supercoiln.

Brit.

/ˈsuːpəkɔɪl/,

/ˈsjuːpəkɔɪl/, U.S.

/ˈsupərˌkɔɪl/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: super- prefix, coil n.³

Etymology: < super- prefix + coil n.³ Compare later superhelix n.

1. An exceptionally large, powerful, or useful coil. Chiefly in brand names.Used esp. in connection with suspension and ignition systems in motor vehicles.

ΚΠ

1880 Liverpool Mercury 9 Feb. 7/3 The gun's bore was taken from the sand intact, whilst only part of the wrought-iron supercoil remained around it.

1910 Amer. Motorist June 240/3 (advt.) ‘Super-coils’ worth their weight in gold to any Auto if it rides easily when partly loaded, but bumps when fully loaded.

1953 Pop. Sci. Apr. 73/2 (advt.) Double Action Crumbliss Super Coil permits 40 to 50 thousandths plug settings.

1997 Cabinet Maker (Nexis) 28 Nov. 32 The Centurion is available with standard Bonnell spring interior or with Airsprung's Supercoil extra firm spring units.

2005 Oil & Gas Jrnl. (Nexis) 19 Sept. 62 Precision has 10 regular CTD rigs and one ‘supercoil’ CTD rig (814CT) rated to 2,000 m.

2006 J. Kartalamakis Alfa Romeo DOHC Engine High-Performance Man. iii. 87/1 As far as coils go I can recommend the Marelli BK3A or Bosch Super-coil.

2. Chiefly Biochemistry. A coiled coil; spec. a structure sometimes assumed by DNA in which the double helix itself is coiled or looped. Cf. superhelix n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > genetic components > [noun] > nucleic acid > DNA > parts of or structures occurring on

supercoil1939

nucleosome1975

1939 New Phytologist 38 327 The chromosomes usually show some supercoils.

1965 A. R. Peacocke & R. B. Drysdale Molecular Basis Heredity iv. 168 In the fibre, these molecules take the form of ‘super-coils’ in which the axis of the DNA helix is itself coiled with a pitch of 120Å and a diameter of 100Å.

1980 Sci. Amer. July 100/2 Because the forces that stabilize the double helix are strong the closed circular molecules resist such underwinding, and..they compensate by forming supercoils.

2004 C. R. Calladine et al. Understanding DNA (ed. 3) v. 94 The spiral path of DNA is usually described as a ‘superhelix’ or ‘supercoil’. This is because we know that DNA thread itself has a local helical, twisted structure.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

supercoilv.

Brit.

/ˈsuːpəkɔɪl/,

/ˈsjuːpəkɔɪl/, U.S.

/ˈsupərˌkɔɪl/

Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: supercoil n.

Etymology: < supercoil n. Compare earlier supercoiled adj., supercoiling n.

Chiefly Biochemistry.

1. transitive. To make (a molecule, structure, etc.) into a supercoil.

ΚΠ

1963 Jrnl. Molecular Biol. 6 423 Meshing between helices can be achieved by supercoiling the axis of each helix.

1971 Nature 29 Oct. 591/2 Segrest and Cunningham start with the tropocollagen molecule, a three-strand rope formed by supercoiling two identical helices termed α₁ and α₂.

1987 New Scientist 19 Feb. 62/4 Enzymes related to gyrase..are able only to relax, not supercoil, DNA.

2010 N. P. Higgins et al. in R. T. Dame & C. J. Dorman Bacterial Chromatin 118 This discovery predicted an enzyme that can supercoil DNA.

2. intransitive. To form a supercoil.

ΚΠ

1975 Jrnl. Biol. Chem. 250 1079/1 When circular λ DNA supercoils more tightly, as it does in high salt, it might reach a state where it is energetically more favorable to alter the B form of the primary helix than to supercoil.

1982 Sci. Amer. July 87/1 When the ethidium is removed, the ring [of DNA] supercoils.

2008 B. Pierce Genetics 287/2 Overrotation or underrotation of a DNA double helix places strain on the molecule, causing it to supercoil.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	supercoil
释义	supercoiln. Brit. /ˈsuːpəkɔɪl/, /ˈsjuːpəkɔɪl/, U.S. /ˈsupərˌkɔɪl/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: super- prefix, coil n.³ Etymology: < super- prefix + coil n.³ Compare later superhelix n. 1. An exceptionally large, powerful, or useful coil. Chiefly in brand names.Used esp. in connection with suspension and ignition systems in motor vehicles. ΚΠ 1880 Liverpool Mercury 9 Feb. 7/3 The gun's bore was taken from the sand intact, whilst only part of the wrought-iron supercoil remained around it. 1910 Amer. Motorist June 240/3 (advt.) ‘Super-coils’ worth their weight in gold to any Auto if it rides easily when partly loaded, but bumps when fully loaded. 1953 Pop. Sci. Apr. 73/2 (advt.) Double Action Crumbliss Super Coil permits 40 to 50 thousandths plug settings. 1997 Cabinet Maker (Nexis) 28 Nov. 32 The Centurion is available with standard Bonnell spring interior or with Airsprung's Supercoil extra firm spring units. 2005 Oil & Gas Jrnl. (Nexis) 19 Sept. 62 Precision has 10 regular CTD rigs and one ‘supercoil’ CTD rig (814CT) rated to 2,000 m. 2006 J. Kartalamakis Alfa Romeo DOHC Engine High-Performance Man. iii. 87/1 As far as coils go I can recommend the Marelli BK3A or Bosch Super-coil. 2. Chiefly Biochemistry. A coiled coil; spec. a structure sometimes assumed by DNA in which the double helix itself is coiled or looped. Cf. superhelix n. ΘΚΠ the world > life > biology > biological processes > genetic activity > genetic components > [noun] > nucleic acid > DNA > parts of or structures occurring on supercoil1939 nucleosome1975 1939 New Phytologist 38 327 The chromosomes usually show some supercoils. 1965 A. R. Peacocke & R. B. Drysdale Molecular Basis Heredity iv. 168 In the fibre, these molecules take the form of ‘super-coils’ in which the axis of the DNA helix is itself coiled with a pitch of 120Å and a diameter of 100Å. 1980 Sci. Amer. July 100/2 Because the forces that stabilize the double helix are strong the closed circular molecules resist such underwinding, and..they compensate by forming supercoils. 2004 C. R. Calladine et al. Understanding DNA (ed. 3) v. 94 The spiral path of DNA is usually described as a ‘superhelix’ or ‘supercoil’. This is because we know that DNA thread itself has a local helical, twisted structure. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022). supercoilv. Brit. /ˈsuːpəkɔɪl/, /ˈsjuːpəkɔɪl/, U.S. /ˈsupərˌkɔɪl/ Origin: Formed within English, by conversion. Etymon: supercoil n. Etymology: < supercoil n. Compare earlier supercoiled adj., supercoiling n. Chiefly Biochemistry. 1. transitive. To make (a molecule, structure, etc.) into a supercoil. ΚΠ 1963 Jrnl. Molecular Biol. 6 423 Meshing between helices can be achieved by supercoiling the axis of each helix. 1971 Nature 29 Oct. 591/2 Segrest and Cunningham start with the tropocollagen molecule, a three-strand rope formed by supercoiling two identical helices termed α₁ and α₂. 1987 New Scientist 19 Feb. 62/4 Enzymes related to gyrase..are able only to relax, not supercoil, DNA. 2010 N. P. Higgins et al. in R. T. Dame & C. J. Dorman Bacterial Chromatin 118 This discovery predicted an enzyme that can supercoil DNA. 2. intransitive. To form a supercoil. ΚΠ 1975 Jrnl. Biol. Chem. 250 1079/1 When circular λ DNA supercoils more tightly, as it does in high salt, it might reach a state where it is energetically more favorable to alter the B form of the primary helix than to supercoil. 1982 Sci. Amer. July 87/1 When the ethidium is removed, the ring [of DNA] supercoils. 2008 B. Pierce Genetics 287/2 Overrotation or underrotation of a DNA double helix places strain on the molecule, causing it to supercoil. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1880v.1963
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