swardn.

Brit.

/swɔːd/, U.S.

/swɔrd/

Forms: Old English, 1600s–1700s sweard, Middle English suerd, Middle English swerde, swarde, Middle English–1500s sworde, Middle English–1800s (now dialect) swerd, 1500s suard, swart, 1500s–1600s swarde, 1500s–1700s Scottish swaird, 1600s swort, 1600s–1800s sword, Middle English– sward. See also swad n.¹ β. 1500s soord, 1500s–1600s soard, 1600s sourd, 1600s–1800s (now dialect) sord.

Etymology: Old English sweard ? masculine, corresponding to Old Frisian swarde (feminine) skin of the head (North Frisian swârd , sûrd , East Frisian swôed , swode , West Frisian swaerd rind of pork, surface of fenland), Middle Low German swarde (feminine), thick hairy skin, especially scalp of man, skin of pig, (Low German swaarde , also grönswaarde greensward), Middle Dutch swarde < (Dutch †swaerd , †zwaard , modern zwoord n., influenced by Frisian forms), Middle High German swarte < hairy skin, scalp, bacon rind, (German schwarte ), Old Norse svörðr , genitive svarðar , skin, especially of the head, walrus hide, svarð- in combination, greensward, walrus hide, (Icelandic grassvörðr greensward, Middle Swedish grönsvärdher greensward, Swedish dialect svärd , Norwegian svord , svor skin, greensward, also grassvord , -svoor , Danish svær , also fleskesvær bacon rind, grønsvær ); < Germanic stem sward- , swarð- : swarþ- (see swarth n.¹), the ultimate origin of which is unknown. The Old English word, if indeed it survived, was reinforced in Middle English by the Scandinavian forms, and possibly from Low German.

1. The skin of the body; esp. (now dialect) the rind of pork or bacon. †head sward n. the scalp.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > the body > skin > [noun]

swardc725

fellOE

hidea1000

leather1303

skina1325

rinda1413

swarth?c1450

swadc1460

thackc1480

skin coat1589

hackle1609

flesha1616

pelta1626

integument1664

barka1758

exoskeleton1839

the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > pork > [noun] > rind

swardc1430

crisp1675

crackling1708

spine1847

swad1877

the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > top of head > [noun] > scalp

head swardc1430

scalp1616

c725 Corpus Gloss. (Hessels) V 222 Vistula, sugesweard.

c1050 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 265/9 Cutis, sweard.

13.. K. Alis. 5950 Caluȝ was his heuede swerd.

c1430 Two Cookery-bks. 6 Sethe..porke þer-ynne, an pulle of þe swerde, an pyke owt þe bonys.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 482/1 Swarde, or sworde of flesche, coriana.

c1480 (a1400) St. Christina 227 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 404 Þat Iuge..gert tak hyr in teyne, & schawe hire heid to þe suerd.

1607 T. Tomkis Lingua ii. i. C iv If they would..brandish no swords but sweards of Bacon.

1610 G. Markham Maister-peece ii. cii. 385 Annoynt the cronet of the hoofe with the fat swarde of bacon.

1663 A. Cowley Ess. in Verse & Prose (1669) 19 And for a Haut goust there was mixt with these The swerd of Bacon, and the coat of Cheese.

1747 H. Glasse Art of Cookery ii. 31 To dress a Ham a la Braise..take off the Swerd.

1829 S. Glover Hist. County of Derby I. 133 (note) She [sc. a sow] proved when fat, good bacon, juicy and tender; the rind or sword was remarkably thin.

β. 1598 Bp. J. Hall Virgidemiarum: 3 Last Bks. iv. ii. 15 Ree'zd Bacon soords shall feast his family.1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Cotenna..the soard [1611 sord] of bakon.

†a. Usually with defining phr. of the earth, etc.: The surface or upper layer of ground usually covered with herbage. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > ground > [noun]

ground971

earthOE

fleta1000

foldOE

landOE

floor?a1400

soila1400

margin?a1425

yird1433

sulye1434

swardc1440

leaa1475

paithmentc1480

visagea1500

crust1555

mother earth1568

solum1829

carpet1918

deck1925

dutty1925

c1440 Pallad. on Husb. i. 58 Se not the swerd al nakid, white, vnclene.

c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 506 Turfe of flagge, swarde of þe erþe (S. turfe, flag, or sward of erþ), cespes, terricidium.

1473 in C. Rogers Rental Bk. Cupar-Angus (1879) I. 171 They sal neuer cast [= dig] bot onder a fourhed, leuand a pairt of the mos in the ground and fylland behynd tham with the sward of the mos.

a1552 J. Leland Itinerary (1712) VIII. 119 Ovar growen in the Swart with fine Grase.

1577 W. Harrison Hist. Descr. Islande Brit. ii. xvi. f. 91^v/2, in R. Holinshed Chron. I Great plentye of water..betweene the new loose swart and the olde hard earth,..being drawne awaie.

1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. xvi. xxxi. 477 The roots of the Apple-tree, Olive, and Cypresse, lie very ebbe, and creepe hard under the sourd of the ground.

1659 A. Speed Adam out of Eden xvi. 138 Some will burn to Ashes, Roots, and Stubble, the sword and swarth of the Ground.

b. Qualified by green, grassy, grass, of grass, etc.: The surface of soil covered with grass or other herbage; turf, greensward n.

ΚΠ

1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid vi. iii. 65 A pair of dowis..on the greyn sward thair place tuke law.

1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 336 A prety hillocke to be seene apparelled in a fresh suit of greene sord.

1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost xi. 433 Ith' midst an Altar as the Land-mark stood Rustic, of grassie sord .

1725 A. Ramsay Gentle Shepherd iv. ii. Prol. The green swaird grows damp with falling dew.

1736 Compl. Family-piece iii. 345 If the Turf hath a good Sward of Grass upon it.

1837 J. R. McCulloch Statist. Acct. Brit. Empire I. i. i. 10 The western mountains..are mostly covered with a fine green sward.

1868 D. Livingstone 19 July in Last Jrnls. (1874) I. xii. 326 The grassy sward.

1881 ‘Rita’ My Lady Coquette iv The grass sward..slopes invitingly before her.

(a) Without qualification: = 2b.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > landscape > fertile land or place > land with vegetation > [noun] > grassland

wong971

greenc1225

clowrec1350

bentc1360

swarth?a1400

flaughtc1400

grassa1500

sward?1507

greenswarda1522

sward-earth1541

swarf1599

over-swarth1649

lawn1674

sod1729

swath1776

spine1786

swad1877

turfage1899

padang1909

?1507 W. Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen (Rouen) in Poems (1998) I. 55 The sueit sawour of the sward and singing of foulis.

1512 Reg. Mag. Sig. Scot. 797/2 Una cum acra de le suard vel medow pro pastura animalium.

1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 284/1 Turfe flagge sworde, tourbe.

1649 W. Blith Eng. Improver vi. 34 So cut the Turfe, that the Soard may have all the Winters frost to wroxe, and moulder it.

1660 R. Sharrock Hist. Propagation & Improvem. Veg. 90 Plant them thereupon with the Soard downward.

1747 E. Poston Pratler I. 85 The Sord which I pared off the Earth, commonly called Turf.

1786 R. Burns Poems 60 The fragrant, flow'ry swaird.

1794 C. Vancouver Gen. View Agric. Cambr. 177 The toughness of the fen swerd.

1832 Ld. Tennyson Œnone in Poems (new ed.) 51 There is a dale in Ida,..beautiful With emerald slopes of sunny sward.

1834 Brit. Husbandry (Libr. Useful Knowl.) I. 80 The grass of lawns, mown solely to keep the sward in order.

1837 E. Bulwer-Lytton Ernest Maltravers I. i. ix. 93 The moonlight slept soft upon the sward.

1879 R. Jefferies Wild Life 36 It has become the fashion..to break up the sward of the downs.

(b) A growth of grass; a stretch of greensward.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > landscape > fertile land or place > land with vegetation > [noun] > grassland > growth or stretch of

sward1731

1731 J. Tull New Horse-houghing Husbandry 112 The Grass from the Edges will spread and form a new Turf (or Swerd) on the other Side.

1815 J. Smith Panorama Sci. & Art II. 619 To make a close thick sward.

1843 E. Bulwer-Lytton Last of Barons I. i. i. 5 A considerable plot towards the centre presented a level sward.

1881 C. Darwin Form. Veg. Mould 10 Wherever a path crosses a heath its surface becomes covered with a fine short sward.

†3. transferred. The surface (of water).Apparently an isolated use.

ΚΠ

1606 S. Gardiner Bk. Angling 22 Such as plodde wholy in the mudde and myre of the worlde, will neuer rise vp to the sword of the water.

Compounds

C1.

sward dresser n.

ΚΠ

1799 Gen. View Agric. County Lincoln 71 A sward-dresser has been found very useful upon the meadows and pastures of Brothertoft.

b. General attributive (in sense 2).

sward ground adj.

ΚΠ

1608 A. Willet Hexapla in Exodum 241 The greene grasse and sword ground.

sward land adj.

ΚΠ

1744 W. Ellis Mod. Husbandman Jan. i. 12 (heading) The Gloucestershire Way of preparing and sowing Sward-Land with Corn.

1805 R. W. Dickson Pract. Agric. II. 604 That potatoes may be grown in a very beneficial manner on sward lands.

1905 Westm. Gaz. 31 July 4/1 Old sward land.

sward-crested adj.

ΚΠ

1854 H. Miller Schools & Schoolmasters (1858) xxv. 558 The sward-crested trap-rock.

sward-like adj.

C2.

sward-cut v. (transitive) to cut (land) with a sward-cutter.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > breaking up land > break up land [verb (transitive)] > with scarifier

sward-cut1797

scarify1805

1797 Encycl. Brit. I. 276/1 The land may lie several months in winter after being sward-cut.

sward-cutter n. an implement for cutting a tough sward in preparation for ploughing.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > [noun] > beat-ax or sward-cutter

sward-cutter1786

beating-axe1796

beat-axe1885

1786 R. Sandilands (title) A description of the patent instrument called a sward-cutter.

1797 Encycl. Brit. I. 276/1 One sward-cutter will cut as much in one day as six ploughs will plough.

1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products Sward-cutter, a machine for bringing old grass-lands into tillage.

sward-earth n. †(a) Scottish grass-land; (b) turf.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > landscape > fertile land or place > land with vegetation > [noun] > grassland

wong971

greenc1225

clowrec1350

bentc1360

swarth?a1400

flaughtc1400

grassa1500

sward?1507

greenswarda1522

sward-earth1541

swarf1599

over-swarth1649

lawn1674

sod1729

swath1776

spine1786

swad1877

turfage1899

padang1909

society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > turf > [noun] > for building or constructing

turf1565

set sod1844

sodding1852

sward-earth1852

1541 Reg. Mag. Sig. Scot. 565/1 Marresiam de Farneis et lie swarde-yird ejusdem.

1634 Reg. Mag. Sig. Scot. 19/2 Cum eorum terris tam arabilibus quam non arabilibus lie sward-eardis.

1852 J. Wiggins Pract. Embanking Lands 237 A tile drain on a sole filled part of the way, say 1 foot, over, with any loose material, and the sward earth over that.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1918; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	sward
释义	swardn. Brit. /swɔːd/, U.S. /swɔrd/ Forms: Old English, 1600s–1700s sweard, Middle English suerd, Middle English swerde, swarde, Middle English–1500s sworde, Middle English–1800s (now dialect) swerd, 1500s suard, swart, 1500s–1600s swarde, 1500s–1700s Scottish swaird, 1600s swort, 1600s–1800s sword, Middle English– sward. See also swad n.¹ β. 1500s soord, 1500s–1600s soard, 1600s sourd, 1600s–1800s (now dialect) sord. Etymology: Old English sweard ? masculine, corresponding to Old Frisian swarde (feminine) skin of the head (North Frisian swârd , sûrd , East Frisian swôed , swode , West Frisian swaerd rind of pork, surface of fenland), Middle Low German swarde (feminine), thick hairy skin, especially scalp of man, skin of pig, (Low German swaarde , also grönswaarde greensward), Middle Dutch swarde < (Dutch †swaerd , †zwaard , modern zwoord n., influenced by Frisian forms), Middle High German swarte < hairy skin, scalp, bacon rind, (German schwarte ), Old Norse svörðr , genitive svarðar , skin, especially of the head, walrus hide, svarð- in combination, greensward, walrus hide, (Icelandic grassvörðr greensward, Middle Swedish grönsvärdher greensward, Swedish dialect svärd , Norwegian svord , svor skin, greensward, also grassvord , -svoor , Danish svær , also fleskesvær bacon rind, grønsvær ); < Germanic stem sward- , swarð- : swarþ- (see swarth n.¹), the ultimate origin of which is unknown. The Old English word, if indeed it survived, was reinforced in Middle English by the Scandinavian forms, and possibly from Low German. 1. The skin of the body; esp. (now dialect) the rind of pork or bacon. †head sward n. the scalp. ΘΚΠ the world > life > the body > skin > [noun] swardc725 fellOE hidea1000 leather1303 skina1325 rinda1413 swarth?c1450 swadc1460 thackc1480 skin coat1589 hackle1609 flesha1616 pelta1626 integument1664 barka1758 exoskeleton1839 the world > food and drink > food > animals for food > pork > [noun] > rind swardc1430 crisp1675 crackling1708 spine1847 swad1877 the world > life > the body > external parts of body > head > top of head > [noun] > scalp head swardc1430 scalp1616 c725 Corpus Gloss. (Hessels) V 222 Vistula, sugesweard. c1050 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 265/9 Cutis, sweard. 13.. K. Alis. 5950 Caluȝ was his heuede swerd. c1430 Two Cookery-bks. 6 Sethe..porke þer-ynne, an pulle of þe swerde, an pyke owt þe bonys. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 482/1 Swarde, or sworde of flesche, coriana. c1480 (a1400) St. Christina 227 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 404 Þat Iuge..gert tak hyr in teyne, & schawe hire heid to þe suerd. 1607 T. Tomkis Lingua ii. i. C iv If they would..brandish no swords but sweards of Bacon. 1610 G. Markham Maister-peece ii. cii. 385 Annoynt the cronet of the hoofe with the fat swarde of bacon. 1663 A. Cowley Ess. in Verse & Prose (1669) 19 And for a Haut goust there was mixt with these The swerd of Bacon, and the coat of Cheese. 1747 H. Glasse Art of Cookery ii. 31 To dress a Ham a la Braise..take off the Swerd. 1829 S. Glover Hist. County of Derby I. 133 (note) She [sc. a sow] proved when fat, good bacon, juicy and tender; the rind or sword was remarkably thin. β. 1598 Bp. J. Hall Virgidemiarum: 3 Last Bks. iv. ii. 15 Ree'zd Bacon soords shall feast his family.1598 J. Florio Worlde of Wordes Cotenna..the soard [1611 sord] of bakon. 2. †a. Usually with defining phr. of the earth, etc.: The surface or upper layer of ground usually covered with herbage. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > ground > [noun] ground971 earthOE fleta1000 foldOE landOE floor?a1400 soila1400 margin?a1425 yird1433 sulye1434 swardc1440 leaa1475 paithmentc1480 visagea1500 crust1555 mother earth1568 solum1829 carpet1918 deck1925 dutty1925 c1440 Pallad. on Husb. i. 58 Se not the swerd al nakid, white, vnclene. c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 506 Turfe of flagge, swarde of þe erþe (S. turfe, flag, or sward of erþ), cespes, terricidium. 1473 in C. Rogers Rental Bk. Cupar-Angus (1879) I. 171 They sal neuer cast [= dig] bot onder a fourhed, leuand a pairt of the mos in the ground and fylland behynd tham with the sward of the mos. a1552 J. Leland Itinerary (1712) VIII. 119 Ovar growen in the Swart with fine Grase. 1577 W. Harrison Hist. Descr. Islande Brit. ii. xvi. f. 91^v/2, in R. Holinshed Chron. I Great plentye of water..betweene the new loose swart and the olde hard earth,..being drawne awaie. 1601 P. Holland tr. Pliny Hist. World I. xvi. xxxi. 477 The roots of the Apple-tree, Olive, and Cypresse, lie very ebbe, and creepe hard under the sourd of the ground. 1659 A. Speed Adam out of Eden xvi. 138 Some will burn to Ashes, Roots, and Stubble, the sword and swarth of the Ground. b. Qualified by green, grassy, grass, of grass, etc.: The surface of soil covered with grass or other herbage; turf, greensward n. ΚΠ 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid vi. iii. 65 A pair of dowis..on the greyn sward thair place tuke law. 1610 P. Holland tr. W. Camden Brit. i. 336 A prety hillocke to be seene apparelled in a fresh suit of greene sord. 1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost xi. 433 Ith' midst an Altar as the Land-mark stood Rustic, of grassie sord . View more context for this quotation 1725 A. Ramsay Gentle Shepherd iv. ii. Prol. The green swaird grows damp with falling dew. 1736 Compl. Family-piece iii. 345 If the Turf hath a good Sward of Grass upon it. 1837 J. R. McCulloch Statist. Acct. Brit. Empire I. i. i. 10 The western mountains..are mostly covered with a fine green sward. 1868 D. Livingstone 19 July in Last Jrnls. (1874) I. xii. 326 The grassy sward. 1881 ‘Rita’ My Lady Coquette iv The grass sward..slopes invitingly before her. c. (a) Without qualification: = 2b. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > fertile land or place > land with vegetation > [noun] > grassland wong971 greenc1225 clowrec1350 bentc1360 swarth?a1400 flaughtc1400 grassa1500 sward?1507 greenswarda1522 sward-earth1541 swarf1599 over-swarth1649 lawn1674 sod1729 swath1776 spine1786 swad1877 turfage1899 padang1909 ?1507 W. Dunbar Tua Mariit Wemen (Rouen) in Poems (1998) I. 55 The sueit sawour of the sward and singing of foulis. 1512 Reg. Mag. Sig. Scot. 797/2 Una cum acra de le suard vel medow pro pastura animalium. 1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 284/1 Turfe flagge sworde, tourbe. 1649 W. Blith Eng. Improver vi. 34 So cut the Turfe, that the Soard may have all the Winters frost to wroxe, and moulder it. 1660 R. Sharrock Hist. Propagation & Improvem. Veg. 90 Plant them thereupon with the Soard downward. 1747 E. Poston Pratler I. 85 The Sord which I pared off the Earth, commonly called Turf. 1786 R. Burns Poems 60 The fragrant, flow'ry swaird. 1794 C. Vancouver Gen. View Agric. Cambr. 177 The toughness of the fen swerd. 1832 Ld. Tennyson Œnone in Poems (new ed.) 51 There is a dale in Ida,..beautiful With emerald slopes of sunny sward. 1834 Brit. Husbandry (Libr. Useful Knowl.) I. 80 The grass of lawns, mown solely to keep the sward in order. 1837 E. Bulwer-Lytton Ernest Maltravers I. i. ix. 93 The moonlight slept soft upon the sward. 1879 R. Jefferies Wild Life 36 It has become the fashion..to break up the sward of the downs. (b) A growth of grass; a stretch of greensward. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > fertile land or place > land with vegetation > [noun] > grassland > growth or stretch of sward1731 1731 J. Tull New Horse-houghing Husbandry 112 The Grass from the Edges will spread and form a new Turf (or Swerd) on the other Side. 1815 J. Smith Panorama Sci. & Art II. 619 To make a close thick sward. 1843 E. Bulwer-Lytton Last of Barons I. i. i. 5 A considerable plot towards the centre presented a level sward. 1881 C. Darwin Form. Veg. Mould 10 Wherever a path crosses a heath its surface becomes covered with a fine short sward. †3. transferred. The surface (of water).Apparently an isolated use. ΚΠ 1606 S. Gardiner Bk. Angling 22 Such as plodde wholy in the mudde and myre of the worlde, will neuer rise vp to the sword of the water. Compounds C1. a. sward dresser n. ΚΠ 1799 Gen. View Agric. County Lincoln 71 A sward-dresser has been found very useful upon the meadows and pastures of Brothertoft. b. General attributive (in sense 2). sward ground adj. ΚΠ 1608 A. Willet Hexapla in Exodum 241 The greene grasse and sword ground. sward land adj. ΚΠ 1744 W. Ellis Mod. Husbandman Jan. i. 12 (heading) The Gloucestershire Way of preparing and sowing Sward-Land with Corn. 1805 R. W. Dickson Pract. Agric. II. 604 That potatoes may be grown in a very beneficial manner on sward lands. 1905 Westm. Gaz. 31 July 4/1 Old sward land. c. sward-crested adj. ΚΠ 1854 H. Miller Schools & Schoolmasters (1858) xxv. 558 The sward-crested trap-rock. sward-like adj. C2. sward-cut v. (transitive) to cut (land) with a sward-cutter. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > cultivation or tillage > breaking up land > break up land [verb (transitive)] > with scarifier sward-cut1797 scarify1805 1797 Encycl. Brit. I. 276/1 The land may lie several months in winter after being sward-cut. sward-cutter n. an implement for cutting a tough sward in preparation for ploughing. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > farming > tools and implements > [noun] > beat-ax or sward-cutter sward-cutter1786 beating-axe1796 beat-axe1885 1786 R. Sandilands (title) A description of the patent instrument called a sward-cutter. 1797 Encycl. Brit. I. 276/1 One sward-cutter will cut as much in one day as six ploughs will plough. 1858 P. L. Simmonds Dict. Trade Products Sward-cutter, a machine for bringing old grass-lands into tillage. sward-earth n. †(a) Scottish grass-land; (b) turf. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > fertile land or place > land with vegetation > [noun] > grassland wong971 greenc1225 clowrec1350 bentc1360 swarth?a1400 flaughtc1400 grassa1500 sward?1507 greenswarda1522 sward-earth1541 swarf1599 over-swarth1649 lawn1674 sod1729 swath1776 spine1786 swad1877 turfage1899 padang1909 society > occupation and work > materials > raw material > turf > [noun] > for building or constructing turf1565 set sod1844 sodding1852 sward-earth1852 1541 Reg. Mag. Sig. Scot. 565/1 Marresiam de Farneis et lie swarde-yird ejusdem. 1634 Reg. Mag. Sig. Scot. 19/2 Cum eorum terris tam arabilibus quam non arabilibus lie sward-eardis. 1852 J. Wiggins Pract. Embanking Lands 237 A tile drain on a sole filled part of the way, say 1 foot, over, with any loose material, and the sward earth over that. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1918; most recently modified version published online June 2022). swardv. Brit. /swɔːd/, U.S. /swɔrd/ Forms: Also 1600s sword, soard(e. Etymology: < sward n. 1. intransitive. To form a sward; to become covered with grassy turf. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > fertile land or place > land with vegetation > be covered with vegetation [verb (intransitive)] > specific grassland sward1610 swarth1765 1610 W. Folkingham Feudigraphia i. xi. 35 A loose and light Sand swords slow. 1644 G. Plattes in S. Hartlib Legacy (1655) 236 [Ground] that..will not sward again, or gather a good head of grass, for the first, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7 years, when laid down after Ploughing. 1649 W. Blith Eng. Improver xv. 84 It hath one halfe yeare more to Soard in. a1735 Earl of Haddington Short Treat. Forest-trees 45 in J. G. Reid Scots Gardiner (1756) The ground, immediately after corn, is many years before it swards. 2. transitive. To cover with a sward; chiefly passive to be covered with grass or herbage. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > fertile land or place > land with vegetation > produce vegetation [verb (transitive)] > cover with vegetation > grass sward1610 swarth1610 1610 W. Folkingham Feudigraphia iv. Concl. 87 The Soile is a sandy Clay of 18 Inches Crust close sworded. 1649 W. Blith Eng. Improver vi. 32 How to levell Land, and the suddainest way to Soarde it. 1760 G. Washington Diary 7 Mar. in Writ. (1834) II. 513 The ground being well swarded over, and very heavy ploughing. 1786 S. Henley tr. W. Beckford Arabian Tale 23 A high mountain, whose sides were swarded with wild thyme and basil. 1841 Penny Cycl. XX. 33/1 Hedge-banks may be improved..by being swarded. 1888 R. L. Stevenson Black Arrow i. vi. 75 It was a pillared grove,..open and smoothly swarded. a1904 A. Adams Log of Cowboy v. 56 The prairies were swarded with grass and flowers. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1918; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.c725v.1610
随便看	θ79190 θ79191 θ79192 θ79193 θ79195 θ79196 θ79197 θ79198 θ79199 θ792 θ7920 θ79200 θ79201 θ79202 θ79203 θ79204 θ79205 θ79206 θ79207 θ8347 θ83470 θ83471 θ83472 θ83473 θ83474

swardn.

Compounds

swardv.