| 单词 | supralittoral | 
| 释义 | > as lemmassupralittoral   supralittoral adj. (and n.)  Brit. , U.S. Ecology situated immediately above the limit of high tides; spec. designating an ecological zone extending from mean high tide to the limit of the influence of sea spray; also as n., such a zone. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > balance of nature > environment or habitat > 			[noun]		 > types of supralittoral1839 refuge1889 refugium1902 home range1904 open vegetation1905 open community1909 controlled environment1914 palaeoenvironment1957 the world > life > biology > balance of nature > environment or habitat > 			[adjective]		 > conditions of waterish1579 supralittoral1839 trophic1902 thermostabile1908 oligotrophic1911 saprobic1913 mosaic1919 mesic1926 xeric1926 trophogenic1930 tropholytic1931 saprobiotic1940 oligotropic1948 saprotrophic1948 mixohaline1959 thermoneutral1961 eutrophicated1967 1839    C. Darwin in  Philos. Trans. 		(Royal Soc.)	 129 55  				So as to allow of the upper part being considered as a supralittoral delta. 1913    Jrnl. Ecol. 1 210  				No sharp line can be drawn between the supralittoral and littoral vegetation. 1949    T. A. Stephenson  & A. Stephenson in  Jrnl. Ecol. 37 298  				We therefore formally propose that the three main zones of the shore be called: Supralittoral Fringe, Midlittoral Zone, Infralittoral Fringe. 1967    Oceanogr. & Marine Biol. 5 464  				The plants and animals living in the supralittoral zone can either tolerate or need a permanent or almost permanent emersion, but with moistening by sprays and waves. 2002    J. Lundberg  & S.-E. Lauritzen in  K. Hewitt et al.  Landscapes Transition viii. 191  				The supra-littoral shows the best developed and largest bowls. < as lemmas | 
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