subahn.

Brit.

/ˈsuːbɑː/, U.S.

/ˈsubɑ/

Forms: 1600s– soubah, 1600s– suba, 1600s– subah, 1700s– soobah, 1700s– sooba, 1700s– souba.

Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Urdu. Partly a borrowing from Persian. Apparently partly formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymons: Urdu ṣūba; Persian ṣūba; Persian ṣāhib ṣūba.

Etymology: In sense 1 < (i) Urdu ṣūba province, collection of districts, administrative division of Mughal India, and its etymon (ii) Indian Persian ṣūba, in the same sense (late 16th cent.), of uncertain origin (on phonological grounds perhaps < Arabic, but no likely etymon has been identified). In sense 2 apparently shortened < Indian Persian ṣāhib ṣūba, literally ‘master of a subah’ (compare quot. 1636; also translated as Subah viceroy in quot. 1676); compare earlier subedar n.

Now historical.

1. A province or district of the Mughal empire.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > an administrative division of territory > [noun] > in India > under Moguls

subah1684

circar1784

1684 tr. F. Bernier in tr. J.-B. Tavernier et al. Coll. Trav. II. 146 Jehan-Abad, or Dehli, is the first Soubah; it hath sixteen Serkars in its dependance, and 230 Pragna's.

1708 Daily Courant 29 Sept. Two Subahs more in Hindostan, viz. the Subah of Guzaratte, and the Subah of Malva.

1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) II. 532 The names of the Soubahs, or Vice-royalties were Allahabad [etc.].

1806 T. Maurice Indian Antiq. I. 134 So accurate an account of the geography of the Indian Subahs.

1858 H. Beveridge Comprehensive Hist. India I. 141 [Akber's] administrative divisions of the empire into provinces or subahs.

1906 Jrnl. Royal Asiatic Soc. Great Brit. & Ireland Apr. 350 In Shah Jahan's time the number of provinces or Subahs was twenty-two.

1971 Jrnl. Asian Stud. 30 569 Hyderabad State developed from the Mughal subah, or province, of the Deccan.

1993 B. Mukherjee Holder of World (1994) 114 The large suba, or state, in which the English, French, Dutch and Portuguese had gained their small trading concessions.

2. The governor of such a province or district; = subedar n. 1. Now rare.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > governor of province, dependency, or colony > governors by country > [noun] > in India

nabob1612

naib1625

subedar1681

nawab1682

subah1753

rajpramukh1948

1636 W. Methwold Let. 30 Apr. in Eng. Factories in India 1634–6 (1911) 240 Saifife Ckaune, who is Saheb Sooba or Viceroye of the province of Guzeratt, hath written unto the Kinge.

1676 W. Clavell Accompt of Trade Hugly 15 Dec. in R. C. Temple Diaries Streynsham Master (1911) II. 80 Since the year 1663 or thereabouts..that Nabob Shasti Ckaun [sc. Shāistah Khān], the present Kings Uncle, became Suba Vice Roy of Bengale and obtained Hugly as part of his Jaggere.]

1753 R. Orme Gen. Idea Govt. & People Indostan i. ii, in Hist. Fragm. Mogul Empire (1805) 400 A Nabob, although appointed by a Subah, ought to have his commission confirmed by the King.

1757 Gentleman's Mag. Sept. 481/1 Whatever villages are given the company by the Phirmaund shall likewise be granted, notwithstanding they have been denied by former Subahs.

1788 E. Burke Speech against W. Hastings in Wks. (1822) XIII. 96 There was not a captain of a band of ragged topasses that looked for any thing less than the deposition of soubahs.

1803 Duke of Wellington Dispatches (1837) II. 418 Reprisal for the injuries..done by the enemy to the Soubah's country.

1884 Encycl. Brit. XVII. 343/2 The revenue, when collected by the various sūbas, is transmitted under an escort to the Government treasury.

1913 Eng. Hist. Rev. 28 280 The ruler of Hyderabad and Subah or governor for the Moghul of all southern India.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	subah
释义	subahn. Brit. /ˈsuːbɑː/, U.S. /ˈsubɑ/ Forms: 1600s– soubah, 1600s– suba, 1600s– subah, 1700s– soobah, 1700s– sooba, 1700s– souba. Origin: Of multiple origins. Partly a borrowing from Urdu. Partly a borrowing from Persian. Apparently partly formed within English, by clipping or shortening. Etymons: Urdu ṣūba; Persian ṣūba; Persian ṣāhib ṣūba. Etymology: In sense 1 < (i) Urdu ṣūba province, collection of districts, administrative division of Mughal India, and its etymon (ii) Indian Persian ṣūba, in the same sense (late 16th cent.), of uncertain origin (on phonological grounds perhaps < Arabic, but no likely etymon has been identified). In sense 2 apparently shortened < Indian Persian ṣāhib ṣūba, literally ‘master of a subah’ (compare quot. 1636; also translated as Subah viceroy in quot. 1676); compare earlier subedar n. Now historical. 1. A province or district of the Mughal empire. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > territorial jurisdiction or areas subject to > an administrative division of territory > [noun] > in India > under Moguls subah1684 circar1784 1684 tr. F. Bernier in tr. J.-B. Tavernier et al. Coll. Trav. II. 146 Jehan-Abad, or Dehli, is the first Soubah; it hath sixteen Serkars in its dependance, and 230 Pragna's. 1708 Daily Courant 29 Sept. Two Subahs more in Hindostan, viz. the Subah of Guzaratte, and the Subah of Malva. 1796 J. Morse Amer. Universal Geogr. (new ed.) II. 532 The names of the Soubahs, or Vice-royalties were Allahabad [etc.]. 1806 T. Maurice Indian Antiq. I. 134 So accurate an account of the geography of the Indian Subahs. 1858 H. Beveridge Comprehensive Hist. India I. 141 [Akber's] administrative divisions of the empire into provinces or subahs. 1906 Jrnl. Royal Asiatic Soc. Great Brit. & Ireland Apr. 350 In Shah Jahan's time the number of provinces or Subahs was twenty-two. 1971 Jrnl. Asian Stud. 30 569 Hyderabad State developed from the Mughal subah, or province, of the Deccan. 1993 B. Mukherjee Holder of World (1994) 114 The large suba, or state, in which the English, French, Dutch and Portuguese had gained their small trading concessions. 2. The governor of such a province or district; = subedar n. 1. Now rare. ΘΚΠ society > authority > rule or government > ruler or governor > governor of province, dependency, or colony > governors by country > [noun] > in India nabob1612 naib1625 subedar1681 nawab1682 subah1753 rajpramukh1948 1636 W. Methwold Let. 30 Apr. in Eng. Factories in India 1634–6 (1911) 240 Saifife Ckaune, who is Saheb Sooba or Viceroye of the province of Guzeratt, hath written unto the Kinge. 1676 W. Clavell Accompt of Trade Hugly 15 Dec. in R. C. Temple Diaries Streynsham Master (1911) II. 80 Since the year 1663 or thereabouts..that Nabob Shasti Ckaun [sc. Shāistah Khān], the present Kings Uncle, became Suba Vice Roy of Bengale and obtained Hugly as part of his Jaggere.] 1753 R. Orme Gen. Idea Govt. & People Indostan i. ii, in Hist. Fragm. Mogul Empire (1805) 400 A Nabob, although appointed by a Subah, ought to have his commission confirmed by the King. 1757 Gentleman's Mag. Sept. 481/1 Whatever villages are given the company by the Phirmaund shall likewise be granted, notwithstanding they have been denied by former Subahs. 1788 E. Burke Speech against W. Hastings in Wks. (1822) XIII. 96 There was not a captain of a band of ragged topasses that looked for any thing less than the deposition of soubahs. 1803 Duke of Wellington Dispatches (1837) II. 418 Reprisal for the injuries..done by the enemy to the Soubah's country. 1884 Encycl. Brit. XVII. 343/2 The revenue, when collected by the various sūbas, is transmitted under an escort to the Government treasury. 1913 Eng. Hist. Rev. 28 280 The ruler of Hyderabad and Subah or governor for the Moghul of all southern India. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, June 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.1684
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