substitutionaladj.

Brit.

/ˌsʌbstᵻˈtjuːʃn̩(ə)l/,

/ˌsʌbstᵻˈtjuːʃən(ə)l/,

/ˌsʌbstᵻˈtʃuːʃn̩(ə)l/,

/ˌsʌbstᵻˈtʃuːʃən(ə)l/, U.S.

/ˌsəbstəˈt(j)uʃ(ə)nəl/

Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: substitution n., -al suffix¹.

Etymology: < substitution n. + -al suffix¹. Compare earlier substitutive adj., substitutory adj.

a. That involves a substitution; that admits of being replaced.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > change > exchange > substitution > [adjective]

substitutional1721

substitutionary1772

commutative1844

1721 A. Campbell Doctr. Middle State 127 Tertullian calls this Substitutional Baptism a Vicarious Baptism.

1765 J. Elphinston Princ. Eng. Lang. Digested I. ii. ii. 238 Little, near and far, though but substitutional adjectives, have all their degrees.

1820 J. Foster Ess. Evils Pop. Ignorance 166 While thus thrown loose from the former ties to the social order, their minds have not been seized upon to be put under the substitutional ones which sound instruction alone could impose.

1846 Era 8 Mar. 6/1 Mrs. Keeley's regretted indisposition placed ‘The Cricket on the Hearth’ in..abeyance, Mr. Wigan's two farces..doing very effective substitutional service.

1876 20th Rep. Her Majesty's Civil Service Commissioners App. vi. 306 in Parl. Papers (C. 1587) XXII. 1 What substitutional change of letters may be said to have affected the Greek language more than any other change?

1955 G. Mattingly Renaissance Diplomacy iv. xxv. 248 Substantially it was the simple substitutional cipher, that is, letting a numeral or arbitrary symbol stand for each letter of the alphabet.

2003 BusinessWorld (Nexis) 14 Mar. 6 Substitutional listing happens when a listed firm's shares are to be split, subdivided or will be classified differently.

b. That is a replacement for something; that is a substitute.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > change > exchange > substitution > [adjective] > that substitutes

vicaryc1475

vicegerent1577

succedaneal1633

surrogatea1638

vicarious1637

succedaneous1646

substitutive1656

substitutory1664

supersessory1789

substitutional1816

supersessive1837

shadow1936

omnivicarious1949

1816 J. T. James Jrnl. Tour iii. 313 The priest learnt it [sc. a prayer] by heart..; he then was requested to change it for the substitutional one that followed.

1883 Pall Mall Gaz. 30 May 1/2 If he considered that he would not be fairly compensated under any substitutional private agreement.

1884 C. Rogers Social Life Scotl. II. x. 19 As a substitutional officer James I. appointed a Master of the Household.

1913 Atlantic Reporter 84 805/1 Del. Laws, c. 192..is substitutional for Rev. Code 1893, p. 457, protecting game.

1987 Globe & Mail (Canada) (Nexis) 29 Dec. The extent to which the new plan should be supplemental or substitutional.

2010 Independent (Nexis) 27 July 4 E-book sales may encourage some new readers but the great majority of sales are substitutional.

2. Theology. Of or relating to the self-sacrifice accepted by Jesus for the redemption of man; (hence of suffering, sacrifice, etc.) accepted by Jesus for the redemption of man. Cf. substitution n. 4.

ΘΚΠ

society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > sin > atonement > doctrines of atonement > [adjective]

substitutive1756

substitutional1765

Grotian1864

1765 J. Mellen Fifteen Disc. xi. i. 376 No sinner can be justified before God, but in the vicarious and substitutional way.

1786 A. McLean Comm. by Jesus Christ to Apostles iii. 295 This points out the vicarious and substitutional nature of his death.

a1812 A. McLean Merit Ground Justif. in Wks. (1823) II. 380 The merit and substitutional nature of Christ's obedience to the moral law throughout his life.

1893 New Church Mess. (N.Y.) 19 Apr. 244 This mercenary, substitutional theory of the atonement.

1897 Advance (Chicago) 4 Feb. 155/2 We need the divine sympathy, substitutional, because the Christ was tempted in all points as we are.

1926 Estherville (Iowa) Enterprise 15 Sept. 1/1 By His innocent life and His substitutional suffering and death on the cross.

1979 J. C. Nieto Mystic, Rebel, Saint iv. 95 John is not interested in a theory of redemption. He does not mention the substitutional, the ransom, or the satisfaction theories of atonement.

2009 P. Grace Relig. Film i. 12 Most films about Jesus..support the idea of substitutional sacrifice by claiming that God the Father orchestrated the execution and Jesus willingly offered himself as victim.

3. Law. Of a legacy: that replaces a previous disposition; that passes to a nominated substitute in the event that the previous beneficiary dies before the testator, or fails to meet some expressed condition. Cf. substitution n. 2a.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > jurisprudence > [adjective] > constituting a substitute

substitutional1817

1817 Law Rep.: Common Pleas 2 538 The testator, on his death-bed, gave his wife bank notes to the same amount as a legacy left her in a codicil; and it was held that the donation was additional to the legacy, and not substitutional of it.

1883 Law Rep.: Chancery Div. 23 738 W. Pearson, Q.C.,..submitted that..the gift..was an original and not substitutional gift.

1894 Daily News 3 May 5/3 In other words, were the gifts substitutional or cumulative?

1921 Wills (Columbia Trust Company) (ed. 2) 51 A legacy given in addition to another legacy is cumulative. A legacy given in lieu of another legacy is substitutional.

1947 Michigan Law Rev. 45 778 The substitutional bequest may have been made in furtherance of a secret trust.

2000 Irish Times (Nexis) 9 Oct. 21 He thought..that if Margaret Anne Richards did not survive the testator then the property should go to John Richards as a substitutional gift, but that as both husband and wife were alive they took as joint tenants.

4. Materials Science. Of, relating to, or characterized by the substitution of atoms at certain sites in a crystal lattice by atoms of a different element. Frequently attributive in substitutional alloy, substitutional site, etc.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > alloy > [adjective] > types or qualities of alloys

gamma1904

substitutional1923

solution-treated1952

maraged1961

solutionized1978

the world > matter > chemistry > elements and compounds > metals > [noun] > alloy structure > lattice site where substitution occurs

substitutional site1969

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > alloy > [noun] > type of structure > lattice site

substitutional site1969

1923 E. A. Owen & G. D. Preston in Proc. Physical Soc. 36 15 To increase the accuracy of measurement with a view to differentiating the more easily between what may be termed the ‘substitutional’ and the ‘interstitial’ atomic arrangements.

1940 F. Seitz Mod. Theory Solids xiv. 496 The interstices of metals forming substitutional alloys usually are much smaller than the atomic size.

1969 Physics Bull. May 167/2 To have the desired effects the implanted impurity atoms must eventually occupy isolated substitutional sites within the lattice.

1996 M. S. Dresselhaus et al. Sci. Fullerenes & Carbon Nanotubes viii. 233 Substitutional doping is common for Group IV solids, including silicon, germanium, diamond, and graphite.

2001 R. W. Cahn Coming of Materials Sci. iii. 135 One should regard a random substitutional alloy of two metals as a giant molecule possessing an electron gas to which both components contributed.

Compounds

substitutional service n. Law (now Canadian) = substituted service n. at substituted adj. Compounds.

ΚΠ

1829 H. Grant Pract. High Court Chancery (ed. 2) I. lxi. 320 This substitutional service will only be allowed where the application can be supported by affidavit of the circumstances which render personal service impracticable.

1921 Northwestern Reporter 179 243/2 It is claimed that plaintiff could not be found, and substitutional service was obtained on plaintiff December 11th, by service on Mrs. Wilson.

1978 Univ. Toronto Law Jrnl. 28 133 It is not possible to determine if substitutional service by other means, for instance through newspaper advertising, was authorized.

2002 R. H. McConnell Guide to Coll. Procedures in Ont. v. 60 Where unsuccessful attempts have been made to serve a defendant personally.., a plaintiff may apply to the court for an order for substitutional service.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	substitutional
释义	substitutionaladj. Brit. /ˌsʌbstᵻˈtjuːʃn̩(ə)l/, /ˌsʌbstᵻˈtjuːʃən(ə)l/, /ˌsʌbstᵻˈtʃuːʃn̩(ə)l/, /ˌsʌbstᵻˈtʃuːʃən(ə)l/, U.S. /ˌsəbstəˈt(j)uʃ(ə)nəl/ Origin: Formed within English, by derivation. Etymons: substitution n., -al suffix¹. Etymology: < substitution n. + -al suffix¹. Compare earlier substitutive adj., substitutory adj. 1. a. That involves a substitution; that admits of being replaced. ΘΚΠ the world > time > change > exchange > substitution > [adjective] substitutional1721 substitutionary1772 commutative1844 1721 A. Campbell Doctr. Middle State 127 Tertullian calls this Substitutional Baptism a Vicarious Baptism. 1765 J. Elphinston Princ. Eng. Lang. Digested I. ii. ii. 238 Little, near and far, though but substitutional adjectives, have all their degrees. 1820 J. Foster Ess. Evils Pop. Ignorance 166 While thus thrown loose from the former ties to the social order, their minds have not been seized upon to be put under the substitutional ones which sound instruction alone could impose. 1846 Era 8 Mar. 6/1 Mrs. Keeley's regretted indisposition placed ‘The Cricket on the Hearth’ in..abeyance, Mr. Wigan's two farces..doing very effective substitutional service. 1876 20th Rep. Her Majesty's Civil Service Commissioners App. vi. 306 in Parl. Papers (C. 1587) XXII. 1 What substitutional change of letters may be said to have affected the Greek language more than any other change? 1955 G. Mattingly Renaissance Diplomacy iv. xxv. 248 Substantially it was the simple substitutional cipher, that is, letting a numeral or arbitrary symbol stand for each letter of the alphabet. 2003 BusinessWorld (Nexis) 14 Mar. 6 Substitutional listing happens when a listed firm's shares are to be split, subdivided or will be classified differently. b. That is a replacement for something; that is a substitute. ΘΚΠ the world > time > change > exchange > substitution > [adjective] > that substitutes vicaryc1475 vicegerent1577 succedaneal1633 surrogatea1638 vicarious1637 succedaneous1646 substitutive1656 substitutory1664 supersessory1789 substitutional1816 supersessive1837 shadow1936 omnivicarious1949 1816 J. T. James Jrnl. Tour iii. 313 The priest learnt it [sc. a prayer] by heart..; he then was requested to change it for the substitutional one that followed. 1883 Pall Mall Gaz. 30 May 1/2 If he considered that he would not be fairly compensated under any substitutional private agreement. 1884 C. Rogers Social Life Scotl. II. x. 19 As a substitutional officer James I. appointed a Master of the Household. 1913 Atlantic Reporter 84 805/1 Del. Laws, c. 192..is substitutional for Rev. Code 1893, p. 457, protecting game. 1987 Globe & Mail (Canada) (Nexis) 29 Dec. The extent to which the new plan should be supplemental or substitutional. 2010 Independent (Nexis) 27 July 4 E-book sales may encourage some new readers but the great majority of sales are substitutional. 2. Theology. Of or relating to the self-sacrifice accepted by Jesus for the redemption of man; (hence of suffering, sacrifice, etc.) accepted by Jesus for the redemption of man. Cf. substitution n. 4. ΘΚΠ society > faith > aspects of faith > spirituality > sin > atonement > doctrines of atonement > [adjective] substitutive1756 substitutional1765 Grotian1864 1765 J. Mellen Fifteen Disc. xi. i. 376 No sinner can be justified before God, but in the vicarious and substitutional way. 1786 A. McLean Comm. by Jesus Christ to Apostles iii. 295 This points out the vicarious and substitutional nature of his death. a1812 A. McLean Merit Ground Justif. in Wks. (1823) II. 380 The merit and substitutional nature of Christ's obedience to the moral law throughout his life. 1893 New Church Mess. (N.Y.) 19 Apr. 244 This mercenary, substitutional theory of the atonement. 1897 Advance (Chicago) 4 Feb. 155/2 We need the divine sympathy, substitutional, because the Christ was tempted in all points as we are. 1926 Estherville (Iowa) Enterprise 15 Sept. 1/1 By His innocent life and His substitutional suffering and death on the cross. 1979 J. C. Nieto Mystic, Rebel, Saint iv. 95 John is not interested in a theory of redemption. He does not mention the substitutional, the ransom, or the satisfaction theories of atonement. 2009 P. Grace Relig. Film i. 12 Most films about Jesus..support the idea of substitutional sacrifice by claiming that God the Father orchestrated the execution and Jesus willingly offered himself as victim. 3. Law. Of a legacy: that replaces a previous disposition; that passes to a nominated substitute in the event that the previous beneficiary dies before the testator, or fails to meet some expressed condition. Cf. substitution n. 2a. ΘΚΠ society > law > jurisprudence > [adjective] > constituting a substitute substitutional1817 1817 Law Rep.: Common Pleas 2 538 The testator, on his death-bed, gave his wife bank notes to the same amount as a legacy left her in a codicil; and it was held that the donation was additional to the legacy, and not substitutional of it. 1883 Law Rep.: Chancery Div. 23 738 W. Pearson, Q.C.,..submitted that..the gift..was an original and not substitutional gift. 1894 Daily News 3 May 5/3 In other words, were the gifts substitutional or cumulative? 1921 Wills (Columbia Trust Company) (ed. 2) 51 A legacy given in addition to another legacy is cumulative. A legacy given in lieu of another legacy is substitutional. 1947 Michigan Law Rev. 45 778 The substitutional bequest may have been made in furtherance of a secret trust. 2000 Irish Times (Nexis) 9 Oct. 21 He thought..that if Margaret Anne Richards did not survive the testator then the property should go to John Richards as a substitutional gift, but that as both husband and wife were alive they took as joint tenants. 4. Materials Science. Of, relating to, or characterized by the substitution of atoms at certain sites in a crystal lattice by atoms of a different element. Frequently attributive in substitutional alloy, substitutional site, etc. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > alloy > [adjective] > types or qualities of alloys gamma1904 substitutional1923 solution-treated1952 maraged1961 solutionized1978 the world > matter > chemistry > elements and compounds > metals > [noun] > alloy structure > lattice site where substitution occurs substitutional site1969 society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > metal > alloy > [noun] > type of structure > lattice site substitutional site1969 1923 E. A. Owen & G. D. Preston in Proc. Physical Soc. 36 15 To increase the accuracy of measurement with a view to differentiating the more easily between what may be termed the ‘substitutional’ and the ‘interstitial’ atomic arrangements. 1940 F. Seitz Mod. Theory Solids xiv. 496 The interstices of metals forming substitutional alloys usually are much smaller than the atomic size. 1969 Physics Bull. May 167/2 To have the desired effects the implanted impurity atoms must eventually occupy isolated substitutional sites within the lattice. 1996 M. S. Dresselhaus et al. Sci. Fullerenes & Carbon Nanotubes viii. 233 Substitutional doping is common for Group IV solids, including silicon, germanium, diamond, and graphite. 2001 R. W. Cahn Coming of Materials Sci. iii. 135 One should regard a random substitutional alloy of two metals as a giant molecule possessing an electron gas to which both components contributed. Compounds substitutional service n. Law (now Canadian) = substituted service n. at substituted adj. Compounds. ΚΠ 1829 H. Grant Pract. High Court Chancery (ed. 2) I. lxi. 320 This substitutional service will only be allowed where the application can be supported by affidavit of the circumstances which render personal service impracticable. 1921 Northwestern Reporter 179 243/2 It is claimed that plaintiff could not be found, and substitutional service was obtained on plaintiff December 11th, by service on Mrs. Wilson. 1978 Univ. Toronto Law Jrnl. 28 133 It is not possible to determine if substitutional service by other means, for instance through newspaper advertising, was authorized. 2002 R. H. McConnell Guide to Coll. Procedures in Ont. v. 60 Where unsuccessful attempts have been made to serve a defendant personally.., a plaintiff may apply to the court for an order for substitutional service. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.1721
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