单词 | succumb |
释义 | succumbv.ΘΚΠ the world > existence and causation > creation > destruction > destroy [verb (transitive)] > overthrow or overturn to-warpc888 overwarpeOE fallOE cumber1303 overthrowc1375 overturna1382 subverta1382 overwalta1400 sinka1400 to wend downa1400 tuyrec1400 reverse1402 tirvec1420 pervert?a1425 to put downa1425 cumrayc1425 downthringc1430 overthwart?a1439 thringc1480 subvertise1484 succumb1490 renverse1521 precipitate?1528 everta1538 wrake1570 ruinate1590 profligate1643 wreck1749 the world > movement > motion in a certain direction > downward motion > causing to come or go down > cause to come or go down [verb (transitive)] > bring to the ground/lay low layc888 afelleOE to throw downa1250 groundc1275 to lay to ground, to earth (Sc. at eird)c1275 stoopc1275 evena1382 abatec1390 to bring downa1400 falla1400 welt?a1400 throwa1450 tumble1487 succumb1490 strewa1500 vaila1592 flat1607 level1614 floor1642 to fetch down1705 drop1726 supplant1751 1490 Caxton's Blanchardyn & Eglantine (1962) xxviii. 104 In their folysshe pryde I shal succombe & brynge a lowe their corage. 1490 W. Caxton tr. Eneydos xxii. 81 For to distroye her, & vtterly subcombe her in-to persecucyon extreme. c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) 1 Thre vehement plagis, quhilk hes al maist succumbit oure cuntre in final euertione. c1550 Complaynt Scotl. (1979) vii. 56 My triumphant stait is succumbit in decadens. ΘΚΠ the world > action or operation > failure or lack of success > fail or be unsuccessful [verb (intransitive)] > specifically of persons > in a cause succumb1561 1561 in J. H. Burton Reg. Privy Council Scotl. (1877) 1st Ser. I. 174 To have succumbit in his said caus. 1586–7 Reg. Privy Council Scott. 1st Ser. IV. 141 Succumband and failyieand nochtwithstanding heirin. 3. a. To sink under pressure or give way to superior force, authority, etc.: originally said of persons or communities, and transferred of conditions, designs, occasionally of material things. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > decision > irresolution or vacillation > be irresolute or vacillate [verb (intransitive)] > give way or give in benda1400 sink?a1513 to give over1530 to cry creak?1562 yield1576 to hold up1596 succumb1604 to give in1616 to hoist, lower, strike the topsaila1629 to cry cravena1634 to give up or cross the cudgels1654 incumb1656 to fall in1667 to knock under1670 to knock under board, under (the) table1692 to strike underc1730 knuckle down1735 to throw (also chuck) up the sponge1860 chuck up (the sponge)1864 to throw in one's hand1893 to sky the wipe (or towel)1907 to drop one's bundle1915 to throw (chuck, or toss) in the towel1915 to buckle up1927 1604 W. Alexander Aurora El. iii. 34 Surcharg'd with sorowes I succomb. 1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. viii. 372 The eight day..he succumb'd, and could not subsist, not beeing vsed to pedestriall trauayle. 1637–50 J. Row Hist. Kirk Scotl. (Wodrow Soc.) 500 As in all nationall tryells some succumbs, sundrie did adhere to their subscription of the King's Covenant. 1751 tr. J. Pernetti Philos. Lett. Physiognomies xxxviii. 259 Our Fortitude..may bend under the Weight of Malignancy and Opposition, yet not succumb. 1754 S. Foote Knights ii. 44 That I who have rejected so many Matches should instantaneously succumb. 1846 R. C. Trench Notes Miracles Introd. v. 76 This scheme of interpretation, thus assailed from so many sides,..quickly succumbed. 1847 J. C. Calhoun Speeches in Wks. (1861) IV. 354 So completely did the National party succumb, that..the word ‘National’ was not named. 1851 ‘L. Mariotti’ Italy in 1848 vii. 499 Italy..had stood up for a wrestle with Austria, and succumbed. 1886 C. E. Pascoe London of To-day (ed. 3) xxx. 273 After suffering from conflagrations on many occasions, the crypt finally succumbed in the year 1834. b. Const. to. (In first quot. 1632, to yield the palm to.) ΚΠ 1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. v. 181 The now decayed Towne of Tharsus, who for antiquity will not succumbe to any City of Natolia. 1663 S. Butler Hudibras: First Pt. i. iii. 198 And to their wills we must succumb, Quocunque trahunt, 'tis our doom. 1716 M. Davies Athenæ Britannicæ II. 255 The pretended Infallibility of Pope Liberius, succumb'd at the same time to the same Arian Coercive Politicks. 1738 A. Hill Let. 25 June in Wks. (1753) I. 274 One is involved by events, and succumbs to, and subsists by expedients. 1825 E. Bulwer-Lytton Zicci 27 Pardon me if I do not succumb to curiosity. 1827 P. Cunningham Two Years New S. Wales II. xxiii. 92 The small trader and settler must they knew succumb to the price they chose to fix. 1848 W. K. Kelly tr. L. Blanc Hist. Ten Years II. 578 The honourable conviction, that Belgium ought not to give way to threats, however it might be doomed to succumb to force. 1878 R. A. Proctor Pleasant Ways Sci. (1879) x. 201 Even the most powerful and ferocious beasts must succumb in the long run to man. 1889 G. Findlay Working & Managem. Eng. Railway 8 Those rails were of so light a description that they soon succumbed to heavy wear and tear. c. Const. under, beneath, occasionally before. ΚΠ a1734 R. North Examen (1740) iii. vi. §47 457 Men seem to succumb under it, as a Process, now become of Course. 1808 R. Watson Charge 40 Thinking that Popery is every where succumbing under the general diffusion of knowledge. 1833 I. Taylor Fanaticism v. 97 The noble may be readily made to succumb beneath the base. a1862 H. T. Buckle Misc. Wks. (1872) I. 12 The men of facts at length succumbed before the man of ideas. 4. spec. To yield to the attacks of a disease, the effect of wounds, an operation, etc.; hence, to die. ΘΚΠ the world > life > death > [verb (intransitive)] forsweltc888 sweltc888 adeadeOE deadc950 wendeOE i-wite971 starveOE witea1000 forfereOE forthfareOE forworthc1000 to go (also depart , pass, i-wite, chare) out of this worldOE queleOE fallOE to take (also nim, underfo) (the) deathOE to shed (one's own) blood?a1100 diec1135 endc1175 farec1175 to give up the ghostc1175 letc1200 aswelta1250 leavea1250 to-sweltc1275 to-worthc1275 to yield (up) the ghost (soul, breath, life, spirit)c1290 finea1300 spilla1300 part?1316 to leese one's life-daysa1325 to nim the way of deathc1325 to tine, leave, lose the sweatc1330 flit1340 trance1340 determinec1374 disperisha1382 to go the way of all the eartha1382 to be gathered to one's fathers1382 miscarryc1387 shut1390 goa1393 to die upa1400 expirea1400 fleea1400 to pass awaya1400 to seek out of lifea1400–50 to sye hethena1400 tinea1400 trespass14.. espirec1430 to end one's days?a1439 decease1439 to go away?a1450 ungoc1450 unlivec1450 to change one's lifea1470 vade1495 depart1501 to pay one's debt to (also the debt of) naturea1513 to decease this world1515 to go over?1520 jet1530 vade1530 to go westa1532 to pick over the perch1532 galpa1535 to die the death1535 to depart to God1548 to go home1561 mort1568 inlaikc1575 shuffle1576 finish1578 to hop (also tip, pitch over, drop off, etc.) the perch1587 relent1587 unbreathe1589 transpass1592 to lose one's breath1596 to make a die (of it)1611 to go offa1616 fail1623 to go out1635 to peak over the percha1641 exita1652 drop1654 to knock offa1657 to kick upa1658 to pay nature her due1657 ghost1666 to march off1693 to die off1697 pike1697 to drop off1699 tip (over) the perch1699 to pass (also go, be called, etc.) to one's reward1703 sink1718 vent1718 to launch into eternity1719 to join the majority1721 demise1727 to pack off1735 to slip one's cable1751 turf1763 to move off1764 to pop off the hooks1764 to hop off1797 to pass on1805 to go to glory1814 sough1816 to hand in one's accounts1817 to slip one's breatha1819 croak1819 to slip one's wind1819 stiffen1820 weed1824 buy1825 to drop short1826 to fall (a) prey (also victim, sacrifice) to1839 to get one's (also the) call1839 to drop (etc.) off the hooks1840 to unreeve one's lifeline1840 to step out1844 to cash, pass or send in one's checks1845 to hand in one's checks1845 to go off the handle1848 to go under1848 succumb1849 to turn one's toes up1851 to peg out1852 walk1858 snuff1864 to go or be up the flume1865 to pass outc1867 to cash in one's chips1870 to go (also pass over) to the majority1883 to cash in1884 to cop it1884 snuff1885 to belly up1886 perch1886 to kick the bucket1889 off1890 to knock over1892 to pass over1897 to stop one1901 to pass in1904 to hand in one's marble1911 the silver cord is loosed1911 pip1913 to cross over1915 conk1917 to check out1921 to kick off1921 to pack up1925 to step off1926 to take the ferry1928 peg1931 to meet one's Maker1933 to kiss off1935 to crease it1959 zonk1968 cark1977 to cark it1979 to take a dirt nap1981 1849 E. B. Eastwick Dry Leaves 205 Half the sipáhís succumbed;—the doctor was so terrified at the number of deaths that he became deranged. 1865 D. Livingstone & C. Livingstone Narr. Exped. Zambesi xx. 404 He succumbed in a few months to fever. 1886 S. Baring-Gould Court Royal xlviii I think he caught a chill, and being below par he succumbed. 1891 Pall Mall Gaz. 10 Jan. 6/2 Mr. Picken has since succumbed to his injuries. ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > relinquishing > relinquish or give up [verb (transitive)] forsakec893 forlet971 to reach upOE agiveOE yield?c1225 uptake1297 up-yield1297 yield1297 deliverc1300 to-yielda1375 overgivec1384 grant1390 forbeara1400 livera1400 forgoc1400 upgive1415 permit1429 quit1429 renderc1436 relinquish1479 abandonc1485 to hold up?1499 enlibertyc1500 surrender1509 cess1523 relent1528 to cast up?1529 resignate1531 uprender1551 demit1563 disclaim1567 to fling up1587 to give up1589 quittance1592 vail1593 enfeoff1598 revoke1599 to give off1613 disownc1620 succumb1632 abdicate1633 delinquish1645 discount1648 to pass away1650 to turn off1667 choke1747 to jack up1870 chuck up (the sponge)1878 chuckc1879 unget1893 sling1902 to jack in1948 punt1966 to-leave- 1632 W. Lithgow Totall Disc. Trav. x. 435 Arguments of Religion..they succumbe, their conference onely pleading mutuall forbearance. Derivatives suˈccumber n. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > decision > irresolution or vacillation > [noun] > giving way or giving in > one who flincher1598 yielder1598 fainter1826 succumber1844 1844 Gladstone Let. in E. S. Purcell Life Cardinal Manning (1895) I. xiv. 297 I am not sure..of your whole assertion that subscribers were mere succumbers. suˈccumbing n. ΘΚΠ the mind > will > decision > irresolution or vacillation > [noun] > giving way or giving in yieldingc1425 yield1602 succumbency1653 succumbence1837 reculade1883 succumbing1885 1885 Athenæum 3 Jan. 7/1 Was it a sudden succumbing of Becket's keen intelligence to those superstitions of a dark age? This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1915; most recently modified version published online June 2022). < v.1490 |
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