surgicaladj.n.

Brit.

/ˈsəːdʒᵻkl/, U.S.

/ˈsərdʒək(ə)l/

Etymology: Alteration of chirurgical adj. after surgeon, surgery. Compare medieval Latin surgicus.

a. Pertaining to, dealing with, or employed in surgery or the surgeon's art.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > surgery > [adjective]

chirurgical?1541

surgery1639

chirurgic1656

surgical1773

1773 J. Hawkesworth Acct. Voy. Southern Hemisphere III. iii. ix. 461 The vulnerary herbs and surgical art of the country.

1800 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 4 280 A Course of Lectures on Select Surgical Cases in the Hospital.

?c1800 Syd. Smith in Lady Holland Mem. (1855) I. 15 ‘It requires’, he used to say, ‘a surgical operation to get a joke well into a Scotch understanding.’

1846 C. Holtzapffel Turning & Mech. Manip. II. 911 Surgical scissors are of many forms.

1884 H. Thompson Tumours of Bladder 39 The dusty pages of old surgical writers.

1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VII. 585 The drainage..of the tympano-antral cavities by a surgical opening into the antrum.

b. Pathology. Resulting from surgical treatment.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > surgery > [adjective] > resulting from surgery

surgical1859

1859 Simpson in Nat. Encycl. I. 150 Not unfrequently followed by Surgical fever.

1890 J. S. Billings National Med. Dict. II S[urgical] kidney, diseased kidney, resulting from..operations on the genito-urinary tract.

c. Of garments: worn to cure, correct, or relieve an illness or deformity.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > surgical garments > [adjective]

surgical1896

1896 Woman's Life 10 Oct. 200/2 (advt.) Surgical hosiery, belts, etc.

1910 Bradshaw's Railway Guide May (Advt. facing p. xv) Bailey's surgical hose.

1955 W. Gaddis Recognitions i. i. 24 Her mother..done in by a surgical belt salesman from New York.

1974 D. Ramsay No Cause to Kill i. 7 Painfully swollen legs encased in surgical stockings.

d. figurative or in figurative contexts.

ΚΠ

1939 C. Isherwood Goodbye to Berlin 68 The afternoon he came to say good-bye there was a positively surgical atmosphere in the flat.

1962 Listener 8 Mar. 400/2 Purchase tax—deliberately uneven and at times deliberately surgical in its effect.

e. Designating swift and precise military attack, esp. from the air. Originally U.S.

ΘΚΠ

society > armed hostility > attack > [adjective] > other types of attack

feigned1598

overvaulting1879

frontal1884

tip-and-run1891

hit and run1940

pre-emptive1941

banzai1945

surgical1965

kamikaze1966

1965 T. C. Sorensen Kennedy xxiv. 684 The idea of..a so-called ‘surgical’ strike..had appeal to almost everyone first considering the matter, including President Kennedy.

1971 Harper's Mag. Nov. 55 Even the language of the bureaucracy—the diminutive ‘nukes’ for instruments that kill and mutilate millions of human beings, the ‘surgical strike’ for chasing and mowing down peasants from the air by spraying them with 8,000 bullets a minute—takes the mystery, awe, and pain out of violence.

1974 E. Newman Strictly Speaking ii. 63 The war in Indochina produced a host of terms that media folks accepted at their peril: protective reaction strike, surgical bombing, free-fire zone.

1978 Guardian Weekly 5 Mar. 9/3 Moscow might be ready to undertake a surgical strike to take out China's nuclear installations.

2. elliptical as n. A surgical case or ward; †a surgical operation. colloquial.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > surgery > [noun] > a surgical operation

operation?a1425

surgical1828

the knife1880

procedure1890

op1925

the world > health and disease > healing > places for the sick or injured > [noun] > hospital or infirmary > hospital ward > types of ward

foul ward1734

day ward1801

eye ward1828

casualty ward1836

scarlet ward1888

out-ward1890

observation ward1908

open ward1919

casualty1927

post-op1929

Nightingale ward1930

private1942

surgical1961

SCBU1968

NICU1971

pre-op1991

1828 W. Sewall Diary 1 July (1930) 121/2 Sat off for home, accompanied by Reed's son, for the purpose of having a surgical on his foot.

1961 Woman 18 Mar. 10/4 Had she seen the new nurse on women's surgical? The knife men always had the luck.

1976 C. Storr Unnatural Fathers i. 11 I'm awfully muddled, the way surgicals and medicals are mixed up here.

Derivatives

ˈsurgically adv. also figurative by the application of, or in relation to, surgical treatment.

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > surgery > [adverb]

surgically1805

1805 J. Taylor Let. 25 Jan. in Minutes of Evidence 200 in Parl. Papers 1809 II. 1 The lad was brought to Dublin..and was surgically rejected and dismissed before I received the letter.

1879 St. George's Hosp. Rep. 9 96 The patient..was treated surgically for a left inguinal hernia.

1880 R. Barwell Aneurism 32 All these forms of disease are surgically somewhat peculiar.

1965 Economist 18 Sept. 1074/2 More surgically still, General de Gaulle calls for an ‘interpretation’ of the common market treaty which in fact violates it.

Draft additions July 2020

surgical mask n. a mask that covers the mouth and nose and acts as a barrier to the transmission of infectious agents, intended for use by medical personnel performing surgical operations or other procedures requiring aseptic conditions.Quot. 1900 shows a slightly earlier use (probably not a fixed collocation) referring to a mask covering a patient's mouth and nose, used to administer an anaesthetic gas.

ΚΠ

1900 Chicago Tribune 25 Jan. 12/4 An ordinary rubber surgical mask is fastened on one end of the bulb.]

1916 Brit. Dental Jrnl. 37 357 A far more useful innovation would be for an operator to wear a surgical mask.

1943 C. D. Haagensen & W. E. B. Lloyd Hundred Years of Med. 247 It was some years before surgical masks were generally adopted, but..numerous instances have come to light where unmasked surgeons with sore throats..have infected their patients' wounds.

2020 Brantford (Ont.) Expositor (Nexis) 13 June a2 Surgical masks and N-95 respirators are critical supplies that should be reserved for frontline healthcare workers.

Draft additions September 2016

surgical spirit n. chiefly British a form of denatured alcohol used for cleaning and disinfecting the skin before injections, surgery, etc., and as a household antiseptic; cf. rubbing alcohol n. at rubbing n. Compounds 2.

ΚΠ

1925 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 14 Feb. 316/1 (heading) Antiseptic surgical spirit.

1936 Times 17 Mar. 18/4 Sixpenny bottles of surgical spirit sold as embrocation for football players and athletes.

1987 Epidemiol. & Infection 98 193 A site..in the middle of the back was..swabbed with surgical spirit.

2015 Daily Mirror (N. Ireland) (Nexis) 17 Mar. 30 For yeast-type fungal foot infections, milder cases can be cleared up by thorough daily cleaning with surgical spirit.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1918; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	surgical
释义	surgicaladj.n. Brit. /ˈsəːdʒᵻkl/, U.S. /ˈsərdʒək(ə)l/ Etymology: Alteration of chirurgical adj. after surgeon, surgery. Compare medieval Latin surgicus. 1. a. Pertaining to, dealing with, or employed in surgery or the surgeon's art. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > surgery > [adjective] chirurgical?1541 surgery1639 chirurgic1656 surgical1773 1773 J. Hawkesworth Acct. Voy. Southern Hemisphere III. iii. ix. 461 The vulnerary herbs and surgical art of the country. 1800 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 4 280 A Course of Lectures on Select Surgical Cases in the Hospital. ?c1800 Syd. Smith in Lady Holland Mem. (1855) I. 15 ‘It requires’, he used to say, ‘a surgical operation to get a joke well into a Scotch understanding.’ 1846 C. Holtzapffel Turning & Mech. Manip. II. 911 Surgical scissors are of many forms. 1884 H. Thompson Tumours of Bladder 39 The dusty pages of old surgical writers. 1899 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. VII. 585 The drainage..of the tympano-antral cavities by a surgical opening into the antrum. b. Pathology. Resulting from surgical treatment. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > surgery > [adjective] > resulting from surgery surgical1859 1859 Simpson in Nat. Encycl. I. 150 Not unfrequently followed by Surgical fever. 1890 J. S. Billings National Med. Dict. II S[urgical] kidney, diseased kidney, resulting from..operations on the genito-urinary tract. c. Of garments: worn to cure, correct, or relieve an illness or deformity. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medical appliances or equipment > surgical garments > [adjective] surgical1896 1896 Woman's Life 10 Oct. 200/2 (advt.) Surgical hosiery, belts, etc. 1910 Bradshaw's Railway Guide May (Advt. facing p. xv) Bailey's surgical hose. 1955 W. Gaddis Recognitions i. i. 24 Her mother..done in by a surgical belt salesman from New York. 1974 D. Ramsay No Cause to Kill i. 7 Painfully swollen legs encased in surgical stockings. d. figurative or in figurative contexts. ΚΠ 1939 C. Isherwood Goodbye to Berlin 68 The afternoon he came to say good-bye there was a positively surgical atmosphere in the flat. 1962 Listener 8 Mar. 400/2 Purchase tax—deliberately uneven and at times deliberately surgical in its effect. e. Designating swift and precise military attack, esp. from the air. Originally U.S. ΘΚΠ society > armed hostility > attack > [adjective] > other types of attack feigned1598 overvaulting1879 frontal1884 tip-and-run1891 hit and run1940 pre-emptive1941 banzai1945 surgical1965 kamikaze1966 1965 T. C. Sorensen Kennedy xxiv. 684 The idea of..a so-called ‘surgical’ strike..had appeal to almost everyone first considering the matter, including President Kennedy. 1971 Harper's Mag. Nov. 55 Even the language of the bureaucracy—the diminutive ‘nukes’ for instruments that kill and mutilate millions of human beings, the ‘surgical strike’ for chasing and mowing down peasants from the air by spraying them with 8,000 bullets a minute—takes the mystery, awe, and pain out of violence. 1974 E. Newman Strictly Speaking ii. 63 The war in Indochina produced a host of terms that media folks accepted at their peril: protective reaction strike, surgical bombing, free-fire zone. 1978 Guardian Weekly 5 Mar. 9/3 Moscow might be ready to undertake a surgical strike to take out China's nuclear installations. 2. elliptical as n. A surgical case or ward; †a surgical operation. colloquial. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > surgery > [noun] > a surgical operation operation?a1425 surgical1828 the knife1880 procedure1890 op1925 the world > health and disease > healing > places for the sick or injured > [noun] > hospital or infirmary > hospital ward > types of ward foul ward1734 day ward1801 eye ward1828 casualty ward1836 scarlet ward1888 out-ward1890 observation ward1908 open ward1919 casualty1927 post-op1929 Nightingale ward1930 private1942 surgical1961 SCBU1968 NICU1971 pre-op1991 1828 W. Sewall Diary 1 July (1930) 121/2 Sat off for home, accompanied by Reed's son, for the purpose of having a surgical on his foot. 1961 Woman 18 Mar. 10/4 Had she seen the new nurse on women's surgical? The knife men always had the luck. 1976 C. Storr Unnatural Fathers i. 11 I'm awfully muddled, the way surgicals and medicals are mixed up here. Derivatives ˈsurgically adv. also figurative by the application of, or in relation to, surgical treatment. ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > healing > medical treatment > surgery > [adverb] surgically1805 1805 J. Taylor Let. 25 Jan. in Minutes of Evidence 200 in Parl. Papers 1809 II. 1 The lad was brought to Dublin..and was surgically rejected and dismissed before I received the letter. 1879 St. George's Hosp. Rep. 9 96 The patient..was treated surgically for a left inguinal hernia. 1880 R. Barwell Aneurism 32 All these forms of disease are surgically somewhat peculiar. 1965 Economist 18 Sept. 1074/2 More surgically still, General de Gaulle calls for an ‘interpretation’ of the common market treaty which in fact violates it. Draft additions July 2020 surgical mask n. a mask that covers the mouth and nose and acts as a barrier to the transmission of infectious agents, intended for use by medical personnel performing surgical operations or other procedures requiring aseptic conditions.Quot. 1900 shows a slightly earlier use (probably not a fixed collocation) referring to a mask covering a patient's mouth and nose, used to administer an anaesthetic gas. ΚΠ 1900 Chicago Tribune 25 Jan. 12/4 An ordinary rubber surgical mask is fastened on one end of the bulb.] 1916 Brit. Dental Jrnl. 37 357 A far more useful innovation would be for an operator to wear a surgical mask. 1943 C. D. Haagensen & W. E. B. Lloyd Hundred Years of Med. 247 It was some years before surgical masks were generally adopted, but..numerous instances have come to light where unmasked surgeons with sore throats..have infected their patients' wounds. 2020 Brantford (Ont.) Expositor (Nexis) 13 June a2 Surgical masks and N-95 respirators are critical supplies that should be reserved for frontline healthcare workers. Draft additions September 2016 surgical spirit n. chiefly British a form of denatured alcohol used for cleaning and disinfecting the skin before injections, surgery, etc., and as a household antiseptic; cf. rubbing alcohol n. at rubbing n. Compounds 2. ΚΠ 1925 Brit. Med. Jrnl. 14 Feb. 316/1 (heading) Antiseptic surgical spirit. 1936 Times 17 Mar. 18/4 Sixpenny bottles of surgical spirit sold as embrocation for football players and athletes. 1987 Epidemiol. & Infection 98 193 A site..in the middle of the back was..swabbed with surgical spirit. 2015 Daily Mirror (N. Ireland) (Nexis) 17 Mar. 30 For yeast-type fungal foot infections, milder cases can be cleared up by thorough daily cleaning with surgical spirit. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1918; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.n.1773
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