Sumatran.

Brit.

/sᵿˈmɑːtrə/,

/s(j)uːˈmɑːtrə/, U.S.

/sᵿˈmɑtrə/

Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Sumatra.

Etymology: < Sumatra, the name of a large island in the Malay Archipelago, now part of Indonesia, ultimately < Samudera, the name of a settlement and a kingdom at the northern extremity of the island (14th cent. in Malay and Javanese sources; further origin uncertain).The place name is attested in English contexts from mid 16th cent. (1542 as Samotra , 1553 as Sumatra , Sumetra , 1555 as Samatra , Zamatra , Zamotra ). Compare also the discussion at Java n. In sense 1 originally after Italian †summatra , †sammatra (1700 or earlier in this sense, in the source translated in quot. 1704 at sense 1; < the name of the island).

1. Usually with capital initial. A violent storm or squall occurring in the Straits of Malacca and the Malay Peninsula, blowing from the direction of Sumatra.

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > bad weather > [noun] > a disturbance of the elements > violent squall in specific regions

borasco1686

Sumatra1704

1704 tr. G. F. Gemelli Careri Voy. round World iii. x, in A. Churchill & J. Churchill Coll. Voy. IV. 283/1 We came in sight of Pulocondor, an Island... It was abandoned because of the continual Sumatras [It. sammatre], or Storms of Rain, no Day ever escaping without a very Violent one.

1842 Penny Cycl. XXIII. 272/2 In this season [sc. March to September] the Sumatras..blow, especially in the first part of the night.

1923 Nature 111 727/1 ‘Sumatras’ always occur at night, and are generally accompanied by thunder, lightning, and torrential rain.

2007 L. Yi & H. Lim in Adv. in Geosciences 9 112 ‘Sumatras’ are usually hundreds of kilometers in length with several hours life span, and accompanied by gusty winds and heavy rains.

2. More fully Sumatra tobacco. A variety of tobacco having thin, light-coloured leaves which are used for cigar wrappers.

ΘΚΠ

the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > yielding drug or narcotic > [noun] > tobacco-plant > varieties of

Virginia1624

poke1634

Virginia tobacco1700

Sumatra1840

Maryland1867

1840 North Amer. & Daily Advertiser (Philadelphia) 26 Nov. Sumatra 26c. Tobacco—The supplies had nearly all been taken off.

1882 Rep. Tariff Comm. I. 427 Every bale of Sumatra tobacco that comes into this country takes the place of 600 pounds of our own tobacco.

1912 A. E. Tanker Tobacco xii. 85 Leaf used for making British cigars consists of Sumatra, Borneo, and Havana.

1975 N. Freeling What are Bugles blowing For? xiv. 84 He sat..smoking a small Dutch cigar as a treat: rather heavy—they had mixed some dark Brazilian leaf in with the light Sumatra tobacco.

2012 Forecourt Trader (Nexis) Feb. 33 Tor Imports launched Clubmaster Mini cigars in two variants: superior blue and superior Sumatra.

Compounds

C1. As a modifier, with the sense ‘originating in, associated with, or native to Sumatra; relating to Sumatra’. Cf. Sumatran n. and adj.

ΚΠ

1800 Daily Advertiser (N.Y.) 15 Nov. (advt.) 300 bags best heavy clean Sumatra Pepper, in lots to suit the purchasers.

1822 T. Hardwicke in Trans. Linnean Soc. 13 236 The ears of the Sumatra Dog are more rounded.

1880 Jrnl. Straits Branch Royal Asiatic Soc. Dec. 197 Nearly a thousand Sumatra men..went to Jelabu to demand satisfaction.

1930 National Geographic Mag. Feb. 194/2 Sumatra women are camera-shy.

2004 N. Tarling Nationalism in Southeast Asia v. 134 Even when the Sumatra policy changed no promises were made about Malaya.

C2.

Sumatra benzoin n. benzoin obtained from the Benjamin tree Styrax benzoin.

ΚΠ

1850 J. Pereira Elements Materia Medica (ed. 3) II: Pt. i. 1521 The several sorts of benzoin met with in commerce may be conveniently arranged under two heads, viz. Siam benzoin and Sumatra benzoin.

1952 A. F. Hill Econ. Bot. (ed. 2) vii. 169 Sumatra benzoin, from Styrax Benzoin, occurs in reddish or grayish-brown blocks or lumps, composed of masses of tears stuck together.

2010 Indonesia 90 24 The import of Sumatra benzoin (tree resin) for use in Buddhist rituals in temples and homes is also significant.

Sumatra camphor n. camphor obtained from the camphor tree Dryobalanops aromatica; (also) the tree itself (more fully Sumatra camphor tree).Also called Borneo camphor, Malay camphor.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > extracted or refined oil > [noun] > camphor

camphor1313

Sumatra camphora1760

Borneo camphora1811

Malay camphor1837

turpentine camphor1857

tub-camphor1880

Japan camphor1882

Japanese camphor-

a1760 C. Alston Lect. Materia Medica (1770) II. lxxviii. 406 As for the Borneo Camphire, which is said to be 100 times dearer in the Indies than the Japanese,..and the Sumatra Camphire, if different, I know nothing of them, and never heard of their being brought to Europe.

1886 Jrnl. Straits Branch Royal Asiatic Soc. 18 308 Sumatra Camphor (Dryobalanops aromatica)... Private enterprise will hardly ever successfully cultivate the plant, owing to the time which is required to elapse between first outlay and first income.

1924 Australasian 28 June 1376/4 It furnishes a liquid called camphor oil, and a crystalline solid known as Sumatra camphor.

2006 M. Allaby Trop. Forests xi. 171 Seeds of the Sumatra camphor tree (Dryobalanops aromatica) contain 44 percent water by weight and so are able to germinate quickly.

Sumatra cat n. now historical a leopard cat (genus Prionailurus) found on Sumatra, originally regarded as a separate species and now considered to be a form of the Sunda leopard cat, P. javanensis.

ΚΠ

1821 E. Griffith Descr. Vertebrated Animals: Carnivora 54 The Sumatra Cat. Felis Sumatrana. Raffles. This is another species of the cat recently brought to light.

1855 Child's Educator viii. 345/1 The Rimau-Dahan, Felis macrocelis, a native of Sumatra and China, is an interesting animal, and kindred to the foregoing, as is also the tiger or Sumatra cat, Felis Sumatrana.

2004 Zoos' Print Jrnl. 19 1475/1 It [sc. the Leopard Cat Prionailurus bengalensis] was originally thought to be several different species, and, therefore, given many different names, including Jerdon's Cat, Elliot's Cat, Sumatra Cat and Chinese Cat.

Sumatra monkey n. now rare any of various monkeys native to Sumatra; (formerly) spec. the mitred leaf monkey, Presbytis melalophos (obsolete).Cf. Sumatran monkey n. at Sumatran n. and adj. Compounds 2.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > mammals > order Primates > suborder Anthropoidea (higher primates) > [noun] > group Catarrhinae (Old World monkey) > family Cercopithecidae > subfamily Colobinae > genus Presbytis (langur) > species of

Negro monkey1771

douc1774

simpai1820

lotong1824

entellus1843

Hanuman1843

Sumatran monkey1849

Sumatra monkey1877

tchincou1891

1877 Cassell's Nat. Hist. I. 92 (caption) The Sumatra monkey.

1903 Boy's Own Paper 3 Oct. 57/2 A sheath-knife would purchase a nice Sumatra monkey.

1952 Brisbane Tel. 26 Feb. 7/1 ‘Scouser’, the Sumatra monkey aboard the British tanker Nuttalia, does not appreciate the clothes crewmen made for him and tries to take them off.

† Sumatra orange n. Obsolete the mock orange Murraya paniculata.

ΚΠ

1883 W. R. Guilfoyle Catal. Plants Melbourne Bot. Gardens 105 Murraya sumatrana... Sumatra Orange. Hardy evergreen shrub.

1890 Cent. Dict. IV. 3902/2 M[urraya] exotica has been called Chinese box, and its very large variety (sometimes regarded as a species, M[urraya] Sumatrana) Sumatra orange.

1893 F. P. Foster Illustr. Encycl. Med. Dict. IV. 2351/2 Sumatra orange... The bark and the leaves are used in asthma, and the latter externally in local paralyses.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	sumatra
释义	Sumatran. Brit. /sᵿˈmɑːtrə/, /s(j)uːˈmɑːtrə/, U.S. /sᵿˈmɑtrə/ Origin: From a proper name. Etymon: proper name Sumatra. Etymology: < Sumatra, the name of a large island in the Malay Archipelago, now part of Indonesia, ultimately < Samudera, the name of a settlement and a kingdom at the northern extremity of the island (14th cent. in Malay and Javanese sources; further origin uncertain).The place name is attested in English contexts from mid 16th cent. (1542 as Samotra , 1553 as Sumatra , Sumetra , 1555 as Samatra , Zamatra , Zamotra ). Compare also the discussion at Java n. In sense 1 originally after Italian †summatra , †sammatra (1700 or earlier in this sense, in the source translated in quot. 1704 at sense 1; < the name of the island). 1. Usually with capital initial. A violent storm or squall occurring in the Straits of Malacca and the Malay Peninsula, blowing from the direction of Sumatra. ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > weather and the atmosphere > weather > bad weather > [noun] > a disturbance of the elements > violent squall in specific regions borasco1686 Sumatra1704 1704 tr. G. F. Gemelli Careri Voy. round World iii. x, in A. Churchill & J. Churchill Coll. Voy. IV. 283/1 We came in sight of Pulocondor, an Island... It was abandoned because of the continual Sumatras [It. sammatre], or Storms of Rain, no Day ever escaping without a very Violent one. 1842 Penny Cycl. XXIII. 272/2 In this season [sc. March to September] the Sumatras..blow, especially in the first part of the night. 1923 Nature 111 727/1 ‘Sumatras’ always occur at night, and are generally accompanied by thunder, lightning, and torrential rain. 2007 L. Yi & H. Lim in Adv. in Geosciences 9 112 ‘Sumatras’ are usually hundreds of kilometers in length with several hours life span, and accompanied by gusty winds and heavy rains. 2. More fully Sumatra tobacco. A variety of tobacco having thin, light-coloured leaves which are used for cigar wrappers. ΘΚΠ the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > yielding drug or narcotic > [noun] > tobacco-plant > varieties of Virginia1624 poke1634 Virginia tobacco1700 Sumatra1840 Maryland1867 1840 North Amer. & Daily Advertiser (Philadelphia) 26 Nov. Sumatra 26c. Tobacco—The supplies had nearly all been taken off. 1882 Rep. Tariff Comm. I. 427 Every bale of Sumatra tobacco that comes into this country takes the place of 600 pounds of our own tobacco. 1912 A. E. Tanker Tobacco xii. 85 Leaf used for making British cigars consists of Sumatra, Borneo, and Havana. 1975 N. Freeling What are Bugles blowing For? xiv. 84 He sat..smoking a small Dutch cigar as a treat: rather heavy—they had mixed some dark Brazilian leaf in with the light Sumatra tobacco. 2012 Forecourt Trader (Nexis) Feb. 33 Tor Imports launched Clubmaster Mini cigars in two variants: superior blue and superior Sumatra. Compounds C1. As a modifier, with the sense ‘originating in, associated with, or native to Sumatra; relating to Sumatra’. Cf. Sumatran n. and adj. ΚΠ 1800 Daily Advertiser (N.Y.) 15 Nov. (advt.) 300 bags best heavy clean Sumatra Pepper, in lots to suit the purchasers. 1822 T. Hardwicke in Trans. Linnean Soc. 13 236 The ears of the Sumatra Dog are more rounded. 1880 Jrnl. Straits Branch Royal Asiatic Soc. Dec. 197 Nearly a thousand Sumatra men..went to Jelabu to demand satisfaction. 1930 National Geographic Mag. Feb. 194/2 Sumatra women are camera-shy. 2004 N. Tarling Nationalism in Southeast Asia v. 134 Even when the Sumatra policy changed no promises were made about Malaya. C2. Sumatra benzoin n. benzoin obtained from the Benjamin tree Styrax benzoin. ΚΠ 1850 J. Pereira Elements Materia Medica (ed. 3) II: Pt. i. 1521 The several sorts of benzoin met with in commerce may be conveniently arranged under two heads, viz. Siam benzoin and Sumatra benzoin. 1952 A. F. Hill Econ. Bot. (ed. 2) vii. 169 Sumatra benzoin, from Styrax Benzoin, occurs in reddish or grayish-brown blocks or lumps, composed of masses of tears stuck together. 2010 Indonesia 90 24 The import of Sumatra benzoin (tree resin) for use in Buddhist rituals in temples and homes is also significant. Sumatra camphor n. camphor obtained from the camphor tree Dryobalanops aromatica; (also) the tree itself (more fully Sumatra camphor tree).Also called Borneo camphor, Malay camphor. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > extracted or refined oil > [noun] > camphor camphor1313 Sumatra camphora1760 Borneo camphora1811 Malay camphor1837 turpentine camphor1857 tub-camphor1880 Japan camphor1882 Japanese camphor- a1760 C. Alston Lect. Materia Medica (1770) II. lxxviii. 406 As for the Borneo Camphire, which is said to be 100 times dearer in the Indies than the Japanese,..and the Sumatra Camphire, if different, I know nothing of them, and never heard of their being brought to Europe. 1886 Jrnl. Straits Branch Royal Asiatic Soc. 18 308 Sumatra Camphor (Dryobalanops aromatica)... Private enterprise will hardly ever successfully cultivate the plant, owing to the time which is required to elapse between first outlay and first income. 1924 Australasian 28 June 1376/4 It furnishes a liquid called camphor oil, and a crystalline solid known as Sumatra camphor. 2006 M. Allaby Trop. Forests xi. 171 Seeds of the Sumatra camphor tree (Dryobalanops aromatica) contain 44 percent water by weight and so are able to germinate quickly. Sumatra cat n. now historical a leopard cat (genus Prionailurus) found on Sumatra, originally regarded as a separate species and now considered to be a form of the Sunda leopard cat, P. javanensis. ΚΠ 1821 E. Griffith Descr. Vertebrated Animals: Carnivora 54 The Sumatra Cat. Felis Sumatrana. Raffles. This is another species of the cat recently brought to light. 1855 Child's Educator viii. 345/1 The Rimau-Dahan, Felis macrocelis, a native of Sumatra and China, is an interesting animal, and kindred to the foregoing, as is also the tiger or Sumatra cat, Felis Sumatrana. 2004 Zoos' Print Jrnl. 19 1475/1 It [sc. the Leopard Cat Prionailurus bengalensis] was originally thought to be several different species, and, therefore, given many different names, including Jerdon's Cat, Elliot's Cat, Sumatra Cat and Chinese Cat. Sumatra monkey n. now rare any of various monkeys native to Sumatra; (formerly) spec. the mitred leaf monkey, Presbytis melalophos (obsolete).Cf. Sumatran monkey n. at Sumatran n. and adj. Compounds 2. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > mammals > order Primates > suborder Anthropoidea (higher primates) > [noun] > group Catarrhinae (Old World monkey) > family Cercopithecidae > subfamily Colobinae > genus Presbytis (langur) > species of Negro monkey1771 douc1774 simpai1820 lotong1824 entellus1843 Hanuman1843 Sumatran monkey1849 Sumatra monkey1877 tchincou1891 1877 Cassell's Nat. Hist. I. 92 (caption) The Sumatra monkey. 1903 Boy's Own Paper 3 Oct. 57/2 A sheath-knife would purchase a nice Sumatra monkey. 1952 Brisbane Tel. 26 Feb. 7/1 ‘Scouser’, the Sumatra monkey aboard the British tanker Nuttalia, does not appreciate the clothes crewmen made for him and tries to take them off. † Sumatra orange n. Obsolete the mock orange Murraya paniculata. ΚΠ 1883 W. R. Guilfoyle Catal. Plants Melbourne Bot. Gardens 105 Murraya sumatrana... Sumatra Orange. Hardy evergreen shrub. 1890 Cent. Dict. IV. 3902/2 M[urraya] exotica has been called Chinese box, and its very large variety (sometimes regarded as a species, M[urraya] Sumatrana) Sumatra orange. 1893 F. P. Foster Illustr. Encycl. Med. Dict. IV. 2351/2 Sumatra orange... The bark and the leaves are used in asthma, and the latter externally in local paralyses. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2019; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1704
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