acetaten.

Brit.

/ˈasᵻteɪt/, U.S.

/ˈæsəˌteɪt/

Forms: 1700s– acetate, 1700s–1800s acetat.

Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French acétate.

Etymology: < French acétate (1787 in the source translated in quot. 1788) < acét- (in acétique acetic adj.) + -ate -ate suffix¹. Compare German Essigsalz , literally ‘vinegar salt’ (1785 or earlier). Compare earlier acetated adj. and acetation n. Compare also acetic acid n. and acetite n.

a. Chemistry. A salt or ester, or the anion, of acetic acid.The acetate anion is CH₃COO⁻. amyl, cellulose, copper, ethyl, polyvinyl acetate, etc.: see the first element.

ΚΠ

1788 J. St. John tr. L. B. Guyton de Morveau et al. Method Chym. Nomencl. 181 Acetite of potash signifies the common foliated earth, and acetate of potash, the combination of potash with radical vinegar.

1800 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 90 221 Acetate of mercury precipitated by oxalic acid, although a true oxalate is formed, has no kind of inflammability.

1866 H. E. Roscoe Lessons Elem. Chem. ix. 82 Marsh gas may..be artificially prepared by heating sodium acetate..with caustic soda.

1872 A. W. Williamson Chem. for Students §278 The metallic acetates are, for the most part, very soluble in water.

1919 Jrnl. Industr. & Engin. Chem. 11 1133/1 Upon..treating the product with alcoholic lead acetate, no lead sulphide is formed.

1967 W. R. Butt Hormone Chem. xi. 235 It has been established that acetate is the primary carbon source of cholesterol.

1977 J. March Adv. Org. Chem. (ed. 2) xv. 750 Olefins can also be oxidized with metallic acetates such as lead tetraacetate or thallium acetate to give bisacetates of glycols.

2004 Guardian 22 May (Chemical World Suppl.) 16/3 Ethylene glycol monobutyl acetate, a common solvent in cleaning fluids, has been widely found to irritate eyes, nose and throat.

b. Photography. A toning solution containing an acetate, esp. sodium acetate. Chiefly attributive.

ΘΚΠ

society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > chemicals > [noun] > toner

sulphocyanide1841

acetate1863

toner1920

1863 C. J. Hughes Princ. & Pract. Photogr. (ed. 5) iii. 151 The care required is so much more than with the acetate bath.

1878 W. de W. Abney Photogr. 143 The acetate toning solution.

1887 W. K. Burton Pract. Guide Photogr. & Photo-mech. Printing xiii. 96 The ‘acetate’ toning bath, is perhaps, in spite of various drawbacks, the most popular bath at this day.

1942 Photogr. Jrnl. 82 16/2 Excluding acetate is a serious drawback.

2000 M. Robinson in J. Barnier Coming into Focus v. 52 What you will need... Sodium acetate (for optional acetate toner).

a. Cellulose acetate in the form of a clear plastic film, used in photography, in graphic design, as a display medium, etc. Frequently attributive. Also as a count noun: a sheet of such film, an overhead transparency.

ΘΚΠ

society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > synthetic resins and plastics > [noun] > cellulose materials

cellulose1876

soda cellulose1890

cellulose acetate1895

acetate1911

Cellon1911

cellophane1912

cellulosic1946

1911 Jrnl. Industr. & Engin. Chem. 3 871/2 We are still filling occasional orders for the acetate film and are prepared to manufacture on a large scale.

1934 Plastic Products Feb. 58 (heading) Applications of ‘Acetate’. A review of typical uses of this molding material.

1946 R. Ingersoll Top Secret i. ii. 20 First we would put the plan up on the maps, sketching it in little red and blue symbols drawn with grease pencils on sheets of acetate tacked flat against the maps themselves.

1974 J. Craig Production for Graphic Designer 172/1 The copy for each additional color is pasted on acetate overlays, each one representing a color.

1975 Lang. for Life (Dept. Educ. & Sci.) xxii. 319 Letters and words can be written on transparent acetates and then cut out.

1989 Brit. Jrnl. Orthodontics 16 281/2 The lateral skull radiographs taken at the different magnifications are traced as usual on acetate sheets.

2000 Church Times 7 Apr. 4/2 Forty-two per cent printed acetates for use on overhead projectors during services.

b. Cellulose acetate in the form of an artificial fibre, used to make textiles. Frequently attributive, as acetate rayon, acetate silk, etc.

ΘΚΠ

the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > man-made textiles > [noun] > synthetic > acetate

acetate1914

1914 Textile Amer. Oct. 43/1 For the latter purpose acetate silks are now principally used.

1926 A. L. Wykes Working Viscose Silk 34 Acetate rayons burn more slowly than other rayons.

1932 A. Huxley Brave New World iii. 58 Her jacket was made of bottle-green acetate cloth.

1952 Good Housek. (U.S. ed.) Dec. 219/1 (advt.) Celanese acetate jersey with ‘jeweled’ belt.

1964 Which? Aug. 252/2 Acetate, made from cellulose by chemical treatment of wood-pulp or cotton linters... Used for a wide range of woven fabrics such as satins, taffetas, brocades and moirés for dress and furnishing.

1988 M. Bishop Unicorn Mountain (1989) xxi. 253 He untied the acetate bandanna and stuck it into a pocket of his borrowed jeans.

1992 Canad. Living Dec. 38 (caption) Jacket, satin halter vest..and crêpe palazzo pants with elasticized waist..all of acetate rayon.

2003 Handwoven Jan.–Feb. 33/1 Acetate doesn't absorb water, and as a result created a search for dye methods that led to the discovery of disperse dyes.

3. Sound Recording. A disc made of glass, aluminium, or other material, coated with cellulose nitrate (formerly cellulose acetate), on which a recording is made by a cutting stylus (as opposed to a pressing).In early use, artists were often recorded directly on such discs, which then served as master copies. From the 1950s magnetic tape was increasingly used for sound recording, causing a change in the role of acetates. They are now produced from tape recordings and serve as test discs, used to check sound quality.

ΘΚΠ

society > communication > record > recording or reproducing sound or visual material > sound recording and reproduction > a sound recording > [noun] > record or disc > type of record

pre-release1871

record album1904

re-release1907

ten-inch1908

twelve-incher1909

demonstration record1911

pressing1912

swinger1924

repressing1927

transcription1931

long-player1932

rush release1935

pop record1937

album1945

demonstration disc1947

pop disc1947

pop single1947

long-play1948

picture disc1948

781949

single1949

forty-five1950

demo disc1952

EP1952

shellac1954

top of the pops1956

gold disc1957

acetate1962

platinum disc1964

chartbuster1965

miss1965

cover1966

reissue1966

pirate label1968

rock record1968

thirty-three (and a third)1968

sampler1969

white-label1970

double album1971

dubplate1976

seven-inch1977

mini-album1980

joint1991

1940 How to make Good Recording (Audio Devices, Inc.) 9 ‘Acetate’ recording discs have..made possible high-fidelity recording with simple and inexpensive equipment.

1962 A. Nisbett Technique Sound Studio iv. 87 ‘Acetates’ are particularly fragile, and under heavy playing weights the groove rapidly breaks up.

1975 Gramophone Dec. 1001/3 The Halcyon has twenty-one tracks, from privately-made acetates.

1989 Sound Choice Autumn 15/2 Did you know that before tapes were invented people would buy blank records and record on them using special recording machines? I have a large collection of these records, commonly known as ‘acetates’.

2001 Billboard (Nexis) 31 Mar. DJs..request dub plates for playing pre-release tracks at a club. If they are happy with the sonic qualities of the reference acetate, they order a pressing.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

单词	acetate
释义	acetaten. Brit. /ˈasᵻteɪt/, U.S. /ˈæsəˌteɪt/ Forms: 1700s– acetate, 1700s–1800s acetat. Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymon: French acétate. Etymology: < French acétate (1787 in the source translated in quot. 1788) < acét- (in acétique acetic adj.) + -ate -ate suffix¹. Compare German Essigsalz , literally ‘vinegar salt’ (1785 or earlier). Compare earlier acetated adj. and acetation n. Compare also acetic acid n. and acetite n. 1. a. Chemistry. A salt or ester, or the anion, of acetic acid.The acetate anion is CH₃COO⁻. amyl, cellulose, copper, ethyl, polyvinyl acetate, etc.: see the first element. ΚΠ 1788 J. St. John tr. L. B. Guyton de Morveau et al. Method Chym. Nomencl. 181 Acetite of potash signifies the common foliated earth, and acetate of potash, the combination of potash with radical vinegar. 1800 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 90 221 Acetate of mercury precipitated by oxalic acid, although a true oxalate is formed, has no kind of inflammability. 1866 H. E. Roscoe Lessons Elem. Chem. ix. 82 Marsh gas may..be artificially prepared by heating sodium acetate..with caustic soda. 1872 A. W. Williamson Chem. for Students §278 The metallic acetates are, for the most part, very soluble in water. 1919 Jrnl. Industr. & Engin. Chem. 11 1133/1 Upon..treating the product with alcoholic lead acetate, no lead sulphide is formed. 1967 W. R. Butt Hormone Chem. xi. 235 It has been established that acetate is the primary carbon source of cholesterol. 1977 J. March Adv. Org. Chem. (ed. 2) xv. 750 Olefins can also be oxidized with metallic acetates such as lead tetraacetate or thallium acetate to give bisacetates of glycols. 2004 Guardian 22 May (Chemical World Suppl.) 16/3 Ethylene glycol monobutyl acetate, a common solvent in cleaning fluids, has been widely found to irritate eyes, nose and throat. b. Photography. A toning solution containing an acetate, esp. sodium acetate. Chiefly attributive. ΘΚΠ society > leisure > the arts > visual arts > photography > chemicals > [noun] > toner sulphocyanide1841 acetate1863 toner1920 1863 C. J. Hughes Princ. & Pract. Photogr. (ed. 5) iii. 151 The care required is so much more than with the acetate bath. 1878 W. de W. Abney Photogr. 143 The acetate toning solution. 1887 W. K. Burton Pract. Guide Photogr. & Photo-mech. Printing xiii. 96 The ‘acetate’ toning bath, is perhaps, in spite of various drawbacks, the most popular bath at this day. 1942 Photogr. Jrnl. 82 16/2 Excluding acetate is a serious drawback. 2000 M. Robinson in J. Barnier Coming into Focus v. 52 What you will need... Sodium acetate (for optional acetate toner). 2. a. Cellulose acetate in the form of a clear plastic film, used in photography, in graphic design, as a display medium, etc. Frequently attributive. Also as a count noun: a sheet of such film, an overhead transparency. ΘΚΠ society > occupation and work > materials > derived or manufactured material > synthetic resins and plastics > [noun] > cellulose materials cellulose1876 soda cellulose1890 cellulose acetate1895 acetate1911 Cellon1911 cellophane1912 cellulosic1946 1911 Jrnl. Industr. & Engin. Chem. 3 871/2 We are still filling occasional orders for the acetate film and are prepared to manufacture on a large scale. 1934 Plastic Products Feb. 58 (heading) Applications of ‘Acetate’. A review of typical uses of this molding material. 1946 R. Ingersoll Top Secret i. ii. 20 First we would put the plan up on the maps, sketching it in little red and blue symbols drawn with grease pencils on sheets of acetate tacked flat against the maps themselves. 1974 J. Craig Production for Graphic Designer 172/1 The copy for each additional color is pasted on acetate overlays, each one representing a color. 1975 Lang. for Life (Dept. Educ. & Sci.) xxii. 319 Letters and words can be written on transparent acetates and then cut out. 1989 Brit. Jrnl. Orthodontics 16 281/2 The lateral skull radiographs taken at the different magnifications are traced as usual on acetate sheets. 2000 Church Times 7 Apr. 4/2 Forty-two per cent printed acetates for use on overhead projectors during services. b. Cellulose acetate in the form of an artificial fibre, used to make textiles. Frequently attributive, as acetate rayon, acetate silk, etc. ΘΚΠ the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > man-made textiles > [noun] > synthetic > acetate acetate1914 1914 Textile Amer. Oct. 43/1 For the latter purpose acetate silks are now principally used. 1926 A. L. Wykes Working Viscose Silk 34 Acetate rayons burn more slowly than other rayons. 1932 A. Huxley Brave New World iii. 58 Her jacket was made of bottle-green acetate cloth. 1952 Good Housek. (U.S. ed.) Dec. 219/1 (advt.) Celanese acetate jersey with ‘jeweled’ belt. 1964 Which? Aug. 252/2 Acetate, made from cellulose by chemical treatment of wood-pulp or cotton linters... Used for a wide range of woven fabrics such as satins, taffetas, brocades and moirés for dress and furnishing. 1988 M. Bishop Unicorn Mountain (1989) xxi. 253 He untied the acetate bandanna and stuck it into a pocket of his borrowed jeans. 1992 Canad. Living Dec. 38 (caption) Jacket, satin halter vest..and crêpe palazzo pants with elasticized waist..all of acetate rayon. 2003 Handwoven Jan.–Feb. 33/1 Acetate doesn't absorb water, and as a result created a search for dye methods that led to the discovery of disperse dyes. 3. Sound Recording. A disc made of glass, aluminium, or other material, coated with cellulose nitrate (formerly cellulose acetate), on which a recording is made by a cutting stylus (as opposed to a pressing).In early use, artists were often recorded directly on such discs, which then served as master copies. From the 1950s magnetic tape was increasingly used for sound recording, causing a change in the role of acetates. They are now produced from tape recordings and serve as test discs, used to check sound quality. ΘΚΠ society > communication > record > recording or reproducing sound or visual material > sound recording and reproduction > a sound recording > [noun] > record or disc > type of record pre-release1871 record album1904 re-release1907 ten-inch1908 twelve-incher1909 demonstration record1911 pressing1912 swinger1924 repressing1927 transcription1931 long-player1932 rush release1935 pop record1937 album1945 demonstration disc1947 pop disc1947 pop single1947 long-play1948 picture disc1948 781949 single1949 forty-five1950 demo disc1952 EP1952 shellac1954 top of the pops1956 gold disc1957 acetate1962 platinum disc1964 chartbuster1965 miss1965 cover1966 reissue1966 pirate label1968 rock record1968 thirty-three (and a third)1968 sampler1969 white-label1970 double album1971 dubplate1976 seven-inch1977 mini-album1980 joint1991 1940 How to make Good Recording (Audio Devices, Inc.) 9 ‘Acetate’ recording discs have..made possible high-fidelity recording with simple and inexpensive equipment. 1962 A. Nisbett Technique Sound Studio iv. 87 ‘Acetates’ are particularly fragile, and under heavy playing weights the groove rapidly breaks up. 1975 Gramophone Dec. 1001/3 The Halcyon has twenty-one tracks, from privately-made acetates. 1989 Sound Choice Autumn 15/2 Did you know that before tapes were invented people would buy blank records and record on them using special recording machines? I have a large collection of these records, commonly known as ‘acetates’. 2001 Billboard (Nexis) 31 Mar. DJs..request dub plates for playing pre-release tracks at a club. If they are happy with the sonic qualities of the reference acetate, they order a pressing. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, September 2009; most recently modified version published online December 2021). < n.1788
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