superchargen.
/ˈsuːpətʃɑːdʒ/, /ˈsjuːpətʃɑːdʒ/, U.S. /ˈsupərˌtʃɑrdʒ/ 1. Heraldry. (Usually as two words or hyphenated.) A charge borne upon another charge. Now rare.Chiefly in glossaries.
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society > communication > indication > insignia > heraldic devices collective > charge: device on shield > [noun] > one charge surmounting another
supercharge1722
1722 A. Nisbet Syst. Heraldry I. x. 46 If the Super-charge be comprehended within the Limits of the Fess, then it's said to be charged, or as we say commonly, on a Fess.
1777 ‘M. A. Porny’ Elements Heraldry (ed. 3) at word Super-charge... This is said of a figure borne on another bearing.
1847 H. Gough Gloss. Terms Brit. Heraldry 298 Super-charge: a charge which surmounts another, as the chevron in the arms of Dyxton.
1980 C. Hasler Royal Arms p. xi Anything..imposed upon another charge, [is] sometimes called a ‘super-charge’.
2. A cost or charge (charge n. II.***) over and above that which is expected or usual; an excessive charge, an overcharge.
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society > trade and finance > charges > [noun] > additional or excessive charge
overprice1494
surcharge1601
overcharge1663
over-chargement1686
supercharge1738
upcharge1925
1738 Let. from Merchant to Member of Parl. 48 As our Merchants must charge that Loss upon the Price of our own Manufactures..this Supercharge will very much injure the Sale of our home Manufactures.
1826 B. Disraeli in W. F. Monypenny & G. E. Buckle Life Disraeli (1910) I. vii. 95 I generally detect the aubergiste in a super-charge.
1950 Jrnl. Rom. Stud. 40 127 Over and above the regular taxes there were all kinds of supercharges, which varied bewilderingly.
1997 Hobart (Austral.) Mercury (Nexis) 10 May For the same service, consumers must now pay a network access charge, a service charge, and a super charge of 5% in addition.
3. Engineering. A fuel–air mixture of higher than atmospheric pressure in the cylinders of an internal combustion engine; the increase in pressure applied to this mixture by a supercharger. Cf. boost n.2 2.
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society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > internal-combustion engine > [noun] > charge of high pressure
supercharge1911
1911 U.S. Patent 981,811 1/2 The other half of the air compression cylinder charge..is subsequently forced into the air already in the explosion cylinder, making a supercharge of air for explosion.
1948 Petroleum Handbk. (Shell Petroleum Co. Ltd.) (ed. 3) xxv. 356 The extra fuel has a certain cooling effect, and this permits an increase in boost (degree of supercharge).
1971 L. J. K. Setright Power to Fly v. 120 The immediate effect of the new fuel was to allow a greater degree of supercharge.
2003 Hamilton (Ont.) Spectator (Nexis) 25 June n1 The attachment causes a supercharge effect in the motor of the car, acting as a power booster.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2012; most recently modified version published online June 2022).
superchargev.
/ˈsuːpətʃɑːdʒ/, /ˈsjuːpətʃɑːdʒ/, U.S. /ˈsupərˌtʃɑrdʒ/ 1. transitive. To charge to a high or excessive degree; to saturate. Also figurative and in extended use. Cf. supercharged adj. 2.
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the world > matter > chemistry > chemical reactions or processes > subject to chemical reactions or processes [verb (transitive)] > subject to named chemical reaction or process > subject to saturation
sate1654
satiate1662
saturate1675
supercharge1846
the world > space > place > presence > fact of taking up space > take up (space or a place) [verb (transitive)] > fill > specifically in immaterial sense
fillOE
fulfila1300
replete1482
replenishc1529
stuff1531
install1577
charge1581
saturate1737
brim1844
supercharge1846
implete1862
earwig1880
infill1880
1846 Homeopathic Examiner 1 138 The acid seizing the small portion of alkali, and leaving beautiful globules of vital air which rise slowly towards the surface, diminishing as they ascend, super charging the acid.
1863 Newton's London Jrnl. Arts & Sci. 18 13 They are generally vaporized so rapidly as to supercharge the gas with their vapour.
1883 W. S. Hayward Colonel's Daughter xxii. 216 Flying into the room in her childish joy, Marcia supercharged it with the lively movements, almost the flutter of birds' wings.
1921 Amer. Druggist & Pharmaceut. Rec. Jan. 16 He said that by supercharging purified ether with the beneficial synergists—ethylene and carbon dioxide—he could produce a condition of analgesia, without loss of consciousness.
1968 ‘A. D'Arcangelo’ Homosexual Handbk. 115 The amyl nitrate does well to supercharge the proceedings once they've begun.
1991 Washington Post 30 Jan. a20/5 Researchers..are trying to supercharge the patients' white blood cells with a gene that produces tumor necrosis factor.
2008 N.Y. Rev. Bks. 18 Dec. 93/2 He doesn't supercharge the occasion by getting emotional about it; he just searches for the solution to the problem.
2. transitive. Engineering. To increase the pressure of the fuel–air mixture in (a cylinder or engine); to fit or design (an engine or vehicle) with a supercharger.
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society > occupation and work > equipment > machine > machines which impart power > engine > internal-combustion engine > operate internal-combustion engine [verb (transitive)] > increase pressure
supercharge1896
turbocharge1981
1896 D. Clerk Gas & Oil Engine (ed. 6) iii. ii. 460 Each cylinder is supercharged with air to a pressure of a few pounds above atmosphere.
1924 Glasgow Herald 6 May 4 The proposition of super-charging engines for sea-going and for road as well as for air service.
1966 McGraw-Hill Encycl. Sci. & Technol. (rev. ed.) VII. 208/2 Supercharging a two-cycle diesel engine requires some means of restricting or throttling the exhaust in order to build up cylinder pressure.
2001 AutoWeek 17 Dec. 4/4 DaimlerChrysler's internal debate over whether to supercharge or turbocharge the PT Cruiser is decided.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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n.1722v.1846