supergiantn.adj.

Brit.

/ˈsuːpəˌdʒʌɪənt/,

/ˈsjuːpəˌdʒʌɪənt/, U.S.

/ˈsupərˌdʒaɪənt/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: super- prefix, giant n.

Etymology: < super- prefix + giant n.With sense A. 2a compare earlier red giant n.

A. n.

1. A person or (more usually) a thing that is extremely large, or has great power, influence, or importance; esp. a very large or powerful company or business: cf. giant n. 1c.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > business affairs > a business or company > [noun] > large or powerful company

monopoly1871

price leader1898

supergiant1910

corporate1945

giant1958

chaebol1972

1910 Times 26 Aug. 12/2 The amalgamation makes Parr's one of the giants of the banking world, though not one of the ‘super-giants’. It is none the worse..for not being so ultra-gigantic.

1932 R. Halliburton Flying Carpet xxvi. 272 Here before us..stretched a chain of super-giants containing nearly one hundred and fifty mountains higher than Aconcagua!

1952 Pop. Mech. June 81/1 On the coast of southern Virginia, there's a world of supergiants. Rumbling monster cranes towering 14 stories into the sky stud the horizon.

1987 B. G. Ramcharan Keeping Faith with United Nations iii. 51 The United States, one of the two super-giants, pays a quarter of the budget of the United Nations.

1993 G. E. Pilkington Time Remembered 37 It was as though a super giant were playfully picking up the ship and plopping it back again for his amusement.

2005 B. J. Levine Resolving Racial Confl. ix. 188 A wave of mergers and acquisitions was threatening to reduce the number of major breweries to no more than half a dozen or so supergiants.

2. Astronomy.

a. A star which is placed above the giants (giant n. 2c) on the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram, being significantly more luminous and more massive than giant stars of the same spectral type. (The dominant sense.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > star > kind of star > giant > [noun] > supergiant

supergiant1919

1919 W. H. Pickering in Publ. Astron. Soc. Pacific 31 89 There seems to be only one way of avoiding the difficulty of supposing all the bright stars of Orion to be supergiants.

1927 H. N. Russell et al. Astron. II. xxi. 725 Certain very bright stars, much more brilliant than the ordinary giants, are sometimes called super-giants.

1959 Listener 26 Feb. 370/2 A very brilliant white super-giant such as Rigel.

1978 J. M. Pasachoff & M. L. Kutner University Astron. xi. 294 The sun..is only one-millionth as luminous as the most brilliant of the red supergiants.

2007 New Scientist 7 Apr. 35/2 Astronomers had never before seen a star that was simultaneously so big and so cool... They called it an L-type supergiant.

b. A supergiant galaxy (see sense B. 2b).

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > constellation > galaxy > [noun]

galaxy1698

universe1738

star system1833

island-universe1867

nebula1924

supergiant1974

1974 G. A. Tammann in M. S. Longair Confrontation Cosmol. Theories Observational Data 48 The distant galaxies considered tend to be giants or supergiants.

1975 S. van den Bergh in A. Sandage et al. Stars & Stellar Syst. IX. xii. 531 Assuming the brightest stars in the Sc giant galaxy M33 to be similar to those in the Sc supergiant M100.

2008 H. Ross Why Universe is Way it is iv. 70 The Milky Way Galaxy finds itself in a tiny cluster of galaxies without any giants or supergiants nearby.

3. An exceptionally rich deposit of oil (or occasionally gas), spec. an oilfield expected to yield in excess of five billion barrels of oil.

ΚΠ

1967 Public Utilities Fortn. 5 Jan. 34/1 We have never found, below 6,000 feet, any reservoir remotely comparable in size to these supergiants.

1976 Amer. Scientist 64 536/3 Among these Middle Eastern fields are ten supergiants containing recoverable reserves of oil ranging from 10 to 75 billion barrels.

1987 Platt's Oilgram News (Nexis) 6 Apr. 2 The future of Soviet oil production lies in development of new..fields in Siberia. ‘The Soviets won't run out of oil, but there are no super giants.’

2007 S. LeVine Oil & Glory 93 The Americans distrusted Soviet estimates that Korolev was a supergiant of 1 to 2 billion barrels. But it could easily contain 750 million barrels, which would qualify it as a still-respectable ‘giant’.

B. adj.

1. In general sense: extremely large.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > largeness > [adjective] > huge

unmeeteOE

unmeetlyOE

hugea1275

hideousc1330

infinitec1385

unmeasureda1398

unmeasurablec1405

hugyc1420

immeasurable1440

ingentc1450

unmeetlyc1450

giant1480

immense1490

monstrous?a1513

unmeasurely1513

hugeousa1529

unportable1537

enormous1544

enormc1560

giantly1561

immensible1579

rouncival1582

dismeasured1584

vast1585

immeasured1590

gargantuan1596

omnipotent1596

colossian1601

immane1601

prodigious1601

Polyphemian1602

Titanian1603

titanical1603

gigantical1604

immensive1604

gigantine1605

colossic1607

gigantean1611

Gogmagotical1612

gigantal?1614

Babylonian1617

leviathan1625

titanic1628

elephantine1631

gigantive1638

colossean1644

decumanal1652

immensurate1654

gigant1658

decuman1659

colossal1664

abnormous1710

Brobdingnagian1728

Brobdingnag1731

Pantagruelian1737

heroic1785

Patagonian1786

seven-league1787

Titan1793

gigantic1797

seven-leagued1799

mammoth1801

dimensionless1813

tremendous1813

gigantesque1821

monster1837

titanesque1838

monstre1840

giantlike1847

leviathanic1848

pythonic1851

Babylonic1853

supercolossal1871

giantesque1909

behemothian1910

supergiant1919

ginormous1942

big-ass1945

Ozymandian1961

fuck-off1962

mega1968

humongous1970

monstro1970

big-assed1972

big-arsed1996

1919 E. Stone Battery B thru Fires of France xxxviii. 162 Night bombing was carried out by the Giant Gotha, and this machine, prior to the advent of the super-giant Handley-Page, was preponderant in size and poignant with possibilities.

1965 Rotarian Dec. 36/1 [This] clever new toy bug looks like a supergiant brightly colored ladybug.

1977 Time 1 Aug. 37/1 In June a high-pressure air mass began building up just east of the Rockies. It stayed there, with some up-and-down movement of air, and slowly turned into a supergiant oven.

2010 W. Klein Inside Stories of Mod. Polit. Scandals v. 91 The collapse of the supergiant company was perceived by Bush's political detractors and the media to have had a negative impact on the White House.

2. Astronomy.

a. Designating a massive luminous star of the class distinguished as supergiants (see sense A. 2a); of or relating to such a star.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > star > kind of star > giant > [adjective] > supergiant

supergiant1923

1923 Harvard Coll. Observatory Bull. No. 796. 2 Possibly the best estimate of the order of the distance..may be obtained by assuming that the super-giant stars of magnitude 18.5 have absolute photographic magnitudes of −3 to −4.

1925 Harvard Coll. Observatory Circular No. 289. 1 But ι¹ Scorpii has a characteristic super-giant spectrum.

1973 Daily Tel. 29 Sept. 13/1 Under the best conditions it might be possible with glasses to glimpse the red supergiant star Antares in Scorpius.

1992 S. P. Maran Astron. & Astrophysics Encycl. 717/1 The R Coronae Borealis (R CrB) and HdC stars are hydrogen-deficient supergiant carbon stars.

2001 D. Weldrake in P. Moore 2002 Yearbk. Astron. ii. 181 Such large starspots have been observed on red supergiant stars such as Betelgeux.

b. Of a galaxy: exceptionally large and bright; spec. belonging to the brightest of five luminosity classes.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the universe > constellation > galaxy > [adjective]

irregular1811

galactic1834

supergiant1930

peculiar1936

1930 H. Shapley Flights from Chaos xiii. 143 Probably the majority of the members in most clouds are fainter than the limit of the photographic plate—we can deal only with the giant and supergiant galaxies, because, as with star clusters, we are telescopically limited to studies of only the most luminous members.

1960 S. van den Bergh in Astrophysical Jrnl. 131 216 The nomenclature for the luminosity classes has been chosen to agree with that used in the Yerkes system of stellar luminosity classification: (I) supergiant galaxy, (II) bright giant galaxy, (III) normal giant galaxy, (IV) subgiant galaxy, and (V) dwarf galaxy.

1978 Sci. Amer. Nov. 103/1 It [sc. the Perseus cluster]..harbors a centrally located supergiant elliptical galaxy, which is a strong radio source and is surrounded by an X-ray-emitting cloud and a massive halo of stars.

2007 M. Lynch Canada Starwatch ii. 23/2 Some of the super giant galaxies of our known universe have possibly 3-billion-plus-solar-mass black holes in their celestial downtowns.

3. Designating an exceptionally rich deposit of oil (or occasionally gas); of or relating to such a deposit.

ΚΠ

1967 Public Utilities Fortn. 5 Jan. 34/1 Another factor which may help to account for the existence of the supergiant hydrocarbon reservoirs near the surface.

1976 Amer. Scientist 64 536/3 A supergiant field is one containing 10 billion barrels (1.4 billion metric tons) or more of recoverable oil or 60 trillion cubic feet (1.7 trillion cubic meters) or more of recoverable gas.

1983 A. P. de Oliveira in F. Saddy Arab-Latin Amer. Relations iv. 44 The critical event in the move to giant fields was the blowout in the United States (1930) of the East Texas field, the only supergiant field discovered to date in the continental United States.

1995 R. Hill et al. Future of Energy Use v. 91/1 Table 5.10 lists the giant and supergiant gas fields that had been discovered by 1977. There are now 125 gas fields in these two categories.

2007 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 4 Nov. i. 12/4 West Qurna..is one of a dozen or so supergiant oil fields in the world,..fields so large they can tip the fortunes of companies or countries.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	supergiant
释义	supergiantn.adj. Brit. /ˈsuːpəˌdʒʌɪənt/, /ˈsjuːpəˌdʒʌɪənt/, U.S. /ˈsupərˌdʒaɪənt/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: super- prefix, giant n. Etymology: < super- prefix + giant n.With sense A. 2a compare earlier red giant n. A. n. 1. A person or (more usually) a thing that is extremely large, or has great power, influence, or importance; esp. a very large or powerful company or business: cf. giant n. 1c. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > business affairs > a business or company > [noun] > large or powerful company monopoly1871 price leader1898 supergiant1910 corporate1945 giant1958 chaebol1972 1910 Times 26 Aug. 12/2 The amalgamation makes Parr's one of the giants of the banking world, though not one of the ‘super-giants’. It is none the worse..for not being so ultra-gigantic. 1932 R. Halliburton Flying Carpet xxvi. 272 Here before us..stretched a chain of super-giants containing nearly one hundred and fifty mountains higher than Aconcagua! 1952 Pop. Mech. June 81/1 On the coast of southern Virginia, there's a world of supergiants. Rumbling monster cranes towering 14 stories into the sky stud the horizon. 1987 B. G. Ramcharan Keeping Faith with United Nations iii. 51 The United States, one of the two super-giants, pays a quarter of the budget of the United Nations. 1993 G. E. Pilkington Time Remembered 37 It was as though a super giant were playfully picking up the ship and plopping it back again for his amusement. 2005 B. J. Levine Resolving Racial Confl. ix. 188 A wave of mergers and acquisitions was threatening to reduce the number of major breweries to no more than half a dozen or so supergiants. 2. Astronomy. a. A star which is placed above the giants (giant n. 2c) on the Hertzsprung–Russell diagram, being significantly more luminous and more massive than giant stars of the same spectral type. (The dominant sense.) ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > star > kind of star > giant > [noun] > supergiant supergiant1919 1919 W. H. Pickering in Publ. Astron. Soc. Pacific 31 89 There seems to be only one way of avoiding the difficulty of supposing all the bright stars of Orion to be supergiants. 1927 H. N. Russell et al. Astron. II. xxi. 725 Certain very bright stars, much more brilliant than the ordinary giants, are sometimes called super-giants. 1959 Listener 26 Feb. 370/2 A very brilliant white super-giant such as Rigel. 1978 J. M. Pasachoff & M. L. Kutner University Astron. xi. 294 The sun..is only one-millionth as luminous as the most brilliant of the red supergiants. 2007 New Scientist 7 Apr. 35/2 Astronomers had never before seen a star that was simultaneously so big and so cool... They called it an L-type supergiant. b. A supergiant galaxy (see sense B. 2b). ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > constellation > galaxy > [noun] galaxy1698 universe1738 star system1833 island-universe1867 nebula1924 supergiant1974 1974 G. A. Tammann in M. S. Longair Confrontation Cosmol. Theories Observational Data 48 The distant galaxies considered tend to be giants or supergiants. 1975 S. van den Bergh in A. Sandage et al. Stars & Stellar Syst. IX. xii. 531 Assuming the brightest stars in the Sc giant galaxy M33 to be similar to those in the Sc supergiant M100. 2008 H. Ross Why Universe is Way it is iv. 70 The Milky Way Galaxy finds itself in a tiny cluster of galaxies without any giants or supergiants nearby. 3. An exceptionally rich deposit of oil (or occasionally gas), spec. an oilfield expected to yield in excess of five billion barrels of oil. ΚΠ 1967 Public Utilities Fortn. 5 Jan. 34/1 We have never found, below 6,000 feet, any reservoir remotely comparable in size to these supergiants. 1976 Amer. Scientist 64 536/3 Among these Middle Eastern fields are ten supergiants containing recoverable reserves of oil ranging from 10 to 75 billion barrels. 1987 Platt's Oilgram News (Nexis) 6 Apr. 2 The future of Soviet oil production lies in development of new..fields in Siberia. ‘The Soviets won't run out of oil, but there are no super giants.’ 2007 S. LeVine Oil & Glory 93 The Americans distrusted Soviet estimates that Korolev was a supergiant of 1 to 2 billion barrels. But it could easily contain 750 million barrels, which would qualify it as a still-respectable ‘giant’. B. adj. 1. In general sense: extremely large. ΘΚΠ the world > space > extension in space > measurable spatial extent > largeness > [adjective] > huge unmeeteOE unmeetlyOE hugea1275 hideousc1330 infinitec1385 unmeasureda1398 unmeasurablec1405 hugyc1420 immeasurable1440 ingentc1450 unmeetlyc1450 giant1480 immense1490 monstrous?a1513 unmeasurely1513 hugeousa1529 unportable1537 enormous1544 enormc1560 giantly1561 immensible1579 rouncival1582 dismeasured1584 vast1585 immeasured1590 gargantuan1596 omnipotent1596 colossian1601 immane1601 prodigious1601 Polyphemian1602 Titanian1603 titanical1603 gigantical1604 immensive1604 gigantine1605 colossic1607 gigantean1611 Gogmagotical1612 gigantal?1614 Babylonian1617 leviathan1625 titanic1628 elephantine1631 gigantive1638 colossean1644 decumanal1652 immensurate1654 gigant1658 decuman1659 colossal1664 abnormous1710 Brobdingnagian1728 Brobdingnag1731 Pantagruelian1737 heroic1785 Patagonian1786 seven-league1787 Titan1793 gigantic1797 seven-leagued1799 mammoth1801 dimensionless1813 tremendous1813 gigantesque1821 monster1837 titanesque1838 monstre1840 giantlike1847 leviathanic1848 pythonic1851 Babylonic1853 supercolossal1871 giantesque1909 behemothian1910 supergiant1919 ginormous1942 big-ass1945 Ozymandian1961 fuck-off1962 mega1968 humongous1970 monstro1970 big-assed1972 big-arsed1996 1919 E. Stone Battery B thru Fires of France xxxviii. 162 Night bombing was carried out by the Giant Gotha, and this machine, prior to the advent of the super-giant Handley-Page, was preponderant in size and poignant with possibilities. 1965 Rotarian Dec. 36/1 [This] clever new toy bug looks like a supergiant brightly colored ladybug. 1977 Time 1 Aug. 37/1 In June a high-pressure air mass began building up just east of the Rockies. It stayed there, with some up-and-down movement of air, and slowly turned into a supergiant oven. 2010 W. Klein Inside Stories of Mod. Polit. Scandals v. 91 The collapse of the supergiant company was perceived by Bush's political detractors and the media to have had a negative impact on the White House. 2. Astronomy. a. Designating a massive luminous star of the class distinguished as supergiants (see sense A. 2a); of or relating to such a star. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > star > kind of star > giant > [adjective] > supergiant supergiant1923 1923 Harvard Coll. Observatory Bull. No. 796. 2 Possibly the best estimate of the order of the distance..may be obtained by assuming that the super-giant stars of magnitude 18.5 have absolute photographic magnitudes of −3 to −4. 1925 Harvard Coll. Observatory Circular No. 289. 1 But ι¹ Scorpii has a characteristic super-giant spectrum. 1973 Daily Tel. 29 Sept. 13/1 Under the best conditions it might be possible with glasses to glimpse the red supergiant star Antares in Scorpius. 1992 S. P. Maran Astron. & Astrophysics Encycl. 717/1 The R Coronae Borealis (R CrB) and HdC stars are hydrogen-deficient supergiant carbon stars. 2001 D. Weldrake in P. Moore 2002 Yearbk. Astron. ii. 181 Such large starspots have been observed on red supergiant stars such as Betelgeux. b. Of a galaxy: exceptionally large and bright; spec. belonging to the brightest of five luminosity classes. ΘΚΠ the world > the universe > constellation > galaxy > [adjective] irregular1811 galactic1834 supergiant1930 peculiar1936 1930 H. Shapley Flights from Chaos xiii. 143 Probably the majority of the members in most clouds are fainter than the limit of the photographic plate—we can deal only with the giant and supergiant galaxies, because, as with star clusters, we are telescopically limited to studies of only the most luminous members. 1960 S. van den Bergh in Astrophysical Jrnl. 131 216 The nomenclature for the luminosity classes has been chosen to agree with that used in the Yerkes system of stellar luminosity classification: (I) supergiant galaxy, (II) bright giant galaxy, (III) normal giant galaxy, (IV) subgiant galaxy, and (V) dwarf galaxy. 1978 Sci. Amer. Nov. 103/1 It [sc. the Perseus cluster]..harbors a centrally located supergiant elliptical galaxy, which is a strong radio source and is surrounded by an X-ray-emitting cloud and a massive halo of stars. 2007 M. Lynch Canada Starwatch ii. 23/2 Some of the super giant galaxies of our known universe have possibly 3-billion-plus-solar-mass black holes in their celestial downtowns. 3. Designating an exceptionally rich deposit of oil (or occasionally gas); of or relating to such a deposit. ΚΠ 1967 Public Utilities Fortn. 5 Jan. 34/1 Another factor which may help to account for the existence of the supergiant hydrocarbon reservoirs near the surface. 1976 Amer. Scientist 64 536/3 A supergiant field is one containing 10 billion barrels (1.4 billion metric tons) or more of recoverable oil or 60 trillion cubic feet (1.7 trillion cubic meters) or more of recoverable gas. 1983 A. P. de Oliveira in F. Saddy Arab-Latin Amer. Relations iv. 44 The critical event in the move to giant fields was the blowout in the United States (1930) of the East Texas field, the only supergiant field discovered to date in the continental United States. 1995 R. Hill et al. Future of Energy Use v. 91/1 Table 5.10 lists the giant and supergiant gas fields that had been discovered by 1977. There are now 125 gas fields in these two categories. 2007 N.Y. Times (National ed.) 4 Nov. i. 12/4 West Qurna..is one of a dozen or so supergiant oil fields in the world,..fields so large they can tip the fortunes of companies or countries. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.adj.1910
随便看	stanchion-bar stanchion-gun stanchion-post stanchion-rope stanchion-waste stanchionbar stanchioned stanchiongun stanchioning stanchionpost stanchionrope stanchions stanchionwaste stanchless stanchlessly stand stand a chance stand a etc chance stand a good chance stand a hazard stand a or one's watch stand a person in stand a person in etc service stand a person in etc stead stand a person in good stead