† sweamn.

Forms: Middle English swem, Middle English swayme, sweme, sweem, sqweme, 1500s sweame, 1600s swaim, sweam.

Etymology: < sweam v. (Compare swime n.) Sense 2 may have been borrowed < Old Norse svimi, svimr giddiness, swooning, or the Old Norse word itself may have been actually taken over, ĭ becoming ē as in native words.

Obsolete.

1. Grief, affliction. to think sweam (impersonal with dative): to be grievous to. to be sweam: to be a pity. So for sweam!

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > [noun]

sorec888

teeneOE

sorrowOE

workOE

wrakeOE

careOE

gramec1000

harmOE

howc1000

trayOE

woweOE

angec1175

derfnessc1175

sytec1175

unwinc1175

wosithc1200

ail?c1225

barrat?c1225

derf?c1225

grief?c1225

misease?c1225

misliking?c1225

ofthinkingc1225

passion?c1225

troublec1230

pinec1275

distress1297

grievancea1300

penancea1300

cumbermentc1300

languorc1300

cumbering1303

were1303

angera1325

strifea1325

sweama1325

woea1325

painc1330

tribulationc1330

illa1340

threst1340

constraintc1374

troublenessc1380

afflictiona1382

bruisinga1382

miseasetya1382

pressurec1384

exercisec1386

miscomfortc1390

mislikea1400

smarta1400

thronga1400

balec1400

painfulnessc1400

troublancec1400

smartness?c1425

painliness1435

perplexity?a1439

penalty?1462

calamity1490

penality1496

cumber?a1513

sussy1513

tribule1513

afflict?1529

vexation of spirit1535

troublesomeness1561

hoe1567

grievedness1571

tribulance1575

languishment1576

thrall1578

tine1590

languorment1593

aggrievedness1594

obturbation1623

afflictedness1646

erumny1657

pathos1684

shock1705

dree1791

vex1815

wrungnessa1875

dukkha1886

thinkache1892

sufferation1976

the world > action or operation > adversity > [noun] > tribulation, trouble, or affliction

teeneOE

harmOE

sourc1000

trayOE

angec1175

wosithc1200

ail?c1225

barrat?c1225

misease?c1225

passion?c1225

troublec1230

sorenessc1275

grievancea1300

cumbermentc1300

cumbering1303

thro1303

angera1325

strifea1325

sweama1325

encumbrancec1330

tribulationc1330

threst1340

mischiefa1375

pressc1375

unhend1377

miseasetya1382

angernessc1390

molestc1390

troublancec1400

notea1425

miseasenessc1450

cumber?a1513

tribule1513

unseasonableness?1523

troublesomeness1561

tribulance1575

tine1590

trials and tribulations1591

pressure1648

difficulty1667

hell to pay1758

dree1791

trial and tribulation1792

Queer Street1811

Sturm und Drang1857

a thin time1924

shit1929

crap1932

shtook1936

the mind > emotion > suffering > cause of mental pain or suffering > cause mental pain or suffering to [verb (transitive)]

heavyc897

pineeOE

aileOE

sorryeOE

traya1000

sorrowOE

to work (also do) (a person) woeOE

angerc1175

smarta1200

to work, bake, brew balec1200

derve?c1225

grieve?c1225

sitc1225

sweam?c1225

gnawc1230

sughc1230

troublec1230

aggrievea1325

to think sweama1325

unframea1325

anguish1340

teen1340

sowa1352

distrainc1374

to-troublea1382

strain1382

unglad1390

afflicta1393

paina1393

distressa1400

hita1400

sorea1400

assayc1400

remordc1400

temptc1400

to sit (or set) one sorec1420

overthrow?a1425

visit1424

labour1437

passionc1470

arraya1500

constraina1500

misgrievea1500

attempt1525

exagitate1532

to wring to the worse1542

toil1549

lament1580

adolorate1598

rankle1659

try1702

to pass over ——1790

upset1805

to touch (also get, catch, etc.) (a person) on the raw1823

to put (a person) through it1855

bludgeon1888

to get to ——1904

to put through the hoop(s)1919

the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > lament or express grief [verb (intransitive)] > be lamentable

to be sweama1325

the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > [phrase] > be lamentable

for sweam!a1325

a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 1961 He missed Ioseph and ðhogte swem.

a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 391 Of paradis hem ðinkeð swem, Of iwel and dead hem stondeð greim.

c1430 J. Lydgate Minor Poems (Percy Soc.) 38 His hert began to melt, For veray sweme of this swemeful tale.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 482/2 Sweem, of mornynge, tristicia, molestia, meror.

c1450 Cov. Myst. xi. 127 That mannys sowle it xulde perysche it wore sweme.

c1460 J. Metham Wks. (1916) 43 Ful grete sqweme for yowre absens I schal haue.

c1460 J. Metham Wks. (1916) 62 Alas, for sqweme!

1493 Chastysing Goddes Chyldern (de Worde) sig. Hii^v/2 The olde enmye the deuyl hath fered me by swemes.

?a1500 Chester Pl. (E.E.T.S.) xi. 8 And nowe that fitt may I not flee, thinke me never so swem.

2. A sudden fit of sickness or fainting; a swoon.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > physical insensibility > unconsciousness > [noun] > fainting or swooning > a faint or swoon

swimeOE

swooningc1290

swowa1325

swooningc1330

swoon1390

soundc1400

trancec1405

sweamc1415

swoundc1440

sweltingc1460

swarf1488

dwalm?a1513

sounding ecstasy?1565

sounding1580

pasme1591

death1596

lipothymy1603

deliquium1620

delique1645

fainting fit1714

drow1727

faint-fit1795

faint1808

blacking out1930

blackout1934

greyout1942

pass-out1946

c1415 Crowned King 29 Swythe y swyed in a sweem, þat y swet after.

a1440 Sir Degrev. (Cambr.) 1211 Loke at þ^u come at þ^t tyme Oþer swowne shal I sweme Þe lady shall I se [Thornton MS. And ane of us salle ly in swyme].

c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 3895 He swat neuer for þat swynke, ne in swayme felle.

1587 J. Higgins Mirour for Magistrates (new ed.) Iago i A warning this may be, Against the slothfull sweames of sluggardye.

1587 J. Higgins Mirour for Magistrates (new ed.) Vitellius ii By blindnesse blunt, a sottishe sweame hee feeles: With ioyes bereft, when death is hard at heeles.

1627 F. Holyoake Riders Dict. in Dictionarium Etymologicum (new ed.) Sweame, or swaine, subita ægrotatio.

Derivatives

† ˈsweamful adj. (also swemful, sqwemful, swymful) Obsolete grievous, distressing.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > cause of mental pain or suffering > [adjective]

eileOE

soreOE

balefulc1200

carefulc1200

aching?c1225

pinefulc1225

sughendc1230

pininga1250

stinginga1250

toughc1275

deringa1325

unsetec1325

unwinc1330

throlya1375

encumbrousc1384

grievable1390

painful1395

plaintfula1400

sweamlya1400

swemandc1400

temptingc1400

importunea1425

sweamfulc1430

penible?a1439

discomfortingc1450

grievingc1450

remordingc1450

sorousc1503

badc1530

paining1532

raw1548

nippingc1550

smartful1556

pinching1563

grievesome1568

griping1568

afflictive1576

pressing1591

boisterous1599

heartstruck1608

carkingc1620

gravaminous1659

vellicating1669

weary1785

traumatizing1970

gut-wrenching1972

c1430 J. Lydgate Minor Poems (Percy Soc.) 38 His hert began to melt, For veray sweme of this swemeful tale.

c1460 J. Metham Wks. (1916) 43 At her sqwemfful departyng.

c1460 Play Sacram. 807 Now alle my pepulle wt me ye dresse ffor to goe see that swymfulle syght.

1469 M. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 337 It is gret pety to here the swemefull and petowse compleyntes of the pore tenauntes.

† ˈsweamfully adv. Obsolete

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > cause of mental pain or suffering > [adverb]

soreOE

sorrily?c1225

drearilya1400

sweamfullyc1420

painfullyc1440

sorelyc1450

badly1580

afflictively1629

afflictingly1657

plangently1900

c1420 J. Lydgate Assembly of Gods 1223 Then seyde Frewyll & swemfully spake.

† ˈsweamly adj. (also swemly) Obsolete distressful.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > cause of mental pain or suffering > [adjective]

eileOE

soreOE

balefulc1200

carefulc1200

aching?c1225

pinefulc1225

sughendc1230

pininga1250

stinginga1250

toughc1275

deringa1325

unsetec1325

unwinc1330

throlya1375

encumbrousc1384

grievable1390

painful1395

plaintfula1400

sweamlya1400

swemandc1400

temptingc1400

importunea1425

sweamfulc1430

penible?a1439

discomfortingc1450

grievingc1450

remordingc1450

sorousc1503

badc1530

paining1532

raw1548

nippingc1550

smartful1556

pinching1563

grievesome1568

griping1568

afflictive1576

pressing1591

boisterous1599

heartstruck1608

carkingc1620

gravaminous1659

vellicating1669

weary1785

traumatizing1970

gut-wrenching1972

a1400 Leg. Rood (1871) 135 [He] swelteþ heerin a swemly swouh.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1918; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

† sweamv.

Forms: Middle English sweamen, Middle English–1500s sweme.

Etymology: Old English *swǽman , found only in the compound áswǽman to be grieved or afflicted. Compare sweam n.

Obsolete.

1. transitive. To afflict, grieve.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > cause of mental pain or suffering > cause mental pain or suffering to [verb (transitive)]

heavyc897

pineeOE

aileOE

sorryeOE

traya1000

sorrowOE

to work (also do) (a person) woeOE

angerc1175

smarta1200

to work, bake, brew balec1200

derve?c1225

grieve?c1225

sitc1225

sweam?c1225

gnawc1230

sughc1230

troublec1230

aggrievea1325

to think sweama1325

unframea1325

anguish1340

teen1340

sowa1352

distrainc1374

to-troublea1382

strain1382

unglad1390

afflicta1393

paina1393

distressa1400

hita1400

sorea1400

assayc1400

remordc1400

temptc1400

to sit (or set) one sorec1420

overthrow?a1425

visit1424

labour1437

passionc1470

arraya1500

constraina1500

misgrievea1500

attempt1525

exagitate1532

to wring to the worse1542

toil1549

lament1580

adolorate1598

rankle1659

try1702

to pass over ——1790

upset1805

to touch (also get, catch, etc.) (a person) on the raw1823

to put (a person) through it1855

bludgeon1888

to get to ——1904

to put through the hoop(s)1919

?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 292 Nan uuel ne schal nachȝi þe. Nan þing ne schal sweme þe.

?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 231 Beo we sari þet we eauer schulde wraððe swich fader. & sweme [a1250 Nero sweamen] swich wardein.

c1230 Hali Meid. 17 Hwa þat sehe þenne hu þe engles beo isweamed þat seoð hare suster swa fohrfulliche afallet.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 8034 He scal alle þa swiken swenien [read swemen] mid eiȝe.

c1450 Mankind 868 in Macro Plays 33 Yt swemyth my hert, to thynk how onwysely I hawe wroght.

2. intransitive. To grieve, mourn. Also in vbl. n.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > lament or express grief [verb (intransitive)]

sorroweOE

meaneOE

careOE

mournOE

ofthink?c1225

to make sorrow?c1250

to make languorc1300

bemoanc1305

plainc1325

moanc1330

wailc1330

waymentc1350

complainc1374

to make syte?a1400

sweam14..

lamentc1515

bemournc1540

regratec1550

to sing sol-fa, sorrow, woe1573

condole1598

passion1598

deplore1632

ochone1829

rune1832

14.. Promptorium Parvulorum 482/2 Swemyn, molestor, mereo..Swemynge, or mornynge.

c1450 Cov. Myst. (Shaks. Soc.) 81 Your swemynge smytyht to myn herte depe.

3. passive and intransitive. To be overcome with faintness.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > physical insensibility > unconsciousness > lose consciousness [verb (intransitive)] > faint or swoon

swotherc1000

swowa1250

swoonc1290

sweltc1330

trance1340

to fall on, in swowa1375

swapc1386

sound1393

dwelea1400

swaya1400

faintc1440

owmawt1440

swalmc1440

sweamc1440

syncopize1490

dwalm?a1513

swarf1513

swound1530

cothe1567

sweb1599

to go away1655

to die away1707

go1768

sink1769

sile1790

to pass out1915

to black out1935

c1440 York Myst. xl. 40 Þane on his bakke bare he þame by, A crosse vnto Caluery, Þat swettyng was swemyed for swetyng.

1579 (c1501) G. Douglas Palice of Honour (Edinb.) iii. l. 2097 in Shorter Poems (1967) 129 I..langit sair for to haue swemit [?1553 London swounyt] agane.

Derivatives

ˈswemand adj. afflicting, grievous.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > emotion > suffering > cause of mental pain or suffering > [adjective]

eileOE

soreOE

balefulc1200

carefulc1200

aching?c1225

pinefulc1225

sughendc1230

pininga1250

stinginga1250

toughc1275

deringa1325

unsetec1325

unwinc1330

throlya1375

encumbrousc1384

grievable1390

painful1395

plaintfula1400

sweamlya1400

swemandc1400

temptingc1400

importunea1425

sweamfulc1430

penible?a1439

discomfortingc1450

grievingc1450

remordingc1450

sorousc1503

badc1530

paining1532

raw1548

nippingc1550

smartful1556

pinching1563

grievesome1568

griping1568

afflictive1576

pressing1591

boisterous1599

heartstruck1608

carkingc1620

gravaminous1659

vellicating1669

weary1785

traumatizing1970

gut-wrenching1972

c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 563 Þe swemande sorȝe soȝt to his hert.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1918; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

单词	sweam
释义	† sweamn. Forms: Middle English swem, Middle English swayme, sweme, sweem, sqweme, 1500s sweame, 1600s swaim, sweam. Etymology: < sweam v. (Compare swime n.) Sense 2 may have been borrowed < Old Norse svimi, svimr giddiness, swooning, or the Old Norse word itself may have been actually taken over, ĭ becoming ē as in native words. Obsolete. 1. Grief, affliction. to think sweam (impersonal with dative): to be grievous to. to be sweam: to be a pity. So for sweam! ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > [noun] sorec888 teeneOE sorrowOE workOE wrakeOE careOE gramec1000 harmOE howc1000 trayOE woweOE angec1175 derfnessc1175 sytec1175 unwinc1175 wosithc1200 ail?c1225 barrat?c1225 derf?c1225 grief?c1225 misease?c1225 misliking?c1225 ofthinkingc1225 passion?c1225 troublec1230 pinec1275 distress1297 grievancea1300 penancea1300 cumbermentc1300 languorc1300 cumbering1303 were1303 angera1325 strifea1325 sweama1325 woea1325 painc1330 tribulationc1330 illa1340 threst1340 constraintc1374 troublenessc1380 afflictiona1382 bruisinga1382 miseasetya1382 pressurec1384 exercisec1386 miscomfortc1390 mislikea1400 smarta1400 thronga1400 balec1400 painfulnessc1400 troublancec1400 smartness?c1425 painliness1435 perplexity?a1439 penalty?1462 calamity1490 penality1496 cumber?a1513 sussy1513 tribule1513 afflict?1529 vexation of spirit1535 troublesomeness1561 hoe1567 grievedness1571 tribulance1575 languishment1576 thrall1578 tine1590 languorment1593 aggrievedness1594 obturbation1623 afflictedness1646 erumny1657 pathos1684 shock1705 dree1791 vex1815 wrungnessa1875 dukkha1886 thinkache1892 sufferation1976 the world > action or operation > adversity > [noun] > tribulation, trouble, or affliction teeneOE harmOE sourc1000 trayOE angec1175 wosithc1200 ail?c1225 barrat?c1225 misease?c1225 passion?c1225 troublec1230 sorenessc1275 grievancea1300 cumbermentc1300 cumbering1303 thro1303 angera1325 strifea1325 sweama1325 encumbrancec1330 tribulationc1330 threst1340 mischiefa1375 pressc1375 unhend1377 miseasetya1382 angernessc1390 molestc1390 troublancec1400 notea1425 miseasenessc1450 cumber?a1513 tribule1513 unseasonableness?1523 troublesomeness1561 tribulance1575 tine1590 trials and tribulations1591 pressure1648 difficulty1667 hell to pay1758 dree1791 trial and tribulation1792 Queer Street1811 Sturm und Drang1857 a thin time1924 shit1929 crap1932 shtook1936 the mind > emotion > suffering > cause of mental pain or suffering > cause mental pain or suffering to [verb (transitive)] heavyc897 pineeOE aileOE sorryeOE traya1000 sorrowOE to work (also do) (a person) woeOE angerc1175 smarta1200 to work, bake, brew balec1200 derve?c1225 grieve?c1225 sitc1225 sweam?c1225 gnawc1230 sughc1230 troublec1230 aggrievea1325 to think sweama1325 unframea1325 anguish1340 teen1340 sowa1352 distrainc1374 to-troublea1382 strain1382 unglad1390 afflicta1393 paina1393 distressa1400 hita1400 sorea1400 assayc1400 remordc1400 temptc1400 to sit (or set) one sorec1420 overthrow?a1425 visit1424 labour1437 passionc1470 arraya1500 constraina1500 misgrievea1500 attempt1525 exagitate1532 to wring to the worse1542 toil1549 lament1580 adolorate1598 rankle1659 try1702 to pass over ——1790 upset1805 to touch (also get, catch, etc.) (a person) on the raw1823 to put (a person) through it1855 bludgeon1888 to get to ——1904 to put through the hoop(s)1919 the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > lament or express grief [verb (intransitive)] > be lamentable to be sweama1325 the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > [phrase] > be lamentable for sweam!a1325 a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 1961 He missed Ioseph and ðhogte swem. a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 391 Of paradis hem ðinkeð swem, Of iwel and dead hem stondeð greim. c1430 J. Lydgate Minor Poems (Percy Soc.) 38 His hert began to melt, For veray sweme of this swemeful tale. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 482/2 Sweem, of mornynge, tristicia, molestia, meror. c1450 Cov. Myst. xi. 127 That mannys sowle it xulde perysche it wore sweme. c1460 J. Metham Wks. (1916) 43 Ful grete sqweme for yowre absens I schal haue. c1460 J. Metham Wks. (1916) 62 Alas, for sqweme! 1493 Chastysing Goddes Chyldern (de Worde) sig. Hii^v/2 The olde enmye the deuyl hath fered me by swemes. ?a1500 Chester Pl. (E.E.T.S.) xi. 8 And nowe that fitt may I not flee, thinke me never so swem. 2. A sudden fit of sickness or fainting; a swoon. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > physical insensibility > unconsciousness > [noun] > fainting or swooning > a faint or swoon swimeOE swooningc1290 swowa1325 swooningc1330 swoon1390 soundc1400 trancec1405 sweamc1415 swoundc1440 sweltingc1460 swarf1488 dwalm?a1513 sounding ecstasy?1565 sounding1580 pasme1591 death1596 lipothymy1603 deliquium1620 delique1645 fainting fit1714 drow1727 faint-fit1795 faint1808 blacking out1930 blackout1934 greyout1942 pass-out1946 c1415 Crowned King 29 Swythe y swyed in a sweem, þat y swet after. a1440 Sir Degrev. (Cambr.) 1211 Loke at þ^u come at þ^t tyme Oþer swowne shal I sweme Þe lady shall I se [Thornton MS. And ane of us salle ly in swyme]. c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 3895 He swat neuer for þat swynke, ne in swayme felle. 1587 J. Higgins Mirour for Magistrates (new ed.) Iago i A warning this may be, Against the slothfull sweames of sluggardye. 1587 J. Higgins Mirour for Magistrates (new ed.) Vitellius ii By blindnesse blunt, a sottishe sweame hee feeles: With ioyes bereft, when death is hard at heeles. 1627 F. Holyoake Riders Dict. in Dictionarium Etymologicum (new ed.) Sweame, or swaine, subita ægrotatio. Derivatives † ˈsweamful adj. (also swemful, sqwemful, swymful) Obsolete grievous, distressing. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > cause of mental pain or suffering > [adjective] eileOE soreOE balefulc1200 carefulc1200 aching?c1225 pinefulc1225 sughendc1230 pininga1250 stinginga1250 toughc1275 deringa1325 unsetec1325 unwinc1330 throlya1375 encumbrousc1384 grievable1390 painful1395 plaintfula1400 sweamlya1400 swemandc1400 temptingc1400 importunea1425 sweamfulc1430 penible?a1439 discomfortingc1450 grievingc1450 remordingc1450 sorousc1503 badc1530 paining1532 raw1548 nippingc1550 smartful1556 pinching1563 grievesome1568 griping1568 afflictive1576 pressing1591 boisterous1599 heartstruck1608 carkingc1620 gravaminous1659 vellicating1669 weary1785 traumatizing1970 gut-wrenching1972 c1430 J. Lydgate Minor Poems (Percy Soc.) 38 His hert began to melt, For veray sweme of this swemeful tale. c1460 J. Metham Wks. (1916) 43 At her sqwemfful departyng. c1460 Play Sacram. 807 Now alle my pepulle wt me ye dresse ffor to goe see that swymfulle syght. 1469 M. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 337 It is gret pety to here the swemefull and petowse compleyntes of the pore tenauntes. † ˈsweamfully adv. Obsolete ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > cause of mental pain or suffering > [adverb] soreOE sorrily?c1225 drearilya1400 sweamfullyc1420 painfullyc1440 sorelyc1450 badly1580 afflictively1629 afflictingly1657 plangently1900 c1420 J. Lydgate Assembly of Gods 1223 Then seyde Frewyll & swemfully spake. † ˈsweamly adj. (also swemly) Obsolete distressful. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > cause of mental pain or suffering > [adjective] eileOE soreOE balefulc1200 carefulc1200 aching?c1225 pinefulc1225 sughendc1230 pininga1250 stinginga1250 toughc1275 deringa1325 unsetec1325 unwinc1330 throlya1375 encumbrousc1384 grievable1390 painful1395 plaintfula1400 sweamlya1400 swemandc1400 temptingc1400 importunea1425 sweamfulc1430 penible?a1439 discomfortingc1450 grievingc1450 remordingc1450 sorousc1503 badc1530 paining1532 raw1548 nippingc1550 smartful1556 pinching1563 grievesome1568 griping1568 afflictive1576 pressing1591 boisterous1599 heartstruck1608 carkingc1620 gravaminous1659 vellicating1669 weary1785 traumatizing1970 gut-wrenching1972 a1400 Leg. Rood (1871) 135 [He] swelteþ heerin a swemly swouh. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1918; most recently modified version published online December 2020). † sweamv. Forms: Middle English sweamen, Middle English–1500s sweme. Etymology: Old English swǽman , found only in the compound áswǽman* to be grieved or afflicted. Compare sweam n. Obsolete. 1. transitive. To afflict, grieve. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > cause of mental pain or suffering > cause mental pain or suffering to [verb (transitive)] heavyc897 pineeOE aileOE sorryeOE traya1000 sorrowOE to work (also do) (a person) woeOE angerc1175 smarta1200 to work, bake, brew balec1200 derve?c1225 grieve?c1225 sitc1225 sweam?c1225 gnawc1230 sughc1230 troublec1230 aggrievea1325 to think sweama1325 unframea1325 anguish1340 teen1340 sowa1352 distrainc1374 to-troublea1382 strain1382 unglad1390 afflicta1393 paina1393 distressa1400 hita1400 sorea1400 assayc1400 remordc1400 temptc1400 to sit (or set) one sorec1420 overthrow?a1425 visit1424 labour1437 passionc1470 arraya1500 constraina1500 misgrievea1500 attempt1525 exagitate1532 to wring to the worse1542 toil1549 lament1580 adolorate1598 rankle1659 try1702 to pass over ——1790 upset1805 to touch (also get, catch, etc.) (a person) on the raw1823 to put (a person) through it1855 bludgeon1888 to get to ——1904 to put through the hoop(s)1919 ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 292 Nan uuel ne schal nachȝi þe. Nan þing ne schal sweme þe. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 231 Beo we sari þet we eauer schulde wraððe swich fader. & sweme [a1250 Nero sweamen] swich wardein. c1230 Hali Meid. 17 Hwa þat sehe þenne hu þe engles beo isweamed þat seoð hare suster swa fohrfulliche afallet. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 8034 He scal alle þa swiken swenien [read swemen] mid eiȝe. c1450 Mankind 868 in Macro Plays 33 Yt swemyth my hert, to thynk how onwysely I hawe wroght. 2. intransitive. To grieve, mourn. Also in vbl. n. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > sorrow or grief > lamentation or expression of grief > lament or express grief [verb (intransitive)] sorroweOE meaneOE careOE mournOE ofthink?c1225 to make sorrow?c1250 to make languorc1300 bemoanc1305 plainc1325 moanc1330 wailc1330 waymentc1350 complainc1374 to make syte?a1400 sweam14.. lamentc1515 bemournc1540 regratec1550 to sing sol-fa, sorrow, woe1573 condole1598 passion1598 deplore1632 ochone1829 rune1832 14.. Promptorium Parvulorum 482/2 Swemyn, molestor, mereo..Swemynge, or mornynge. c1450 Cov. Myst. (Shaks. Soc.) 81 Your swemynge smytyht to myn herte depe. 3. passive and intransitive. To be overcome with faintness. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > physical sensibility > physical insensibility > unconsciousness > lose consciousness [verb (intransitive)] > faint or swoon swotherc1000 swowa1250 swoonc1290 sweltc1330 trance1340 to fall on, in swowa1375 swapc1386 sound1393 dwelea1400 swaya1400 faintc1440 owmawt1440 swalmc1440 sweamc1440 syncopize1490 dwalm?a1513 swarf1513 swound1530 cothe1567 sweb1599 to go away1655 to die away1707 go1768 sink1769 sile1790 to pass out1915 to black out1935 c1440 York Myst. xl. 40 Þane on his bakke bare he þame by, A crosse vnto Caluery, Þat swettyng was swemyed for swetyng. 1579 (c1501) G. Douglas Palice of Honour (Edinb.) iii. l. 2097 in Shorter Poems (1967) 129 I..langit sair for to haue swemit [?1553 London swounyt] agane. Derivatives ˈswemand adj. afflicting, grievous. ΘΚΠ the mind > emotion > suffering > cause of mental pain or suffering > [adjective] eileOE soreOE balefulc1200 carefulc1200 aching?c1225 pinefulc1225 sughendc1230 pininga1250 stinginga1250 toughc1275 deringa1325 unsetec1325 unwinc1330 throlya1375 encumbrousc1384 grievable1390 painful1395 plaintfula1400 sweamlya1400 swemandc1400 temptingc1400 importunea1425 sweamfulc1430 penible?a1439 discomfortingc1450 grievingc1450 remordingc1450 sorousc1503 badc1530 paining1532 raw1548 nippingc1550 smartful1556 pinching1563 grievesome1568 griping1568 afflictive1576 pressing1591 boisterous1599 heartstruck1608 carkingc1620 gravaminous1659 vellicating1669 weary1785 traumatizing1970 gut-wrenching1972 c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 563 Þe swemande sorȝe soȝt to his hert. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1918; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < n.a1325v.?c1225
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