sturgeonn.

/ˈstəːdʒən/

Forms: α. Middle English sturgiun, Middle English sturgun, Middle English sturgin, sturgon(n, storgon, sturgeown, Middle English storgeoun, sturgyn, storgyn, Middle English–1500s sturgyon, Middle English–1600s sturgion, (1500s sturgione), 1500s strogyon, struggen, 1500s–1600s sturgian, 1600s sturgen, Middle English– sturgeon; β. Middle English sturioun, sturion, Middle English storion, Middle English storjon, storyon, storioun, sturyon, sturione, sturiowne.

Etymology: < Anglo French sturgeon, esturgeoun etc., Old French sturg(i)un , esturgeon (modern French esturgeon , †éturgeon ), a Common Romance word = Provençal esturjon , estorjon , Spanish esturion , Portuguese esturião , esturjão , Italian storione < popular Latin sturiōn-em (nominative sturio ), < Germanic *sturjon- , whence Old High German sturjo , sturo (Middle High German stüre , störe , modern German stör ), Middle Dutch, Middle Low German störe (modern Dutch steur ), Old English styrga , Old Norse, modern Norwegian styrja (Swedish stör , Danish stør , are from Low German). Compare sture n.¹The origin of Germanic *sturjon- is obscure. If not a loanword, it may be < the root of stir v.

a. A large fish of the family Acipenseridæ, having an elongated, almost cylindrical, body protected by longitudinal rows of bony scutes and a long tapering snout, found widely distributed in the rivers and coastal waters of the north temperate zone; esp. a fish belonging to either of the genera Acipenser and Scaphirhynchops, A. sturio being the common sturgeon of the Atlantic. It is a ‘royal’ fish (see fish n.¹ Compounds 1), esteemed as an article of food, and the source of caviar and isinglass.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > subclass Actinopterygii > [noun] > infraclass Chondrostei > order Acipenseriformes > member of family Acipenseridae (sturgeon)

sturgeona1300

sound1323

sturec1485

esox?1527

shirk?1706

isinglass-fish1740

hackleback1914

α.

a1300 Havelok 753 He tok þe sturgiun, and þe qual, And þe turbut.

a1300 Havelok 1727 Lax, lampreys, and god sturgun.

c1340–50 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1898) I. 37 Et 7 pec. de sturgeon.

a1475 J. Russell Bk. Nurture (Harl. 4011) in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 160 Then kut ye þe whelk asondur,..and ley þe pecis þerof vppon youre sturgeoun.

?a1500 Nominale (Yale Beinecke 594) in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 765/20 Hic rumbus, a sturgyn.

1539 T. Elyot Castel of Helthe (new ed.) 69 b Greatte fyshes of the see, as thurlepole, porpyse and sturgeon.

1594 Extracts Munic. Acc. Newcastle (1848) 35 A cagge of struggen, 12s.

1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. v. 150 Feast-famous Sturgeons.

1620 T. Venner Via Recta iv. 78 Sturgion is a very acceptable dish.

a1641 J. Smyth Berkeley MSS (1883) II. 435 All whale fishes, Sturgeons, and all other great and royall ffishes, in whatsoever free fishings within the river of Seavern.

1677 A. Wood Life & Times (1892) II. 378 A sturgeon of 8 foot long was taken up at Clifton ferry.

1711 J. Swift Jrnl. to Stella 5 Sept. (1948) I. 352 I ate sturgeon, and it lies on my stomach.

1769 T. Pennant Brit. Zool. (new ed.) III. iv. 97 The sturgeon annually ascends our rivers.

1834 E. Griffith et al. Cuvier's Animal Kingdom X. 627 The sturgeon is much esteemed for food, and is said to eat like veal.

1836 W. Yarrell Hist. Brit. Fishes II. 360 Acipenser Sturio, Common Sturgeon.

1862 J. Couch Hist. Fishes Brit. Islands I. 150 The head of the Sturgeons is lengthened into a snout, which is slightly turned up.

1881 Cassell's Nat. Hist. V. 45 The Sturgeons form a small and natural group of fishes, distinguished by having a cartilaginous skeleton.

β. 1390 Earl Derby's Exped. (Camden) 42 Jacobo Cremer pro ij barellis de sturion.., viij marc. viij scot.a1400 Guy Warw. 3895 Þilke lord þat..in þe se made þe sturioun.c1425 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 642/7 Hic rumbus, storjon.c1430 Two Cookery-bks. i. 13 Storion in brothe.—Take fayre Freysshe Storgeoun, an choppe it in fayre water.

b. With qualifying word indicating a particular species, as black sturgeon n., lake sturgeon n., Ohio sturgeon n., red sturgeon n., rock sturgeon n., stone sturgeon n. Acipenser rubicundus, the sturgeon of the great lakes of North America. great white sturgeon n., isinglass sturgeon n., Russian sturgeon n. A. huso, the beluga n. or huso n. small sturgeon n. (or Ruthenian sturgeon) = sterlet n.¹

ΚΠ

1804 G. Shaw Gen. Zool. V. 375 Isinglass Sturgeon. Acipenser Huso. A larger fish than the common Sturgeon... Native of the Northern, Caspian, and Mediterranean seas.

2. Applied to other fishes.

ΚΠ

1683 J. Poyntz Present Prospect Tobago 20 The Indian Sturgeon (so called by the English) frequents the Bays.

†3. ? A kind of cloth (? of the colour of a sturgeon). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric of specific colour > [noun] > other

balmera1400

sturgeon1407

nacarat1839

champagne1881

1407 Will of Henry Culmer (P.R.O.: PROB. 11/2) f. 111 Meam optimam togam videlicet de viride et de sturgeon parti[to] cum capicio partito de sturgeon & scarlet.

1420 in J. W. Clay North Country Wills (1908) I. i. 29 Jupam meam nigram bene foderatam cum grey, et capicium de sturgon.

†4. (See quot. 1708.) Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > derision, ridicule, or mockery > fact or condition of being mocked or ridiculed > [noun] > object of ridicule

hethinga1340

japing-stickc1380

laughing stock?1518

mocking-stock1526

laughing game1530

jesting-stock1535

mockage1535

derision1539

sporting stocka1556

game1562

May game1569

scoffing-stock1571

playing stock1579

make-play1592

flouting-stock1593

sport1598

bauchle1600

jest1606

butt1607

make-sport1611

mocking1611

mirtha1616

laughing stakea1630

scoff1640

gaud1650

blota1657

make-mirth1656

ridicule1678

flout1708

sturgeon1708

laugh1710

ludibry1722

jestee1760

make-game1762

joke1791

laughee1808

laughing post1810

target1842

jest-word1843

Aunt Sally1859

monument1866

punchline1978

1708 Brit. Apollo 13–18 Aug. There a Custom it was, A Sturgion to call, That same Animal, Which here for a Cods-head does pass. Note. A Sturgion is a Term they give one at Dublin, whom they think a fit Subject for Banter.

Compounds

C1. General attributive.

sturgeon oil n.

ΚΠ

1881 Spons' Encycl. Industr. Arts IV. 1376 Sturgeon-oil is prepared in Russia from the fat surrounding the intestines of the sturgeon.

sturgeon spawn n.

ΚΠ

1888 G. B. Goode Amer. Fishes 37 Sturgeon spawn or live minnows are used as bait.

sturgeon tribe n.

ΚΠ

1842 Penny Cycl. XXIII. 168/1 The Sturionidæ, or Sturgeon tribe, have moreover but one opening to the gills.

C2.

sturgeon-boiler n. one who extracts sturgeon-oil.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > producer > makers of other manufactured materials > [noun] > of oil > type of

sturgeon-boiler1673

oil presser1859

stuff-melter1884

1673 Mass. Stat. (1887) 210 The sturgeon boyler or importer shall pay for the viewing and heading after 3s. 4d. p. score for all kegs and firkins.

sturgeon glue n. isinglass glue.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > adhesive > [noun] > animal- or fish-derived glue

gluec1400

mouth gluec1540

fish-glue1601

taurocol1678

sturgeon glue1907

1907 C. Hill-Tout Brit. N. Amer., Far West vii. 128 The gum of the black pine was..employed..where the sturgeon glue was not procurable.

sturgeon-head n. (see quot.).

ΚΠ

1892 W. Pike Barren Ground N. Canada 6 These inland boats..are..classified according to shape as York boats, sturgeon-heads, and scows.

† sturgeon lips n. jocular Obsolete ? lips protruded like those of a sturgeon.

ΚΠ

1599 T. Nashe Lenten Stuffe 45 On his [sc. Leander's] blew iellied sturgeon lips, she was about to clappe one of those warme plaisters.

sturgeon-pickle n. a pickle for preserving sturgeon for food.

ΘΚΠ

the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preserving or pickling > [noun] > liquid for > specific for sturgeon

sturgeon-picklea1665

a1665 K. Digby Closet Opened (1669) 254 Put it into pickle, like Sturgeon-pickle.

† sturgeon voyage n. Obsolete ? a fishing-voyage for sturgeon.

ΚΠ

1611 T. Middleton & T. Dekker Roaring Girle sig. E^v You make as much hast as if you were a going vpon a sturgion voyage.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1919; most recently modified version published online September 2021).

单词	sturgeon
释义	sturgeonn. /ˈstəːdʒən/ Forms: α. Middle English sturgiun, Middle English sturgun, Middle English sturgin, sturgon(n, storgon, sturgeown, Middle English storgeoun, sturgyn, storgyn, Middle English–1500s sturgyon, Middle English–1600s sturgion, (1500s sturgione), 1500s strogyon, struggen, 1500s–1600s sturgian, 1600s sturgen, Middle English– sturgeon; β. Middle English sturioun, sturion, Middle English storion, Middle English storjon, storyon, storioun, sturyon, sturione, sturiowne. Etymology: < Anglo French sturgeon, esturgeoun etc., Old French sturg(i)un , esturgeon (modern French esturgeon , †éturgeon ), a Common Romance word = Provençal esturjon , estorjon , Spanish esturion , Portuguese esturião , esturjão , Italian storione < popular Latin sturiōn-em (nominative sturio ), < Germanic sturjon- , whence Old High German sturjo* , sturo (Middle High German stüre , störe , modern German stör ), Middle Dutch, Middle Low German störe (modern Dutch steur ), Old English styrga , Old Norse, modern Norwegian styrja (Swedish stör , Danish stør , are from Low German). Compare sture n.¹The origin of Germanic sturjon- is obscure. If not a loanword, it may be < the root of stir v. 1. a. A large fish of the family Acipenseridæ, having an elongated, almost cylindrical, body protected by longitudinal rows of bony scutes and a long tapering snout, found widely distributed in the rivers and coastal waters of the north temperate zone; esp. a fish belonging to either of the genera Acipenser* and Scaphirhynchops, A. sturio being the common sturgeon of the Atlantic. It is a ‘royal’ fish (see fish n.¹ Compounds 1), esteemed as an article of food, and the source of caviar and isinglass. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > fish > class Osteichthyes or Teleostomi > subclass Actinopterygii > [noun] > infraclass Chondrostei > order Acipenseriformes > member of family Acipenseridae (sturgeon) sturgeona1300 sound1323 sturec1485 esox?1527 shirk?1706 isinglass-fish1740 hackleback1914 α. a1300 Havelok 753 He tok þe sturgiun, and þe qual, And þe turbut. a1300 Havelok 1727 Lax, lampreys, and god sturgun. c1340–50 in J. T. Fowler Extracts Acct. Rolls Abbey of Durham (1898) I. 37 Et 7 pec. de sturgeon. a1475 J. Russell Bk. Nurture (Harl. 4011) in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 160 Then kut ye þe whelk asondur,..and ley þe pecis þerof vppon youre sturgeoun. ?a1500 Nominale (Yale Beinecke 594) in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 765/20 Hic rumbus, a sturgyn. 1539 T. Elyot Castel of Helthe (new ed.) 69 b Greatte fyshes of the see, as thurlepole, porpyse and sturgeon. 1594 Extracts Munic. Acc. Newcastle (1848) 35 A cagge of struggen, 12s. 1605 J. Sylvester tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Deuine Weekes & Wks. i. v. 150 Feast-famous Sturgeons. 1620 T. Venner Via Recta iv. 78 Sturgion is a very acceptable dish. a1641 J. Smyth Berkeley MSS (1883) II. 435 All whale fishes, Sturgeons, and all other great and royall ffishes, in whatsoever free fishings within the river of Seavern. 1677 A. Wood Life & Times (1892) II. 378 A sturgeon of 8 foot long was taken up at Clifton ferry. 1711 J. Swift Jrnl. to Stella 5 Sept. (1948) I. 352 I ate sturgeon, and it lies on my stomach. 1769 T. Pennant Brit. Zool. (new ed.) III. iv. 97 The sturgeon annually ascends our rivers. 1834 E. Griffith et al. Cuvier's Animal Kingdom X. 627 The sturgeon is much esteemed for food, and is said to eat like veal. 1836 W. Yarrell Hist. Brit. Fishes II. 360 Acipenser Sturio, Common Sturgeon. 1862 J. Couch Hist. Fishes Brit. Islands I. 150 The head of the Sturgeons is lengthened into a snout, which is slightly turned up. 1881 Cassell's Nat. Hist. V. 45 The Sturgeons form a small and natural group of fishes, distinguished by having a cartilaginous skeleton. β. 1390 Earl Derby's Exped. (Camden) 42 Jacobo Cremer pro ij barellis de sturion.., viij marc. viij scot.a1400 Guy Warw. 3895 Þilke lord þat..in þe se made þe sturioun.c1425 in T. Wright & R. P. Wülcker Anglo-Saxon & Old Eng. Vocab. (1884) I. 642/7 Hic rumbus, storjon.c1430 Two Cookery-bks. i. 13 Storion in brothe.—Take fayre Freysshe Storgeoun, an choppe it in fayre water. b. With qualifying word indicating a particular species, as black sturgeon n., lake sturgeon n., Ohio sturgeon n., red sturgeon n., rock sturgeon n., stone sturgeon n. Acipenser rubicundus, the sturgeon of the great lakes of North America. great white sturgeon n., isinglass sturgeon n., Russian sturgeon n. A. huso, the beluga n. or huso n. small sturgeon n. (or Ruthenian sturgeon) = sterlet n.¹ ΚΠ 1804 G. Shaw Gen. Zool. V. 375 Isinglass Sturgeon. Acipenser Huso. A larger fish than the common Sturgeon... Native of the Northern, Caspian, and Mediterranean seas. 2. Applied to other fishes. ΚΠ 1683 J. Poyntz Present Prospect Tobago 20 The Indian Sturgeon (so called by the English) frequents the Bays. †3. ? A kind of cloth (? of the colour of a sturgeon). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric of specific colour > [noun] > other balmera1400 sturgeon1407 nacarat1839 champagne1881 1407 Will of Henry Culmer (P.R.O.: PROB. 11/2) f. 111 Meam optimam togam videlicet de viride et de sturgeon parti[to] cum capicio partito de sturgeon & scarlet. 1420 in J. W. Clay North Country Wills (1908) I. i. 29 Jupam meam nigram bene foderatam cum grey, et capicium de sturgon. †4. (See quot. 1708.) Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > contempt > derision, ridicule, or mockery > fact or condition of being mocked or ridiculed > [noun] > object of ridicule hethinga1340 japing-stickc1380 laughing stock?1518 mocking-stock1526 laughing game1530 jesting-stock1535 mockage1535 derision1539 sporting stocka1556 game1562 May game1569 scoffing-stock1571 playing stock1579 make-play1592 flouting-stock1593 sport1598 bauchle1600 jest1606 butt1607 make-sport1611 mocking1611 mirtha1616 laughing stakea1630 scoff1640 gaud1650 blota1657 make-mirth1656 ridicule1678 flout1708 sturgeon1708 laugh1710 ludibry1722 jestee1760 make-game1762 joke1791 laughee1808 laughing post1810 target1842 jest-word1843 Aunt Sally1859 monument1866 punchline1978 1708 Brit. Apollo 13–18 Aug. There a Custom it was, A Sturgion to call, That same Animal, Which here for a Cods-head does pass. Note. A Sturgion is a Term they give one at Dublin, whom they think a fit Subject for Banter. Compounds C1. General attributive. sturgeon oil n. ΚΠ 1881 Spons' Encycl. Industr. Arts IV. 1376 Sturgeon-oil is prepared in Russia from the fat surrounding the intestines of the sturgeon. sturgeon spawn n. ΚΠ 1888 G. B. Goode Amer. Fishes 37 Sturgeon spawn or live minnows are used as bait. sturgeon tribe n. ΚΠ 1842 Penny Cycl. XXIII. 168/1 The Sturionidæ, or Sturgeon tribe, have moreover but one opening to the gills. C2. sturgeon-boiler n. one who extracts sturgeon-oil. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > worker > workers according to type of work > manual or industrial worker > producer > makers of other manufactured materials > [noun] > of oil > type of sturgeon-boiler1673 oil presser1859 stuff-melter1884 1673 Mass. Stat. (1887) 210 The sturgeon boyler or importer shall pay for the viewing and heading after 3s. 4d. p. score for all kegs and firkins. sturgeon glue n. isinglass glue. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > adhesive > [noun] > animal- or fish-derived glue gluec1400 mouth gluec1540 fish-glue1601 taurocol1678 sturgeon glue1907 1907 C. Hill-Tout Brit. N. Amer., Far West vii. 128 The gum of the black pine was..employed..where the sturgeon glue was not procurable. sturgeon-head n. (see quot.). ΚΠ 1892 W. Pike Barren Ground N. Canada 6 These inland boats..are..classified according to shape as York boats, sturgeon-heads, and scows. † sturgeon lips n. jocular Obsolete ? lips protruded like those of a sturgeon. ΚΠ 1599 T. Nashe Lenten Stuffe 45 On his [sc. Leander's] blew iellied sturgeon lips, she was about to clappe one of those warme plaisters. sturgeon-pickle n. a pickle for preserving sturgeon for food. ΘΚΠ the world > food and drink > food > food manufacture and preparation > preserving or pickling > [noun] > liquid for > specific for sturgeon sturgeon-picklea1665 a1665 K. Digby Closet Opened (1669) 254 Put it into pickle, like Sturgeon-pickle. † sturgeon voyage n. Obsolete ? a fishing-voyage for sturgeon. ΚΠ 1611 T. Middleton & T. Dekker Roaring Girle sig. E^v You make as much hast as if you were a going vpon a sturgion voyage. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1919; most recently modified version published online September 2021). < n.a1300
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