swartadj.n.

Brit.

/swɔːt/, U.S.

/swɔrt/

Forms: Old English sweart, Middle English sward, Middle English swært, sweort, swerd, suart, Middle English swertt, Middle English–1500s swarte, Middle English, 1600s swert, Old English– swart.

Origin: A word inherited from Germanic.

Etymology: Common Germanic: Old English sweart , = Old Saxon, Old Frisian swart (North Frisian sûart , East Frisian suurt , West Frisian swart ), Middle Low German, Low German swart , Middle Dutch swart (Dutch zwart ), Old High German, Middle High German swarz (German schwarz ), Old Norse svartr (Swedish svart , Danish sort ), Gothic swarts ; < root swart- ‘dark’, of which another grade is found in Old Norse sorta black dye, sorti black cloud, sortna to grow black, Surtr (see surturbrand n.). While surviving as the regular colour-word in the Continental languages, it has been superseded in ordinary use in English by black.

Now only rhetorical or poetic (or dialect).

A. adj.

1. Dark in colour; black or blackish; dusky, swarthy.

a. gen.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > state or mode of having colour > [adjective] > dark-coloured

darkeOE

blackeOE

browna1000

swartOE

wanOE

murka1325

darkish?c1425

duska1450

dusketly1486

sad?1504

duskish1530

base1539

dusky1558

swarthy1577

darksome1598

smutty1648

subfusc?1705

infuscated1727

murky1759

subfuscous1762

sable1791

sombrous1799

obfuscous1822

sombre1829

wine-dark1855

murkish1869

the world > matter > colour > quality of colour > [adjective] > relating to tone > dark

wana1000

swartOE

darkOE

under-dark1382

sad1415

swartish1483

sable?a1513

dark-coloured?1523

swarth?1527

fuskish1563

swarty1572

saturnine1581

sable-suiteda1592

sable visaged1608

gloomy1632

sable-vested1667

fuscous1671

umbratile1678

sable-hooded1770

gangrenous1794

burnt1897

bead-dark1937

OE Beowulf 167 Heorot eardode, sincfage sel sweartum nihtum.

OE Beowulf 3145 Wudurec astah sweart.

c1000 Sax. Leechd. I. 310 Ðeos wyrt..ys þyrnihton stelan..& bradran leafon þonne leac & sweartran.

1122 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) Þa wearð swiðe mycel wind fram þa undern dæies to þa swarte nihte.

a1200 Moral Ode 278 in Old Eng. Hom. I. 177 Nis þer neure oþer liht þanne þe swarte leie.

c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 5974 Swurken vnder sunnen sweorte weolcnen.

1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 10049 Vor he vel of is palefrey & brec is fot..So suart so eni crowe amorwe is fot was.

c1400 (?c1380) Patience l. 363 To be swolȝed swyftly wyth þe swart erþe.

c1430 Hymns Virg. etc. (1895) 119 Hitt shalle be swarte as any pyche.

1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball 38 It is smaller, smother, and of a swarter colour.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. xxiii. i. 149 Foule and unseemly swert skars, it reduceth to the fresh and naturall colour.

1602 J. Marston Antonios Reuenge i. i. sig. A3 You horrid scouts, That centinell swart night.

a1682 Sir T. Browne Christian Morals (1716) iii. 82 Nor deepen those swart Tinctures, which Temper, Infirmity, or ill habits have set upon thee.

1794 S. T. Coleridge Koskiusko 4 Through the swart air..on the chill and midnight gale Rises..The dirge of murder'd Hope!

1811 W. Scott Don Roderick liii. 48 Swart as the smoke from raging furnace.

1890 ‘R. Boldrewood’ Colonial Reformer (1891) 283 The trees upon the swart hillsides were visible..as at midday.

b. spec. Of the skin or complexion, or of persons in respect of these.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > colour > quality of colour > [adjective] > relating to tone > of dark variety or complexion

swarta1395

black-browed1590

swarfy1602

swarthy1602

swarf1619

swartish1630

swarthish1653

swarfish1671

brunette1724

dusky1827

brunet1840

a1395 W. Hylton Scala Perfeccionis (1494) ii. xii Beholde me not that I am swart [1533 blacke] for the sonne hath defaded me.

a1400–50 Wars Alex. 3970 Þa swart men of ynde.

c1407 J. Lydgate Reson & Sensuallyte 3791 Vulcanus..For his smotry, swarte face He stood clene out of hir grace.

1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 192 This king was of stature talle, somewhat swarte or black of colour.

1613 W. Browne Britannia's Pastorals I. iv. 75 The swart Plow-man for his Breakefast staid.

1614 J. Sylvester Bethulia's Rescue iii. 36 The swelting coasts of swartest Abyssine.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Comedy of Errors (1623) iii. ii. 103 Anti. What complexion is she of? Dro. Swart like my shoo, but her face nothing like so cleane kept.

1637 J. Milton Comus 15 No goblin, or swart Faërie of the mine.

1810 P. B. Shelley Solitary ii The swart Pariah in some Indian grove.

1825 W. Scott Talisman xiv, in Tales Crusaders IV. 302 Their countenance swart with the sunbeams.

1901 E. L. Arnold Lepidus the Centurion 154 This swart adventurer made love to the girl that was all in all to me.

†c. Livid through suffering or emotion. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > blemish > [adjective] > discoloured

wanc700

blaec1325

bluec1390

swarta1400

livid?a1425

pinch-spotteda1616

jaundiced1640

blue in the face1792

the world > matter > colour > named colours > blue or blueness > [adjective] > colour of plagues, hurtful things, etc.

blaec1325

swarta1400

blue1678

a1400 Sir Beues (S.) 1912 For teene he wexe al swert.

c1485 Digby Myst., Mary Magdalene 780 I wax alle swertt!

1567 A. Golding tr. Ovid Metamorphosis (new ed.) xii. f. 154 Al his bodye wext stark cold and dyed swart.

1581 in E. Farr Sel. Poetry Reign Elizabeth (1845) II. 395 Who alwaies thinkes of death Shall neuer looke with cheereful face, But swarte, and wan.

1583 P. Barrough Methode of Phisicke i. iii. 4 Ther face is..full and pale, and ther eyes are swollen and swart.

d. quasi-adv. qualifying an adjective of colour.In first quot. c1384 swarte is a disyllable, as if representing. Old English swearte adv.

ΚΠ

c1384 G. Chaucer Hous of Fame iii. 557 Blak blo grenyssh swarte Red.

?1527 Iudycyall of Vryns ii. xiv. 45 b Lyke as we see whan a thyng that is swart grene.

1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball 82 Small round beries of a swarte redde colour.

1841 R. Browning Pippa Passes ii, in Bells & Pomegranates No. I 8/2 An Almaign Kaiser,..Swart-green and gold with truncheon based on hip.

a. transferred. Producing swarthiness of complexion.Applied by Milton to some heavenly body, perhaps the dog-star (cf. Horace Odes iii. xxiii. 9), in reference to the heat of summer; hence in echoes of Milton, sometimes in sense ‘malignant’ (cf. A. 3(b)).

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > skin > complexion > darkness > [adjective] > producing

swart1638

1638 J. Milton Lycidas in Obsequies 24 in Justa Edouardo King Ye valleys low..On whose fresh lap the swart starre sparely looks.

1759 W. Mason Caractacus 31 From the sultry south alone The swart star flings his pestilential fire.

1818 J. Keats Endymion ii. 54 Swart planet in the universe of deeds.

1862 R. C. Trench Poems 254 The swart sun's blaze Down beating with unmitigated rays.

1892 W. E. Henley Song of Sword 15 From swart August to the green lap of May.

b. Dressed in black.Cf. Middle Low German swartbroder, Old Norse svartmunkr, etc., a Dominican, black friar.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > wearing clothing > [adjective] > wearing specific coloured clothing

whiteOE

blackc1300

reda1325

yellowa1350

purpureda1382

saffron-mantled1558

saffron robed1558

blue1600

scarleta1616

candidate1616

black-robed1673

swart1688

empurpled1766

blue-clad1767

black-clothed1800

sabled1804

blue-bloused1837

porporate1868

1688 A. Behn Fair Jilt 8 Chanonesses, Begines, Quest's, Swart-Sisters, and Jesuitesses.

1856 W. E. Aytoun Bothwell ii. ix There he stood,..Swart in the Congregation's garb.

3. figurative. (a) ‘Black’, wicked, iniquitous. (b) Baleful, malignant.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > badness or evil > evil and dark > [adjective]

swartOE

black1547

flasky1575

darksome1576

sable1726

the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > ill-will > [adjective]

hateleOE

swartOE

ill-willinga1300

illc1330

ill-willeda1340

evil-willya1382

hatefula1400

malignc1429

malicea1500

maltalentivea1500

ill-willy15..

malevolent1509

malevolous1531

ill asposit1535

ill-givena1568

stomaching1579

malignant1592

gall-ful1596

gall-wet1597

ill-affecteda1599

unpleasant1603

evil-affected1611

gallsome1633

ill-meaning1633

ill-natured1645

unbenign1651

sullen1676

unbenevolent1694

reptilian1855

unbenignant1856

society > morality > moral evil > [adjective] > evil or dark

swartOE

darkOE

black1547

flasky1575

darksome1576

pitchy1612

sable1726

the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > unkindness > ill will, malevolence > [adjective]

hateleOE

balefulOE

swartOE

hatelyOE

ill-willinga1300

illc1330

ill-willeda1340

evil-willya1382

hatefula1400

malignc1429

malicea1500

maltalentivea1500

malevolent1509

malevolous1531

fiendisha1535

ill asposit1535

ill-givena1568

malignant1592

ill-affecteda1599

unpleasant1603

manless?1609

evil-affected1611

ill-willy1611

ill-meaning1633

ill-natured1645

swarthy1651

unbenign1651

reptile1653

sullen1676

maligning1687

unbenevolent1694

reptilian1855

unbenignant1856

OE Cynewulf Juliana 313 Þus ic wraþra fela mid minum broþrum bealwa gefremede, sweartra synna.

c1000 Ælfric Homilies I. 54 Swa lange swa he hylt ðone sweartan nið on his heortan.

?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 225 A demesdei. schulen vre swarte sunnen strongliche bicleopen us of ure saule mordre.

1594 R. Carew tr. T. Tasso Godfrey of Bulloigne iv. 78 Whereto booted this, if they ne mote Of these vncertaine broyles the issue cleere?.. Nor hels swart cunning could to truth direct?

1852 D. Rock Church our Fathers III. ix. 222 Whenever any swart evil had betided this land.

1867 R. W. Emerson May-day & Other Pieces 143 Nor haughty hope, nor swart chagrin, Nor murdering hate.

†B. n.

A person of swarthy complexion; in quot. c1425 figurative as a term of reproach. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > inferior person > [noun] > held in reproach

gluttonc1300

jau dewin1340

Pilatec1390

rascal?a1400

swartc1425

hoberdc1450

dogshead1539

ladronea1557

clapperdudgeon1567

soused gurnet1598

jail-bird1603

cocoloch1610

swappes1626

incubee1631

stitchel1659

potwalloper1820

Little Willie1901

the world > matter > colour > quality of colour > [noun] > shade or tone > of dark variety or complexion

brunet1671

swart1867

phaeism1891

c1425 Cast. Persev. 2211 in Macro Plays 143 Charyte, þat sowre swart, with fayre rosys myn hed gan breke.

1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Swarts, a name formerly applied by voyagers to Indians and negroes.

Compounds

General attributive. (Cf. Old English swearthǽwen.)

swart-coloured adj.

ΚΠ

1620 T. Granger Syntagma Logicum 67 Vnder the North pole they are browne, and swart coloured.

swart-complexioned adj.

ΚΠ

1609 W. Shakespeare Sonnets xxviii. sig. C2^v The swart complexiond night.

swart-faced adj.

ΚΠ

1821 W. Scott Kenilworth I. xi. 265 A..swart-faced knave of that noble mystery.

1905 W. Tuckwell Reminisc. Radical Parson xii. 181 A great gathering of swart-faced enthusiasts in the Black Country.

swart-featured adj.

ΚΠ

1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. II. iv. iv. 230 So many swart-featured haggard faces.

swart-visaged adj.

ΚΠ

1858 O. W. Holmes Autocrat of Breakfast-table ii Bare-armed, swart-visaged, gaunt, and shaggy-browed.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1918; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	swart
释义	swartadj.n. Brit. /swɔːt/, U.S. /swɔrt/ Forms: Old English sweart, Middle English sward, Middle English swært, sweort, swerd, suart, Middle English swertt, Middle English–1500s swarte, Middle English, 1600s swert, Old English– swart. Origin: A word inherited from Germanic. Etymology: Common Germanic: Old English sweart , = Old Saxon, Old Frisian swart (North Frisian sûart , East Frisian suurt , West Frisian swart ), Middle Low German, Low German swart , Middle Dutch swart (Dutch zwart ), Old High German, Middle High German swarz (German schwarz ), Old Norse svartr (Swedish svart , Danish sort ), Gothic swarts ; < root swart- ‘dark’, of which another grade is found in Old Norse sorta black dye, sorti black cloud, sortna to grow black, Surtr (see surturbrand n.). While surviving as the regular colour-word in the Continental languages, it has been superseded in ordinary use in English by black. Now only rhetorical or poetic (or dialect). A. adj. 1. Dark in colour; black or blackish; dusky, swarthy. a. gen. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > state or mode of having colour > [adjective] > dark-coloured darkeOE blackeOE browna1000 swartOE wanOE murka1325 darkish?c1425 duska1450 dusketly1486 sad?1504 duskish1530 base1539 dusky1558 swarthy1577 darksome1598 smutty1648 subfusc?1705 infuscated1727 murky1759 subfuscous1762 sable1791 sombrous1799 obfuscous1822 sombre1829 wine-dark1855 murkish1869 the world > matter > colour > quality of colour > [adjective] > relating to tone > dark wana1000 swartOE darkOE under-dark1382 sad1415 swartish1483 sable?a1513 dark-coloured?1523 swarth?1527 fuskish1563 swarty1572 saturnine1581 sable-suiteda1592 sable visaged1608 gloomy1632 sable-vested1667 fuscous1671 umbratile1678 sable-hooded1770 gangrenous1794 burnt1897 bead-dark1937 OE Beowulf 167 Heorot eardode, sincfage sel sweartum nihtum. OE Beowulf 3145 Wudurec astah sweart. c1000 Sax. Leechd. I. 310 Ðeos wyrt..ys þyrnihton stelan..& bradran leafon þonne leac & sweartran. 1122 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) Þa wearð swiðe mycel wind fram þa undern dæies to þa swarte nihte. a1200 Moral Ode 278 in Old Eng. Hom. I. 177 Nis þer neure oþer liht þanne þe swarte leie. c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 5974 Swurken vnder sunnen sweorte weolcnen. 1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 10049 Vor he vel of is palefrey & brec is fot..So suart so eni crowe amorwe is fot was. c1400 (?c1380) Patience l. 363 To be swolȝed swyftly wyth þe swart erþe. c1430 Hymns Virg. etc. (1895) 119 Hitt shalle be swarte as any pyche. 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball 38 It is smaller, smother, and of a swarter colour. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World II. xxiii. i. 149 Foule and unseemly swert skars, it reduceth to the fresh and naturall colour. 1602 J. Marston Antonios Reuenge i. i. sig. A3 You horrid scouts, That centinell swart night. a1682 Sir T. Browne Christian Morals (1716) iii. 82 Nor deepen those swart Tinctures, which Temper, Infirmity, or ill habits have set upon thee. 1794 S. T. Coleridge Koskiusko 4 Through the swart air..on the chill and midnight gale Rises..The dirge of murder'd Hope! 1811 W. Scott Don Roderick liii. 48 Swart as the smoke from raging furnace. 1890 ‘R. Boldrewood’ Colonial Reformer (1891) 283 The trees upon the swart hillsides were visible..as at midday. b. spec. Of the skin or complexion, or of persons in respect of these. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > colour > quality of colour > [adjective] > relating to tone > of dark variety or complexion swarta1395 black-browed1590 swarfy1602 swarthy1602 swarf1619 swartish1630 swarthish1653 swarfish1671 brunette1724 dusky1827 brunet1840 a1395 W. Hylton Scala Perfeccionis (1494) ii. xii Beholde me not that I am swart [1533 blacke] for the sonne hath defaded me. a1400–50 Wars Alex. 3970 Þa swart men of ynde. c1407 J. Lydgate Reson & Sensuallyte 3791 Vulcanus..For his smotry, swarte face He stood clene out of hir grace. 1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 192 This king was of stature talle, somewhat swarte or black of colour. 1613 W. Browne Britannia's Pastorals I. iv. 75 The swart Plow-man for his Breakefast staid. 1614 J. Sylvester Bethulia's Rescue iii. 36 The swelting coasts of swartest Abyssine. a1616 W. Shakespeare Comedy of Errors (1623) iii. ii. 103 Anti. What complexion is she of? Dro. Swart like my shoo, but her face nothing like so cleane kept. View more context for this quotation 1637 J. Milton Comus 15 No goblin, or swart Faërie of the mine. 1810 P. B. Shelley Solitary ii The swart Pariah in some Indian grove. 1825 W. Scott Talisman xiv, in Tales Crusaders IV. 302 Their countenance swart with the sunbeams. 1901 E. L. Arnold Lepidus the Centurion 154 This swart adventurer made love to the girl that was all in all to me. †c. Livid through suffering or emotion. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > blemish > [adjective] > discoloured wanc700 blaec1325 bluec1390 swarta1400 livid?a1425 pinch-spotteda1616 jaundiced1640 blue in the face1792 the world > matter > colour > named colours > blue or blueness > [adjective] > colour of plagues, hurtful things, etc. blaec1325 swarta1400 blue1678 a1400 Sir Beues (S.) 1912 For teene he wexe al swert. c1485 Digby Myst., Mary Magdalene 780 I wax alle swertt! 1567 A. Golding tr. Ovid Metamorphosis (new ed.) xii. f. 154 Al his bodye wext stark cold and dyed swart. 1581 in E. Farr Sel. Poetry Reign Elizabeth (1845) II. 395 Who alwaies thinkes of death Shall neuer looke with cheereful face, But swarte, and wan. 1583 P. Barrough Methode of Phisicke i. iii. 4 Ther face is..full and pale, and ther eyes are swollen and swart. d. quasi-adv. qualifying an adjective of colour.In first quot. c1384 swarte is a disyllable, as if representing. Old English swearte adv. ΚΠ c1384 G. Chaucer Hous of Fame iii. 557 Blak blo grenyssh swarte Red. ?1527 Iudycyall of Vryns ii. xiv. 45 b Lyke as we see whan a thyng that is swart grene. 1578 H. Lyte tr. R. Dodoens Niewe Herball 82 Small round beries of a swarte redde colour. 1841 R. Browning Pippa Passes ii, in Bells & Pomegranates No. I 8/2 An Almaign Kaiser,..Swart-green and gold with truncheon based on hip. 2. a. transferred. Producing swarthiness of complexion.Applied by Milton to some heavenly body, perhaps the dog-star (cf. Horace Odes iii. xxiii. 9), in reference to the heat of summer; hence in echoes of Milton, sometimes in sense ‘malignant’ (cf. A. 3(b)). ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > skin > complexion > darkness > [adjective] > producing swart1638 1638 J. Milton Lycidas in Obsequies 24 in Justa Edouardo King Ye valleys low..On whose fresh lap the swart starre sparely looks. 1759 W. Mason Caractacus 31 From the sultry south alone The swart star flings his pestilential fire. 1818 J. Keats Endymion ii. 54 Swart planet in the universe of deeds. 1862 R. C. Trench Poems 254 The swart sun's blaze Down beating with unmitigated rays. 1892 W. E. Henley Song of Sword 15 From swart August to the green lap of May. b. Dressed in black.Cf. Middle Low German swartbroder, Old Norse svartmunkr, etc., a Dominican, black friar. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > clothing > wearing clothing > [adjective] > wearing specific coloured clothing whiteOE blackc1300 reda1325 yellowa1350 purpureda1382 saffron-mantled1558 saffron robed1558 blue1600 scarleta1616 candidate1616 black-robed1673 swart1688 empurpled1766 blue-clad1767 black-clothed1800 sabled1804 blue-bloused1837 porporate1868 1688 A. Behn Fair Jilt 8 Chanonesses, Begines, Quest's, Swart-Sisters, and Jesuitesses. 1856 W. E. Aytoun Bothwell ii. ix There he stood,..Swart in the Congregation's garb. 3. figurative. (a) ‘Black’, wicked, iniquitous. (b) Baleful, malignant. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > badness or evil > evil and dark > [adjective] swartOE black1547 flasky1575 darksome1576 sable1726 the mind > goodness and badness > harmfulness > ill-will > [adjective] hateleOE swartOE ill-willinga1300 illc1330 ill-willeda1340 evil-willya1382 hatefula1400 malignc1429 malicea1500 maltalentivea1500 ill-willy15.. malevolent1509 malevolous1531 ill asposit1535 ill-givena1568 stomaching1579 malignant1592 gall-ful1596 gall-wet1597 ill-affecteda1599 unpleasant1603 evil-affected1611 gallsome1633 ill-meaning1633 ill-natured1645 unbenign1651 sullen1676 unbenevolent1694 reptilian1855 unbenignant1856 society > morality > moral evil > [adjective] > evil or dark swartOE darkOE black1547 flasky1575 darksome1576 pitchy1612 sable1726 the world > action or operation > behaviour > bad behaviour > unkindness > ill will, malevolence > [adjective] hateleOE balefulOE swartOE hatelyOE ill-willinga1300 illc1330 ill-willeda1340 evil-willya1382 hatefula1400 malignc1429 malicea1500 maltalentivea1500 malevolent1509 malevolous1531 fiendisha1535 ill asposit1535 ill-givena1568 malignant1592 ill-affecteda1599 unpleasant1603 manless?1609 evil-affected1611 ill-willy1611 ill-meaning1633 ill-natured1645 swarthy1651 unbenign1651 reptile1653 sullen1676 maligning1687 unbenevolent1694 reptilian1855 unbenignant1856 OE Cynewulf Juliana 313 Þus ic wraþra fela mid minum broþrum bealwa gefremede, sweartra synna. c1000 Ælfric Homilies I. 54 Swa lange swa he hylt ðone sweartan nið on his heortan. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 225 A demesdei. schulen vre swarte sunnen strongliche bicleopen us of ure saule mordre. 1594 R. Carew tr. T. Tasso Godfrey of Bulloigne iv. 78 Whereto booted this, if they ne mote Of these vncertaine broyles the issue cleere?.. Nor hels swart cunning could to truth direct? 1852 D. Rock Church our Fathers III. ix. 222 Whenever any swart evil had betided this land. 1867 R. W. Emerson May-day & Other Pieces 143 Nor haughty hope, nor swart chagrin, Nor murdering hate. †B. n. A person of swarthy complexion; in quot. c1425 figurative as a term of reproach. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the mind > goodness and badness > inferiority or baseness > inferior person > [noun] > held in reproach gluttonc1300 jau dewin1340 Pilatec1390 rascal?a1400 swartc1425 hoberdc1450 dogshead1539 ladronea1557 clapperdudgeon1567 soused gurnet1598 jail-bird1603 cocoloch1610 swappes1626 incubee1631 stitchel1659 potwalloper1820 Little Willie1901 the world > matter > colour > quality of colour > [noun] > shade or tone > of dark variety or complexion brunet1671 swart1867 phaeism1891 c1425 Cast. Persev. 2211 in Macro Plays 143 Charyte, þat sowre swart, with fayre rosys myn hed gan breke. 1867 W. H. Smyth & E. Belcher Sailor's Word-bk. Swarts, a name formerly applied by voyagers to Indians and negroes. Compounds General attributive. (Cf. Old English swearthǽwen.) swart-coloured adj. ΚΠ 1620 T. Granger Syntagma Logicum 67 Vnder the North pole they are browne, and swart coloured. swart-complexioned adj. ΚΠ 1609 W. Shakespeare Sonnets xxviii. sig. C2^v The swart complexiond night. View more context for this quotation swart-faced adj. ΚΠ 1821 W. Scott Kenilworth I. xi. 265 A..swart-faced knave of that noble mystery. 1905 W. Tuckwell Reminisc. Radical Parson xii. 181 A great gathering of swart-faced enthusiasts in the Black Country. swart-featured adj. ΚΠ 1837 T. Carlyle French Revol. II. iv. iv. 230 So many swart-featured haggard faces. swart-visaged adj. ΚΠ 1858 O. W. Holmes Autocrat of Breakfast-table ii Bare-armed, swart-visaged, gaunt, and shaggy-browed. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1918; most recently modified version published online March 2022). † swartv. Etymology: < swart adj. In Old English sweartian, corresponding to Middle Low German swarten, also swerten, Old High German suarzên, Middle High German swarzen, also Old High German suarz(i)an, suerzen, Middle High German swerzen (German schwärzen); compare Old Norse svartaðr dyed black. Obsolete. 1. intransitive. To become swart, dark, or dusky. ΚΠ c1000 Ælfric Lives Saints xviii. 151 Efne ða aras se wind and ða wolcnu sweartodon. c1000 Sax. Leechd. III. 104 Þanne sweartigeð hy [sc. the teeth] & fealleð. 1581 A. Hall tr. Homer 10 Bks. Iliades v. 86 Hir colour gay So bright that was, beginnes to swarte. 2. transitive. To make swart; to darken (esp. the skin or complexion). ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > skin > complexion > darkness > [verb (transitive)] swart1577 swartha1889 1577 J. Grange Golden Aphroditis sig. Nj Vulcane beyng..swarted with the..smoke of his forge. 1614 A. Gorges tr. Lucan Pharsalia vi. 217 The skinne it scorching swarts. 1628 P. Fletcher Brittain's Ida vi. ix. sig. C8 Ioue upon him downe his thunder darted, Blasting his splendent face, and all his beauty swarted. 1646 Sir T. Browne Pseudodoxia Epidemica vi. x. 326 The heate of the Sun, whose fervor may swarte a living part, and even black a dead or dissolving flesh. View more context for this quotation This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1918; most recently modified version published online March 2021). < adj.n.OEv.c1000
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swartadj.n.

Compounds

† swartv.