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单词 bluet
释义

bluetn.

Brit. /ˈbluːɪt/, U.S. /ˈbluᵻt/
Forms: late Middle English blewet, 1600s– bluet, 1800s– bluett.
Origin: A borrowing from French. Etymons: French bleuet; French bluet.
Etymology: Partly (in sense 1a) < Middle French bleuet cornflower, corn bluebottle (1404) < bleu blue adj. + -et -et suffix1, with remodelling after blue adj. and -et suffix1; and partly (in sense 2) < Anglo-Norman bluet, bluete, bluette blue cloth (13th cent.) < blu , bleu blue adj. + -et , -ete , -ette -et suffix1, -ette suffix. With sense 2 compare also post-classical Latin bluetus, bluettus blue cloth, blue colour (usually of cloth) (frequently from early 13th cent. in British sources).It is unclear whether the word existed in sense 2 in Middle English; examples such as the following, showing a vernacular word in a Latin context, could show a Middle English word, or could simply show the Anglo-Norman word:1203 in F. W. Maitland Select Pleas Crown (1888) I. 46 Jurdanus appellat Hugonem de Witingham quod fuit in eadem vi ad robandum..et de suo proprio [robavit] j. marcam et j. capam de bluet.1300–1 in A. H. Thomas Cal. Early Mayor's Court Rolls (1924) 108 [One mantle of] bluett [furred with] bisses.1366 in R. R. Sharpe Cal. Wills Court of Husting (1890) II. 93 Goune [of] bluet [with fur of] ottere.1437 in S. Tymms Wills & Inventories Bury St. Edmunds (1850) 10 Item lego Gilberto Skut xx s. et togam meam de bluett furr'. The forms bluwed , blowet , bloweth , blowed , blawede , blewort occurring as English glosses in Latin and Anglo-Norman manuscripts of the thirteenth, fourteenth, and early fifteenth centuries, and apparently denoting either the hyacinth or the cornflower, are very unlikely to show any connection with this word; they probably show compounds of blue adj. or blae adj. with weed n.1 or wort n.1 (i.e. blue weed, blae weed, or blue wort). Compare:c1275 Glosses to Doctrinale of Alexander de Villa Dei (Arundel 394) in T. Hunt Teaching & Learning Lat. in 13th-cent. Eng. (1991) II. 16 Jacinctus : blowet [c1300 Trin. Dublin 270 fuit quidam puer et fuit mutatus in florem, anglice bluwed].a1325 Gloss. W. de Bibbesworth (Cambr.) (1929) 339 Le blaverole [glossed] bloweth [a1400 Paris blowed, c1400 Harl. 490 blawede; a1425 All Souls blewort].
1. Frequently in plural with singular agreement.
a. The annual cornflower, Centaurea cyanus. Also: (more fully mountain bluet) the perennial cornflower, C. montana, of southern Europe.
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the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular cultivated or ornamental plants > particular flower or plant esteemed for flower > [noun] > composite flowers > corn-flower
bluebottle?a1450
bluet?a1450
blue poppya1500
hawdod?1523
blue-blaw1538
cornflower1578
blue bonnet1777
blue cap1821
French pink1854
?a1450 J. Arderne in 17th Internat. Congr. Med. (1914) xxiii. 109 (MED) In fraunce they callene herbes these names..Blewet idem est.
1725 R. Bradley Chomel's Dictionaire Œconomique Blue-Bottle, or Bluet, a Plant of which the small ones have blue Flowers, made use of by Children to make Crowns or Chaplets of: it grows amongst Wheat and other Corn.
1841 J. W. Loudon Ladies' Compan. to Flower Garden 30/1 Bluets.—See Centaurea.
1884 R. Folkard Plant Lore, Legends & Lyrics 278 The Centaury is known as the Hurt-sickle, because it turns the edges of the reapers' sickles: its other familiar names are Bluebottle, Blue-blow, Bluet, and Corn-flower.
1919 Addisonia 4 57 Centaurea Montana... Mountain Bluet... Native of Europe.
1950 S. L. Emsweller Growing Ann. Flowering Plants (rev. ed.) 10 Cornflower is also known as bachelor's-button, bluebottle, ragged sailor, kaiserblume, and sometimes, erroneously, as ‘ragged-robin’ and ‘bluet’.
2012 K. D. Norris Guide Bearded Irises xi. 318 The reds of lupines and Oriental poppies..or the blues of mountain bluets (Centaurea montana) and bluestars.
b. Chiefly Canadian. Any of several blueberry plants (genus Vaccinium); esp. the sparkleberry, V. arboreum. Also: the berry of these plants, a blueberry.
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the world > food and drink > food > fruit and vegetables > fruit or a fruit > berry > [noun] > other berries
hedge-berry1607
elderberry1625
ramble-berry1658
cloudberry1743
Indian pear1796
bluet1812
squawberry1829
pigface1830
wax-berry1835
quandong1836
strawberry guava1901
bead-berry1923
squash-berry1935
the world > plants > particular plants > cultivated or valued plants > particular food plant or plant product > particular types of fruit > [noun] > edible berries > other berries
blueberry1594
hedge-berry1607
elderberry1625
huckleberry1670
bearberry1677
cloudberry1743
baked apple1750
pembina1760
service1785
honeyberry1787
nub-berry1794
bluet1812
noop1817
squawberry1829
quandong1836
miro1838
strawberry guava1901
squash-berry1935
tayberry1977
tummelberry1984
1761 tr. P. de Charlevoix Jrnl. Voy. N.-Amer. I. 249 The Bluet grows here as in Europe in woods. This fruit is a sovereign and speedy cure for the dysentery.]
1812 J. Pinkerton Gen. Coll. Voy. & Trav. XIII. 361 The bluets are certain little berries not unlike small cherries, only they are black, and perfectly round.
1892 Jrnl. Amer. Folklore 5 99 Vaccinium (any species under sub-genus Cyanococcus), bluets. N. B., among French Canadians.
1911 J. M. Nickell Bot. Ready Ref. 139 Vaccinium Frondosum. Blue Whortleberry. Whortleberry. Blueberry. Blue Tangle. Bluets.
2003 Washington Times (Nexis) 13 Sept. d1 August is wild blueberry season in Quebec. Countless roadside stands advertise blueberries for sale, or simply bluets.
c. Any of various delicate low-growing plants constituting the North American genus Houstonia (family Rubiaceae); esp. H. caerulea, which has milky-blue flowers.
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the world > plants > particular plants > plants and herbs > according to family > Rubiaceae or Galiaceae (bedstraw, etc.) > [noun]
wild madderc1450
crudwort15..
Our Lady bedstraw1527
Our Lady's bedstraw1543
galion1548
maidenhair1548
purple goose-grass1548
cheese renning1578
crosswort1578
golden mugget1578
petty mugget1578
lady's bedstraw1585
maid's hair1597
cheese rennet1599
runnet1678
field madder1684
mugweed1690
rondeletia1739
Richardia1755
petty madder1760
madderlen1770
galium1785
Sherardia1785
joint-grass1790
mugwort1796
bluet1818
bedstraw1820
madderwort1845
hundredfold1853
honeywort1863
1818 W. P. C. Barton Compendium Floræ Philadelphicæ I. 84 Sky-Blue Houstonia. Bluetts. Innocence. This beautiful little species, is one of our earliest blooming spring flowers, and is universally known.
1863 Rep. Comm. Agric. 1862 (U.S. Dept. Agric.) 159 The ‘Bluets’, ‘Innocence’, ‘Dwarf Pink’, with, perhaps, some other common name, is one of the prettiest ornaments of our spring meadows.
1918 House & Garden Sept. 37/1 The grass is powdered with drifts of bluets.
1996 H. P. Loewer Thoreau's Garden 125 The true or common bluet, Houstonia caerulea, grows in tufts, with leafy stems, each tipped with one flower.
2012 M. A. Homoya Wildflowers & Ferns Indiana Forests 177 The mountain bluets is the largest of these species.
2. A kind of blue woollen cloth. historical.
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the world > textiles and clothing > textiles > textile fabric or an article of textile fabric > textile fabric > textile fabric made from specific material > made from wool > [noun] > of specific colour > blue
pilot cloth1828
bluet1866
1866 J. E. T. Rogers Hist. Agric. & Prices I. xxii. 575 Bluett is quoted by the yard, and by the pannus or piece.
1899 W. P. Dodge Piers Gaveston iii. 28 For the Feast of the Assumption, cloth of bluet and of rayed (ie, striped) scarlet was bought for the robes of the Prince and Sir John de Bretagne.
1999 C. M. Woolgar Great Househ. in Late Medieval Eng. viii. 173 Bogo de Clare's esquires were bought three cloths of scarlet ray and three of yellow cloth... Bogo himself had bluet.
3. North American. Any of numerous, typically blue, damselflies constituting the chiefly American genus Enallagma and the chiefly Eurasian genus Coenagrion.
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1929 J. G. Needham & H. B. Heywood Handbk. Dragonflies N. Amer. 327 Enallagma laterale... A very rare bluet.
1979 J. A. Powell & C. L. Hogue Calif. Insects 45 Bluets. Enallagma. These are the common bright blue and black damselflies.
2003 T. Manolis Dragonflies & Damselflies of Calif. 63 Only three of the 43 species of Eurasian bluets are found in North America, one of these reaching California.
This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2013; most recently modified version published online December 2021).
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