subjacentadj.

Brit.

/ˌsʌbˈdʒeɪs(ə)nt/,

/səbˈdʒeɪs(ə)nt/, U.S.

/ˌsəbˈdʒeɪsnt/

Forms: 1500s–1600s subiacent, 1600s– subjacent.

Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin subiacent-, subiacēns.

Etymology: < classical Latin subiacent-, subiacēns, present participle of subiacēre to lie underneath, to lie at the foot or edge, to come under the heading (of) < sub- sub- prefix + iacēre to lie (see jacent adj.). Compare Middle French, French subjacent situated underneath or below (1534; 14th cent. in sense ‘submissive, inferior’).

1. Situated underneath or below; underlying.

a. In general use.In quot. 1583 in figurative context, implying the sense ‘in a state of subjection’.

ΚΠ

1583 B. Melbancke Philotimus (new ed.) sig. O Penitence hath crueltie her subiacent thrall.

1592 R. Dallington tr. F. Colonna Hypnerotomachia f. 70^v The corners of which triangle did iumpe with the sides, and lymbus of the subiacent plynth.

1609 J. Davies Holy Roode sig. D2^v Such Sight a squemish stomacke ouerturnes, But comforts mine, with Matter subiacent.

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Subiacent, subiacent; vnder-lying.

1660 R. Boyle New Exper. Physico-mechanicall i. 34 Not the incumbent Atmosphere, but onely the subjacent Air in the brass Cylinder.

a1691 H. Piers Chorogr. Descr. W.-Meath in C. Vallancey Collectanea de Rebus Hibernicis (1770) I. i. 29 The subjacent liquor in the glass.

1756 Philos. Trans. 1755 (Royal Soc.) 49 144 Whatever part of this vapour begins to..subside first, will carry down with it part of the subjacent vapour.

1786 T. Baldwin Airopaidia xxxviii. 169 During the Ascent of the Balloon..the circular Prospects of the subjacent Earth instantly contracted.

1846 W. S. Landor Imaginary Conversat. in Wks. II. 31/2 He..pushed his wedgy snout far within the straw subjacent.

1875 J. Croll Climate & Time x. 172 The whole of the surface-film, being chilled at the same time, sinks through the subjacent water.

1942 W. A. Hutchins Sel. Probl. Law Water Rights in West iv. 258 Water of an artesian basin, within or subjacent to privately owned lands, is not public water but belongs to the landowner.

1992 P. W. Birnie & A. E. Boyle Internat. Law & Environment x. i. 390 Airspace..above land, is simply a spatial dimension subject to the sovereignty of the subjacent states.

b. Anatomy and Botany. Lying beneath a part of an animal or plant; located or occurring in a position inferior to a structure.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > low position > [adjective] > situated or placed under

underlaida1100

subjected?a1425

suppositivec1475

subject?1541

subjacent1598

subterjacent1598

underlying1611

subjunct1639

supposite1640

suppedaneous1646

subordinate1648

subdititious1657

substrated1663

succumbent1664

subtended1670

substrate1678

subadjacent1722

supposed1766

subtending1777

substrative1823

underset1845

infraposed1854

substant1883

underneath1894

underlappingc1900

1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. f. 10^v/2 The fore-sayed subiacent, or subiectede membrane.

1638 A. Read Man. Anat. Body of Man (new ed.) v. 41 It [sc. the omentum] is thin, that it should not burden the subjacent parts.

1694 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 18 229 [The use of] the Musculus Mylohyoideus..in Compressing its subjacent sublingual Glands.

1760 Philos. Trans. 1759 (Royal Soc.) 51 176 The ramifications of the subjacent blood-vessels.

1787 E. Darwin et al. tr. C. Linnaeus et al. Families of Plants II. 479 There are two concave impressions from the back, prominent underneath, which compress the subjacent wings.

1813 J. Thomson Lect. Inflammation 2 The skin and subjacent cellular membrane.

1896 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. I. 238 Parts subjacent to cutaneous surfaces.

1929 Amer. Jrnl. Bot. 16 125 At the free ends,..the epidermal layer remains joined to this subjacent tissue.

1968 New Eng. Jrnl. Med. 4 Apr. 778/2 The exact genesis of the supraclavicular arterial bruit is unknown, but, in some fashion, must originate as turbulence in subjacent vessels.

2004 Internat. Jrnl. Plant Sci. 165 725/2 Late sympetaly occurs by growth subjacent to the petals and their sinuses.

c. Geology. Of a rock formation, stratum, mineral deposit, etc.: lying beneath another formation or area of ground.

ΚΠ

1695 J. Woodward Ess. Nat. Hist. Earth 122 The subjacent Strata.

1757 tr. J. F. Henckel Pyritologia 144 They [sc. pyrites-corpuscles] did not sprout out of the subjacent rock itself.

1854 R. I. Murchison Siluria v. 104 Another body of igneous rock lies subjacent to the Caradoc conglomerate.

1883 Law Rep.: Queen's Bench Div. 10 562 A piece of land was granted with a reservation of the whole of the subjacent minerals to the superior.

1945 Jrnl. Geol. (Chicago) 53 167/1 Associated with the two upper metabentonites are..beds of black chert formed at the contact with the subjacent limestone.

1977 A. Hallam Planet Earth 19/2 There are on Mercury smooth plains which occur both between craters and superimposed over subjacent cratered terrain.

2005 Jrnl. Geol. (Chicago) 113 335/2 Methods used to estimate fault slip include..correlation of volcanic and originally subjacent plutonic rocks.

2. figurative and in extended use. Forming the basis or substratum. Cf. subject adj. 9, subjected adj. Compounds.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > keeping from knowledge > [adjective] > underlying

subjacent1604

underlying1611

substratal1838

unevolved1884

1604 tr. Tertullian in T. Bell Downefall Poperie vi. 95 I reuerence the plenitude, fulnesse, and perfection of the scripture; as which sheweth to me, both the maker, and the things which are made. But that all things are made of some subiacent matter [L. subiacenti materia], I neuer could yet read any where.

a1677 I. Barrow Wks. (1683) II. 74 The advantage of chusing one sutable to the subjacent matter and occasion.

1784 E. Sibly New & Compl. Illustr. Astrol. (new ed.) ii. 397 That by astrology the quality of the subjacent temperaments..might be discovered and known.

1846 R. C. Trench Notes Miracles i. 116 The Lord..might have created with no subjacent material the wine with which he cheered these guests.

1880 Academy 14 Aug. 118/2 Anyone who will carefully compare the agreements and differences in Latin renderings, irrespective of the subjacent Greek text.

1933 R. C. Hutchinson Unforgotten Prisoner ix. 217 The dark figures..still play a part in the subjacent mystery that wholly ruled his mother's life.

1994 P. O'Brian Commodore (1996) vii. 184 A subjacent happiness always ready to become fully conscious.

3. Lying or situated at a lower level, at or near the base (e.g. of a mountain).

ΘΚΠ

the world > the earth > land > landscape > low land > [adjective]

lowc1300

lowland1567

humble1579

low country1581

bottomy1635

subjacent1648

flat-lying1762

down country1827

1648 W. Montagu Miscellanea Spiritualia x. v. 116 After there broke out this Spring of Living water, on the tops of the mountaines of the Empire, it ranne down more naturally, and plentifully upon the subjacent parts.

1650 Earl of Monmouth tr. J. F. Senault Man become Guilty 305 They built Citadels on the tops of mountains, to discover the subjacent Countreys.

c1660 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1641 (1955) II. 64 Perceiving all the subjacent Country (at so smale an horizontal distance) to repercusse such a light as I could hardly looke against.

1760 S. Derrick Lett. (1767) I. 79 The rivers that water the subjacent plains.

1774 T. Pennant Tour Scotl. 1772 327 Over the subjacent vales and lochs.

1837 J. G. Lockhart Mem. Life Scott (1839) X. 84 Before the subjacent and surrounding lake and morass were drained.

1879 R. L. Stevenson Edinburgh ii. 6 The smoke of the Old Town blowing abroad over the subjacent country.

1903 Times 4 July 18/5 (advt.) A delightful situation overlooking grounds of striking natural beauty, with an extensive lake in the subjacent valley.

1971 Bull. U.S. Geol. Surv. No. 1323. 28 Characteristically, the rock glaciers occupy subjacent valleys emanating from cirques occupied by small glaciers.

†4. Taking place underneath or below. Obsolete. rare.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > low position > [adjective] > situated or placed under > taking place underneath or below

subjacent1862

1862 F. C. L. Wraxall tr. V. Hugo Les Misérables II. iv. i. v. 293 The sign of a vast subjacent conflagration.

1898 P. Manson Trop. Dis. xviii. 296 The superjacent mucous membrane sloughing or disintegrating in consequence of the subjacent destruction of its nutrient vessels.

Derivatives

subˈjacently adv. in a subjacent manner.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > relative position > low position > [adverb] > under

underc825

thereunderc897

beneath?c1225

beneath-forth1398

hereunder1639

subjacently1874

1874 Official Gaz. (U.S. Patent Office) 5 May 540/2 The combination, with movable pin J and a follower-stem, C, apertured at several points, of a subjacently-notched lever, D, fulcrumed on a pivoted bar, L, as and for the purpose specified.

1881 G. MacDonald Warlock o' Glenwarlock ix. 107 A new era in his life.., the thought of which had been subjacently present in his dreams.

1916 School of Mines Q. 36 166 A much smaller outcrop, which is undoubtedly subjacently connected with the above, lies north of Berlin and is roughly a right-angled triangle with a base on Eagle Creek.

2009 Northern Echo (Nexis) 28 Nov. 20 Subjacently soaked and fish-finger frozen, I'm in from a match at Shildon, head unerringly for a pew by the heater.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	subjacent
释义	subjacentadj. Brit. /ˌsʌbˈdʒeɪs(ə)nt/, /səbˈdʒeɪs(ə)nt/, U.S. /ˌsəbˈdʒeɪsnt/ Forms: 1500s–1600s subiacent, 1600s– subjacent. Origin: A borrowing from Latin. Etymons: Latin subiacent-, subiacēns. Etymology: < classical Latin subiacent-, subiacēns, present participle of subiacēre to lie underneath, to lie at the foot or edge, to come under the heading (of) < sub- sub- prefix + iacēre to lie (see jacent adj.). Compare Middle French, French subjacent situated underneath or below (1534; 14th cent. in sense ‘submissive, inferior’). 1. Situated underneath or below; underlying. a. In general use.In quot. 1583 in figurative context, implying the sense ‘in a state of subjection’. ΚΠ 1583 B. Melbancke Philotimus (new ed.) sig. O Penitence hath crueltie her subiacent thrall. 1592 R. Dallington tr. F. Colonna Hypnerotomachia f. 70^v The corners of which triangle did iumpe with the sides, and lymbus of the subiacent plynth. 1609 J. Davies Holy Roode sig. D2^v Such Sight a squemish stomacke ouerturnes, But comforts mine, with Matter subiacent. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Subiacent, subiacent; vnder-lying. 1660 R. Boyle New Exper. Physico-mechanicall i. 34 Not the incumbent Atmosphere, but onely the subjacent Air in the brass Cylinder. a1691 H. Piers Chorogr. Descr. W.-Meath in C. Vallancey Collectanea de Rebus Hibernicis (1770) I. i. 29 The subjacent liquor in the glass. 1756 Philos. Trans. 1755 (Royal Soc.) 49 144 Whatever part of this vapour begins to..subside first, will carry down with it part of the subjacent vapour. 1786 T. Baldwin Airopaidia xxxviii. 169 During the Ascent of the Balloon..the circular Prospects of the subjacent Earth instantly contracted. 1846 W. S. Landor Imaginary Conversat. in Wks. II. 31/2 He..pushed his wedgy snout far within the straw subjacent. 1875 J. Croll Climate & Time x. 172 The whole of the surface-film, being chilled at the same time, sinks through the subjacent water. 1942 W. A. Hutchins Sel. Probl. Law Water Rights in West iv. 258 Water of an artesian basin, within or subjacent to privately owned lands, is not public water but belongs to the landowner. 1992 P. W. Birnie & A. E. Boyle Internat. Law & Environment x. i. 390 Airspace..above land, is simply a spatial dimension subject to the sovereignty of the subjacent states. b. Anatomy and Botany. Lying beneath a part of an animal or plant; located or occurring in a position inferior to a structure. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > low position > [adjective] > situated or placed under underlaida1100 subjected?a1425 suppositivec1475 subject?1541 subjacent1598 subterjacent1598 underlying1611 subjunct1639 supposite1640 suppedaneous1646 subordinate1648 subdititious1657 substrated1663 succumbent1664 subtended1670 substrate1678 subadjacent1722 supposed1766 subtending1777 substrative1823 underset1845 infraposed1854 substant1883 underneath1894 underlappingc1900 1598 A. M. tr. J. Guillemeau Frenche Chirurg. f. 10^v/2 The fore-sayed subiacent, or subiectede membrane. 1638 A. Read Man. Anat. Body of Man (new ed.) v. 41 It [sc. the omentum] is thin, that it should not burden the subjacent parts. 1694 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 18 229 [The use of] the Musculus Mylohyoideus..in Compressing its subjacent sublingual Glands. 1760 Philos. Trans. 1759 (Royal Soc.) 51 176 The ramifications of the subjacent blood-vessels. 1787 E. Darwin et al. tr. C. Linnaeus et al. Families of Plants II. 479 There are two concave impressions from the back, prominent underneath, which compress the subjacent wings. 1813 J. Thomson Lect. Inflammation 2 The skin and subjacent cellular membrane. 1896 T. C. Allbutt et al. Syst. Med. I. 238 Parts subjacent to cutaneous surfaces. 1929 Amer. Jrnl. Bot. 16 125 At the free ends,..the epidermal layer remains joined to this subjacent tissue. 1968 New Eng. Jrnl. Med. 4 Apr. 778/2 The exact genesis of the supraclavicular arterial bruit is unknown, but, in some fashion, must originate as turbulence in subjacent vessels. 2004 Internat. Jrnl. Plant Sci. 165 725/2 Late sympetaly occurs by growth subjacent to the petals and their sinuses. c. Geology. Of a rock formation, stratum, mineral deposit, etc.: lying beneath another formation or area of ground. ΚΠ 1695 J. Woodward Ess. Nat. Hist. Earth 122 The subjacent Strata. 1757 tr. J. F. Henckel Pyritologia 144 They [sc. pyrites-corpuscles] did not sprout out of the subjacent rock itself. 1854 R. I. Murchison Siluria v. 104 Another body of igneous rock lies subjacent to the Caradoc conglomerate. 1883 Law Rep.: Queen's Bench Div. 10 562 A piece of land was granted with a reservation of the whole of the subjacent minerals to the superior. 1945 Jrnl. Geol. (Chicago) 53 167/1 Associated with the two upper metabentonites are..beds of black chert formed at the contact with the subjacent limestone. 1977 A. Hallam Planet Earth 19/2 There are on Mercury smooth plains which occur both between craters and superimposed over subjacent cratered terrain. 2005 Jrnl. Geol. (Chicago) 113 335/2 Methods used to estimate fault slip include..correlation of volcanic and originally subjacent plutonic rocks. 2. figurative and in extended use. Forming the basis or substratum. Cf. subject adj. 9, subjected adj. Compounds. ΘΚΠ the mind > mental capacity > knowledge > hiding, concealing from view > keeping from knowledge > [adjective] > underlying subjacent1604 underlying1611 substratal1838 unevolved1884 1604 tr. Tertullian in T. Bell Downefall Poperie vi. 95 I reuerence the plenitude, fulnesse, and perfection of the scripture; as which sheweth to me, both the maker, and the things which are made. But that all things are made of some subiacent matter [L. subiacenti materia], I neuer could yet read any where. a1677 I. Barrow Wks. (1683) II. 74 The advantage of chusing one sutable to the subjacent matter and occasion. 1784 E. Sibly New & Compl. Illustr. Astrol. (new ed.) ii. 397 That by astrology the quality of the subjacent temperaments..might be discovered and known. 1846 R. C. Trench Notes Miracles i. 116 The Lord..might have created with no subjacent material the wine with which he cheered these guests. 1880 Academy 14 Aug. 118/2 Anyone who will carefully compare the agreements and differences in Latin renderings, irrespective of the subjacent Greek text. 1933 R. C. Hutchinson Unforgotten Prisoner ix. 217 The dark figures..still play a part in the subjacent mystery that wholly ruled his mother's life. 1994 P. O'Brian Commodore (1996) vii. 184 A subjacent happiness always ready to become fully conscious. 3. Lying or situated at a lower level, at or near the base (e.g. of a mountain). ΘΚΠ the world > the earth > land > landscape > low land > [adjective] lowc1300 lowland1567 humble1579 low country1581 bottomy1635 subjacent1648 flat-lying1762 down country1827 1648 W. Montagu Miscellanea Spiritualia x. v. 116 After there broke out this Spring of Living water, on the tops of the mountaines of the Empire, it ranne down more naturally, and plentifully upon the subjacent parts. 1650 Earl of Monmouth tr. J. F. Senault Man become Guilty 305 They built Citadels on the tops of mountains, to discover the subjacent Countreys. c1660 J. Evelyn Diary anno 1641 (1955) II. 64 Perceiving all the subjacent Country (at so smale an horizontal distance) to repercusse such a light as I could hardly looke against. 1760 S. Derrick Lett. (1767) I. 79 The rivers that water the subjacent plains. 1774 T. Pennant Tour Scotl. 1772 327 Over the subjacent vales and lochs. 1837 J. G. Lockhart Mem. Life Scott (1839) X. 84 Before the subjacent and surrounding lake and morass were drained. 1879 R. L. Stevenson Edinburgh ii. 6 The smoke of the Old Town blowing abroad over the subjacent country. 1903 Times 4 July 18/5 (advt.) A delightful situation overlooking grounds of striking natural beauty, with an extensive lake in the subjacent valley. 1971 Bull. U.S. Geol. Surv. No. 1323. 28 Characteristically, the rock glaciers occupy subjacent valleys emanating from cirques occupied by small glaciers. †4. Taking place underneath or below. Obsolete. rare. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > low position > [adjective] > situated or placed under > taking place underneath or below subjacent1862 1862 F. C. L. Wraxall tr. V. Hugo Les Misérables II. iv. i. v. 293 The sign of a vast subjacent conflagration. 1898 P. Manson Trop. Dis. xviii. 296 The superjacent mucous membrane sloughing or disintegrating in consequence of the subjacent destruction of its nutrient vessels. Derivatives subˈjacently adv. in a subjacent manner. ΘΚΠ the world > space > relative position > low position > [adverb] > under underc825 thereunderc897 beneath?c1225 beneath-forth1398 hereunder1639 subjacently1874 1874 Official Gaz. (U.S. Patent Office) 5 May 540/2 The combination, with movable pin J and a follower-stem, C, apertured at several points, of a subjacently-notched lever, D, fulcrumed on a pivoted bar, L, as and for the purpose specified. 1881 G. MacDonald Warlock o' Glenwarlock ix. 107 A new era in his life.., the thought of which had been subjacently present in his dreams. 1916 School of Mines Q. 36 166 A much smaller outcrop, which is undoubtedly subjacently connected with the above, lies north of Berlin and is roughly a right-angled triangle with a base on Eagle Creek. 2009 Northern Echo (Nexis) 28 Nov. 20 Subjacently soaked and fish-finger frozen, I'm in from a match at Shildon, head unerringly for a pew by the heater. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < adj.1583
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