streamlinen.

Forms: Also stream-line.

1. Hydrodynamics and Aerodynamics.

a. (See quot. 1906.) In modern use, a line such that, at any instant, the direction of the tangent at any point is the direction of the flow of fluid at that point. (This definition is equivalent to that in quot. 1906 for the special case of steady flow.)

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > liquid > liquid flow > action or process of flowing > [noun] > action or process of flowing > with or in same direction

streamline1868

the world > matter > physics > mechanics > dynamics > fluid dynamics > [noun] > path of particle when motion is steady

streamline1868

1868 W. J. Rankine in Engineer 16 Oct. 285/1 A stream-line is the line, whether straight or curved, that is traced by a particle in a current of fluid.

1873 J. C. Maxwell Treat. Electr. & Magnetism II. 260 If ϕ is constant for any curve, there is no current across it. Such a curve is called a Current-line or a Stream-line.

1882 G. M. Minchin Uniplanar Kinematics 151 When the motion becomes steady, each line of flow becomes the actual path of a fluid particle, which is called a stream-line.

1906 H. Lamb Hydrodynamics (ed. 3) 17 A ‘line of motion’ or ‘stream-line’ is defined to be a line drawn from point to point, so that its direction is everywhere that of the motion of the fluid. [Note] Some writers prefer to restrict the use of the term ‘stream-line’ to the case of steady motion.

1945 R. von Mises Theory of Flight ii. 23 In the case of an unsteady flow the streamlines, i.e., the curves whose tangents have the velocity direction are, in general, not the pathways of the particles.

1971 G. M. Hidy Waves iv. 47 Streamlines generally bear no relation to particle paths because different fluid elements form different streamlines at given times.

1980 Bober & Kenyon Fluid Mech. iv. 124 If the flow is steady then a fluid particle will move along a streamline.

b. attributive.

(a) Designating motion of a fluid that is free from turbulence, so that it can be represented by a pattern of streamlines that either is constant or changes steadily with time.

ΚΠ

1898 Hele-Shaw in Rep. Brit. Assoc. 136 Stream-line Motion of a Viscous Film.

1907 F. W. Lanchester Aerodynamics 28 In order that streamline motion should be possible such motion must be a stable state.

1907 F. W. Lanchester Aerodynamics 38 Streamline flow general.

1957 G. E. Hutchinson Treat. Limnol. I. v. 251 The only simple way of observing regular streamline or laminar flow is adjacent to some smooth surface over which a slow current is passing.

1979 A. L. Lydersen Fluid Flow & Heat Transfer i. 2 This type of motion, where the velocity at a certain point is constant and independent of time, is termed laminar flow. It is sometimes called streamline flow or viscous flow.

(b) Having or being a shape such that the flow of a fluid round it is smooth, and there is no separation of streamlines from the surface; more widely, shaped so as to reduce air or water resistance; streamline wire, a wire of elongated cross-section.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > flatness or levelness > smoothness > [adjective] > having smooth contours

clean1680

unangular1757

clean-cut1842

streamline1907

streamlined1934

the world > space > shape > flatness or levelness > smoothness > [adjective] > having smooth contours > streamlined

streamline1907

streamlined1913

society > travel > air or space travel > a means of conveyance through the air > aeroplane > parts of aircraft > [noun] > wires for structural support > types of wire

streamline1907

rafwire1918

1907 F. W. Lanchester Aerodynamics 11 The fluid in the vicinity of a streamline body is of necessity in a state of motion and contains energy.

1907 F. W. Lanchester Aerodynamics i. 20 In an actual fluid, bodies of other than streamline form experience resistance apart from that directly due to viscosity.

1909 C. C. Turner Aerial Navigation viii. 131 Bodies having ‘streamline’ form present the least resistance to the air. Pure streamline form is, roughly speaking, pear-shaped, the blunt end foremost.

1914 Automobile Topics 30 May (advt.) (back cover) That beautiful stream-line Car.

1918 W. L. Cowley Aeronautics iv. 93 The following table gives the resistance coefficients of aeroplane stream line wires, of fineness ratio 3:1.

1919 G. Whale Brit. Airships 160 The remaining two engines are carried in a small streamline car situated amidships.

1928 E. Cadbury in C. F. S. Gamble Story North Sea Air Station xxii. 408 I..seized a scarf, goggles and helmet, tore off my streamline coat, and semi-clothed..took a running jump into the pilot's seat.

1929 Jrnl. Royal Aeronaut. Soc. 33 360 In aeronautical nomenclature a ‘streamline body’ is one about which the flow of a real fluid..approximates very closely to a steady flow of the hypothetical inviscid fluid, except in a very thin layer called the ‘boundary layer’, surrounding the exposed surfaces.

1929 Jrnl. Royal Aeronaut. Soc. 33 361 The ideally streamline aeroplane cannot exist.

1936 J. C. Corlett Rigging & Airframes v. 108 On the final inspection of streamline wires they must be checked for ‘safety’.

1953 M. Rauscher Introd. Aeronaut. Dynamics vi. 259 The theory of the ideal fluid comes very close to representing the actual flow conditions about a streamline body in a fluid of low viscosity.

ΚΠ

1933 S. Spender Poems 44 Where only a low streamline brightness Of phosphorus on the tossing hills is white.

1942 R.A.F. Jrnl. 2 May 21 The camp is the last word in streamline modernity.

1967 B. J. Banfill Pioneer Nurse xi. 129 Snow, in long streamline drifts, covered the now familiar objects.

c. Used predicatively as adj. in preceding senses.

ΘΚΠ

the world > matter > liquid > water > [adjective] > properties or characteristics of water > still, calm, smooth, or without current

stillOE

deada1000

lithec1275

smoothc1374

unruffled1710

unrippled1775

streamless1863

streamline1907

1907 F. W. Lanchester Aerodynamics i. 27 If..we assume continuity as hypothesis, then all bodies must be streamline.

1922 Daily Mail 3 Nov. 2 The body of the car is streamline according to British practice.

1929 Jrnl. Royal Aeronaut. Soc. 33 366 The b.h.p. required..should not be seriously influenced by interference, provided that the interference does not cause the flow to cease being streamline.

1936 B. Jones Elem. Pract. Aerodynam. vii. 115 Wherever possible the airplane parts that would cause parasite drag are made streamline in shape.

1971 J. W. Ireland Mech. of Fluids viii. 234 Oil of specific gravity 0·9 and viscosity 1 poise is pumped through a 5 cm diameter pipe at the rate of 280 litres/min. Show that the flow is streamline.

d. A contour of a body that is coincident with a streamline of flow round it; loosely, a smooth, flowing outline.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > flatness or levelness > smoothness > [noun] > smooth contour

sweep1785

streamline1917

1917 D. W. Thompson On Growth & Form xvi. 673 The naval architect learns a great part of his lesson from the investigation of the stream-lines of a fish; and the mathematical study of the stream-lines of a bird..has helped to lay the very foundations of the modern science of aeronautics.

1936 B. Jones Elem. Pract. Aerodynam. vii. 117 Any non-streamlined body can have its resistance or drag greatly reduced merely by the addition of a blunt nose and a tapered tail. If the contour is also a continuous curve the shape approaches the ideal streamline.

1943 A. Koestler Arrival & Departure ii. 41 He was able to re-draw in his mind the curve of Odette's knees.., the streamlines of her jumper.

1944 W. Fortescue Mountain Madness xxiv. 162 If my curls were grey, at least I had kept my stream-line.

2. (See quot. 1885.)

1885 P. G. Tait Properties of Matter iv. §83. 70 The line of steepest slope at any point of a surface is represented on the map by the shortest line which can be drawn to the nearest contour line. Thus it cuts the contour lines at right angles, and is the path along which a drop of water would trickle down. It is therefore called a Stream-line.

Compounds

stream-line sail n. (see quot. 1920).

1920 Glasgow Herald 16 July 7 The ‘stream line sail’..is a stream-line strip of canvas, a lacing device extending from the boom to the gaff along the mast, and calculated to prevent a vacuum or back wind by plugging up the open space of six inches or so that always extends beneath the mainsail and the mast from top to bottom. It makes practically a solid sail from the mast to the outer edge, and..the result aimed at..is..the decreasing of the wind resistance.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1919; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

streamlinev.

Forms: Also stream-line.

Etymology: < streamline n.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈstreamline.

1. transitive. To give a streamline form to. Chiefly as streamlined adj., streamlining n.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > air or space travel > a means of conveyance through the air > construction and servicing aircraft or spacecraft > construct and service aircraft or spacecraft [verb (transitive)] > make streamlined

streamline1918

clean1922

fair1934

laminarize1961

the world > space > shape > flatness or levelness > smoothness > make smooth [verb (transitive)] > give smooth contours to > give streamline form to

streamline1918

1918 H. Barber Aeroplane Speaks (ed. 6) i. 61 From the designer's point of view it always pays to stream-line detrimental surface.

1927 J. B. S. Haldane & J. S. Huxley Animal Biol. xiii. 316 The air-sacs..are used to stream-line the body.

1927 Daily Tel. 27 Sept. 9/5 It appears that Flight-Lieut. Kinkead came down because the spinner, a metal fitting streamlining the propeller boss, came off.

2. figurative.

a. To slim; to remodel on smooth, uncluttered lines. Also absol.

ΘΚΠ

the world > space > shape > flatness or levelness > smoothness > make smooth [verb (transitive)] > give smooth contours to

streamline1935

1935 P. B. Hawk (title) Streamline for health.

1937 Denver Post 27 Jan. (Mag. section) 9 (heading) Streamline your dance frock.

b. To simplify, esp. in order to make more efficient or better organized.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > wholeness > state or quality of being simple, unmixed, or uncompounded > make simple [verb (transitive)] > specific

streamline1936

1936 Sun (Baltimore) 2 Nov. 13/5 Those who watch financial fashion observe a tendency to streamline capital set-ups for tax purposes.

1947 Hansard Commons 2 Dec. (Written Answers) 46 I am anxious to do all I can to streamline controls.

1950 A. Huxley Let. 16 Mar. (1969) 620 Chapters might be ‘streamlined’.

1957 New Yorker 26 Oct. 60/2 The producers got panicky and decided to ‘streamline’ the production, stressing professional finish.

1958 Post Office Mag. Apr. 117/2 The Ministry are co-operating with us all..on streamlining general building methods.

1974 Whitaker's Almanack 812/1 Through its advisory services, it helps its member governments to..streamline health services.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1986; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

单词	streamline
释义	streamlinen. Forms: Also stream-line. 1. Hydrodynamics and Aerodynamics. a. (See quot. 1906.) In modern use, a line such that, at any instant, the direction of the tangent at any point is the direction of the flow of fluid at that point. (This definition is equivalent to that in quot. 1906 for the special case of steady flow.) ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > liquid flow > action or process of flowing > [noun] > action or process of flowing > with or in same direction streamline1868 the world > matter > physics > mechanics > dynamics > fluid dynamics > [noun] > path of particle when motion is steady streamline1868 1868 W. J. Rankine in Engineer 16 Oct. 285/1 A stream-line is the line, whether straight or curved, that is traced by a particle in a current of fluid. 1873 J. C. Maxwell Treat. Electr. & Magnetism II. 260 If ϕ is constant for any curve, there is no current across it. Such a curve is called a Current-line or a Stream-line. 1882 G. M. Minchin Uniplanar Kinematics 151 When the motion becomes steady, each line of flow becomes the actual path of a fluid particle, which is called a stream-line. 1906 H. Lamb Hydrodynamics (ed. 3) 17 A ‘line of motion’ or ‘stream-line’ is defined to be a line drawn from point to point, so that its direction is everywhere that of the motion of the fluid. [Note] Some writers prefer to restrict the use of the term ‘stream-line’ to the case of steady motion. 1945 R. von Mises Theory of Flight ii. 23 In the case of an unsteady flow the streamlines, i.e., the curves whose tangents have the velocity direction are, in general, not the pathways of the particles. 1971 G. M. Hidy Waves iv. 47 Streamlines generally bear no relation to particle paths because different fluid elements form different streamlines at given times. 1980 Bober & Kenyon Fluid Mech. iv. 124 If the flow is steady then a fluid particle will move along a streamline. b. attributive. (a) Designating motion of a fluid that is free from turbulence, so that it can be represented by a pattern of streamlines that either is constant or changes steadily with time. ΚΠ 1898 Hele-Shaw in Rep. Brit. Assoc. 136 Stream-line Motion of a Viscous Film. 1907 F. W. Lanchester Aerodynamics 28 In order that streamline motion should be possible such motion must be a stable state. 1907 F. W. Lanchester Aerodynamics 38 Streamline flow general. 1957 G. E. Hutchinson Treat. Limnol. I. v. 251 The only simple way of observing regular streamline or laminar flow is adjacent to some smooth surface over which a slow current is passing. 1979 A. L. Lydersen Fluid Flow & Heat Transfer i. 2 This type of motion, where the velocity at a certain point is constant and independent of time, is termed laminar flow. It is sometimes called streamline flow or viscous flow. (b) Having or being a shape such that the flow of a fluid round it is smooth, and there is no separation of streamlines from the surface; more widely, shaped so as to reduce air or water resistance; streamline wire, a wire of elongated cross-section. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > flatness or levelness > smoothness > [adjective] > having smooth contours clean1680 unangular1757 clean-cut1842 streamline1907 streamlined1934 the world > space > shape > flatness or levelness > smoothness > [adjective] > having smooth contours > streamlined streamline1907 streamlined1913 society > travel > air or space travel > a means of conveyance through the air > aeroplane > parts of aircraft > [noun] > wires for structural support > types of wire streamline1907 rafwire1918 1907 F. W. Lanchester Aerodynamics 11 The fluid in the vicinity of a streamline body is of necessity in a state of motion and contains energy. 1907 F. W. Lanchester Aerodynamics i. 20 In an actual fluid, bodies of other than streamline form experience resistance apart from that directly due to viscosity. 1909 C. C. Turner Aerial Navigation viii. 131 Bodies having ‘streamline’ form present the least resistance to the air. Pure streamline form is, roughly speaking, pear-shaped, the blunt end foremost. 1914 Automobile Topics 30 May (advt.) (back cover) That beautiful stream-line Car. 1918 W. L. Cowley Aeronautics iv. 93 The following table gives the resistance coefficients of aeroplane stream line wires, of fineness ratio 3:1. 1919 G. Whale Brit. Airships 160 The remaining two engines are carried in a small streamline car situated amidships. 1928 E. Cadbury in C. F. S. Gamble Story North Sea Air Station xxii. 408 I..seized a scarf, goggles and helmet, tore off my streamline coat, and semi-clothed..took a running jump into the pilot's seat. 1929 Jrnl. Royal Aeronaut. Soc. 33 360 In aeronautical nomenclature a ‘streamline body’ is one about which the flow of a real fluid..approximates very closely to a steady flow of the hypothetical inviscid fluid, except in a very thin layer called the ‘boundary layer’, surrounding the exposed surfaces. 1929 Jrnl. Royal Aeronaut. Soc. 33 361 The ideally streamline aeroplane cannot exist. 1936 J. C. Corlett Rigging & Airframes v. 108 On the final inspection of streamline wires they must be checked for ‘safety’. 1953 M. Rauscher Introd. Aeronaut. Dynamics vi. 259 The theory of the ideal fluid comes very close to representing the actual flow conditions about a streamline body in a fluid of low viscosity. (c) figurative. ΚΠ 1933 S. Spender Poems 44 Where only a low streamline brightness Of phosphorus on the tossing hills is white. 1942 R.A.F. Jrnl. 2 May 21 The camp is the last word in streamline modernity. 1967 B. J. Banfill Pioneer Nurse xi. 129 Snow, in long streamline drifts, covered the now familiar objects. c. Used predicatively as adj. in preceding senses. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > liquid > water > [adjective] > properties or characteristics of water > still, calm, smooth, or without current stillOE deada1000 lithec1275 smoothc1374 unruffled1710 unrippled1775 streamless1863 streamline1907 1907 F. W. Lanchester Aerodynamics i. 27 If..we assume continuity as hypothesis, then all bodies must be streamline. 1922 Daily Mail 3 Nov. 2 The body of the car is streamline according to British practice. 1929 Jrnl. Royal Aeronaut. Soc. 33 366 The b.h.p. required..should not be seriously influenced by interference, provided that the interference does not cause the flow to cease being streamline. 1936 B. Jones Elem. Pract. Aerodynam. vii. 115 Wherever possible the airplane parts that would cause parasite drag are made streamline in shape. 1971 J. W. Ireland Mech. of Fluids viii. 234 Oil of specific gravity 0·9 and viscosity 1 poise is pumped through a 5 cm diameter pipe at the rate of 280 litres/min. Show that the flow is streamline. d. A contour of a body that is coincident with a streamline of flow round it; loosely, a smooth, flowing outline. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > flatness or levelness > smoothness > [noun] > smooth contour sweep1785 streamline1917 1917 D. W. Thompson On Growth & Form xvi. 673 The naval architect learns a great part of his lesson from the investigation of the stream-lines of a fish; and the mathematical study of the stream-lines of a bird..has helped to lay the very foundations of the modern science of aeronautics. 1936 B. Jones Elem. Pract. Aerodynam. vii. 117 Any non-streamlined body can have its resistance or drag greatly reduced merely by the addition of a blunt nose and a tapered tail. If the contour is also a continuous curve the shape approaches the ideal streamline. 1943 A. Koestler Arrival & Departure ii. 41 He was able to re-draw in his mind the curve of Odette's knees.., the streamlines of her jumper. 1944 W. Fortescue Mountain Madness xxiv. 162 If my curls were grey, at least I had kept my stream-line. 2. (See quot. 1885.) Π 1885 P. G. Tait Properties of Matter iv. §83. 70 The line of steepest slope at any point of a surface is represented on the map by the shortest line which can be drawn to the nearest contour line. Thus it cuts the contour lines at right angles, and is the path along which a drop of water would trickle down. It is therefore called a Stream-line. Compounds stream-line sail n. (see quot. 1920). Π 1920 Glasgow Herald 16 July 7 The ‘stream line sail’..is a stream-line strip of canvas, a lacing device extending from the boom to the gaff along the mast, and calculated to prevent a vacuum or back wind by plugging up the open space of six inches or so that always extends beneath the mainsail and the mast from top to bottom. It makes practically a solid sail from the mast to the outer edge, and..the result aimed at..is..the decreasing of the wind resistance. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1919; most recently modified version published online June 2021). streamlinev. Forms: Also stream-line. Etymology: < streamline n.Previous versions of the OED give the stress as: ˈstreamline. 1. transitive. To give a streamline form to. Chiefly as streamlined adj., streamlining n. ΘΚΠ society > travel > air or space travel > a means of conveyance through the air > construction and servicing aircraft or spacecraft > construct and service aircraft or spacecraft [verb (transitive)] > make streamlined streamline1918 clean1922 fair1934 laminarize1961 the world > space > shape > flatness or levelness > smoothness > make smooth [verb (transitive)] > give smooth contours to > give streamline form to streamline1918 1918 H. Barber Aeroplane Speaks (ed. 6) i. 61 From the designer's point of view it always pays to stream-line detrimental surface. 1927 J. B. S. Haldane & J. S. Huxley Animal Biol. xiii. 316 The air-sacs..are used to stream-line the body. 1927 Daily Tel. 27 Sept. 9/5 It appears that Flight-Lieut. Kinkead came down because the spinner, a metal fitting streamlining the propeller boss, came off. 2. figurative. a. To slim; to remodel on smooth, uncluttered lines. Also absol. ΘΚΠ the world > space > shape > flatness or levelness > smoothness > make smooth [verb (transitive)] > give smooth contours to streamline1935 1935 P. B. Hawk (title) Streamline for health. 1937 Denver Post 27 Jan. (Mag. section) 9 (heading) Streamline your dance frock. b. To simplify, esp. in order to make more efficient or better organized. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > wholeness > state or quality of being simple, unmixed, or uncompounded > make simple [verb (transitive)] > specific streamline1936 1936 Sun (Baltimore) 2 Nov. 13/5 Those who watch financial fashion observe a tendency to streamline capital set-ups for tax purposes. 1947 Hansard Commons 2 Dec. (Written Answers) 46 I am anxious to do all I can to streamline controls. 1950 A. Huxley Let. 16 Mar. (1969) 620 Chapters might be ‘streamlined’. 1957 New Yorker 26 Oct. 60/2 The producers got panicky and decided to ‘streamline’ the production, stressing professional finish. 1958 Post Office Mag. Apr. 117/2 The Ministry are co-operating with us all..on streamlining general building methods. 1974 Whitaker's Almanack 812/1 Through its advisory services, it helps its member governments to..streamline health services. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1986; most recently modified version published online December 2020). < n.1868v.1918
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