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单词 such
释义

suchadj.pron.

Brit. /sʌtʃ/, U.S. /sətʃ/
Forms: 1.

α. Old English suælc, Old English suelc, Old English suoelc, Old English swælc, Old English swelc, Middle English suelk, Middle English swelk. See swilk adj., pron., and adv.c725 Corpus Gloss. (Hessels) A 204 At queue, end suelce.] c831 Charter in Old Eng. Texts 446 Suelc man se ðisses landes bruce.c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xix Ne se deað þeah swelces ne recþ.c950 Lindisf. Gosp. Matt. ix. 8 Potestatem talem, mæht suælc.

β. Old English swilc, Old English–Middle English suilc, Middle English suilch, Middle English swilch. See also swilk adj., pron., and adv.c725 Corpus Gloss. (Hessels) A 881 Atqueve, onsuilce.] c831 Charter in Old Eng. Texts 446 Suilc man sue hit awege.c995 Anc. Charters B. Mus. Cott. viii. 38 On bocum & an swilcum lytlum.1154 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) anno 1137 Þe land was al fordon mid suilce dædes.c1160 Hatton Gosp. Matt. ix. 8 Swilcne anweald.a1200 Moral Ode 220 Swilche freonde.c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 11 Alle þo þe leueð þat swilch þing hem muge furðrie oðer letten.c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 165 Of swilch mai grisen men þe ani god cunnen.

γ. Old English–Middle English swulc, Old English–Middle English swylc, Old English–Middle English swylic, Middle English swulcch, Middle English swulch, Middle English swulne (accusative singular masculine). c897 K. Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care (Cott. MS.) xxxvii. 264 Ða swylcan.a950 Ælfred's Boeth. (Cott. MS.) xxxix. §2 He ne con ongitan..forhwy swylc God geþafað.OE Beowulf 880 Swulces hwæt.OE Judith 65 Hæfde ða his ende gebidenne on eorðan unswæslicne, swylcne he ær æfter worhte.1032 in Anglia XI. 9 Na hyrde we..ænig wurde hus aræred swylic þæt mære wæs.c1175 12th Cent. Hom. 2 Swylce tacnæ wurcen swylce ðu wyrcst.c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 185 Swulc se he hit here makeð.c1230 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Corpus Cambr.) (1962) 195 Ich wat swuch þet bereð..heui brunie. & here.c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 2666 Þanne we nimen swulne [c1300 Otho sochne] ræd.c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 2660 Sone swa heo ihurden swulch worde.

2.

α. Middle English schweche, Middle English schwesche, Middle English suweche, Middle English sweche, Middle English swheche, Middle English zuech (Kent). a1250 Owl & Night. (Jesus Oxf.) 1711 Heo wolde..yeue answere..myd sweche worde.a1300 Deb. Body & Soul in Map's Poems (Camden) 338 Suweche fyve als is in werld of alle thinges.1340 Ayenbite (1866) 156 Be zueche fables wes y-woned þe wyse man teche his mayne.c1340 Leg. Rood 223 Swech deþ he under feng.c1450 J. Capgrave Life St. Augustine (1910) 1 Swech tresour as I haue in possession.1466–7 Mann. & Househ. Exp. (Roxb.) 171 At schwesche a pryse as ȝe kane akorde.

β. Middle English schuuych, Middle English siwiche, Middle English sqwyche, Middle English suich, Middle English suwiche, Middle English suych, Middle English svich, Middle English swic, Middle English swiche, Middle English swych, Middle English swyche, Middle English swyhc, Middle English swyhche, Middle English swyk, Middle English zuich (Kent), Middle English zuych, Middle English (1800s dialect (Gloucestershire)) swich. See swilk adj., pron., and adv.c1175 Lamb. Hom. 157 Swiche teres schedde ure drihten.a1200 Moral Ode 80 Nis na lauerd swich se is crist, ne king swuch ure drihten.c1290 S. Eng. Leg. 459 Men þat schuuych torment iseiȝen.1340 Ayenbite (1866) 37 Of zuichen þer byeþ uele maneres.a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Gött.) l. 10 King arthour, þat was so riche, [W]as non in his time funden suiche [Vesp. like].c1400 ( G. Chaucer Treat. Astrolabe (Cambr. Dd.3.53) (1872) Prol. 2 Swich a child.1426 J. Lydgate tr. G. de Guileville Pilgrimage Life Man 17162 In Thapocalyps off Johan Swych a beste fond I noon.c1440 Promptorium Parvulorum 483/2 Swyche (H. swyhche, P. suche), talis. ▸ 1449 J. Metham Amoryus & Cleopes (1916) l. 1211 In sqwyche a case, or sqwyche a chauns.1461 J. Gresham in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) II. 239 Suyche as arn right credible.1462 M. Paston in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 279 Swyche talkyng.

γ. Middle English shwuch, Middle English swoch, Middle English swuc, Middle English swucch, Middle English swuch. a1200 [see β. forms]. ?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 88 Swich gruwinge hesde his monliche flesch.c1230 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Corpus Cambr.) (1962) 161 Wreaðen swuch feader & sweamen swuch wardein.c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 9157 Ofte heo eoden to ræde of swucchere [c1300 Otho solchere] neode.c1290 S. Eng. Leg. 384 I nam no kyng swuch þing to habbe.a1399 Pol. Poems (Rolls) I. 271 Swoch claterers.

3.

α. Middle English solch, Middle English sulch, Middle English swlc, Middle English swlch. An early northern example of absorption of the w is given by soelce adv. in Rituale Eccl. Dunelm. 19, 69.c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 1409 Swlc [c1300 Otho soch] werc him þuhte swiðe muri.c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 337 Brutus hine bi-þohte of swlchere [c1300 Otho solchere] neode.

β. Middle English selk, Middle English selke, Middle English silk, Middle English silke, Middle English sulk, Middle English sulke. See swilk adj., pron., and adv.

4.

α. Middle English sech (dialect and nonstandard), Middle English seche, Middle English setch (dialect and nonstandard). c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 1543 A hundreth of seche As I am.c1400 Anturs of Arth. xxxi. (Taylor) Seche game, and siche glee, Seȝhe he neuyr are.c1450 Mirk's Festial 51 Seche he avaunset.1847 W. M. Thackeray Vanity Fair (1848) xvi. 141 Sech a business.1885 Leland Brand-new Ballads (ed. 2) 126 Setch a set of scallawags as these I never saw.

β. (a) Middle English sych, Middle English syche, Middle English–1500s siche, Middle English– sich (now dialect), 1700s– sitch, 1700s– zich (south-western and Ireland), 1700s– zitch (south-western and Ireland). c1250 Kent. Serm. in Old Eng. Misc. 32 Swiche lorde þet siche miracle mai do.c1380 Eng. Wycliffite Serm. in Sel. Wks. II. 317 Worldly men ben siche men þat þe world haþ overcomen. c14002 [see α. forms]. a1425 tr. Arderne's Treat. Fistula 92 With þis puluis haue I cured sich fikez.1487 in H. E. Malden Cely Papers (1900) 168 The ceson ys syche at Bruges now that [etc.].c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 11340 Syche counsell..kepe I none of.a1557 J. Cheke tr. Gospel St. Matthew (1843) iii. 15 Let sich thinges go now.1746 Exmoor Scolding (ed. 3) i. 3 Ees ded'nt thenk tha had'st a be' zitch a Labb o' tha Tongue.1782 E. Blower George Bateman I. 86 I had sitch an affection for him.1838 C. Dickens Oliver Twist I. xv. 245 Oh, you naughty boy, to make me suffer such distress.a1847 George Ridler's Oven vii, in Halliwell Dict. p. xviii My dog has gotten zitch a trick.1847 C. Dickens Dombey & Son (1848) xxxix. 395 Sitch is his conscience!1863 Southern Confederacy (Atlanta) 13 May 2/1 The buryal squad organized fust and foremost, and begun to inter ther money and spoons and 4 pronged forks and sich like.1867 W. F. Rock Jim an' Nell lxxxvii. 25 Ha isn't worth zich trouble.1890 R. Kipling in Scots Observer 28 June 149 Don't call your Martini a cross-eyed old bitch; She's human as you are—you treat her as sich.1938 M. K. Rawlings Yearling xvi. 185 ‘Is that true, Buck?’ Buck whittled busily. ‘Now if you was to tell me a tale,’ he said, ‘I'd not ask you no sich of a question.’1953 E. Simon Past Masters iii. 191 ‘But I did it in my own time,’ said Monro... ‘There ain't no sich thing, old son.’1981 P. Macdonald One Way Street i. 9 These bloody English..have put their imprint on this place in sich a way as to make yew want to heave. (b) Middle English schych, 1500s scheich, 1500s schiche, 1500s shyche, 1500s shytt. ?a1400 Kyng & Hermyt 281 in Remains Early Pop. Poetry Eng. (1864) I. 24 Aboute schych mastery.1512–13 Trevelyan Papers iii. (Camden) 9 Schiche mo[r]tuaries as ys due.1512–13 Trevelyan Papers iii. (Camden) 9 He sayth that Jamys Clarke..wyll no paye ye scheichys dwttes.1556 H. Machyn Diary (1848) 119 Ane shytt person.1556 H. Machyn Diary (1848) 133 Shyche a man.

γ. (a) Middle English socch, Middle English sooche, Middle English succh, Middle English sucche, Middle English suuche, Middle English swche, Middle English–1500s soch, Middle English–1500s soche, Middle English–1600s souche, Middle English–1600s suche, Middle English– such, 1500s souch, 1500s soyche, 1500s sutche, 1500s zutche (dialect (south-western)), 1500s–1600s sutch. a1250 Owl & Night. (Jesus Oxf.) 1511 Þe vle wes glad of suche tale.c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 247 To wroþer heore hele habbeð heo such [c1300 Otho soch] werc i-don.1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xvi. 112 Ofte he heled suche.c1380 J. Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 455 Alle men tristynge in socche indulgencis.c1400 Brut. i. lxxxv. 87 The Emperour loste soche foure of his folc as dede Kyng Arthur.1487 Will of Elizabeth Poynings in Paston Lett. & Papers (2004) I. 211 Specially souche as haue knowen me.?1529 Proper Dyaloge Gentillman & Husbandman sig. A iijv I and suche other.1535 Bible (Coverdale) Ep. To make soch meanes for vs vnto his heauenly father.1551 T. Wilson Rule of Reason sig. Eiij To kepe suche Ceremonies.1555 Cal. Anc. Rec. Dublin (1889) 442 Whoosomever doo not observe souche ordre.a1568 R. Ascham Scholemaster (1570) ii. f. 49 Any soch thing.1574 in W. H. Turner Select. Rec. Oxf. (1880) 354 Soyche as should plye ther bockes.1577 N. Breton Floorish vpon Fancie sig. Bij Sutch his schollers are.1585 in Eng. Hist. Rev. (1914) Jan. 113 Souche of the comen howse as they made choice of.1586 J. Ferne Blazon of Gentrie 188 Giffe she put zutche a vermine beast, in trust to keepe it.1661 Prince Rupert in 11th Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS (1887) App. v. 8 Souche that comands those that stay on these frontirs. (b) Middle English schwsche, Middle English scuch, Middle English shoch, Middle English shuc, 1500s scwch, 1500s–1600s shuch, 1500s–1600s shuche, 1800s shut (dialect). c1250 Long Life 27 in Old Eng. Misc. 156 Weilawei shuc weneð to lede.c1250 Moral Ode 222 in Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 29 God sculde alle godes frend a wihd scuche freonde.1303 R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne 3044 No shoch kote to þe shulde be.1466–7 Mann. & Househ. Exp. (Roxb.) 172 I have ȝeffen ȝowe no schwsche kawse.1501 Cal. Anc. Rec. Dublin (1889) 388 A reysonable day scwch as pleace the maysteres to gywe.c1538 in Archbold Somerset Relig. Houses (1892) 85 Schuche as were as warthy as some other.1548 H. Latimer Notable Serm. sig. C.vv There was neuer suche a preacher..as he is.1556 in J. G. Nichols Chron. Grey Friars (1852) 55 Then was made a proclamacyon agayne shoche sayers.1638 in Hamilton Papers (1880) 34 All shuch horses that should pase through that toune.1915 N.E.D. at Such Mod. (Birmingham). Shut a lot.

Etymology: Old English swelc , swilc , swylc , corresponding to Old Frisian sellich , -ik , selk , sek , sullik , sulch , sulk (modern Frisian suk , sok ), Old Saxon sulîk , (solîk ), Middle Low German sol(l)ik , sollek , solk (Low German sü(l)k , sö(l)k ), Middle Dutch sulc , selc , solc , swilc , swelc , also sulic , -ec (Dutch zulk , West Flemish also zuk ), Old High German sulîh , -ich , -ech , solîh , -ech , solch- , sol- (Middle High German solich , solch , solh , also sölch , sölh , sülich , sülc , sölk , selch , silch , modern German solch ), Old Norse slíkr (Middle Swedish sliker , Swedish slik , Danish slig ) whence slike adj., Gothic swaleiks < Germanic *swalîko- , *swilîko- , lit. so formed, < swa so adv. and conj. + *lîko- body, form (compare like adj.). The Old English swelc and swilc represent primitive *swalîko- and *swilîko- respectively, the latter being an analogical formation on *hwilîko- which adj. and pron.; compare Old English hwilc beside hwelc ( < *hwalîko- ), and Gothic hwileiks . Evidence for the rounding of swilc to swylc appears late in the 9th cent., and a sporadic spelling swulc is found from c1000. Swylc and swulc became in Middle English swülch , swulch , which, by the absorption of w and loss of l , gave such (in Middle English written also soch ), the modern standard form. The dropping of w was carried through into the other types swe(l)ch and swi(l)ch , whence the widespread dialect forms sech and sich . Thus, and by similar cross-influences, a large variety of forms arose, which can be grouped according to (1) the quality of the vowel, (2) the retention or loss of w , (3) the retention or loss of l , as well as (4) the palatalization or non-palatalization of c . The unpalatalized forms swilk adj., pron., and adv. and sic adj. (swelk, swik, silk, etc.) are treated separately in their alphabetical places.The vocalism of the continental forms is in many points obscure. Some of them indicate the possibility of there having been new formations distinct from the original types, and there has no doubt been interaction of the forms of which adj. and pron., the development of which, presumably on account of the difference of the initial sound, has not been entirely parallel.
Signification.
Such is a demonstrative word used to indicate the quality or quantity of a thing by reference to that of another or with respect to the effect that it produces or is capable of producing. Thus, syntactically, such may have backward or forward reference; in the uses of branch I it has the former, in those of branch II mainly the latter.
The use of such and such a in the attributive position is illustrated in detail only in sense 1, but the same rules apply to the adjective generally; for special uses see branch IV.
I. Of the type previously mentioned, and related uses.
1. Of the character, degree, or extent described, referred to, or implied in what has been said.
a. With singular noun.
(a) With a concrete noun, or an abstract noun used in a particularized sense; now superseded by such a (see 1a(c) below) except poetic.
ΚΠ
971 Blickl. Hom. 189 Hwa lyfde þe þæt þu swylce scylde gefremedest?
a1122 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) ann. 1087 Hwam ne mæg earmian swylcere tide?
a1250 Owl & Night. (Jesus Oxf.) 1496 Hw may þer eny luue beo, Hwar such mon gropeþ hire þeo?
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 2703 To swulche forward we beoð hidere isende.
c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women Prol. 474 To be war from falsenesse & from vice By swich ensaumple.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) l. 4379 Whoso bigynne wol siche þing him owe to þinke on þe endyng.
1589 G. Puttenham Arte Eng. Poesie ii. viii. 67 If one should rime to this word [Restore] he may not match him with [Doore]..such rime is strained.
1646 R. Crashaw Sospetto d'Herode li, in Steps to Temple 68 She thinkes not fit such he her face should see.
1749 S. Johnson Vanity Human Wishes 23 Such Age there is, and who could wish its End?
1807 W. Wordsworth Poems II. 143 Such Picture would I at that time have made.
1842 T. B. Macaulay Horatius l Was none who would be foremost To lead such dire attack.
a1849 T. L. Beddoes Dream-pedlary ii, in Poems (1851) I. 185 Such pearl from Life's fresh crown Fain would I shake me down.
(b) With an abstract noun used in a general sense.
ΚΠ
971 Blickl. Hom. 85 Ne us næfre swylce ege ne wearþ..geendebyrded.
c1100 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (MS. F) ann. 995 Hi wurðan ða swyðe bliþe þurh swilce wissunge.
c1275 Sinners Beware 171 in Old Eng. Misc. 77 From sucche lecherye Heo schule to helle cume.
?a1366 Romaunt Rose 697 Than wist I..That ydelnesse me serued well That me putte in sich Iolite.
c1450 (c1400) Emaré (1908) 626 Be stylle, syr,..Lette syche mornynge bene.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) 2 Sam. xiii. 12 Do not thou soch foly.
1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene iii. i. sig. Cc4 Such loue is hate, and such desire is shame.
1700 J. Dryden Flower & Leaf in Fables 386 Such Joy my Soul, such Pleasures fill'd my Sight.
1777 E. Burke Corr. (1844) II. 158 Such partiality to his endeavours.
1816 M. Edgeworth Prussian Vase in Moral Tales (ed. 7) 220 I little thought, that I should so soon be in such need of them.
1844 E. B. Browning Lost Bower xxxix She never sings such music.
(c) such a: see (a). (Cf. German solch ein.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > quantity > degree or relative amount of a quality, action, etc. > [adverb] > to this or that extent
thusa700
soc888
asOE
so mucha1225
such ac1275
as‥soc1340
thisc1460
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 9422 For ȝet næt hit neoðer..þat of Vðere Pendragune scal arisen swilc a sune.
c1290 Beket 1255 in S. Eng. Leg. 142 He þonkede god þat swuch a prelat under him moste beo.
13.. Bonaventura's Medit. 813 Þere was neuer womman bare swyche a chylde.
1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 42 Ther may noman finde The rihte salve of such a Sor.
c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (1839) Prol. 3 Righte wel oughte us for..to drede and serven suche a Lord.
c1500 Melusine (1895) 360 Sayeng þat neuer tofore they herd of suche a thing.
1606 G. Chapman Gentleman Vsher ii. sig. C Now such a huddle and kettle neuer was.
1664 S. Butler Hudibras: Second Pt. ii. ii. 128 Else when we put it to the push, They had not giv'n us such a brush.
1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 23. ¶2 He does not believe any the most Comick Genius can censure him for talking upon such a Subject at such a Time.
1821 W. Scott Kenilworth II. x. 264 Thou didst ill to speak to such a man of such matters.
1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. 436 The Prince declared that to avert the horrors of such a persecution was one of his chief objects.
(d) a such. (Cf. French un tel, German ein solcher.)
ΚΠ
a1240 Sawles Warde in Old Eng. Hom. I. 251 To a swuch bale.
1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 379 Lute wonder it was Þat strange men in is owe lond dude a such trespas.
1307 Elegy on Edw. I ix Wel longe we mowe clepe & crie, Er we a such kyng han y-founde!
b. with plural noun.
ΚΠ
a950 Boeth. Metr. x. 55 Se [hlisa] is eac to lytel swelcra lariowa.
c1175 Lamb. Hom. 157 Swiche teres scedde M. Magdalene þa heo wosch ure drihtenes fet.
1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 154 Þat water of baþe is þat on þat euere is iliche hot... Swiche baþes þer beþ fale.
c1390 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Vernon) (1867) A. Prol. 32 Summe chosen Chaffare to cheeuen þe bettre, As hit semeþ to vre siht þat suche men scholden.
1393 W. Langland Piers Plowman C. i. 64 Bote holy churche & charite choppe a-doun swich shryuers.
a1425 [see β. forms].
1526 Bible (Tyndale) Rom. ii. 2 That the iudgement of God is accordynge to trueth, agaynst them which commit soche thynges.
1579 S. Gosson Schoole of Abuse f. 12 The abuse of such places was so great that [etc.].
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost vi. 401 Such high advantages thir innocence Gave them above thir foes. View more context for this quotation
1725 I. Watts Logick 332 Such indirect and remote arguments may also be sometimes used to confirm a proposition which has been before proved by arguments more direct and immediate.
1808 W. Scott Marmion i. xxvi. 48 I love such holy ramblers.
1881 St. G. Mivart Cat 128 Some muscles attached to a long bone which is relatively fixed at one end, tend to make it describe..a movement of circumduction. Such muscles are termed Rotators.
1892 M. Oliphant Hist. Sketch Queen Anne (1894) vi. 304 [He] was..indignant with the highflyers for expressing such opinions.
2. Standing predicatively at the beginning of a sentence or clause, and referring summarily to a statement or description just made.In Middle English such is (+ infinitive) often = This is what it is (to be, etc.). such is life! (see life n. Phrases 9c).
ΚΠ
1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 8675 Such it is to be ssrewe.
1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 11736 Suich was þe morþre of einesham, uor bataile non it nas.
c1320 Cast. Love 1161 Such beo þe duntes of batayle Þat he þolede for vs.
a1330 Roland & V. 75 Þai toke him þe letter & kist his hand, Swiche was þe lawe of þe land.
c1381 G. Chaucer Parl. Foules 570 Lo sich it is to haue a tunge loos.
c1405 (c1387–95) G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 487 And swich he was proued ofte sythes.
a1500 (?c1450) Merlin xxxii. 632 Soche was the a-vision that I saugh in my slepe.
1567 W. Painter Palace of Pleasure II. xxix. f. 321 Such was ye desires of these two Louers.
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iv, in tr. Virgil Wks. 143 He first, and close behind him follow'd she, For such was Proserpine's severe Decree. View more context for this quotation
1716 A. Pope tr. Homer Iliad II. viii. 595 For such is Fate, nor can'st thou turn its Course.
1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth IV. 197 Such these animals appeared when brought into Europe.
1818 W. Scott Heart of Mid-Lothian iii, in Tales of my Landlord 2nd Ser. III. 75 The Lady..did not..ring a bell, because such was not the fashion of the time, but she whistled on a silver-call.
1837 J. G. Lockhart Mem. Life Scott I. vi. 178 Such was the germ of the magnificent library and museum of Abbotsford.
1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. III. xi. 71 His Majesty,—such was now the language of too many Anglican divines,—would have been [etc.].
1864 C. Dickens Our Mutual Friend (1865) I. i. ii. 6 With a mournful air—as who should say, ‘Here is another wretched creature come to dinner; such is life!
1890 A. Conan Doyle White Company v At the end of a year he would be free to return to the cloisters, for such had been his father's bequest.
1896 Law Q. Rev. July 201 If such be the law, we are pretty sure it is not the law Parliament intended to make.
3. Of the same kind or class as something mentioned or referred to; of that kind; similar, the like. Obsolete or archaic, except in collocation with a numeral, indefinite adjective, etc. (see branch V.).
ΚΠ
c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 45 Mid þese þre lokes..and mid swiche weldede.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 3272 Æuere he þohte embe uuel and swulche weoren his dede.
1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis III. 312 Anon was mad a cofre sich.
c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (1839) xix. 205 A Pipe or a Penne or suche a thing.
c1450 Two Cookery Bks. 83 Take faire peces of paynmain, or elles of such tendur brede.
1600 W. Shakespeare Merchant of Venice iv. i. 96 Let their beds be made as soft as yours, and let their pallats be seasond with such viands. View more context for this quotation
1609 W. Shakespeare Sonnets liv. sig. D4 The Canker bloomes haue full as deepe a die, As the perfumed tincture of the Roses, Hang on such thornes, and play as wantonly. View more context for this quotation
1616 W. Browne Britannia's Pastorals II. i. 12 Of Rotchets, Whitings, or such common fish.
1697 W. Dampier New Voy. around World v. 97 Penguins..are a Sea Fowl, about as big as a Duck, and such Feet.
1771 Encycl. Brit. II. 698/1 The protractor is a small semicircle of brass, or such solid matter.
1796 E. Inchbald Nature & Art (1820) xi. 27 You are my father—you have just such eyes, and such a forehead.
1829 W. Scott Anne of Geierstein I. vii. 186 Fustian, hides, peltry, and such ordinary articles.
4. Equivalent to a descriptive adjective or adverb on which it follows closely and the repetition of which is thus avoided. (Cf. sense 22)So is now preferred.
ΚΠ
c897 K. Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care xvi. 101 Hu he wolde ðæt mon him miltsode gif he suelc wære.
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 154 Sulliche Maȝen heo seggen þe findeð swich þe taile.
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 51 ‘Ich habbe a to kuead heaued.’ And he zayþ zoþ, uor he heþ hit zuych ymad.
c1400 N. Love tr. Bonaventura Mirror Life Christ (1908) 58 They wolde not be seyn suche in other mennes siȝt.
c1405 (c1387–95) G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 315 Discreet he was and of greet reuerence He semed swich.
1590 E. Spenser Faerie Queene iii. vii. sig. Ii4v [He] rather ioyd to bee, then seemen sich.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost iii. 100 Such I created all th' Ethereal Powers And Spirits. View more context for this quotation
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost v. 521 That thou art happie, owe to God; That thou continu'st such, owe to thy self. View more context for this quotation
1697 J. Dryden Ded. Æneis in tr. Virgil Wks. sig. a1 A Heroick Poem, truly such.
1825 W. Scott Talisman xv, in Tales Crusaders IV. 325 The pointless lances of the preceding day were certainly no longer such.
1866 C. Kingsley Hereward the Wake I. ix. 214 Robert, who thought himself as good as his brother (though he was not such, save in valour).
5. The previously described or specified; the (person or thing) before mentioned.In this sense such (not such a) is usual with a singular noun.
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a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) l. 10869 Þou shal conceyue a childe & bere..And his name shal þou iesu calle... Suche wordes were seide to marie.
1452 in Hist. MSS Comm.: Rep. MSS Var. Coll. (1907) IV. 201 in Parl. Papers (Cd. 3218) LXIV. 1 Unto the tyme they have founde suerte of ther gode beringe; and yf they fynde not suche suerte, [etc.].
1491 in J. T. Fowler Chartularium Abbathiæ de Novo Monasterio (1875) 252 If eny..recouere happyn agenste eny of ye said partiez..yt partie..ayenst whome sich recouere is had [etc.].
1551 J. Williams Acct. Monastic Treasures (1836) 1 All and singuler souche Redye money.
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost v. 26 Such whispering wak'd her. View more context for this quotation
1680 in N. Bouton Provinc. Papers New-Hampsh. (1867) I. 388 If any Christian..shall speak contempteously of the Holy Scriptures..such person or persons shall be punished.
1771 Encycl. Brit. II. 698/2 Any number of inches,..with any part of an inch, can be taken.., providing such part be greater than the one hundredth part of an inch.
1818 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. (ed. 2) VI. 332 For default of such issue, viz. that issue which is before mentioned.
1828 Moore's Pract. Navigator (ed. 20) 120 As ships never run such dist[ance] in 24 hours.
1835 T. Carlyle Let. 4 June in Coll. Lett. T. & J. W. Carlyle (1981) VIII. 136 My true wish is that such creed may long hold compactly together in you.
1878 Act 41 & 42 Vict. c. 53 §2 A gratuity awarded..to any clerk shall be estimated according to the period during which such clerk has served.
II. Where the meaning is determined by reference to a correlative or subordinate clause.
6.
a. With such in both clauses: in Old English swelc..swelc; later such as..such = Latin qualis..talis, except in proverbial sentences of the type ‘Such master, such man’.
ΚΠ
a901 Laws Ælfred i. xi Mid swelce hrægle he ineode, mid swelce gange he ut.
971 Blickl. Hom. 59 Eal swylce seo lange mettrumnes biþ þæs seocan mannes, þonne [etc.]..swylc is þæt lif þysses middangeardes.
OE Beowulf 1328 Swylc scolde eorl wesan, æþeling ærgod, swylc Æschere wæs!
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 235 To zuiche lhorde zuich maine.
1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 360 Such Capitein such retenue.
c1400 Pilgr. Sowle (1859) iv. xxix. 61 Suche as is the kynge,..suche is the peple.
1474 W. Caxton tr. Game & Playe of Chesse (1883) ii. ii. 33 Suche moder, suche doughter, comunely.
a1540 R. Barnes Wks. (1573) 189/1 No doubt the prouerbe is true, such lippes such lectuse, such saintes such miracles.
1548 H. Latimer Notable Serm. sig. C Such as the noble men be, suche wyll the people be.
1549 Bk. Common Prayer (STC 16267) Euensong f. vi Such as the father is, suche is the sonne.
1560 Bible (Geneva) 2 Cor. x. 11 Suche as we are in worde by letters when we are absent; suche wil we be also in dede, when we are present.
1586 A. Day Eng. Secretorie i. sig. P7v Consider that such as is the tree such is the fruit.
1619 E. M. Bolton tr. Florus Rom. Hist. ii. xviii. 226 It is a saying, that Such as the captaine is, such is the souldier.
1725 G. Berkeley Proposal in Wks. (1871) III. 223 Such as their trade is, such is their wealth.
1821 W. Scott Pirate III. iii. 67 He is dame Norna's servant it's like,—such man, such mistress!
1899 W. Besant Orange Girl ii. xxvi. 431 Such as they are, such they have been made.
b. With one of the correlatives omitted: = Such as. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
OE Beowulf 72 Ond þær on innan eall gedælan geongum ond ealdum, swylc him God sealde.
a1000 Cædmon's Dan. 66 Gehlodon him to huðe hordwearda gestreon, fea & freos, swilc þær funden wæs.
a1200 Moral Ode 80 Nis na lauerd swich se is crist ne king swuch ure drihten.
a1200 Moral Ode 120 Al his lif scal bon suilch boð his endinge.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 2072 He somenede færd swulc [c1300 Otho soch] nes næuere eær on erde.
c1275 Laȝamon Brut 3892 Her com a selcouþ tockne soch neuere ne com.
c. With what as the correlative in the subordinate clause. rare.
ΚΠ
1834 Tracts for Times No. 24. 5 What the Apostles are in St. Paul's Epistles, such the Bishops are in those of Ignatius.
1850 J. H. Newman Lect. Diffic. Anglicans (1891) I. i. xii. 379 What Arius, Nestorius, or Eutyches were then, such are Luther and Calvin now.
d. With adverb as as the correlative in the subordinate clause. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Judges viii. 21 As the man is, soch [1611 so] is also his strength.
?1611 G. Chapman tr. Homer Iliads xxiii. 517 As corn-ears do shine with dew..When fields set all their bristles up, in such a ruff wert thou, O Menelaus.
1659 J. Dryden Heroique Stanza's xiii, in E. Waller et al. Three Poems 4 He..made to battails such Heroick haste As if on wings of victory he flew.
1790 R. Burns Poems & Songs (1968) II. 552 As flames among a hundred woods, As headlong foam a hundred floods, Such is the rage of battle.
7.
a. With correlative as pronoun (see as conj. 17), Middle English also as that, taking the place of Old English swelce, swá. such as = Of the kind or degree that; the kind of (person or thing) that.According to the syntax of the subordinate clause, as may be equivalent to a relative in an oblique case = of, in, with (etc.) which.
ΚΠ
c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xxxiv. §10 Be swelcum gesceaftum swelce nane sawle nabbað.
971 Blickl. Hom. 95 Ealle hie sceolan þonne arisan..on swylcum heowe swa hie ær hie sylfe gefrætwodan.
c1100 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (MS. D) ann. 1058 Mid swilcan weorðscipe swa nan oðer ne dyde ætforan him.
a1122 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) ann. 1009 Þa com him swilc wind ongean swilce nan mann ær ne gemunde.
c1175 Lamb. Hom. 83 Þe sunne schineð þer þurh, and ho nimeð al swuch hou alse ho þer on uint.
a1225 Leg. Kath. 1852 Wið swuch dream..as drihtin deah to cumene.
c1230 Hali Meid. 5 Of..swuch wurðschipe, as hit is to beo godes spuse.
c1290 Beket 1204 in S. Eng. Leg. 141 Of swuch a frere ase ich am.
1340–70 Alex. & Dind. 855 Swiche werkus to swinke as oþur swainus vsen.
1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. xiii. 433 What dauid seith of suche men as þe sauter telleth.
1480 Cov. Leet Bk. 473 Before such persones and at such places as this case shall require.
1546 S. Gardiner Detection Deuils Sophistrie 228 Christ..is..mocked..wt such toyes and termes, as the Jewes deuised not more spitefull.
a1586 Sir P. Sidney Arcadia (1590) ii. vi. sig. R6v When..Musidorus tooke on such shepherdish apparell..as I now weare.
1638 J. Ford Fancies i. 13 Thy growth to such perfection, as no flattery Of art can perish now.
1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth VI. 82 If it be true that such meat as is the most dangerously earned is the sweetest.
1815 W. Scott Let. 19 Jan. (1933) IV. 12 To finish an odd little tale within such time as will mistify the public I trust.
1857 T. Hughes Tom Brown's School Days ii. ii. 259 We'll each of us give you such a thrashing as you'll remember.
1877 J. Ruskin St. Mark's Rest v. 65 Such a cloak for their commercial appetite as modern church-going is for modern swindling.
elliptical.1616 Treat. Princ. Dis. Eyes in W. Bayley Two Treat. Preserv. Eie-sight (new ed.) ii. 56 Wee must vse topicall meanes and such as are discussiue.1695 J. Dryden in tr. C. A. Du Fresnoy De Arte Graphica Pref. p. xii In these pompous Expressions, or such as these.1737 A. Pope Epist. of Horace ii. ii. 3 You love a Verse, take such as I can send.1780 Mirror No. 94 To guard such of my readers as should be disposed to indulge in it, against its..consequences.1821 W. Scott Kenilworth II. vi. 179 He is to have no access to the lady but such as I shall point out.1891 F. W. Farrar Darkness & Dawn II. xl. 64 All the ordinary conventions of a Roman marriage were carried out, except such as were purely pagan.
b. With as omitted. Obsolete. rare.
ΚΠ
1623 W. Shakespeare & J. Fletcher Henry VIII ii. ii. 101 They haue sent me such a Man, I would haue wish'd for. View more context for this quotation
8. With as followed by a relative usually in an oblique form. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1579 G. Fenton in tr. F. Guicciardini Hist. Guicciardin Ep. Ded. The man..was such one, as whose vertues were farre from all suspicion of parcialitie.
1619 E. M. Bolton tr. Florus Rom. Hist. i. xvi. 73 Our army being..shut vp within such a fastnesse, as out of which it could not escape.
1678 R. Cudworth True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. i. 17 Such a System of it, as from whence it would follow, that there could not be any God.
1678 R. Cudworth tr. Seneca in True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. iv. 198 By such a Nature, as which..is..Nescient of what it doth.
9. In uses marked by special word-order.
a. In predicative use.
ΚΠ
1154 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) ann. 1135 Þa..uuard þe sunne suilc als it uuare thre-niht ald mone.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 3513 His hæd wes swulc swa beoð gold.
1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. x. 253 Suche as þow semest in syȝte be in assay y-founde.
1421 26 Pol. Poems 83 Be suche wiþ-ynne, as ȝe outward seme.
c1450 J. Capgrave Life St. Augustine (1910) 38 Loke if ȝe be swech as þei be. Wold God ȝe were swech as I fynde hem.
1597 R. Hooker Of Lawes Eccl. Politie v. liv. 114 His [right] being such as wee cannot reach.
1630 Bp. J. Hall Occas. Medit. §ix O God, wee are such as thou wilt bee pleased to make us.
1794 A. Radcliffe Myst. of Udolpho IV. xvii. 382 Her conduct was such as might have been expected, from the weakness of her principles.
1817 J. Mill Hist. Brit. India II. v. vii. 598 Be the other virtues belonging to it such as they may.
1859 J. Ruskin Two Paths iii. §96 Your stuffs need not be such as would catch the eye of a duchess.
b. such as one or it is: having the character that he (it) has, no more and no less; used chiefly with a depreciatory or contemptuous reference, or apologetically.
ΘΚΠ
the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > be of no importance [phrase] > having the character he or it has
such as one or it isa1240
a1240 Ureisun in Old Eng. Hom. I. 201 Þet wule bi-cluppen þe þer swuch ase þu ert þer louerd of leoue.
a1240 Wohunge in Old Eng. Hom. I. 285 A wrecche bodi..bere ich ouer eorðe, and tat swuch as hit is haue ȝiuen..to þi seruise.
c1405 (c1390) G. Chaucer Reeve's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 201 If ther be eny Swich as it is, yet shal ye haue youre part.
a1538 T. Starkey Dial. Pole & Lupset (1989) 89 They have theyr servyce such as hyt ys al in theyr vulgare tong openly rehersyd.
1546 J. Heywood Dialogue Prouerbes Eng. Tongue ii. i. sig. Fiiv Many men wishte..Some well fauourd visor, on hir yll fauourd face. But with visorlike visage, suche as it was, She smyrkd, and she smylde.
1700 J. Dryden Fables Pref. sig. *Aij Thoughts, such as they are, come crowding in so fast upon me, that [etc.].
1719 D. Defoe Farther Adventures Robinson Crusoe 61 To get up upon their Feet, and perhaps put on a Coat, such as it was, and their Pumps.
1855 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. IV. xx. 463 Such as his mind was, it had been assiduously cultivated.
1878 T. Hardy Return of Native III. vi. i. 260 But, such as the rooms were, there were plenty of them.
c. In attributive use after its noun.
ΚΠ
c1000 Ælfric Lives Saints xxix. 263 Þa com þær heofonlic leoht..swilc swa hi ær ne gesawon.
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 56 Þer huer he makeþ his miracles zuiche ase behoueþ to þe dyeule.
a1464 J. Capgrave Abbreuiacion of Cron. (Cambr. Gg.4.12) (1983) 67 With wordis..swech as Seint Augustin wold neuir write.
c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) cxi. 385 A fyne shyrte and dobelet..such as he wold chose.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Comedy of Errors (1623) i. i. 80 A small spare Mast, Such as sea-faring men prouide for stormes. View more context for this quotation
1667 J. Milton Paradise Lost i. 620 Tears such as Angels weep. View more context for this quotation
1757 W. Wilkie Epigoniad iv. 95 Its music such, as when a stormy gale Roars thro' a hollow cliff.
1820 J. Keats Lamia i, in Lamia & Other Poems 5 A mournful voice, Such as once heard,..destroys All pain but pity.
1859 Ld. Tennyson Guinevere in Idylls of King 253 Beauty such as never woman wore.
d. Hence such as is used to introduce examples of a class: = for example, e.g.
ΚΠ
1695 J. Dryden in tr. C. A. Du Fresnoy De Arte Graphica Pref. p. xvi If..their Characters were wholly perfect, (such as for Example, the Character of a Saint or Martyr in a Play).
1774 O. Goldsmith Hist. Earth III. 198 All of the cat kind, such as the lion, the tiger, the leopard, and the ounce.
1779 Mirror No. 31 Writers, such as Theophrastus and La Bruyere.
1842 J. C. Loudon Suburban Horticulturist 282 The grafting of plants of one family on those of another totally opposite, such as the jessamine on the orange.
1875 W. S. Jevons Money xiii. 159 Many large gold coins, such as the..doubloon.
10.
a. The principal clause may be reduced to such and the words qualified by it for the purpose of producing a terse (exclamatory) form.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > quantity > degree or relative amount of a quality, action, etc. > [adjective] > of that kind or degree
suchc1420
c1420 Sir Amadace (Camden) xlix Seche a storme as thou was inne, That thou myȝte any socur wynne, A fulle fayre happe hit wase!
1779 J. Warner in J. H. Jesse G. Selwyn & his Contemp. (1844) IV. 271 Such a dinner as we had to-day!
1915 N.E.D. at Such Mod. Oh dear! Such a fuss as never was!
b. The clause introduced by as may be reduced to the subject only; when this is a pronoun, it may be either nominative or accusative, e.g. ‘such as me’ or ‘such as I’ (sc. am).
ΚΠ
c1000 Ælfric Homilies II. 162 Se wolde habban swilcne hlisan swa Benedictus.
c1412 T. Hoccleve De Regimine Principum 1144 Erthen vessel, to swich a man as me Ful sittyng is.
1598 W. Shakespeare Love's Labour's Lost iv. iii. 129 As his, your case is such . View more context for this quotation
a1616 W. Shakespeare Winter's Tale (1623) ii. i. 193 Others; such as he. View more context for this quotation
a1631 J. Donne Serm. (1953) I. 253 The Revelations of Brigid, and of Katherine, and such She-fathers as those.
1704 J. Addison in tr. Ovid Metamorph. in Poet. Misc.: 5th Pt. 73 This way of joining two such different Ideas as Chariot and Council to the same Verb.
1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 317. ¶3 Such a Road of Action, as that I have been speaking of.
1716 T. Hearne Remarks & Coll. (1901) V. 292, 4 Pillars,..of such Marble as the Pillars of Sarum Cathedral.
1740 S. Richardson Pamela I. xxiv. 67 He..look'd at me, and look'd as silly as such a poor Girl as I, I thought afterwards.
1831 W. Scott Count Robert vii, in Tales of my Landlord 4th Ser. II. 160 Instead of such language as this.
1841 M. Elphinstone Hist. India I. v. iv. 595 He replied..that barbarity such as his was unexampled among princes.
1885 ‘Mrs. Alexander’ At Bay ii. 36 Deering could not endure the companionship of such a man as Vincent.
c. there is such a thing as: a phrase used to hint or suggest that the thing referred to exists and therefore must be taken into account; often used colloquially to convey a veiled threat.
ΚΠ
1726 Bp. J. Butler 15 Serm. x. 199 It is manifest, that there is such a thing as this Self-partiality and Self-deceit.
1767 P. Gibbes Woman of Fashion II. 114 There is such a Thing as a Letter miscarrying.
1818 T. L. Peacock Nightmare Abbey xiii. 190 There is a girl concealed in this tower, and find her I will. There are such things as sliding pannels and secret closets.
1889 Sat. Rev. 23 Mar. 335/1 It may be said that there are such things as horsewhips, and it is thought that men have backs.
11. such..as (Old English swá): the..that, plural those..that; any or all..that; as many (or as much)..as.
ΚΠ
OE Soul & Body I 102 Sculon wit þonne eft ætsomne siððan brucan swylcra yrmða, swa ðu unc her ær scrife!
c1386 G. Chaucer Canon's Yeoman's Prol. 166 Swich thyng as that I knowe, I wol declare.
1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 70 Glad was hire innocence tho Of suche wordes as sche herde.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 259 Suche worde and werkis as we in lyue redy acountes mone we gyue.
1470 in Camden Misc. (1847) I. 6 A remembrance of suche actez and dedez as oure souveraigne lorde hadde done.
1534 T. Cromwell in R. B. Merriman Life & Lett. T. Cromwell (1902) I. 387 Certayne besynes..to be done..with soche spede and diligence as they convenyently may.
1545 R. Taverner tr. Erasmus Prouerbes (new ed.) sig. Gv Such ale as he hath brewed, let hi drinke him self.
1601 R. Dolman tr. P. de la Primaudaye French Acad. III. 420 All these things proceede from the diuersitie of the nature..of such humours as haue engendred them.
a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1734) II. 385 The Electress..was forced to submit to such Terms, as were imposed on her.
1835 J. Duncan Nat. Hist. Beetles (Naturalist's Libr.: Entomol. II) 182 This genus..comprehends such insects as have the antennæ slightly compressed.
1867 J. Ruskin Time & Tide ii. §5 There is a root of the very deepest..truth in the saying, which gives to it such power as it still retains.
predic.1737 Gentleman's Mag. May 261/2 These, being such as occur to my Memory at present.
12. With relative who, which (whence, where, etc.) or that (Old English þe, se þe): = ‘such..as’ (in senses 6, 11). Now rare and regarded as incorrect.
ΚΠ
c831 Charter in Old Eng. Texts 446 Suelc mon se ðet lond hebbe.
c1000 Ælfric Homilies II. 162 Þæt he ðone cwelmbæren hlaf..on swilcere stowe awurpe, ðær hine nan man findan ne mihte.
c1000 Ælfric Lives Saints Pref. 62 Buton he hæbbe..swylce þening men þe þeawfæstnysse him gebeodon.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 9448 Ich con swulcne leche-craft þe leof þe scal iwurðen.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 2117 Swulc [c1300 Otho woch] for-wonde man þe mid sorwe at-wand.
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 139 Alle zuiche þinges þet þe kueade poure deþ and þoleþ.
c1386 G. Chaucer Monk's Tale 741 Swich a reyn doun fro the welkne shadde That slow the fyr.
1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 57 Such thing wherof a man may lere That to vertu is acordant.
c1400 tr. Secr. Secr., Gov. Lordsh. 106 Þat þou chese of wyse men..sweche þat hauyn perfeccion of enournede eloquence.
c1405 (c1387–95) G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 3 Whan that Aueryll wt his shoures soote..hath..bathed euery veyne in swich lycour Of which vertu engendred is the flour.
1419 26 Pol. Poems 70 He þat..wole..suche games bygynne Where þat he wot he may not wynne.
1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) ix. 233 Lordes, lete vs doo suche a thyng, wherof we shall gete worshyp.
1515 in I. S. Leadam Select Cases Star Chamber (1911) II. 95 To occupie eny misterye or craft without thagrement of suche Craft that he desireth to be of.
1552–3 Act 7 Edw. VI c. 12 §11 At suche place, where he and his Familie..shall kepe his house.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Julius Caesar (1623) ii. i. 129 Such suffering Soules That welcome wrongs. View more context for this quotation
1662 E. Stillingfleet Origines Sacræ ii. i. §2 Such a person..who gave..evidence..that he acted no private design.
1709 J. Swift Project Advancem. Relig. 37 Such Men are often put into the Commission of the Peace, whose Interest it is, that Virtue should be utterly banished.
1709 J. Strype Ann. Reformation lii, 524 These..seemed to him..such which he never thought..would be seriously opposed.
1774 O. Goldsmith Grecian Hist. I. vii. 227 Such of his friends that had not forsaken him.
1818 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. (ed. 2) V. 211 The husband and wife had not such an estate in the land whereof a fine could be levied.
1829 W. Scott Anne of Geierstein II. ii. 33 Such prisoners from whom he was desirous of extorting..information.
1873 J. H. Newman Idea of Univ. (ed. 3) 431 In spite of such [1859 whatever] deductions from it that have to be made in detail.
1888 ‘S. Grand’ Ideala (1893) 229 Only such intellectual pursuits which are pleasant.
13.
a. Followed by a subordinate clause introduced by that, †so (that), †as, as that (now rare), or by as to (formerly only †to) with infinitive, expressing a consequence. The meaning of such tends to be intensive = so great, etc.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > quantity > degree or relative amount of a quality, action, etc. > [adverb] > to such an extent > to such an extent that
suchc1100
insomuch thata1450
insomuch as1579
insomuch1605
such1776
to where1933
to the point where1938
where1976
(a)
c1100 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (MS. F) ann. 995 Þes geares..wearð swylc mancwealm þæt na belaf binnan Cristes cyrcan butan fif munecan.
a1200 Moral Ode 395 Crist ȝyue us leden her swilc lif and habben her swilc ende þat we moten þuder come.
1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 252 To such prowesse he drou Þat al þe kun þat him iseiȝ adde of him ioye inou.
c1330 (?c1300) Guy of Warwick (Auch.) l. 266 Swiche iuel is comen him on Þat he weneþ his liif forgon.
c1405 (c1385) G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 4 He was..in his tyme swich a conquerour That gretter was ther noon vnder the sonne.
a1500 (?c1450) Merlin xxxiii. 694 I am soche a fole that I love a-nother better than my-self.
c1515 Ld. Berners tr. Bk. Duke Huon of Burdeux (1882–7) xciv. 304 He sounded the trompettes with suche brute that merauyle it was to here.
1600 J. Pory tr. J. Leo Africanus Geogr. Hist. Afr. iii. 109 There was such hauock made..that a sillie remnant of them was left alive.
1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 499. ¶3 This filled my Mind with such a huddle of Ideas, that..I fell into the following Dream.
a1715 Bp. G. Burnet Hist. Own Time (1724) I. 189 He was a very prudent man; and had such a management with it, that I never knew any Clergy-man so universally esteemed.
1800 W. Wordsworth Pet-lamb in Lyrical Ballads (ed. 2) II. 139 ‘Drink, pretty Creature, drink,’ she said in such a tone That I almost received her heart into my own.
1891 Law Times 90 411/2 Allowing a foundry and other property to fall into such a state of disrepair that it was impossible to let them.
without conjunction.c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 15767 Oswy is a swulc mon þine scome he wulle don.c1386 G. Chaucer Canon's Yeoman's Prol. & Tale 849 Lo swich a lucre is in this lusty game A mannes myrthe it wol turne vn-to grame.a1400 Minor Poems from Vernon MS xlii. 9 Þou art wrouht of such a kynde: Wiþ-outen loue maiȝt þou not be.1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur viii. xxxi. 320 He was in suche a study he herd not what Gouernayle said.1557 T. Tusser Hundreth Good Pointes Husbandrie sig. C.iiiiv Such season may hap, it shall stande the vpon: to till it againe, or an somer be gone.1700 J. Dryden Chaucer's Palamon & Arcite ii, in Fables 36 Such Pity wrought in ev'ry Ladies Mind, They left their Steeds, and prostrate on the Place..implor'd th' Offenders Grace.(b)c1369 G. Chaucer Bk. Duchesse 28 Suche fantasies ben in myn hede So I not what is best too doo.(c)1417 [see sense 37c]. 1560 [see sense 34b]. 1609 [see sense 34b]. 1612 B. Jonson Alchemist iv. i. sig. H3 I ha' told her such braue things, on you,..As she is almost in her fit to see you.1625 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) 331 They haue such Powring Riuers, as the Riuers of Asia..are but Brookes to them.1769 O. Goldsmith Rom. Hist. I. 372 Having disposed his army in such a manner, as that none of the defendents could escape.1883 Trans. Amer. Philol. Assoc. 54 (Art. ‘Southernisms’) The Faculty are favorable to such a reduction of studies as that a man can do his work well.(d)a1450 [see sense 37b]. 1581 G. Pettie tr. S. Guazzo Ciuile Conuersat. (1586) iii. 151 Thinking that his sonne was such a foole to accept his offer.1599 George a Greene sig. D2v This is wondrous, being blinde of sight, His deepe perseuerance should be such to know vs.1779 Mirror No. 31 They may be expressed in such vague..terms, as to lay before the reader no marked distinguishing feature.1825 ‘J. Nicholson’ Operative Mechanic 41 The upper part M M X Y of the cup should be of such a form as to have the sides covered only with a thin film of the fluid.1892 A. Bierce In Midst of Life 109 He..had borne himself with such gallantry as to attract the attention of his superior officers.
b. predicative.
ΚΠ
c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 95 Two þeroffe ben swiche þat no man ne mai underfo [etc.].
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 8 Zuych may by þe onboȝsamnesse þet hit is dyadlich zenne.
1474 W. Caxton tr. Game & Playe of Chesse (1883) iv. v. 175 The moeuynge of hem is suche That the whyte may goo in to the space of the alphyn.
1611 T. Coryate Crudities sig. O7v The variety of the curious obiects which it exhibiteth..is such, that a man shall much wrong it to speake a little of it.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) v. v. 26 Beauties Princely Maiesty is such, 'Confounds the tongue, and makes the senses rough. View more context for this quotation
a1700 in Publ. Catholic Rec. Soc. (1911) 9 343 Infirmitys, wch were such yt she was not able to take rest in a bed.
1829 W. Scott Anne of Geierstein III. vii. 204 Such and so gentle is René's temper, that even my unfilial conduct will not diminish my influence over him.
1895 Law Times 100 3/1 The system by which solicitors are paid is such that only by circumlocution and red tape can they make a living.
1911 Act 1 & 2 George V c. 50 §15 A certificate..to the effect that his eyesight is such as to enable him to make accurate tests for inflammable gas.
c. In attributive use after its noun.
ΚΠ
1771 Encycl. Brit. II. 695/2 At the point..K, such that the points K, H, and B may be in the same right line, let there be fixed a fourth staff.
1840 D. Lardner Treat. Geom. 288 Let a distance CB be taken on the conjugate axis, such that the square of CB shall bear to the square of CA, the same ratio [etc.].
1876 G. O. Trevelyan Life & Lett. Macaulay II. ix. 137 Statesmen, who had assumed an attitude such that they could not..avoid being..insincere.
1895 S. P. Thompson & E. Thomas Electr. Tab. & Mem. 60 The number of them is chosen such that in a cross section of the field [etc.].
d. With the clauses in reverse order, that containing such being explanatory of what precedes.
ΚΠ
c1390 (a1376) W. Langland Piers Plowman (Vernon) (1867) A. vii. 121 We mowe nouþur swynke ne swete, such seknes vs eileþ.
1567 W. Allen Treat. Def. Priesthod To Rdr. f. 7 They remember well (such is theyr exercise in ye woord) how [etc.].
?1579 Woorthie Enterprise I. Foxe in R. Hakluyt Princ. Navigations (1589) i. 154 There was no man that would take charge of a gally, the weather was so rough, and there was such an amasednes amongst them.
1609 W. Shakespeare Sonnets lxxxi. sig. Fv You still shall liue (such vertue hath my Pen). View more context for this quotation
1673 G. Fox in Jrnl. Friends' Hist. Soc. (1914) July 98 The poore people ar redy to mutany in the market her is such a cry for corne to make them bread.
14.
a. By suppression of the clause expressing comparison or relativity, such acquires an emphatic force = so great, so eminent, and the like.
ΚΠ
c893 tr. Orosius Hist. vi. i. 252 Mid þæm bryne hio wæs swa swiþe forhiened þæt hio næfre siþþan swelc næs.
1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 796 Leuere he adde wende & bidde is mete..in a strange londe Þan þere as he him sulf king was & such þing adde an honde.
c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 1725 My suster Exiona in seruage is holdyn, Þat is comen of soche kyn, coldes my hert.
c1540 (?a1400) Destr. Troy 11680 Seche trust haue the troiens truly þerin.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Merry Wives of Windsor (1623) ii. i. 43 If it were not for one trifling respect, I could come to such honour. View more context for this quotation
1697 J. Dryden tr. Virgil Georgics iii, in tr. Virgil Wks. 117 When, after such a length of rowling Years, We see the naked Alps. View more context for this quotation
1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. x. 600 Never had there been such crowds in the churches.
b. colloquial. Used as an absolute intensive, the implied clause of comparison being indeterminate and quite lost sight of.ever such: see ever adv. and adj. Phrases 5b(a).
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > quantity > [adjective] > so many or much > as absolute intensive
sucha1556
a1556 N. Udall Ralph Roister Doister (?1566) iii. iii. sig. D.iiij Ye shall not..marry..Ye are such a calfe, such an asse, such a blocke.
?a1625 Lawes of Candy i. ii, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Ggg4/1 How have I lost a Father? Such a father? Such a one Decius!
1780 Mirror No. 93 He does little things, and talks of little things, with an air of such importance!
1780 Mirror No. 93 A sad affair happened last night: my brother and sister had such a tiff!
1803 M. Charlton Wife & Mistress (ed. 2) IV. 87 ‘Lord bless me, no, Ma'am!’ replied she: ‘it's ever such a way off.’
1819 W. Scott Bride of Lammermoor ix, in Tales of my Landlord 3rd Ser. I. 272 To express himself churlishly..towards an old man, whose daughter (and such a daughter) lay before them.
1849 R. Curzon Visits to Monasteries Levant 417 They were marvellously cool and delicious, and there were such quantities of them.
1891 ‘J. S. Winter’ Lumley xiv. 101 Oh! yes—such a happiness that it has all come right.
1900 E. Glyn Visits of Elizabeth (1906) 27 You would be amused at Vernon, where we stayed the night in such an inn!
15.
a. Preceding an adjective used attributively, such, such a becomes adverbial = so, so…a.
ΚΠ
a1529 J. Skelton Why come ye nat to Courte (?1545) 652 Suche a madde bedleme For to rewle this reame, It is a wonders case.
1553 T. Wilson Arte of Rhetorique 107 b Mithridates..hadde suche an excellent memorie that [etc.].
a1616 W. Shakespeare Henry VI, Pt. 1 (1623) v. vii. 84 I feele such sharpe dissention in my breast, Such fierce alarums both of Hope and Feare, As I am sicke with working of my thoughts. View more context for this quotation
1621 R. Montagu Diatribæ Hist. Tithes 507 Not to play such vnwise a part as those Thoes did.
1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 68. ¶3 If I were to give my Opinion upon such an exhausted Subject.
1743 S. Johnson Deb. Senate Lilliput in Gentleman's Mag. Aug. 413 This mighty Army..collected from such distant Parts.
1823 W. Scott Quentin Durward III. viii. 206 All comes of his gaining an archer's place at such early years.
1847 C. Dickens Dombey & Son (1848) xliv. 442 His visage was in a state of such great dilapidation, as to be hardly presentable.
1863 M. Oliphant Salem Chapel I. ix. 143 In such a dark night as this, with such wet gleams about the streets.
1902 Westm. Gaz. 17 Dec. 12/1 Yes, I always liked Shakespeare; you know, he has such a nice face!
b. not such (a): = ‘no such’ ( 27).
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > quantity > smallness of quantity, amount, or degree > small of quantity, amount, or degree [phrase] > very little
no (none) such1579
next to nothing1596
a fat lot1892
not such (a)1896
1896 G. Saintsbury Donne's Poems I. p. xix Chalmers, a very industrious student, and not such a bad critic.
III. (See also such a(n) one at sense 28.)
16.
a. Used to indicate or suggest a name, designation, number, or quantity, where the speaker or writer prefers or is obliged to substitute a general phrase for the specific term that would be required in a particular instance.
ΚΠ
c1450 J. Metham Days Moon (Garrett) in Wks. (1916) 155 Yff a man or a woman be born on sqwyche a day off the mone, ye schal conceyue that he ys, or sche ys, dysposyd so as to haue wurchyp, or ellys troubyl.
1526 Bible (Tyndale) James iv. 13 Let vs go into soche a citie.
1528–30 tr. T. Littleton Tenures (new ed.) f. xxviiiv That the feoffour shall pay suche a some at suche a day.
1564 Briefe Exam. C iiij b It is..the part of..charitie..to leaue such vse of suche signes in such a Churche, free.
1664 in Extracts State Papers (Friends' Hist. Soc.) (1912) 3rd Ser. 226 I inform'd my Lord..that..a greate number would meete att 2 of ye Clocke att such a house.
1755 T. Smollett tr. M. de Cervantes Don Quixote I. Pref. p. xxvi The giant Golias..whom the shepherd David slew..as it is written in such a chapter of the book of Kings.
1868 E. A. Freeman Hist. Norman Conquest (1877) II. App. 588 The form always is that the King grants the bishopric or abbacy to such a person.
1913 Oxf. Univ. Gaz. 19 Feb. 495/2 This Diploma is to certify that A. B...attended a prescribed course of lectures..and (on such a date) satisfied..the examiners.
b. such and such. (rarely predicative.)Hence such-and-suchness, the quality or condition of being so-and-so.
ΚΠ
1551 Bible (Matthew's) 2 Kings vi. 8 In suche a place and in suche a place [1560 Geneva In suche and suche a place] wyl I pitch.
1560 Bible (Geneva) 2 Sam. xii. 8 I..wolde moreouer..haue giuen thee suche and suche things.
1565 J. Hall Hist. Expost. in tr. Lanfranc Most Excellent Woorke Chirurg. sig. Aaaijv Suche men and suche enformed me that he can tell of thynges loste.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Cymbeline (1623) i. iii. 29 How I would thinke on him at certaine houres, Such thoughts, and such. View more context for this quotation
1625 J. Hart Anat. Urines ii. v. 82 Vpon the feeding on such and such food it was no vncouth thing for him to voyd such an vrine.
1710 G. Berkeley Treat. Princ. Human Knowl. §31, in Wks. (1871) I. 171 Such and such ideas are attended with such and such other ideas.
1818 Cobbett's Weekly Polit. Reg. 33 114 I shall..proceed upon the supposition that the contents are such and such.
1854 W. M. Thackeray Newcomes (1855) II. vii. 68 Lord and Lady Blank, of Suchandsuch Castle.
1861 T. A. Trollope La Beata I. i. 2 Number so-and-so in such-and-such a street.
1885 A. Seth Sc. Philos. ii. 57 Every event has a character; is such-and-such an event.
1885 A. Seth Sc. Philos. ii. 57 It is at its such-and-suchness, at its character—in other words, at the universal in it—that we have to look.
1899 E. Callow Old London Taverns i. 247 It became the custom to ask what coffee~house such-and-such a man frequented.
c. such or such: this or that. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
?1527 Iudycyall of Vryns ii. ii. 13 As ofte as I say suche vryne, or suche went beforn suche, or suche.
1676 J. Glanvill Ess. v. 23 Though I deny such, or such a sense [of a text].
1695 J. Dryden in tr. C. A. Du Fresnoy De Arte Graphica Pref. p. xxxvii The Posture of a Poetique Figure is as I conceive, the Description of his Heroes in the performance of such or such an Action.
1796 H. Hunter tr. J.-H. B. de Saint-Pierre Stud. Nature (1799) I. 292 There is a greater distance between the understanding of Newton, and that of such or such a man, than between the understanding of that man and the instinct of an animal.
17. Combinations (parasynthetic.)
ΚΠ
1597 T. Beard Theatre Gods Iudgements ii. xxxiv. 365 Oh that we had..such minded captaines, that would sharply represse the wrongs..which are so common.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Two Gentlemen of Verona (1623) iv. iv. 188 Such a coulour'd Perrywig. View more context for this quotation
1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 96. ⁋4 A Lady that saw such a Gentleman at such a Place in such a coloured Coat.
IV. Absolute and pronominal uses.
18. The persons or things before mentioned; those, they; also with singular reference, that person or thing. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
c1000 Ælfric Homilies I. 84 Eadige sind þa innoðas þe hi gebæron, and ða breost þe swylce gesihton.
a1250 Owl & Night. (Jesus Oxf.) 1324 Hwat constu..of storre?.. Al so doþ mony deor and man, Þeo of suyche no wiht ne can.
c1330 Arth. & Merl. 673 Swiche schuld acomber also fele, So þat oþer had brouȝt to wele.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Rom. ii. 2 For we are sure that the iudgement of God is..ouer them that do soch.
1655 T. Fuller Church-hist. Brit. viii. 13 Such set to order Kingston Bridge did their work by halves.
19.
a. Persons or things such as those mentioned, described, or referred to.
ΚΠ
c897 K. Ælfred tr. Gregory Pastoral Care xxxvii. 265 Oft eac ða swelcan monn sceal forsion mid eallum forsewennessum.
1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Gen. xli. 19 Thes folweden other seuen oxen, in as myche defourme and leene, that neuer siche..Y sawȝ.
1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 13 In the worldes reverence Ther ben of suche manie glade.
1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis II. 43 Sone, thou art non of swiche, For Love schal the wel excuse.
c1450 tr. Thomas à Kempis De Imitatione Christi iii. xxxv. 104 He takiþ non hede wheþer he illude..by true or by false... Lete not þin herte þerfore be troubled ner drede suche.
1573 in T. E. Bridgett & T. F. Knox True Story Catholic Hierarchy (1889) vii. 112 Her Maiestie had choise ynough of souch at that tyme, and yet hath.
1637 J. Milton Comus 2 To such my errand is.
1867 W. F. Rock Jim an' Nell lxxxix. 25 Let un beckon, Hagegy Bess; wi' zich, I reckon, Ha now delight'h vor mang.
b. and such: and suchlike, and the like.
ΚΠ
a1400–50 Wars Alex. 1889 Þe somme of siluer & of siche & of sere stanes.]
1652 News from Lowe Countreys 6 Cures Collicks, Belly-Ach, and such.
1850 J. G. Saxe Poems 33 Little by little he grew to be rich, By saving of candle-ends and 'sich'.
1894 M. Dyan All in Man's Keeping (1899) 203 A smaller table held ices, squashes, and such.
1904 Windsor Mag. Jan. 296/2 A little place hung about with Eastern draperies and altar-cloths and such.
20.
a. With dependent rel. pronoun: Such people as, those (people) who, whose, etc.; all or any that.In Old English and Middle English also singular = such a man.
ΚΠ
835 Charter in Old Eng. Texts 448 Swælcum se hit geðian wile.
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 280 Ichwat swich þet bereð ba togedere heui brunie & here.
c1230 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Corpus Cambr.) (1962) 45 Misseið bi swuch þet is cwic ine godd.
1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. x. 26 Þe sauter seyth þe same bi suche þat don ille.
c1386 G. Chaucer Melibeus ⁋45 By..assent of swiche as weren wise.
c1400 Pilgr. Sowle (1483) iv. xxxiv. 82 The gouernement of a reame shold be..executed by suche as were of grettest bounte.
1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) ix. 208 Ye aske counseyll of suche that canne not counseyl theymselfe.
1523 Ld. Berners tr. J. Froissart Cronycles I. ccvii. 245 We may fortune to mete with suche that shall pay for our scotte.
1563 T. Hill Arte Gardening (1593) 143 This being also drunk, helpeth such which be stopped in the brest.
1623 W. Shakespeare & J. Fletcher Henry VIII i. i. 76 Such To whom as great a Charge, as little Honor He meant to lay vpon. View more context for this quotation
1633 P. Massinger New Way to pay Old Debts ii. i. sig. D2v Such whose Fathers were Right worshipfull.
1748 G. White Serm. (MS.) To such from whom we look for advantages.
1777 W. Cameron in Transl. & Paraphr. Ch. Scot. xiv. 1 Let such as would with Wisdom dwell, frequent the house of woe.
1800 S. Smith 6 Serm. 65 Such of their fellow-creatures who have fixed their faith in an amiable and benevolent religion.
1829 in Minutes of Evid. Nairne Peerage (1873) 76 in Sessional Papers House of Lords (H.L. A) XII. 65 Such of you to whom it may appertain to issue and pay..the said annuity.
1876 A. C. Swinburne Note Eng. Republ. 21 The mere love-offering of preserved souls and such whose minds are dedicated to nothing temporal.
b. People of the same kind as.
ΚΠ
1823 W. Scott Quentin Durward II. vi. 126 Such as I are free in spirit when our limbs are chained.
1850 Ld. Tennyson In Memoriam xxxiv. 53 What then were God to such as I? View more context for this quotation
1869 F. Doyle Lect. iii. 96 To consider whether it be not to such as him, rather than to such as them, that we ought to look.
21.
a. Such a thing; the thing mentioned or referred to.
ΚΠ
OE Cynewulf Elene 571 Heo frignan ongan, cwædon þæt hio on aldre owiht swylces ne ær ne sið æfre hyrdon.
OE Beowulf 996 Wundorsiona fela secga gehwylcum þara þe on swylc starað.
1154 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) ann. 1137 Suilc & mare þanne we cunnen sæin we þolenden.
c1175 12th Cent. Hom. 30 Heo dweloden swyðe þa ða heo swylces axoden.
c1380 J. Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 436 Ȝif a best bad a man do siche.
1845 P. J. Bailey Festus (ed. 2) 77 Do Thou grant, Lord! That when wrongs are to be redressed, such may Be done with mildness.
1885 Leland Brand-new Ballads 127 Ye are goin' for the summer to the islands by the sea,..setch is not for setch as me.
b. With correlative or rel. Such a thing..(as). Obsolete.
ΚΠ
c893 tr. Orosius Hist. i. x. 48 Hit is scondlic..ymb swelc to sprecanne hwelc hit þa wæs.
a1250 Prov. Ælfred 83 in Old Eng. Misc. 106 Hwych so þe mon soweþ al swuch he schal mowe.
1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 178 Ofte swich as men beginne Towardes othre, swich thei finde, That set hem ofte fer behinde, Whan that thei wene be before.
c. such as: that which, what, whatever.
ΚΠ
c1340 Medit. Passion in Hampole's Wks. (1895) I. 92 Graunte me grace..euere to knouleche me for sich as I am, a sinful wrecche.
c1440 Alphabet of Tales 184 He sett befor þaim suche as he had in his cell.
1474 W. Caxton tr. Game & Playe of Chesse (1883) ii. iv. 51 After that he had eten suche as plesid hym he voyded the mete.
1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope i. xi He that is wyse must not..take hede to his wordes but lete hym go for suche as he is.
a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xxvii. 364 Ye ar welcom..To sich as we haue.
1568 T. Hacket tr. A. Thevet New Found Worlde xxv. 41 The Indians..brought vs thither suche as the land..bringeth forth.
22. Referring to a noun or phrase (cf. 4).
ΚΠ
c1430 Pilgr. Lyf Manhode (1869) iv. xxxi. 193 Alle knyhtes that hauen swerdes resceyuen not swiche colees. Gret joye it were..if thei hadden swiche.
1477 Earl Rivers tr. Dictes or Sayengis Philosophhres (Caxton) (1877) lf. 11v Ware the of the wordes of lyers, and suche punysshe.
1565 T. Harding Answere to Iuelles Chalenge 211 If he had offered bread and wine onely,..it had ben no newe oblation, for such had been made by Melchisedech.
1581 J. Marbeck Bk. Notes & Common Places 494 With him that is holie, virtuous, and good, a man (keeping companie with such) shall have a smacke of his holinesse.
a1637 B. Jonson Timber 1098 in Wks. (1640) III Like Children, that imitate the vices of Stammerers so long, till at last they become such.
1662 J. Davies tr. A. Olearius Voy. & Trav. Ambassadors 402 They were forc'd to..travel so arm'd to secure themselves against the Robbers thereabouts: but they looked more like such themselves.
1771 Encycl. Brit. II. 698/1 It were easy to transfer to the diameter of a circle the chords of all arches to the extent of a semicircle; but such are rarely found marked upon rules.
1828 W. Scott Aunt Margaret's Mirror ii Two or three low broad steps led to a platform in front of the altar, or what resembled such.
1848 W. M. Thackeray Bk. Snobs xiii. 51 He will not have his young friends to be Snobs in the future, or to be bullied by Snobs, or given over to such to be educated.
1889 Geikie in Nature 19 Sept. 486 To call for more facts and experiments, if such are possible.
1912 Eng. Hist. Rev. Jan. 27 A forest became such by a stroke of the pen, not by any physical change.
23. such and such: such and such persons or things; also singular, this and this.
ΚΠ
a1450 Knt. de la Tour xv He saide..that suche and suche had saine her do hit.
1574 E. Hellowes tr. A. de Guevara Familiar Epist. 502 Not contented to take the wheat, the bacon, ye butter, the oile, the cheese, to giue vnto such & such out of ye doore.
1576 A. Fleming tr. J. Caius Of Eng. Dogges 34 Giuyng warnyng to them of the house, that such & such be newly come.
1604 W. Shakespeare Hamlet ii. i. 57 I saw him yesterday, or th'other day, Or then, or then, with such and such . View more context for this quotation
1893 F. W. L. Adams New Egypt 147 We have done such, and such, and such.
V. Uses with special classes of words and in idiomatic phrases.
* In collocation with indefinite adjectives, numerals, etc.When used absolutely the phrases in 24 27 become a kind of compound pronouns.
24. With many (more), any, some, all, every: many (etc.)…of the (same) kind, many…like this. Also in or some such (also somesuch): or some such thing.With a singular noun the construction many a such, any such a, etc. was formerly common.
ΚΠ
c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xxxiv. §6 Geþyld & rihtwisnes & wisdom, & manege swelce cræftas.
c1230 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Corpus Cambr.) (1962) 195 Ȝef ei mon eani swuch þing ortrowi bi him.
c1380 J. Wyclif Sel. Wks. III. 443 When ony suche men asken þe sacrid ooste.
1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Ephes. v. 27 Not hauynge wem, or spot,..or ony such thing.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Trin. Cambr.) l. 13712 Moises wol we alle suche stone.
c1400 Rom. Rose 7123 Many a such comparisoun.
1526 Bible (Tyndale) Mark ix. f. lviijv Whosoever receave eny soche a chylde in my name, he receaveth me.
1544 Letanie in Exhort. vnto Prayer sig. Bviiv All suche as haue erred & ar deceiued.
1548 N. Udall et al. tr. Erasmus Paraphr. Newe Test. I. Luke xvii. 134 Beefore ye haue any perceiueraunce that any suche thyng is to come.
1549 T. Solme in H. Latimer 2nd Serm. before Kynges Maiestie To Rdr. sig. Aviii A fewe moo suche Preachers.
1550 T. Cranmer Let. 20 Apr. in D. Wilkins Consilia (1737) IV. 62/1 All such benefices..as..have been..impropried.
1570 B. Googe tr. T. Kirchmeyer Popish Kingdome iii. f. 33 Masse blesseth euery such as seekes in welthie state to bee.
1600 W. Shakespeare Much Ado about Nothing v. iv. 49 Some such strange bull leapt your fathers cowe. View more context for this quotation
1607 S. Hieron Discouerie of Hypocrisie in Wks. (1620) I. 241 Euery such shall bee cut off by the hand of God.
1653 H. More Antidote Atheism (1662) 97 A many such miracles.
1663 S. Butler Hudibras: First Pt. i. i. 27 He ne'er gave quarter t' any such.
1778 F. Burney Evelina I. xvi. 97 I never kept company with any such gentry.
1832 D. Brewster Lett. Nat. Magic xiii. 331 Several such strata.
1836 C. Thirlwall Hist. Greece III. xviii. 77 If we may properly attribute any such objects to him.
1837 J. G. Lockhart Mem. Life Scott IV. vii. 222 Some such excursion had been..recommended to him by his own physicians.
1895 S. Baring-Gould Noémi xxiv Some such a colourless, cadaverous light as that which [etc.].
1967 D. Francis Blood Sport iii. 35 He was in France on business wasn't he, or somesuch.
1972 Daily Tel. 11 Apr. 22/5 Plan will be to approach them with proposals for short and sharp bursts of selling with stamps—stamp weeks or somesuch.
1973 R. Parkes Guardians vii. 122 The doctor believed it might aid expiation or abreaction or some such.
25. such other (archaic), †other such; as pronoun such others, archaic other such. †and such other: and the like, and such like.
ΚΠ
c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xxiv. §3 On swilcum & on oðrum swelcum lænum & hreosendum weorðscipum.
c1000 Ælfric Exodus vii. 11 Hig worhton oðer swilc þing þurh hira dry~cræft.
a1250 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Nero) (1952) 108 Þeos & oðer swuche dredfule þouhtes.
a1425 W. Langland Piers Plowman A. i. 104 (MS. U) [Cherubin and Seraphin] and siche mo oþere.
c1450 Brut. ii. ccxxvii. 299 Ploghmen, & such oþer laborers.
?1482 J. Kay tr. G. Caoursin Siege of Rhodes Bombardes, gownes, culuerynes, serpentines & suche other.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 463/2 I brede a chylde, or brede yonge, as a woman or any other suche beest dothe.
1531 St. German's Secunde Dyaloge Doctour & Student (new ed.) xlii. f. cvi A Captayne..shall be bounde for the offence of hys squyers. And an hoste for his ghest and such other.
1588 T. Kyd tr. T. Tasso Housholders Philos. f. 18v By fires, tempests, inundations, & other such.
1600 J. Pory tr. J. Leo Africanus Geogr. Hist. Afr. ii. 94 Either cheese, butter, milk, or any other such commoditie.
1707 J. Freind Acct. Earl of Peterborow's Conduct in Spain 131 Such other place as shall be judged proper.
1725 D. Defoe New Voy. round World i. 94 Roots, Yams, Mangoes, and such Stuff.
1762 Ld. Kames Elements Crit. II. xviii. 386 Observance, opponent,..and such others of three syllables.
1868 A. C. Swinburne W. Blake 150 Behmen, Swedenborg, or such others.
1871 J. Ruskin Fors Clavigera I. x. 15 There are, indeed, other such in the world.
26.
a. such another, another such: another…of the kind, another similar. (Rarely another such a, †such a…such another: one…another, with a singular noun)Such another is used idiomatically in Shakespeare, where we should now say simply either ‘such (a)’, as in Two Gent. iii. i. 133, Tr. & Cr. i. ii. 282 (Fo. 1), or ‘another’, ‘a second’, as in Merry W. i. iv. 145.
ΚΠ
a1300 Sat. People Kildare iv, in Early Eng. Poems & Lives Saints (1862) 153 Soch an oþir an erþe i note.
c1390 in F. J. Furnivall Minor Poems Vernon MS (1901) 716 In-to þat schip þer longed a Rooþur,..In al þis world nis such a noþur.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 1942 (MED) For nankyn chaunce sal I take suche a-noþer veniaunce.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 1942 For nakin schaunce [Fairf. nankyn chaunce] Sal i ta suilk a noiþer wengance.
a1450 (c1410) H. Lovelich Hist. Holy Grail xxxvi. l. 638 Whiche tombe was so Ryaly dyht, that neuere myht Comprehende In Mannes Miht Swich Anothir tombe to Make As there was don.
a1500 in J. Evans & M. S. Serjeantson Eng. Mediaeval Lapidaries (1933) 118 Proinces is a stone of femal kend..for somtyme he conceyueþ & bereþ such anoþer stone.
a1556 N. Udall Ralph Roister Doister (?1566) iii. v. sig. F.j Did not you make me a letter brother? Scriuener. Pay the like hire. I will make you suche an other.
1597 W. Shakespeare Richard III i. iv. 5 I would not spend another such a night. View more context for this quotation
1600 W. Shakespeare Henry IV, Pt. 2 ii. iv. 252 Such other gambole faculties a has..for the which the prince admits him: for the prince himself is such another . View more context for this quotation
1620 Horæ Subseciuæ 352 Heere are besides the ancient Statues of the Horatij and Curiatij, and such another of Neroes Mother as I haue mentioned to be in the Capitoll.
a1627 T. Middleton More Dissemblers besides Women v. i, in 2 New Playes (1657) 72 How; such another word, down goes your Hose Boy.
1684 Earl of Roscommon Ess. Translated Verse 17 Another Such had left the Nation, Thin, In spight of all the Children He brought in.
1720 Humourist 65 Such a Person can do nothing ill, and such another..nothing well.
1756 T. Amory Life John Buncle I. 163 She was such another genius as Chubb.
1852 H. B. Stowe Uncle Tom's Cabin II. xxix. 150 We'll never get another such a master.
1861 T. L. Peacock Gryll Grange xxxii. 279 That chance has passed from her; and she will not easily find such another.
1868 A. C. Swinburne W. Blake 180 The ‘frowning babe’ of the last stanzas is..the same or such another as the one whose birth is first spoken of.
1871 J. Ruskin Fors Clavigera I. v No foolish being..will ever be capable of saying such another foolish thing.
1941 E. R. Eddison Fish Dinner vii. 124 As the drunkard that swallowed the true live frog in his beer-mug, supposing it but such another fantasm as he was customed to?
2011 S. Mukherji Thinking on Thresholds iv. 64 A ‘deeper’ meaning that emerges..when we have a Ruskin, or such another decipherer, at hand.
b. Similarly such a second.
ΚΠ
1828 W. Scott Tapestr. Chamb. I would not run the risk of such a second night.
27. no (none) such adj., rarely †no such a; absolute or as pronoun now only none such (cf. none such, nonsuch n. and adj.), formerly no such (and †such none).
a. No (person or thing) of the kind; none of the kind.
ΘΚΠ
the world > existence and causation > existence > non-existence > [adjective] > no, none, or not any
nanyeOE
no (none) suchOE
noneOE
none-kinsOE
nolOE
no kina1400
zero1823
nix1846
nought1945
bugger-all1948
damn all1953
fuck-all1961
eff-all1965
zilch1969
zip1969
zippo1973
sod all1978
negative1984
the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > quality of being special or extraordinary > [noun] > fact of being unparalleled or unique > that which is unique > a unique thing or person > person
sans-peer1426
nonsicut1621
non-parallel1631
nonsuch1646
no (none) such1647
ne plus ultra1672
unique1728
OE Crist I 290 Nan swylc ne cwom ænig oþer ofer ealle men, bryd beage hroden.
a1122 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) anno 1032 Her..atywde þæt wildefyr ðe nan mann æror nan swylc ne gemunde.
?c1225 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Cleo. C.vi) (1972) 76 Ne chaste ȝe nan swich mon neauer on oðerwise.
1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 3063 In þe world such non is.
13.. Guy Warw. (C.) 122 On this half the see noon suche was.
a1400 Minor Poems from Vernon MS xxix. ii. 69 Þe Iew..seide þer nas non such child þrinne.
c1430 Pilgr. Lyf Manhode (1869) iv. lix. 205 Ther sook neuere noon non swich milk ne droouh noon swich brest.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Ecclus. xlv. 13 Before him were there sene no soch fayre ornamentes.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Acts xxi. C We haue wrytten, and concluded, that they shulde obserue no soch, but onely [etc.].
1582 R. Stanyhurst tr. T. More in tr. Virgil First Foure Bookes Æneis 100 Syth mye nose owtpeaking, good syr, your liplabor hindreth, Hardlye ye may kisse mee, where no such gnomon apeereth.
1601 R. Holtby in Archpriest Controv. (1896) I. 185 They had no such ignorance that could excuse them admittinge that he was a superior.
1607 S. Hieron Discouerie of Hypocrisie in Wks. (1620) I. 237 No such shall inherite the kingdome of Christ and of God.
1647 J. Trapp Mellificium Theol. in Comm. Epist. & Rev. 697 The Emperour Commodus would needs be stiled ὑπεραίρων, or the Surpasser, as if there were none such.
1663 S. Butler Hudibras: First Pt. i. i. 4 'Tis plain enough he was no such.
1749 G. Berkeley Word to Wise in Wks. (1871) III. 440 There can be no such thing as happy life without labour.
1774 Child of Nature II. 86 I would..have no such a tête à tête with such a man.
1831 W. Scott Castle Dangerous iii, in Tales of my Landlord 4th Ser. IV. 88 ‘Who was it passed through your post even now, with the traitorous cry of “Douglas”?’ ‘We know of no such.’
1849 T. B. Macaulay Hist. Eng. II. vi. 119 Objection was taken by some zealous Protestants to the mention made of the Roman Catholic religion. There was no such religion.
1867 A. C. Swinburne in Fortn. Rev. Oct. 428 There is no such thing as a dumb poet or a handless painter.
b. No great; adverb qualifying as adjective (cf. 15b) = not (a) very, not a. †nothing such: nothing of any account.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > quantity > smallness of quantity, amount, or degree > small of quantity, amount, or degree [phrase] > very little
no (none) such1579
next to nothing1596
a fat lot1892
not such (a)1896
the mind > attention and judgement > importance > unimportance > [noun] > that which is unimportant
thing of noughtc1425
nothing such1579
of nothing1583
nullitya1591
O1608
ciphera1616
zero1650
flinga1661
leather and prunella1734
small change1822
minus quantity1843
nuthin'1843
nothingburger1953
1579 E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. Sept. 79 I thought the soyle would haue made me rich: But nowe I wote, it is nothing sich.
1612 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) 9 Death is no such enemy, when a man hath so many followers about him.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Antony & Cleopatra (1623) iii. iii. 40 Why me think's by him, This Creature's no such thing. View more context for this quotation
1669 J. Dryden Wild Gallant i. i. 11 If that be all, there's no such hast.
1695 W. Congreve Love for Love v. i. 76 Fifty, in a hale Constitution, is no such contemptible Age.
1773 O. Goldsmith She stoops to Conquer v. 92 Five and twenty miles in two hours and a half is no such bad driving.
1782 F. Burney Cecilia III. v. xii. 148 As you happen to be quite alone, a little agreeable company would be no such bad thing.
1867 M. Arnold On Study Celtic Lit. 87 So long as Celt and Teuton are..at least, no such great while out of their cradle.
1870 W. Morris Earthly Paradise: Pt. III 279 Clad in attire of no such wretched price.
c. no such matter or thing: nothing of the kind; also exclamatorily, = not at all, not a bit of it, quite the contrary.
ΚΠ
1538 R. Pole Let. 1 Aug. in J. Strype Eccl. Memorials (1721) I. App. lxxxiii. 213 Neither you nor no man else..can bring no such thing against mine opinion.
1560 Bible (Geneva) 2 Sam. xiii. 12 No suche thing oght to be done in Israel: commit not this folie.
1584 G. Peele Araygnem. Paris i. i. sig. Aijv Pan. We meete not now to brawle. Faun. Theres no such matter, Pan.
1588 R. Greene Pandosto sig. C4v The goodman..desired her to be quiet, for there was non such matter.
1609 W. Shakespeare Sonnets lxxxvii. sig. F3 In sleepe a King, but waking no such matter . View more context for this quotation
1755 T. Gray Let. 14 Aug. in Corr. (1971) I. 431 They thought me rheumatic & feverish. no such thing!
1814 L. Hunt Feast of Poets 61 The vices..are only ‘imputed’ to him;—to use a pithy and favourite mode of quotation, ‘There's no such thing!’
1869 A. J. Evans Vashti xv. 203 I shall do no such thing.
28. such a(n) one, formerly also †such one, frequently as one word †suchon.
a. Such a person or thing as that specified or referred to; one of that kind.
ΚΠ
c1380 J. Wyclif Wks. (1880) 47 Þei schullen presenten hym to þe nexte custode of þat place where euere þei fynden sychon.
1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 47 Ther is manye of yow Faitours, and so may be that thow Art riht such on.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 85 Of suche an [Vesp. suilk an] sulde men mater take.
c1400 Pilgr. Sowle (1483) iv. xxxiii. 82 Good ryght is that vpon suche one be take vengeaunce.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Job xiv. 3 Thinkest thou it now well done, to open thine eyes vpon soch one?
1559 J. Aylmer Harborowe sig. F2 It is a great enterprise..to pulle a quenes crowne of hir head: and specially such a ones.
1594 O. B. Questions Profitable Concernings L ij b Such ones are said to harrow hell, to make their sonnes Gentlemen.
1654 O. Sedgwick Elisha 15 The death of such a one is an exceeding loss.
1732 B. Mandeville Enq. Origin Honour 166 To such a one, a Clergyman should preach the Strictness of Morality.
1816 W. Hazlitt Polit. Ess. (1819) 82 A Jacobin is one who would haue his single opinion govern the world... Such a one is Mr. Southey.
1885 A. C. Swinburne Misc. (1886) 298 Such an one..is by common consent a blackguard.
b. Followed by rel. pronoun as, formerly †that, etc.: One of the kind that; one who, a thing which.
ΚΠ
1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 96 He mot him binde To such on which of alle kinde Of wommen is thunsemlieste.
c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (1839) 287 Suche an on as is of gode maneres.
1530 T. Cromwell in R. B. Merriman Life & Lett. T. Cromwell (1902) I. 330 Dilligent and honest And suchon that..wilbe gladde to serue your grace in any thing.
1539 Bible (Great) Ps. lxviii. 21 The hearie scalpe of soch one [1611 such a one] as goeth on still in his wyckednes.
1583 T. Stocker tr. Tragicall Hist. Ciuile Warres Lowe Countries iv. 23 He was a verie noble young Prince, and such a one as in whom, was great hope of good.
1600 W. Shakespeare Much Ado about Nothing v. i. 7 Such a one whose wrongs doe sute with mine. View more context for this quotation
1672 O. Walker Of Educ. ii. ii. 235 Such a one..as is a discreet and virtuous person.
1884 A. C. Swinburne Misc. (1886) 28 He was merely a royalist, and such an one as may be bred and reared out of the middle class.
c. Followed by rel. adv. as: One of the same kind as; one like (so-and-so).
ΚΠ
c1400 26 Pol. Poems 111 Wiþ suchon as I to make debat.
1535 Bible (Coverdale) Psalms xlix. 21 Thou..thinkest me to be euen soch one as thy self.
1596 J. Harington Apol. sig. Bbv A passing proud fellow, such a one as Naaman the Syrian.
1611 Bible (King James) Philemon 9 Being such a one as Paul the aged. View more context for this quotation
1727 L. Welsted Dissembled Wanton v. 68 By marrying some commodious Person; such a one is Mr. Toby.
1868 C. Thirlwall Lett. (1881) II. 195 It was just such a one as that which was the occasion of Wordsworth's sonnet.
1885 A. C. Swinburne Misc. (1886) 225 Such an one as these.
d. A certain one not specifically named (see 16); So-and-so. Obsolete or archaic.
ΚΠ
1560 Bible (Geneva) Ruth iv. 1 Ho, suche one [1611 such a one], come, sit downe here.
?1566 W. P. tr. C. S. Curio Pasquine in Traunce 24 Then did the coniurer aske, whether he was such a one or such a one, naming many and sundry persons that dyed long ago.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Measure for Measure (1623) ii. i. 107 That such a one, and such a one, were past cure of the thing you wot of. View more context for this quotation
1678 T. Otway Friendship in Fashion i. 2 He had bin with my Lord such a one.
1712 J. Arbuthnot John Bull in his Senses iii. 10 Instead of plain Sir and Madam..he calls us Goody and Gaffer such a one.
1798 W. Hutton Life & Hist. Family (1816) 52 [She] mentioned several such-a-ones who solicited her hand.
1812 Ld. Byron Waltz xiii Sir—Such-a-one.
1832 H. Martineau Hill & Valley (1843) 162 They said that ‘neighbour such-a-one was a prisoner’.
e. As adjective following the noun: Such as. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1535 Bible (Coverdale) 1 Macc. iv. 47 They..buylded a new aulter soch one as was before.
1546 J. Heywood Dialogue Prouerbes Eng. Tongue ii. vii. sig. Iiiv A larom, suche one, As folk ring bees wt basons.
a1716 South in Chambers Cycl. Eng. Lit. I. 465/1 Sensuality is..one kind of pleasure, such a one as it is.
29. Miscellaneous.
a. such much adj. so much, thus much.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > quantity > [adjective] > so many or much
so mickleeOE
such much1832
the world > relative properties > quantity > degree or relative amount of a quality, action, etc. > [adverb] > to such an extent
as fortha1000
insomuchc1380
so mucha1425
pro tanto1621
such much1832
in so far1888
1832 T. Carlyle Let. to J. Carlyle 2 July Such much for Annandale, where you see there are..many mercies still allotted to us.
b. what such: of what kind. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1671 H. M. tr. Erasmus Colloquies 152 What such soever an one thy husband be.
1671 H. M. tr. Erasmus Colloquies 555 Consider here with me what such they be.
c. who such: such as, whoever. Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1667 A. Marvell Let. 26 Nov. in Poems & Lett. (1971) II. 62 That you may return who such take it [sc. an oath].
d. such a like, such…like: = suchlike adj. and pron.
ΚΠ
1474 Cov. Leet Bk. 389 Intrelles of bestes or such filthy thyng like.
1541 T. Wyatt Defence in K. Muir Life & Lett. (1963) 195 Alleginge that he had ons swarved from hym in suche a lyke matter.
1577 T. Vautrollier tr. M. Luther Comm. Epist. to Galathians (new ed.) f. 95 Such a like thing of late happened to that miserable man Doctor Kraus of Hal.
1608 E. Topsell Hist. Serpents 15 Solinus reporteth of such a like wood in a part of Affrica.
e. such a few, such a many (colloquial): so few, so many.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > number > plurality > great number, numerousness > [noun] > a large number or multitude
sandc825
thousandc1000
un-i-rimeOE
legiona1325
fernc1325
multitudec1350
hundred1362
abundancec1384
quantityc1390
sight1390
felec1394
manyheada1400
lastc1405
sortc1475
infinityc1480
multiplie1488
numbers1488
power1489
many1525
flock1535
heapa1547
multitudine1547
sort1548
myriads1555
myriads1559
infinite1563
tot-quot1565
dickera1586
multiplea1595
troop1596
multitudes1598
myriad1611
sea-sands1656
plurality1657
a vast many1695
dozen1734
a good few1756
nation1762
vast1793
a wheen (of)1814
swad1828
lot1833
tribe1833
slew1839
such a many1841
right smart1842
a million and one1856
horde1860
a good several1865
sheaf1865
a (bad, good, etc.) sortc1869
immense1872
dunnamuch1875
telephone number1880
umpty1905
dunnamany1906
skit1913
umpteen1919
zillion1922
gang1928
scrillion1935
jillion1942
900 number1977
gazillion1978
fuckload1984
1841 W. M. Thackeray Great Hoggarty Diamond xiii No one could have thought it could have done such a many things in that time.
30. Preceding a possessive pronoun, as such his = that or this (those or these) of his. Rarely with correlative as. Obsolete or archaic.
ΚΠ
1565 W. Allen Def. & Declar. Doctr. Purgatory To Rdr. f. 6v I..submit my selfe, to the iudgment of suche oure masters..as..are made the lawful pastors of our soules.
1581 W. Allen Apol. Two Eng. Colleges f. 121 God giueth not the tast of such his comfortes to any, but [etc.].
1602 W. Watson Decacordon Ten Quodlibeticall Questions 265 Such their friends as they themselues made choice of.
1702 Clarendon's Hist. Rebellion I. iv. 233 The Minister..Resisted such their Licence.
1709 R. Steele Tatler No. 1. ⁋1 I shall..publish such my Advices and Reflections.
1787 Minor iv. xix. 307 A few words of such my personages as have not previously been..disposed of.
1837 F. Palgrave Merchant & Friar Ded. p. xxi When you pay such your visit to the civic muniment room.
31. With a cardinal numeral, which now always precedes such: (So many) of that kind, or of the kind that.
ΚΠ
1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 439 Hii hadde suche þritti men as were in hor side.
1377 W. Langland Piers Plowman B. i. 106 Cherubyn and seraphin suche seuene and an-othre.
a1533 Ld. Berners tr. Arthur of Brytayn (?1560) lxxv. sig. Ti He had to do all at ones wyth suche .vi. as syr Rowland is.
a1568 R. Ascham Scholemaster (1570) ii. f. 41 This golden sentence, diuerslie wrought upon, by soch foure excellent Masters.
1575 G. Gascoigne Certayne Notes Instr. in Posies sig. U.jv Rythme royall is a verse of tenne sillables, and seuen such verses make a staffe.
1582 N. Lichefield tr. F. L. de Castanheda 1st Bk. Hist. Discouerie E. Indias 16 Since it was so expedient to have a Pilot, the Generall then requested to have two such.
a1616 W. Shakespeare As you like It (1623) iv. i. 111 Orl. And wilt thou haue me? Ros. I, and twentie such . View more context for this quotation
1637 J. Milton Comus 20 The..innocent Ladie..Gently ask't if he had seene such two.
1707 J. Ward Young Mathematician's Guide iv. ii. 361 By the Rectangle of any two Abscissæ's, is meant the Rectangle of such two Parts, as being Added together, will be Equal to the Transverse Diameter.
1766 J. Fordyce Serm. Young Women I. i. 20 What is the shallow admiration of an hundred such?
1821 Ld. Byron Isles of Greece in Don Juan: Canto III 49 Of two such lessons, why forget The nobler and the manlier one?
32. With a cardinal numeral such is used to denote multiplication by the number in question; e.g. such five (as or so) = five times as many or as much (as). Obsolete.Old English oþer swilc = as much or as many more; swilc healf = half as much.
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > number > arithmetic or algebraic operations > [noun] > multiplication > times
sithesOE
such five (as or so)OE
timesc1410
times1610
multiplicity1841
OE Beowulf 1583 Slæpende fræt folces Denigea fyftyne men, ond oðer swylc ut offerede.
c1000 Sax. Leechd. II. 180 Genim þæs selestan wines & grenes eles swilc healf.
c1000 Sax. Leechd. II. 214 Þry lytle bollan fullan gemengde wiþ swilc tu wæteres.
c1290 S. Eng. Leg. 102 Þat is suych a þousent more wurth þanne al þat þing þat is.
a1300 Floriz & Bl. 360 Grante him þat þu wilt so, And tak mid amoreȝe suche two.
c1369 G. Chaucer Bk. Duchesse 408 To have moo floures swche seven As in the walkene sterris bee.
a1387 J. Trevisa tr. R. Higden Polychron. (St. John's Cambr.) (1876) VI. 83 He hadde suche þre so hardy men in his oost as þe oþer hadde in his.
c1412 T. Hoccleve De Regimine Principum 1195 I se þou woldest sorowe swyche two As I.
1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur x. viii. 426 He is able to bete suche fyue as ye and I be.
** In phrases with nouns.
33. such kind, †such sort, †such (a) manner (of), †of such manner: of such a kind.
ΚΠ
1303 R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne 243 Þy god ys of swych manere, Þogh þou forsake hym ryght now here, To-morwe mayst þou com aȝeyn.
1303 R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne 1737 Aȝens swyche maner wyuys Þat wyl nat amende here lyuys.
a1325 Statutes of Realm (2011) xli. 106 Of suuche manere felonies.
1340 Ayenbite (1866) 10 Kueade wordes of zuyche manere.
c1380 J. Wyclif Wks. (1880) 390 To occupie siche maner londe or lordeschip.
1382 Bible (Wycliffite, E.V.) Gen. xliii. 32 A fowle thing thei wenen sich a manere feeste.
a1450 J. Myrc Instr. to Par. Priests 39 Wrastelynge, & schotynge, & suche maner game.
a1470 T. Malory Morte Darthur (Winch. Coll.) 985 The bonys be of such maner of kynde that who that handelyth hym..shall never be wery.
a1542 T. Wyatt Coll. Poems (1969) 11 I ame not of suche maner condition.
1543 More's Hist. Richard III in Chron. J. Hardyng f. lxviv If suche kynde of woordes had not been.
1647 J. Howell New Vol. of Lett. 138 A holy kind of liquor made of such sort of flowers.
1670 T. S. & A. Roberts Adventures Eng. Merchant 200 When such kind of Reports are imprinted into the Fancy of the People.
1707 J. Ward Young Mathematician's Guide iii. i. 284 Of such kind of Polygons there are infinite Varieties.
1804–6 S. Smith Elem. Sketches Moral Philos. (1850) 110 Such sort of questions..are not merely innocent subtleties.
1841 F. E. Paget Tales of Village (1852) 488 Such kind of things are not uncommon..among gay young men.
34.
a.in such manner: in this or that way. in such manner or † sort as: in the way that, as.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > [phrase] > in this, some, any, etc., way > in this way
in such manner1297
thus1426
this gate1513
of this sortc1550
on this sort1557
thissena1652
the world > action or operation > manner of action > [phrase] > in this, some, any, etc., way > in this way > in such a way > that
in such manner1297
in such wise as1390
in sort1548
1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 7779 So þat þe king in such manere suluer wan ynou.
1484 W. Caxton tr. Subtyl Historyes & Fables Esope vii He prayd in suche maner as foloweth.
1592 W. West Symbolæogr.: 1st Pt. §100 g The one doth..couenant with the other to doe..some..thing or things in such sort as they haue concluded therof amongst themselues.
1628 T. Hobbes tr. Thucydides Peloponnesian War (1822) 47 In such sort as it should seem best.
1709 G. Berkeley Ess. New Theory of Vision §72. 79 The Faintness, which enlarges the Appearance, must be applied in such Sort, and with such Circumstances, as have been observed to attend the Vision of great Magnitudes.
1818 W. Cruise Digest Laws Eng. Real Prop. (ed. 2) IV. 395 In such sort, manner, and form..as the husband should thereafter..appoint.
b. in such (a) manner or sort (arch.) as, as that, that: in such a way that, so that.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > [phrase] > in this, some, any, etc., way > in this way > in such a way
in (by, on, upon) such wisea1225
in (on) such (a) wise1390
in such (a) manner or sort (arch.) as, as that, that1449
in this way1738
1449 J. Metham Wks. (E.E.T.S.) 301 Help me to adorune ther chauns in sqwyche manere, So that [etc.].
1560 J. Daus tr. J. Sleidane Commentaries f. clxx Themperour answereth ye protestantes Ambassadours..in suche sorte as it coulde not be wel perceiued, whether [etc.].
1576 A. Fleming tr. Cicero in Panoplie Epist. 59 I will write of my selfe..in such sort, that I varie not from the president..of many noble..personages.
1609 W. Shakespeare Sonnets xcvi. sig. G I loue thee in such sort, As thou being mine, mine is thy good report. View more context for this quotation
1625 F. Bacon Ess. (new ed.) 129 Let him..moue it himselfe, in such sort, as may foile it.
1665 J. Bunyan Holy Citie To Rdr. sig. A ijv That one so low..as I, should busie my self in such sort, as to meddle [etc.].
1678 J. Moxon Mech. Dyalling 10 Apply one of the sides of your Clinatory..to the Plane, in such sort that the Plumb-line..may fall upon the Circumference of the Quadrant.
1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 321. ¶30 In such a manner as they shall not be miss'd.
1771 Encycl. Brit. II. 693/2 An index..which..is joined to the centre A, in such manner as that it can move round.
1821 P. B. Shelley Let. 8 June (1964) II. 297 In such a manner as it shall be difficult for the reviser to leave such errors.
1825 W. Scott Betrothed Concl., in Tales Crusaders II. 340 Damian shrunk together in such sort that his fetters clashed.
1885 T. C. Finlayson Biol. Relig. 31 But the man who is spiritually dead is, at the same time, in such sort living, that [etc.].
35. such-a-thing = Thingumbob, What's-his-name. (Cf. French Monsieur Chose.) Obsolete.
ΚΠ
1756 M. Calderwood Lett. & Jrnls. (1884) vi. 167 Who knows who Mr. Such-a-thing is?
36. such time as (or that): the time when, the moment at which. (rarely with as omitted.) Occasionally used (quot. 1634) as conjunctional phr. = When, while; also pleonastically with when (quot. a1616). Obsolete or archaic.
ΘΚΠ
the world > time > particular time > [adverb] > the time at which
when971
such time as (or that)1411
1411 Rolls of Parl. III. 650/2 Atte such resonable tyme as it likyth the forsaid Lord the Roos to assigne.
1518 in I. S. Leadam Select Cases Court of Requests (1898) 15 Vnto suche tyme as he..payde vnto the seid John for his fees ix.s.
1550 in Rep. Royal Comm. Hist. MSS: Var. Coll. (1907) IV. 220 Untyll suche tyme that Mr. Meyor..shall take any order for the same.
1611 M. Smith in Bible (King James) Transl. Pref. ⁋2 At such time as the professours and teachers of Christianitie..were liberally endowed.
a1616 W. Shakespeare Coriolanus (1623) iii. iii. 19 And when such time they haue begun to cry, Let them not cease. View more context for this quotation
1634 T. Herbert Relation Some Yeares Trauaile 82 He attained the Georgian Confines, in a darke night, such time as the Persians slept.
1660 A. Wood Life & Times (1891) I. 349 Till such time the sickness is ceased in their house.
a1761 W. Law Comfort Weary Pilgrim (1809) 16 Till such time as something has disturbed his state.
37. (See also suchwise adv.)
a. in (on) such (a) wise: in such a manner, so, thus. archaic.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > [phrase] > in this, some, any, etc., way > in this way > in such a way
in (by, on, upon) such wisea1225
in (on) such (a) wise1390
in such (a) manner or sort (arch.) as, as that, that1449
in this way1738
1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 1 So that it myhte in such a wyse..Beleve to the worldes eere.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Fairf. 14) l. 3292 He ..saide til hir on suche a wise. mayden saide he þou gif me drinke.
c1440 Generydes 34 Gret pite that she in suche a wyse Shuld sette hyr wurchippe atte so litill prise.
a1555 H. Latimer Frutefull Serm. (1572) ii. f. 185v Whosoeuer in such wise fighteth with the deuil, shal haue the victory.
1838 E. B. Browning Isobel's Child vii All smiles come in such a wise, Where tears shall fall or have of old.
1887 W. Morris tr. Homer Odyssey I. xii. 224 Eurylochus spake in suchwise.
1913 D. Bray Life-hist. Brahui i. 5 She believes that in such wise will it be given life.
b. in (by, on, upon) such wise: in such a manner, so that, as to.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > [phrase] > in this, some, any, etc., way > in this way > in such a way
in (by, on, upon) such wisea1225
in (on) such (a) wise1390
in such (a) manner or sort (arch.) as, as that, that1449
in this way1738
a1225 Leg. Kath. 1956 Þis pinfule gin wes o swuch wise iginet, þet [etc.].
a1450 Knt. de la Tour xvii To be ielous..in suche wise as to shame hym selff and his wiff.
1477 W. Caxton tr. R. Le Fèvre Hist. Jason (1913) 30 The raynes of his horse faylled..in suche wise as he tumblid the hede vnder.
1490 W. Caxton tr. Foure Sonnes of Aymon (1885) i. 28 He smote a knyghte..by suche a wyse that he ouerthrewe hym doun deed.
1569 R. Grafton Chron. II. 10 He destroyed the land..in such wise, that .ix. yeres after it lay vnlaboured.
1858 E. H. Sears Athanasia x. 80 The pneumatology of the sacred writers brings home to us the doctrine of the resurrection in such wise as to give it [etc.].
1903 Westm. Gaz. 12 Jan. 10/1 He..gave proof of a cruel..disposition, in suchwise that [etc.].
c. in such wise as: in the way that, as. Obsolete.
ΘΚΠ
the world > action or operation > manner of action > [phrase] > in this, some, any, etc., way > in this way > in such a way > that
in such manner1297
in such wise as1390
in sort1548
1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 106 In such wise as he compasseth, His wit al one alle othre passeth.
1417 King Henry V in H. Ellis Orig. Lett. Eng. Hist. (1846) 3rd Ser. I. 61 [They] have..doon theire Ambassiat in suche wyse as we halde us wel apaide.
a1535 T. More Dialoge of Comfort (1553) ii. xvi. sig. I.viiiv He yt is illuded by the Deuyll, is in suche wyse deceyued, and worse to, than be they by theyr dreame.
1630 W. Prynne Anti-Arminianisme 9 We must receiue Gods promises in such wise as they are generally set forth vnto vs.
***
38. as such.
a. As being what the name or description implies; in that capacity.
ΚΠ
1711 R. Steele Spectator No. 41. ⁋5 When she observed Will. irrevocably her Slave, she began to use him as such.
1712 R. Steele Spectator No. 386. ⁋2 Witty Men are apt to imagine they are agreeable as such.
1797 Encycl. Brit. XVI. 566/2 Her son was proclaimed her heir, and as such great duke of all the Russias.
1831 W. Scott Castle Dangerous xiii, in Tales of my Landlord 4th Ser. IV. 315 A Welsh knight, known as such by the diminutive size of his steed.
1851 W. B. Carpenter Man. Physiol. (ed. 2) 434 Biliary matter does not pre-exist as such in the blood.
1851 A. W. Pugin Chancel Screens 10 No parochial churches, built as such, ever had close screens.
1891 J. B. Edge in Law Times 90 395/1 The defendant is the rector of the parish, and, as such, occupies the glebe land.
1911 Act 1 & 2 George V c. 48 §4 The trade or business carried on in the house or place by the licence holder as such.
b. The sense ‘in that capacity’ passes contextually into: Accordingly, consequently, thereupon. colloquial or informal.
ΚΠ
1721 in H. J. F. Swayne Churchwardens' Accts. Sarum (1896) 351 [He] did..publickly Declare..That he had chosen the said William Clemens to be his parish Clerk..And bid the Congregation to..accept him—as such Witness Henry Biggs, F. Barber, [etc.].
1800 J. King in Corr. W. Fowler (1907) 33 I very much longed to hear from you..and as such I did not the least esteem it for its having been delayed for the reasons assigned.
1814 W. Fowler in Corr. W. Fowler (1907) 297 H. R. H. Princess Augusta..motioned for me to come to her Highness. As such she addressed me in the most pleasant manner possible.
c. (Earlier †as it is such, etc.) Intrinsically considered; in itself; quâ (so-and-so).
ΚΠ
1654 Z. Coke Art of Logick 2 Philosophy, which comprehends Metaphysicks, which considereth things as they are such.
1670 J. Milton Hist. Brit. vi. 291 True fortitude glories not in the feats of War, as they are such, but as they serve to end War soonest by a victorious Peace.
1678 R. Cudworth True Intellect. Syst. Universe i. v. 839 If Matter as such, had Life, Perception, and Understanding belonging to it.
1732 G. Berkeley Alciphron I. ii. v. 80 Is there any thing in the nature of Vice, as such that renders it a public blessing?
1777 W. Cowper Let. 25 May (1979) I. 269 His later Epistles I think are worth little as such, but might be turn'd to excellent Account by a Young Student of Taste & Judgement.
1849 J. Ruskin Seven Lamps Archit. vi. 169 History, as such, was indeed entrusted to the painters of its interior.
1884 B. Bosanquet et al. tr. H. Lotze Metaphysic 68 The abstract conception of a Thing as such.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1915; most recently modified version published online June 2022).

suchadv.conj.

Forms: Also Old English swelce, swilce, swylce, (etc.) Middle English swice, swilc, Middle English swulche, Middle English swulc, swich, suich, suych, swlc(h, sulc(h, 1500s suche.
Etymology: Old English swelce , etc., < swelc such adj. and pron.
Obsolete.
A. adv.
a. In correlation: So. rare.In Old English the adverbial meanings are ‘in like manner, likewise, also, as well, too’, ‘as, like’, ‘in such a manner, so’.
ΚΠ
a831 Charter in Old Eng. Texts 444 Mid suilce godcunde gode suilce iow cynlic ðynce.
1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis I. 28 As Stiel is hardest in his kynde Above alle othre that men finde Of Metals, such was Rome tho The myhtieste.
c1405 (c1387–95) G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 684 Swiche glarynge eyen hadde he as an hare.
c1405 (c1387–95) G. Chaucer Canterbury Tales Prol. (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 243 Vn to swich a worthy man as he.
c1430 Pilgr. Lyf Manhode (1869) iv. xii. 182 It is a meevinge sercleliche suich in the ende as at the firste.
b. To such an extent, so much (that).
ΘΚΠ
the world > relative properties > quantity > degree or relative amount of a quality, action, etc. > [adverb] > to such an extent > to such an extent that
suchc1100
insomuch thata1450
insomuch as1579
insomuch1605
such1776
to where1933
to the point where1938
where1976
1776 D. Herd Anc. & Mod. Sc. Songs (ed. 2) I. 103 The Hogan Dutch they feared such, They bred a horrid stink then.
B. conj.
As if.
ΚΠ
c888 Ælfred tr. Boethius De Consol. Philos. xxxv. §7 Wildu dior ðær woldon to irnan & stondan swilce hi tamu wæren.
a1175 Cott. Hom. 227 Swice hi godes were.
c1175 Lamb. Hom. 91 Þa iweorden alle þos ilefede men swulche hi alle hefden ane heorte.
a1250 Owl & Night. (Jesus Oxf.) 1533 He chid & gred such he beo wod.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1978) l. 13979 He aras up and adun sat swulc [c1300 Otho ase] he weore swiðe seoc.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 1533 Þe king Leir iwerðe swa blac swlch hit a blac cloð weoren.
This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1915; most recently modified version published online March 2021).
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adj.pron.c831adv.conj.a831
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