† suffocateadj.

Forms: Also Middle English–1500s -at.

Etymology: < Latin suffōcātus, past participle of suffōcāre (see suffocate v.).

Obsolete.

Chiefly as past participle.

1. Suffocated by deprivation of air.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > death > manner of death > [adjective] > from suffocation or choking

suffocatea1464

throttling1566

suffocated1737

asphyxiated1835

suffocating1869

a1464 J. Capgrave Abbreuiacion of Cron. (Cambr. Gg.4.12) (1983) 210 In whech first day þe duke of Gloucetir was suffocat at Caleys.

1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde iii. iv. f. 107^v The moonkey..helde hym so fast aboute the throte, that he was suffocate.

a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 (1623) i. i. 121 For Suffolkes Duke, may he be suffocate .

1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. iv. 148 Pilgrimes were often suffocate to death.

2. Smothered, overwhelmed.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > [adjective] > covered > overwhelmingly

suffocate1471

overwenda1500

smothered1902

1471 G. Ripley Compound of Alchymy i. xii, in E. Ashmole Theatrum Chem. Britannicum (1652) 132 In mynd..bare thys, That never thyne Erth wyth Water be suffocate.

1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection ii. sig. Oi^v The wedes had suffocat and destroyed his corne.

1584 T. Cogan Hauen of Health ccxiv. 202 In a colde stomacke the little heate is suffocate with grosse meate.

1609 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida i. iii. 125 This chaos when degree is suffocate, Followes the choaking.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1915; most recently modified version published online September 2021).

suffocatev.

Brit.

/ˈsʌfəkeɪt/, U.S.

/ˈsəfəˌkeɪt/

Etymology: < Latin suffōcāt-, past participial stem of suffōcāre , < suf- = sub- prefix 1a + faucēs throat.

1. transitive. To kill (a person or animal) by stopping the supply of air through the lungs, gills, or other respiratory organs.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > death > killing > killing by specific method > kill [verb (transitive)] > by smothering or suffocation

smorec725

athrysmc885

stranglea1300

overliea1382

forliea1400

to stop the breath (more rarely the wind) ofc1400

overlayc1425

querken1440

smoulder1481

suffoke1490

stiflea1535

smoor1535

smother1548

suffocate1599

asphyxiate1835

asphyxy1843

1599 A. M. tr. O. Gaebelkhover Bk. Physicke 231/2 Ether in his mothers bodye, or els in the birth it might be suffocatede.

1641 J. Jackson True Evangelical Temper i. 44 Others inverted..and a fire being underneath, were so smoaked and suffocated to death.

1689 J. Chetham Angler's Vade Mecum (ed. 2) xxxviii. 248 Fishes are suffocated in Waters, if they be..frozen.

1791 E. Inchbald Simple Story III. ii. 16 Half suffocated with the loss of breath.

1803 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 9 488 The violent irritation and spasm..which so often suffocate children.

1818 Ld. Byron Beppo xvii. 9 A Husband whom mere suspicion could inflame To suffocate a wife.

1873 St. G. Mivart Lessons Elem. Anat. xii. 465 To suffocate a frog it is sufficient to keep its mouth open.

2. To interrupt or impede respiration in (a person); to stifle, choke. †Also, to throttle (the windpipe), stifle (the breath).

ΘΚΠ

the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disordered breathing > have or cause breathing disorder [verb (transitive)] > choke

stranglea1300

chokec1380

worrya1400

stiflec1400

to stop the breath (more rarely the wind) ofc1400

scomfishc1480

to choke up1555

grane1613

suffocatea1616

a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry V (1623) iii. vi. 41 Let not Hempe his Wind-pipe suffocate .

1660 R. Coke Elements Power & Subjection 72 in Justice Vindicated The night~mare; which..makes men think they are invaded, oppressed and suffocated with great weight.

1785 W. Cowper Task ii. 819 Ev'ry plague that can infest Society..meets the eye, the ear, And suffocates the breath at ev'ry turn.

1800 E. Hervey Mourtray Family II. 27 I am suffocated in this crowd.

1848 C. Dickens Dombey & Son l. 506 He had like to have suffocated himself with this pleasantry.

1854 J. S. C. Abbott Napoleon (1855) II. xxii. 418 The soldiers were suffocated with sorrow.

3. To destroy as if by the exclusion of air; to smother, overwhelm, extinguish.

a. something material or physical.

ΚΠ

1584 R. Scot Discouerie Witchcraft xii. vi. 223 Manie lewd persons..with incantations..doo..extinguish, suffocate, and spoile all vineyards, ortchards, medowes, [etc.].

1614 T. Adams Diuells Banket iii. 109 The thicke spumy mists, which vapour vp from the..earth, doe often suffocate the brighter aire.

1652 J. French York-shire Spaw iv. 46 The use of cold baths is not..for old men, because that little heat which they have is thereby suffocated.

1758 A. Reid tr. P. J. Macquer Elements Theory & Pract. Chym. I. 122 By distillation..it [sc. acid of Vinegar] may be freed..from the great quantity of water which in a manner suffocates it.

1793 Trans. Soc. Arts (ed. 2) 5 54 The plants..will suffocate every kind of weed near them.

1797 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 87 421 A mass sufficiently thick to suffocate the whole of the light which enters it.

1807 J. Barlow Columbiad ii. 76 His fleet high flaming suffocates the skies.

1842 J. C. Loudon Suburban Horticulturist 386 The roots are suffocated and rotted from their delicacy.

b. something immaterial, esp. a mental attribute.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > destroy [verb (transitive)] > crush, stifle, or overwhelm (feelings, etc.)

shendOE

whelvec1000

allayOE

ofdrunkenc1175

quenchc1175

quashc1275

stanchc1315

quella1325

slockena1340

drenchc1374

vanquishc1380

stuffa1387

daunt?a1400

adauntc1400

to put downa1425

overwhelmc1425

overwhelvec1450

quatc1450

slockc1485

suppressa1500

suffocate1526

quealc1530

to trample under foot1530

repress1532

quail1533

suppress1537

infringe1543

revocate1547

whelm1553

queasom1561

knetcha1564

squench1577

restinguish1579

to keep down1581

trample1583

repel1592

accable1602

crush1610

to wrestle down?1611

chokea1616

stranglea1616

stifle1621

smother1632

overpower1646

resuppress1654

strangulate1665

instranglea1670

to choke back, down, in, out1690

to nip or crush in the bud1746

spiflicate1749

squasha1777

to get under1799

burke1835

to stamp out1851

to trample down1853

quelch1864

to sit upon ——1864

squelch1864

smash1865

garrotte1878

scotch1888

douse1916

to drive under1920

stomp1936

stultify1958

1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. BBii^v Labour..to expell the same venym..or..to suffocate or smere it within the.

1575 J. Rolland Treat. Court Venus ii. f. 30 Thay wald him mak sum aid,..Or his sorrow in sum part suffocat.

1644 W. Prynne & C. Walker True Relation Prosecution N. Fiennes 39 It being a meere artifice..to suffocate the truth.

1664 H. More Modest Enq. Myst. Iniquity 257 The being inveigled in idolatrous Worship does not quite suffocate and dead that Divine sense.

1749 D. Hartley Observ. Man i. i. §1. 44 Blood and Serum..lying in the Ventricles, suffocate Sensations.

1868 H. H. Milman Ann. St. Paul's Cathedral vi. 112 That..superstition which..had suffocated the higher truths of religion.

4. intransitive. To become stifled or choked. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > death > manner of death > die in specific manner [verb (intransitive)] > die of suffocation or choking

strangle1338

smore1488

smoor1508

smotherc1528

to choke up1555

stifle1594

throttle1655

suffocate1702

quackle1806

1702 D. Defoe Mock Mourners (ed. 3) 77 Convulsions follow, and such Vapours rise, The Constitution Suffocates and Dies.

1731 Philos. Trans. 1729–30 (Royal Soc.) 36 449 The Disease continued so obstinate, and the Patient so like to suffocate, that [etc.].

1883 Harper's Mag. Jan. 237/2 I suffocate in a stuffy room.

1888 Daily News 9 July 5/7 Whilst he was suffocating he remained calm and still.

Derivatives

ˈsuffocated adj.

ΘΚΠ

the world > life > death > manner of death > [adjective] > from suffocation or choking

suffocatea1464

throttling1566

suffocated1737

asphyxiated1835

suffocating1869

1737 W. Whiston tr. Josephus Jewish War v. xi, in tr. Josephus Genuine Wks. 910 The suffocated materials were now gradually consumed.

1793 T. Beddoes Observ. Nature & Cure Calculus 50 In suffocated animals the left cavities of the heart are full of venous blood.

1898 G. B. Shaw Candida in Plays Pleasant & Unpleasant 148 In a suffocated voice.

ˈsuffocating n.

ΘΚΠ

the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > [noun] > crushing, stifling, or overwhelming

quench?c1225

stanchingc1400

suppressingc1400

suppression1528

suffocation1567

crushing1580

suffocating1621

pulverization1643

overwhelming1645

depression1656

stifling1805

burking1827

spiflication1839

restinction1891

stamping1897

submergence1898

snuffing1922

the world > life > death > killing > killing by specific method > [noun] > smothering or suffocation

smoringc1440

suffocating1621

stifling1711

choking1803

smotheration1826

overlying1891

1621 T. W. tr. S. Goulart Wise Vieillard 23 Death is a suffocating and quenching of the naturall heate of the body.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1915; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

单词	suffocate
释义	† suffocateadj. Forms: Also Middle English–1500s -at. Etymology: < Latin suffōcātus, past participle of suffōcāre (see suffocate v.). Obsolete. Chiefly as past participle. 1. Suffocated by deprivation of air. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > manner of death > [adjective] > from suffocation or choking suffocatea1464 throttling1566 suffocated1737 asphyxiated1835 suffocating1869 a1464 J. Capgrave Abbreuiacion of Cron. (Cambr. Gg.4.12) (1983) 210 In whech first day þe duke of Gloucetir was suffocat at Caleys. 1555 R. Eden tr. Peter Martyr of Angleria Decades of Newe Worlde iii. iv. f. 107^v The moonkey..helde hym so fast aboute the throte, that he was suffocate. a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 2 (1623) i. i. 121 For Suffolkes Duke, may he be suffocate . View more context for this quotation 1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. iv. 148 Pilgrimes were often suffocate to death. 2. Smothered, overwhelmed. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > condition of being external > covering > [adjective] > covered > overwhelmingly suffocate1471 overwenda1500 smothered1902 1471 G. Ripley Compound of Alchymy i. xii, in E. Ashmole Theatrum Chem. Britannicum (1652) 132 In mynd..bare thys, That never thyne Erth wyth Water be suffocate. 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection ii. sig. Oi^v The wedes had suffocat and destroyed his corne. 1584 T. Cogan Hauen of Health ccxiv. 202 In a colde stomacke the little heate is suffocate with grosse meate. 1609 W. Shakespeare Troilus & Cressida i. iii. 125 This chaos when degree is suffocate, Followes the choaking. View more context for this quotation This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1915; most recently modified version published online September 2021). suffocatev. Brit. /ˈsʌfəkeɪt/, U.S. /ˈsəfəˌkeɪt/ Etymology: < Latin suffōcāt-, past participial stem of suffōcāre , < suf- = sub- prefix 1a + faucēs throat. 1. transitive. To kill (a person or animal) by stopping the supply of air through the lungs, gills, or other respiratory organs. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > killing > killing by specific method > kill [verb (transitive)] > by smothering or suffocation smorec725 athrysmc885 stranglea1300 overliea1382 forliea1400 to stop the breath (more rarely the wind) ofc1400 overlayc1425 querken1440 smoulder1481 suffoke1490 stiflea1535 smoor1535 smother1548 suffocate1599 asphyxiate1835 asphyxy1843 1599 A. M. tr. O. Gaebelkhover Bk. Physicke 231/2 Ether in his mothers bodye, or els in the birth it might be suffocatede. 1641 J. Jackson True Evangelical Temper i. 44 Others inverted..and a fire being underneath, were so smoaked and suffocated to death. 1689 J. Chetham Angler's Vade Mecum (ed. 2) xxxviii. 248 Fishes are suffocated in Waters, if they be..frozen. 1791 E. Inchbald Simple Story III. ii. 16 Half suffocated with the loss of breath. 1803 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 9 488 The violent irritation and spasm..which so often suffocate children. 1818 Ld. Byron Beppo xvii. 9 A Husband whom mere suspicion could inflame To suffocate a wife. 1873 St. G. Mivart Lessons Elem. Anat. xii. 465 To suffocate a frog it is sufficient to keep its mouth open. 2. To interrupt or impede respiration in (a person); to stifle, choke. †Also, to throttle (the windpipe), stifle (the breath). ΘΚΠ the world > health and disease > ill health > a disease > disorders of internal organs > disordered breathing > have or cause breathing disorder [verb (transitive)] > choke stranglea1300 chokec1380 worrya1400 stiflec1400 to stop the breath (more rarely the wind) ofc1400 scomfishc1480 to choke up1555 grane1613 suffocatea1616 a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry V (1623) iii. vi. 41 Let not Hempe his Wind-pipe suffocate . View more context for this quotation 1660 R. Coke Elements Power & Subjection 72 in Justice Vindicated The night~mare; which..makes men think they are invaded, oppressed and suffocated with great weight. 1785 W. Cowper Task ii. 819 Ev'ry plague that can infest Society..meets the eye, the ear, And suffocates the breath at ev'ry turn. 1800 E. Hervey Mourtray Family II. 27 I am suffocated in this crowd. 1848 C. Dickens Dombey & Son l. 506 He had like to have suffocated himself with this pleasantry. 1854 J. S. C. Abbott Napoleon (1855) II. xxii. 418 The soldiers were suffocated with sorrow. 3. To destroy as if by the exclusion of air; to smother, overwhelm, extinguish. a. something material or physical. ΚΠ 1584 R. Scot Discouerie Witchcraft xii. vi. 223 Manie lewd persons..with incantations..doo..extinguish, suffocate, and spoile all vineyards, ortchards, medowes, [etc.]. 1614 T. Adams Diuells Banket iii. 109 The thicke spumy mists, which vapour vp from the..earth, doe often suffocate the brighter aire. 1652 J. French York-shire Spaw iv. 46 The use of cold baths is not..for old men, because that little heat which they have is thereby suffocated. 1758 A. Reid tr. P. J. Macquer Elements Theory & Pract. Chym. I. 122 By distillation..it [sc. acid of Vinegar] may be freed..from the great quantity of water which in a manner suffocates it. 1793 Trans. Soc. Arts (ed. 2) 5 54 The plants..will suffocate every kind of weed near them. 1797 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 87 421 A mass sufficiently thick to suffocate the whole of the light which enters it. 1807 J. Barlow Columbiad ii. 76 His fleet high flaming suffocates the skies. 1842 J. C. Loudon Suburban Horticulturist 386 The roots are suffocated and rotted from their delicacy. b. something immaterial, esp. a mental attribute. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > destroy [verb (transitive)] > crush, stifle, or overwhelm (feelings, etc.) shendOE whelvec1000 allayOE ofdrunkenc1175 quenchc1175 quashc1275 stanchc1315 quella1325 slockena1340 drenchc1374 vanquishc1380 stuffa1387 daunt?a1400 adauntc1400 to put downa1425 overwhelmc1425 overwhelvec1450 quatc1450 slockc1485 suppressa1500 suffocate1526 quealc1530 to trample under foot1530 repress1532 quail1533 suppress1537 infringe1543 revocate1547 whelm1553 queasom1561 knetcha1564 squench1577 restinguish1579 to keep down1581 trample1583 repel1592 accable1602 crush1610 to wrestle down?1611 chokea1616 stranglea1616 stifle1621 smother1632 overpower1646 resuppress1654 strangulate1665 instranglea1670 to choke back, down, in, out1690 to nip or crush in the bud1746 spiflicate1749 squasha1777 to get under1799 burke1835 to stamp out1851 to trample down1853 quelch1864 to sit upon ——1864 squelch1864 smash1865 garrotte1878 scotch1888 douse1916 to drive under1920 stomp1936 stultify1958 1526 W. Bonde Pylgrimage of Perfection iii. sig. BBii^v Labour..to expell the same venym..or..to suffocate or smere it within the. 1575 J. Rolland Treat. Court Venus ii. f. 30 Thay wald him mak sum aid,..Or his sorrow in sum part suffocat. 1644 W. Prynne & C. Walker True Relation Prosecution N. Fiennes 39 It being a meere artifice..to suffocate the truth. 1664 H. More Modest Enq. Myst. Iniquity 257 The being inveigled in idolatrous Worship does not quite suffocate and dead that Divine sense. 1749 D. Hartley Observ. Man i. i. §1. 44 Blood and Serum..lying in the Ventricles, suffocate Sensations. 1868 H. H. Milman Ann. St. Paul's Cathedral vi. 112 That..superstition which..had suffocated the higher truths of religion. 4. intransitive. To become stifled or choked. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > manner of death > die in specific manner [verb (intransitive)] > die of suffocation or choking strangle1338 smore1488 smoor1508 smotherc1528 to choke up1555 stifle1594 throttle1655 suffocate1702 quackle1806 1702 D. Defoe Mock Mourners (ed. 3) 77 Convulsions follow, and such Vapours rise, The Constitution Suffocates and Dies. 1731 Philos. Trans. 1729–30 (Royal Soc.) 36 449 The Disease continued so obstinate, and the Patient so like to suffocate, that [etc.]. 1883 Harper's Mag. Jan. 237/2 I suffocate in a stuffy room. 1888 Daily News 9 July 5/7 Whilst he was suffocating he remained calm and still. Derivatives ˈsuffocated adj. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > manner of death > [adjective] > from suffocation or choking suffocatea1464 throttling1566 suffocated1737 asphyxiated1835 suffocating1869 1737 W. Whiston tr. Josephus Jewish War v. xi, in tr. Josephus Genuine Wks. 910 The suffocated materials were now gradually consumed. 1793 T. Beddoes Observ. Nature & Cure Calculus 50 In suffocated animals the left cavities of the heart are full of venous blood. 1898 G. B. Shaw Candida in Plays Pleasant & Unpleasant 148 In a suffocated voice. ˈsuffocating n. ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > [noun] > crushing, stifling, or overwhelming quench?c1225 stanchingc1400 suppressingc1400 suppression1528 suffocation1567 crushing1580 suffocating1621 pulverization1643 overwhelming1645 depression1656 stifling1805 burking1827 spiflication1839 restinction1891 stamping1897 submergence1898 snuffing1922 the world > life > death > killing > killing by specific method > [noun] > smothering or suffocation smoringc1440 suffocating1621 stifling1711 choking1803 smotheration1826 overlying1891 1621 T. W. tr. S. Goulart Wise Vieillard 23 Death is a suffocating and quenching of the naturall heate of the body. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1915; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < adj.a1464v.1526
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