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单词 acetic
释义

aceticadj.

Brit. /əˈsiːtɪk/, /əˈsɛtɪk/, U.S. /əˈsidɪk/
Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French acétique.
Etymology: < French acétique (1787 in the source translated in quot. 1788; compare acetic acid n.) < classical Latin acētum acetum n. + French -ique -ic suffix. Compare German essigsauer (adjective), literally ‘acid like vinegar’ (1783 or earlier). Compare earlier acetous adj., acetose adj.
Chemistry.
Of or relating to acetic acid; producing, containing, or tasting of acetic acid (or vinegar); relating to or containing an acetyl radical or group (—C(O)CH3).
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > food > additive > acid or tart flavouring > [adjective] > relating to vinegar
acetic1788
the world > physical sensation > taste and flavour > sourness or acidity > [adjective] > resembling acid; sharp, vinegary > relating to the nature of vinegar
acetic1788
1788 J. St. John tr. L. B. Guyton de Morveau et al. Method Chym. Nomencl. 58 Acetic radical.
1799 R. Kerr tr. A. Lavoisier Elements Chem. (ed. 4) 342 Whether the greater part of the salts produced by the oxygenated acetic radical belong properly to the class of acetites, or to that of acetats.
1867 W. A. Miller Elements Chem. (ed. 4) III. v. 414 The acids of this group stand in the same relation to the diatomic alcohols that those of the acetic group do to the mon-atomic alcohols.
1877 H. Watts Fownes's Man. Elem. Chem. II. 249 Acetic aldehyde, or Acetaldehyde, also called Ethyl aldehyde, but more generally by the simple name aldehyde.
1919 Vinegar Hand Bk. (Hydraulic Press Manuf. Co.) 9 The organisms producing fermentation are named from certain products,..the one forming acetic acid from alcohol being called the acetic or vinegar ferment.
1953 Amer. Jrnl. Bot. 40 575/1 A short period of fixation in acetic alcohol.
1985 P. Jackisch Mod. Winemaking vi. 81 Pomace rapidly acetifies and fruit flies can carry acetic bacteria to exposed must or wine surfaces.
1994 J. Robinson Oxf. Compan. Wine 3 Acetification of wine begins when it is exposed to oxygen, which allows acetobacter bacteria to transform the wine's alcohol into acetic acid. Such a wine may be described as acetic.

Compounds

acetic anhydride n. a colourless pungent liquid used as an acetylating agent, esp. in the production of synthetic fibres and in the conversion of opium to heroin; also called acetic oxide, ethanoic anhydride.Acetic anhydride is the anhydride of acetic acid; (C2H3O)2O.
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1866 H. Watts Dict. Chem. IV. 418 Phenyl-acetamide or Acetanilide..Produced by the action of aniline upon acetic anhydride or chloride of acetyl.
1876 Encycl. Brit. V. 571/2 Acetic anhydride is an oily liquid..having a pungent odour.
1959 F. Sondern Brotherhood of Evil App. 239 The common chemical acetic anhydride, which is used in the manufacture and treatment of rayon, is also used in the conversion of raw opium into the morphine base from which heroin is made.
2000 A. Rashid Taliban (2001) 120 Acetic anhydride, a chemical necessary to convert opium into heroin was smuggled into Afghanistan via Central Asia.
acetic ether n. = ethyl acetate n. at ethyl n. Compounds 2.
ΚΠ
1788 J. St. John tr. L. B. Guyton de Morveau et al. Method Chym. Nomencl. 53 Thus shall we say nitric ether, acetic ether, &c.
1800 Med. & Physical Jrnl. 4 369 (title) Observations on the effects of acetic ether applied by friction in rheumatic complaints.
1872 A. W. Williamson Chem. for Students §279 Acetic ether has an agreeable odour, by which its presence can be detected.
1957 Coleopterists Bull. 11 95 Valentine..has recommended ethyl acetate (acetic ether) as the ideal killing agent for beetles.
2007 Jrnl. Molecular Structure 837 285/1 The product was recrystallized several times with the mixing solvent of acetic ether/n-hexane.
acetic fermentation n. = acetous fermentation n. at acetous adj. Compounds.
ΘΚΠ
the world > food and drink > drink > manufacture of alcoholic drink > [noun] > fermentation > acetous fermentation
acetous fermentation1727
acetic fermentation1840
1840 S. Parker Jrnl. Exploring Tour beyond Rocky Mts. (ed. 2) xxv. 353 The natives prefer the poi after it has undergone the acetic fermentation.
1937 U.S. Patent 2,224,059 3/2 The herein described process of producing fruit vinegar which comprises..subjecting the fermented juice to acetic fermentation.
1996 Farmers Weekly 22 Nov. (Forage Additives Suppl.) 16/3 More trial work must be done on the impact of the acetic fermentation on silage palatability.
acetic series n. a series of fatty acids or other compounds related to acetic acid.
ΚΠ
1842 R. Kane Elements Chem. (new ed.) xxi. 944 Olefiant gas, on the other hand, gives, by the action of chlorine, a series of bodies..which indicate that it is itself a radical, having laws of combination peculiar to itself, and independent, as Berzelius had already suggested, both of the alcohol and acetic series.
1876 Encycl. Brit. V. 569/2 Aldehydes of the acetic series form compounds with HCN.
1952 Obituary Notices Fellows Royal Soc. 8 135 He found that all the fatty acids of the acetic series were easily oxidized by hydrogen peroxide.
1996 H. W. Paul Sci., Vine, & Wine in Mod. France xi. 319 Volatile acidity is the total of fatty acids of the acetic series in wine.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online March 2022).
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adj.1788
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