英语词汇“superorganism”的英英意思、用法、释义、翻译、读音、例句、短语、词组-英语词典

superorganism n.

Brit.

/ˈsuːpərˌɔːɡənɪz(ə)m/

/ˈsuːpərˌɔːɡn̩ɪz(ə)m/

/ˈsjuːpərˌɔːɡənɪz(ə)m/

/ˈsjuːpərˌɔːɡn̩ɪz(ə)m/

U.S.

/ˈsupərˌɔrɡəˌnɪzəm/

chiefly Biology a group or association of organisms which behaves in some respect like a single organism; a complex system consisting of a large number of organisms which itself behaves as if it were an organic whole, as human society, an ecosystem, etc.Reported earlier use by James Hutton has not been verified, though he outlined the concept in 1785 (in a paper published in 1788: see Trans. Royal Soc. Edinb. 1 216).

ΚΠ

1878 W. E. Hearn Aryan Househ. xiii. 296 Superorganisms have their perils not less than the organisms of which they are composed.

a1899 D. G. Brinton Basis Social Relations (1902) i. ii. 39 Many writers..have spoken of the social unit, the group or the nation, as an ‘organism’. Some have further defined it as a ‘super-organism’.

1971 E. O. Wilson Insect Societies (1972) i. 1/2 The giant of all such ‘superorganisms’ is a colony of the African driver ant.

2006 D. H. Erwin Extinction v. 115 This view of reefs as tightly connected and even fragile superorganisms gains support from claims that reefs are one of the first ecosystems to disappear during mass extinctions.

单词	superorganism
释义	> as lemmas superorganism superorganism n. Brit. /ˈsuːpərˌɔːɡənɪz(ə)m/ , /ˈsuːpərˌɔːɡn̩ɪz(ə)m/ , /ˈsjuːpərˌɔːɡənɪz(ə)m/ , /ˈsjuːpərˌɔːɡn̩ɪz(ə)m/ , U.S. /ˈsupərˌɔrɡəˌnɪzəm/ chiefly Biology a group or association of organisms which behaves in some respect like a single organism; a complex system consisting of a large number of organisms which itself behaves as if it were an organic whole, as human society, an ecosystem, etc.Reported earlier use by James Hutton has not been verified, though he outlined the concept in 1785 (in a paper published in 1788: see Trans. Royal Soc. Edinb. 1 216). ΚΠ 1878 W. E. Hearn Aryan Househ. xiii. 296 Superorganisms have their perils not less than the organisms of which they are composed. a1899 D. G. Brinton Basis Social Relations (1902) i. ii. 39 Many writers..have spoken of the social unit, the group or the nation, as an ‘organism’. Some have further defined it as a ‘super-organism’. 1971 E. O. Wilson Insect Societies (1972) i. 1/2 The giant of all such ‘superorganisms’ is a colony of the African driver ant. 2006 D. H. Erwin Extinction v. 115 This view of reefs as tightly connected and even fragile superorganisms gains support from claims that reefs are one of the first ecosystems to disappear during mass extinctions. extracted from super-prefix < as lemmas
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> as lemmas