint the silke-soft-skin, or bath in Asses milke.
sweating-coop n.
ΚΠ
1751 J. Bartram Observ. Trav. from Pensilvania 33 I have seen many of these places in my travels. They differ from their sweating coops, in that they are often far from water, and have a stake by the cage.
sweating-draught n.
sweating oil n.
ΚΠ
1831 W. Youatt Horse xxii. 387 An infusion of two ounces of flies..when sufficiently lowered with common oil,..is called a sweating oil.
sweating-tub n. tub n.1 1b.
ΚΠ
1660 J. Milton Readie Way Free Commonw. (ed. 2) 82 These tigers of Bacchus, these new fanatics of not the preaching but the sweating-tub, inspir'd with nothing holier then the Venereal pox.
c. Characterized by sweating in ague or other febrile disease.
sweating stage n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > [noun] > stage of disease > stage characterized by sweating
sweating stage1803
1803 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 10 86 The sweating stage..does not appear with any regularity at the second or third return of the paroxysm.
d. (In sense 2b.)
sweating den n.
ΚΠ
1894 Fr. Dolling in C. E. Osborne Life Fr. Dolling (1903) xiii The sweating dens of financiers.
sweating shop n.
ΚΠ
1880 G. R. Sims Social Kaleidoscope 2nd Ser. xii. 83 The women and children from..the ‘sweating’ shops in the neighbourhood.
sweating system n.
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > business affairs > management methods or systems > [noun] > other methods or systems
Sisyphism1846
concentration1848
sweating system1851
mutualization1904
functionalization1912
spread-over1919
taipanism1921
Taylorism1928
Taylorization1929
unitization1929
stretch-out1933
speed-up1935
Stakhanovism1936
corporatization1949
suboptimization1950
quality management1953
matrix management1959
customization1967
divisionalization1967
knowledge management1971
just-in-time1977
kanban system1977
intrapreneurialism1982
kaizen1985
hot-desking1991
hotelling1991
society > occupation and work > working > [noun] > overworking > causing to > system of
sweating system1851
1851 H. Mayhew London Labour II. 328/2 The sweating system increases the number of hands to an almost incredible extent.
1879 G. R. Sims Social Kaleidoscope 1st Ser. ix. 58 The bulk of the work..is done on the ‘sweating’ system.
1883 Nonconformist & Independent 28 Dec. 1176/3 The sweating system of the outfitting trade.
e. (In sense 3b.)
sweating socket n.
ΚΠ
1908 Installation News 2 70/1 The grips are provided with a sweating socket to receive the earth conductor.
C2. † sweating-cloth n. Obsolete = sweat-cloth n. at sweat n. Compounds 2.
sweating-bag n. a bag used by thieves for sweating gold coins.
sweating-band n. = sweat-band n. at sweat n. Compounds 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > cleaning or cleanliness of the person > [noun] > sweat-cloth
sudarya1350
napkin1526
sweating-cloth1585
sweat-cloth1872
1585 J. Higgins tr. Junius Nomenclator 172/2 Sudarium..a sweating-cloth: a towell.
sweating club n. a club of the ruffians called ‘sweaters’ in the 18th century.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > ruffianly conduct > ruffian > [noun] > collectively > club of
sweating club1825
the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > violent behaviour > [noun] > violent treatment or force > frequenting streets > collectively
sweating club1825
1825 R. Chambers Trad. Edinb. II. 260 The Sweating Club flourished [in Edinburgh] about the middle of the last century.
sweating-fever n. = sweating-sickness n.
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > fever > [noun] > sweating sickness
swote1481
sweating-sicknessc1503
sweata1517
stoop-gallant1551
stoop knave and know thy master1551
English sweat1552
posting sweatc1553
sweatinga1585
sweating-fever1822
1822 J. M. Good Study Med. II. 90 Ephemera Sudatoria. Sweating Fever.
sweating-furnace n. (see quot. 1875).
ΚΠ
1875 E. H. Knight Pract. Dict. Mech. Sweating-furnace (Metallurgy), a liquation furnace of peculiar construction, in which a matte of copper and argentiferous lead is heated to deprive the copper of the metals combined therewith.
sweating-iron n. = sweat-scraper n. at sweat n. Compounds 1a.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > keeping or management of horses > [noun] > grooming of horses > grooming instruments
horse-comba1100
wisp1362
combc1440
mane-comb1564
curry-comb1573
scraper1581
rubber1598
teaseler1607
French brush1655
sweating-iron1753
dandy-brush1845
groomera1884
sweat-scraper1908
1753 Chambers's Cycl. Suppl. Sweating-iron, in the manege, is a piece of a scythe about a foot long... When a horse is very hot, and the grooms have a mind to lessen the sweat,..they take this knife or iron..and gently run the cutting edge along the horse's skin..with intent to scrape off the sweat.
sweating pen n. Australian a pen in which sheep are kept (formerly, to sweat so as to soften the wool) before shearing; = holding pen n. at holding n. Compounds 2.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > farming > animal husbandry > sheep-farming > sheep-shearing > [noun] > pens used before or after shearing
catching pen1826
sweating-house1832
counting-out pen1874
sweating pen1882
1882 A. S. Armstrong & G. O. Campbell Austral. Sheep Husbandry xv. 176 On each side of the board are built the sheep pens, which are filled from a race on each side..which is in its turn filled from the sweating pen.
c1929 H. B. Smith Sheep & Wool Industry Austral. & N.Z. (ed. 3) x. 73 After drafting, the sheep to be shorn are run up a ramp into the sweating pens of the shed.
1965 J. S. Gunn Terminol. Shearing Industry ii. 29 Sweating pen, sometimes used in the same sense as ‘holding pen’, although there is no longer any suggestion of deliberately ‘sweating’ the sheep.
Categories »
sweating-pit n. in Tanning, a pit in which hides are sweated.
sweating-place n. (a) a building or chamber in which sweating-baths are taken; (b) an establishment in which work-people are sweated (see sense 2b).
ΘΚΠ
the world > health and disease > healing > places for the sick or injured > [noun] > sweating-house
sweating-place1591
sweating-house1664
sweat-house1750
sweat-lodge1887
society > occupation and work > workplace > types of workplace generally > [noun] > with long hours and low wages
sweating-place1850
strapping-shop1851
black house1861
1591 R. Percyvall Bibliotheca Hispanica Dict. at Sudadero A sweating place.
1850 C. Kingsley Cheap Clothes & Nasty 11 In some sweating places, there is an old coat kept called a ‘reliever,’ and this is borrowed by such men as have none of their own to go out in.
sweating plant n. Eupatorium perfoliatum (Dunglison Med. Lexicon 1848).
sweating-room n. (a) a room in which persons are sweated, as in a Turkish bath; (b) a room in which cheeses are ‘sweated’ or deprived of superfluous moisture.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preparation of dairy produce > [noun] > formation of cheese > cheese-press > building for
sweating-room1744
wring-house1808
the world > physical sensation > cleanness and dirtiness > cleaning > washing > washing oneself or body > [noun] > bathing > place for bathing > bath-house > hot bathroom or sweating-room
stovec1485
sudatory1615
laconicum1696
laconic1742
sweating-room1744
caldarium1753
sudatorium1757
steam1801
sudarium1852
sauna1881
sweat-lodge1887
sweat-box1974
1744 Philos. Trans. 1740–41 (Royal Soc.) 41 855 A Roman Hypocaustum or Sweating-Room.
1808 H. Holland Gen. View Agric. Cheshire xiii. 284 Every dairy should be furnished with a regular sweating-room.
1855 R. G. Mayne Expos. Lexicon Med. Sci. (1860) Laconicum,..old term for a sweating-room or stove; a vapour-bath.
Categories »
sweating-stock n. in Tanning = sweat-stock n. at sweat n. Compounds 2. See also sweating-house n., sweating-sickness n.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1918; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
sweatingadj.
That sweats, in various senses.
1. Exuding sweat, perspiring.
ΘΚΠ
the world > life > the body > organs of excretion > excretion of sweat > [adjective] > sweating
swotyc893
sweating1393
reeking1608
1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. ix. 241 With swynke and with swot, and swetynge face.
1593 W. Shakespeare Venus & Adonis sig. Bv With this she ceazeth on his sweating palme. View more context for this quotation
1639 J. Woodall Treat. Plague in Surgeons Mate (rev. ed.) 349 Gently provoke him to be in a sweating manner.
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Pastorals ii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 9 The sweating Steers unharnass'd from the Yoke.
1791 W. Cowper tr. Homer Iliad in Iliad & Odyssey I. viii. 629 Each his sweating steeds released.
1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VIII. 728 Warm sweating hands are best treated with weak alkaline baths.
2. Exuding or condensing moisture, etc.: see sweat v. 10.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > liquid > liquid which has been emitted > action or process of exuding > [adjective] > exuding
siping1398
oozya1425
weeping1551
sweating1578
sweaty1600
weepy1825
exuding1849
oozing1878
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > letting or sending out > [adjective] > emitting > emitting by exudation
oozya1425
weeping1551
sweating1578
sudorific1828
oozing1878
1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball 411 It..sticketh fast..upon moyst or sweating rockes.
1593 G. Harvey Pierces Supererogation 15 A sweating Impe of the euer-greene Laurell.
1718 Lady M. W. Montagu Let. May (1965) I. 405 Mr. Hill gravely asserts that he saw in Sancta Sophia a sweating Pillar.
1976 K. Bonfiglioli in Winter's Crimes 8 44 The sweating heel of some nameless cheese.
1981 J. B. Hilton Surrender Value vi. 47 A sweating expresso machine.
3. Toiling; toilsome, laborious.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > effort or exertion > [adjective] > laborious or toilsome
soreOE
workfulOE
hardOE
torc1175
beswinkfulc1230
heavya1325
sweatyc1374
travailousa1382
laboriousa1393
laborousc1405
winful1443
painfulc1480
toilous1530
operousa1538
drudging1548
travailsome1549
laboursome1551
moilingc1566
toilsome?1570
toilful1573
sweating1592
insudate1609
sweatfula1618
moliminous1656
operose1659
swinking1693
schleppy1978
1592 A. Day 2nd Pt. Eng. Secretorie sig. I4, in Eng. Secretorie (rev. ed.) The long sweating paines wherein your good selfe..haue lately trauailled.
1633 P. Fletcher Purple Island i. xlix. 13 None felt hard labour, or the sweating plough.
1675 J. Bunyan Light in Darkness 178 Believing is now sweating-work; for Satan will hold as long as possible, and only stedfast Faith can make him fly.
4. spec.
Thesaurus »
a. Working overtime. (See sweat v. 5c.)
b. Exacting hard work for very low wages. (See sweat v. 6b.)
ΘΚΠ
society > occupation and work > working > [adjective] > working > working (too) hard > exacting hard work (for low wages)
slave-driving1830
sweating1850
1850 T. Carlyle Latter-day Pamphlets v. 11 Poor sweating tailors.
1886 Echo 1 Dec. (Cassell's) Recently a trade journal published a list of sweating firms in the clothing trade.
Derivatives
ˈsweatingly adv. in or as in a sweat.
ΘΚΠ
the world > matter > liquid > liquid which has been emitted > action or process of exuding > [adverb]
sweatingly1578
the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > going or coming out > [adverb] > exuding
sweatingly1578
1578 J. Banister Hist. Man v. f. 64v The intercourse of Veynes and Arteries..in those partes sweatyngly poure forth bloud.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1918; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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n.c1275adj.1393