| 单词 | superstrate influence | 
| 释义 | > as lemmassuperstrate influence   attributive in sense  2, as  superstrate influence,  superstrate language, etc. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > 			[adjective]		 > terms relating to language change or development primitive1687 inorganic1861 polygenetic1863 anomalistic1881 sandhi1888 language contact1911 processual1918 neo-linguistic1937 superstrate1958 adstrate1963 adstratal1968 the mind > language > 			[noun]		 > linguistic change > specific features or processes involved in > language causing change in another superstratum1939 superstrate1958 superstrate language1958 adstrate1963 1958Superstrate language [see sense  2].							 1972    Hispania 55 857/1  				Spanish is the superstrate language to which Papiamentu is most closely related. 1980    Amer. Speech 55 15  				It may well be that after the removal of English superstrate influence..creole English was in some respects re-Africanized. 1991    Lang. in Society 20 482  				There is much written on..superstrate and adstrate contributions. 2003    Mod. Lang. Rev. 98 473  				This chapter takes a sprint through the relevant varieties of Latin and the substrate, adstrate, and superstrate languages in question. < as lemmas | 
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