supernovan.

Brit.

/ˈsuːpəˌnəʊvə/,

/ˌsuːpəˈnəʊvə/,

/ˈsjuːpəˌnəʊvə/,

/ˌsjuːpəˈnəʊvə/, U.S.

/ˈˌsupərˈˌnoʊvə/

Inflections: Plural supernovas, supernovae.

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: super- prefix, nova n.¹

Etymology: < super- prefix + nova n.¹The word was popularized by Fritz Zwicky, who used it in a paper given in November 1933 (see quots. 1933, 1934 at sense 1a), perhaps independently of its use by Knut Lundmark in December 1932 (see quot. 1932 at sense 1a).

a. Astronomy. A catastrophic explosion of a star, which results in a sudden and enormous temporary increase in the star's brightness, disperses all or much of its material, and produces an intense burst of neutrinos, gamma rays, and other radiation. Cf. nova n.¹ 2a.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > star > kind of star > by light > [noun] > nova

new stareOE

nova1833

supernova1932

prenova1956

starburst1977

1932 K. Lundmark in Lund Observatory Circ. No. 8. 218 We find: M_max = −13.5, which places the objects among the ‘upper class’ or super-Novae.

1933 Bakersfield Californian 11 Dec. 5/1 An astounding new theory that cosmic rays are produced by exploding stars known as ‘super-novae’ has startled scientific circles at the California Institute of Technology here. The theory was propounded to a group of astronomers and scientists by Dr. Fritz Zwicky.

1934 W. Baade & F. Zwicky in Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 15 May 254 The extensive investigations of extra-galactic systems..brought to light the..fact that there exist two well-defined types of..novae which might be distinguished as common novae and super-novae.

1947 G. Gamow One Two Three xi. 324 The so-called ‘Crab Nebula’, seen at the place of the supernova of the year 1054, was formed by gases expelled during that explosion.

1976 Sci. Amer. Dec. 89/1 Some supernovas may leave behind cosmic ashes in the form of a neutron star or black hole.

1985 P. Murdin & L. Murdin Supernovae ii. 7/2 Another supernova which was seen in Europe took place in 1006.

1998 Mod. Astronomer Mar. 57/2 By observing a number of Type Ia supernovae ranging from 5 billion to 7.7 billion light-years from the Sun, they can show that the rate of expansion of the Universe has not slowed since the Big Bang.

1999 S. Rushdie Ground beneath her Feet (2000) i. 7 She looked stretched, unstable, too bright, as if she were on the point of flying apart like an exploding lightbulb, like a supernova.

2004 B. Greene Fabric of Cosmos (2005) iii. x. 298 In a type Ia supernova, a white dwarf star..sucks the surface material from a nearby companion star.

b. to go supernova (originally Science Fiction): (of a star) to explode as a supernova. Also figurative.

ΚΠ

1942 Astounding Sci.-Fiction Feb. 6/2 We've considered what might happen if Sol itself went nova. If it should go supernova, no worse could happen; Earth and all life on it would be fused and volatilized in either case.

1965 L. Niven in Galaxy Mag. June 189/1 It could have left the Main Sequence by going supernova or by suddenly expanding into a red giant, but if it had there wouldn't be any inner planets.

1991 D. Coupland Generation X iii. xxix. 162 Ski boots are the worst. Solid plastic. They'll be around till the sun goes supernova.

1993 Country Aug. 21/1 Garth Brooks is..a mega-star who hasn't allowed his ego to go super-nova.

2000 A. Calcutt Brit Cult 433/2 Welsh's success (‘the novel went supernova’, he says of Trainspotting ) prompted a wave of imitators.

2008 R. Zimmerman Universe in Mirror Pl. 25 (caption) In fact, recent data even suggest that Eta Carinae could go supernova at any time.

2. figurative. Something resembling a supernova, esp. in being brilliant or explosive.

ΚΠ

1962 New Scientist 19 July 155/1 So far as Mr Maudling is concerned..these high hopes may be justified... For my taste Mr Thorneycroft is a less heartening supernova.

1974 State (Columbia, S. Carolina) 1 Apr. 10 a/1 As far as the networks were concerned, the satiric supernova had burned out.

1997 P. Stump Digital Gothic i. 41 Kaiser's Kosmische Music entourage had fallen apart in a supernova of fraud, drugs, occultism and boho penury.

2006 enRoute (Air Canada) Jan. 61/1 In the grand scheme of obsessive urban behaviour, the Paris Situationists were a kind of supernova.

Compounds

C1.

supernova explosion n.

ΚΠ

1941 Science Suppl. 3 Jan. 10/2 The outer layers of the star, heated by the compression, will lead to a large increase of the observed luminosity, which will be registered by astronomers as a nova, or supernova, explosion.

1975 Sci. Amer. Mar. 29/2 The Crab Nebula is the remnant of a supernova explosion.

2005 BBC Focus Dec. 64/2 A host of explanations for the star and its behaviour have been put forward, ranging from a supernova explosion to ball-lightning and even a UFO.

C2.

supernova remnant n. an expanding shell of material created by the ejection of the outer layers of a star that explodes as a supernova.

ΚΠ

1950 F. Hoyle Nature of Universe iv. 81 Once the supernova remnant had receded to an appreciable distance, the temperature of the main bulk of the gas in the disk must have fallen well below the freezing point of water.

1978 J. M. Pasachoff & M. L. Kutner University Astron. xi. 296 Optical astronomers have photographed two dozen of these stellar shreds, which are known as supernova remnants.

2007 H. Svensmark & N. Calder Chilling Stars ii. 41 At any one time, thousands of supernova remnants are busy handing out their gifts of chemical elements and spraying the Milky Way with galactic cosmic rays.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	supernova
释义	supernovan. Brit. /ˈsuːpəˌnəʊvə/, /ˌsuːpəˈnəʊvə/, /ˈsjuːpəˌnəʊvə/, /ˌsjuːpəˈnəʊvə/, U.S. /ˈˌsupərˈˌnoʊvə/ Inflections: Plural supernovas, supernovae. Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: super- prefix, nova n.¹ Etymology: < super- prefix + nova n.¹The word was popularized by Fritz Zwicky, who used it in a paper given in November 1933 (see quots. 1933, 1934 at sense 1a), perhaps independently of its use by Knut Lundmark in December 1932 (see quot. 1932 at sense 1a). 1. a. Astronomy. A catastrophic explosion of a star, which results in a sudden and enormous temporary increase in the star's brightness, disperses all or much of its material, and produces an intense burst of neutrinos, gamma rays, and other radiation. Cf. nova n.¹ 2a. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > star > kind of star > by light > [noun] > nova new stareOE nova1833 supernova1932 prenova1956 starburst1977 1932 K. Lundmark in Lund Observatory Circ. No. 8. 218 We find: M_max = −13.5, which places the objects among the ‘upper class’ or super-Novae. 1933 Bakersfield Californian 11 Dec. 5/1 An astounding new theory that cosmic rays are produced by exploding stars known as ‘super-novae’ has startled scientific circles at the California Institute of Technology here. The theory was propounded to a group of astronomers and scientists by Dr. Fritz Zwicky. 1934 W. Baade & F. Zwicky in Proc. National Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 15 May 254 The extensive investigations of extra-galactic systems..brought to light the..fact that there exist two well-defined types of..novae which might be distinguished as common novae and super-novae. 1947 G. Gamow One Two Three xi. 324 The so-called ‘Crab Nebula’, seen at the place of the supernova of the year 1054, was formed by gases expelled during that explosion. 1976 Sci. Amer. Dec. 89/1 Some supernovas may leave behind cosmic ashes in the form of a neutron star or black hole. 1985 P. Murdin & L. Murdin Supernovae ii. 7/2 Another supernova which was seen in Europe took place in 1006. 1998 Mod. Astronomer Mar. 57/2 By observing a number of Type Ia supernovae ranging from 5 billion to 7.7 billion light-years from the Sun, they can show that the rate of expansion of the Universe has not slowed since the Big Bang. 1999 S. Rushdie Ground beneath her Feet (2000) i. 7 She looked stretched, unstable, too bright, as if she were on the point of flying apart like an exploding lightbulb, like a supernova. 2004 B. Greene Fabric of Cosmos (2005) iii. x. 298 In a type Ia supernova, a white dwarf star..sucks the surface material from a nearby companion star. b. to go supernova (originally Science Fiction): (of a star) to explode as a supernova. Also figurative. ΚΠ 1942 Astounding Sci.-Fiction Feb. 6/2 We've considered what might happen if Sol itself went nova. If it should go supernova, no worse could happen; Earth and all life on it would be fused and volatilized in either case. 1965 L. Niven in Galaxy Mag. June 189/1 It could have left the Main Sequence by going supernova or by suddenly expanding into a red giant, but if it had there wouldn't be any inner planets. 1991 D. Coupland Generation X iii. xxix. 162 Ski boots are the worst. Solid plastic. They'll be around till the sun goes supernova. 1993 Country Aug. 21/1 Garth Brooks is..a mega-star who hasn't allowed his ego to go super-nova. 2000 A. Calcutt Brit Cult 433/2 Welsh's success (‘the novel went supernova’, he says of Trainspotting ) prompted a wave of imitators. 2008 R. Zimmerman Universe in Mirror Pl. 25 (caption) In fact, recent data even suggest that Eta Carinae could go supernova at any time. 2. figurative. Something resembling a supernova, esp. in being brilliant or explosive. ΚΠ 1962 New Scientist 19 July 155/1 So far as Mr Maudling is concerned..these high hopes may be justified... For my taste Mr Thorneycroft is a less heartening supernova. 1974 State (Columbia, S. Carolina) 1 Apr. 10 a/1 As far as the networks were concerned, the satiric supernova had burned out. 1997 P. Stump Digital Gothic i. 41 Kaiser's Kosmische Music entourage had fallen apart in a supernova of fraud, drugs, occultism and boho penury. 2006 enRoute (Air Canada) Jan. 61/1 In the grand scheme of obsessive urban behaviour, the Paris Situationists were a kind of supernova. Compounds C1. supernova explosion n. ΚΠ 1941 Science Suppl. 3 Jan. 10/2 The outer layers of the star, heated by the compression, will lead to a large increase of the observed luminosity, which will be registered by astronomers as a nova, or supernova, explosion. 1975 Sci. Amer. Mar. 29/2 The Crab Nebula is the remnant of a supernova explosion. 2005 BBC Focus Dec. 64/2 A host of explanations for the star and its behaviour have been put forward, ranging from a supernova explosion to ball-lightning and even a UFO. C2. supernova remnant n. an expanding shell of material created by the ejection of the outer layers of a star that explodes as a supernova. ΚΠ 1950 F. Hoyle Nature of Universe iv. 81 Once the supernova remnant had receded to an appreciable distance, the temperature of the main bulk of the gas in the disk must have fallen well below the freezing point of water. 1978 J. M. Pasachoff & M. L. Kutner University Astron. xi. 296 Optical astronomers have photographed two dozen of these stellar shreds, which are known as supernova remnants. 2007 H. Svensmark & N. Calder Chilling Stars ii. 41 At any one time, thousands of supernova remnants are busy handing out their gifts of chemical elements and spraying the Milky Way with galactic cosmic rays. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1932
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