stevenn.¹

/stɛv(ə)n/

Forms: Old English stefn, stæfn, stemn, Middle English steffne ( Ormin), Middle English stefne, stevne, stevone, Middle English stephne, Middle English stevene, Middle English steovene, Middle English–1500s stevyn, (Middle English Scottish stewyn(e, stewin, 1500s Scottish stevyne), Middle English–1500s stevin, (Middle English stevenne, 1500s steeven), 1500s–1600s steaven, 1700s–1800s dialect stevvon, Middle English– steven.

Etymology: Old English stefn, stemn feminine corresponds to Old Frisian stifne, Old Saxon stemna, also stemnia (Middle Low German stemne, stevene), Middle Dutch stemme (modern Dutch stem), Old High German stimna, stimma (Middle High German, modern German stimme), Gothic stibna; not in Old Norse (the Swedish stämma, Danish stemme are probably < Low German). It is uncertain whether the Germanic root is *stem- or *steƀ-.

Obsolete exc. dialect.

a. = voice n. in various applications. In modern dialect use chiefly: A loud voice (cf. 5).

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > command > command or bidding > [noun] > summons or summoning > a summons

stevena900

crya1300

summonsc1300

warninga1400

citationa1640

provoke1842

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > voice or vocal sound > quality of voice > [noun] > power or range of voice > loudness of voice > loud voice

stevena900

Pilate's voicec1390

a900 tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (1890) iv. xxvi. [xxv.] 354 Ond swa swa he cuþre stefne wæs to me sprecende: Wel ðu dest, cwæð he, þæt [etc.].

c1000 Ælfric Genesis xxvii. 22 Witodlice seo stemn ys Iacobes stefn.

a1122 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) ann. 656 Þa stod seo kyning up to foren ealle his ðægna & cwæd luddor stefne Ðancod wurð hit [etc.].

c1175 Lamb. Hom. 45 Þa onswerede him drihten mildere steuene, Aris nu paul aris.

c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 10680. & tær wass herrd an steffne anan.

a1300 Havelok 1275 Þanne she hauede herd the steuene Of þe angel ut of heuene, She was so fele siþes bliþe, Þat [etc.].

c1300 Leg. Gregory (Schulz) 298 Þat child þan bigan to scriche Wiþ steuen, as it were a grome.

a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 355 After ðis dede a steuone cam:— ‘Ðu, nu quor art, adam, adam?’

c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women 2328 Sche cryeth ‘systyr’ with ful loude a steuene.

c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 2008 Bi vch kok þat crue he knwe wel þe steuen.

c1450 Mirk's Festial 302 An so a steven comme and tolde þe Emperour þat [etc.].

c1480 (a1400) St. Margaret 685 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 66 As þe puple herd þis stewine & þe thonir þat hydwis was, þai fel flatlingis on þare face.

1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid iii. iii. 54 And strekand wp my handis towart hevin, Myne orisone I maid with devoit stevin.

?1578 W. Patten Let. Entertainm. Killingwoorth 53 A douty dwarf..With steeuen full stoout amids all the preas, Sayd hail syr king.

1768 A. Ross Fortunate Shepherdess iii. 113 Quo Jean, my steven, sir, is blunted sair, An' singing frae me frighted aff wi' care.

a1801 R. Gall Poems & Songs (1819) 93 Then could her Sangsters loud their steven raise.

1865 W. S. Banks List Provinc. Words Wakefield Thah's a rare stevven, lad.

a1886 G. E. Mackay Love Lett. Violinist (1895) 197 He..lifted up his steven To keep the bulwarks of his faith secure.

†b. with one steven, with one voice, in accord.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > statement > agreement, concurrence, or unanimity > [adverb]

with (also of) one mouthOE

with (also of, at) one accordc1275

common assentc1300

at onec1320

with one stevenc1320

at a voicea1325

at one wordc1325

covinlichec1330

in one (also o) voicea1393

with one (also o, a) voice?a1400

in one vote1546

of all hands1548

perlassent1548

una voce1567

by common consent1574

consentively1578

concordably1579

currently1593

unanimately1599

by or with one assent1611

unanimously1611

unanimely1625

consentingly1660

harmoniously1671

univocally1671

consentaneously1817

concurringly1840

solidly1865

solid1884

c1320 tr. J. Bonaventura Medit. 382 For ȝow we preyd alle with o steuene.

a1450 Le Morte Arth. 2584 All they sayd with one steuen: ‘Lordyngis, how longe wolle ye chyde?’

†c. Voice in petition; cry, petition, prayer. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > request > [noun] > invocation or appeal

bodec1175

stevenc1200

crya1300

askingc1330

prayerc1330

beseeching1340

invocationc1384

billc1386

conjuringa1400

pealc1400

conjurationc1450

adjuration?1473

remonstrance?1473

interpellation1526

contestation1548

address1570

vocation1574

imprecation1585

appellation1587

supplantation1590

advocation1598

application1607

invoking1611

inclamation1613

conjurement1643

bespeaking1661

vocative1747

incalling1850

appeal1859

appealing1876

appealingness1876

rogative1882

cri de cœur1897

c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 43 On diepe wosiðes ich clupe to þe hlouerd, hlouerd her mine stefne.

c1275 Anthem St. Thomas 8 in Old Eng. Misc. 90 Haly thomas..Vre stephne vnderstonde.

13.. K. Alis. 6846 For, byhold, up thy steovene Ys y-herd into the heovene.

a1400 Pistill of Susan 268 Lord, herteliche tak hede, and herkne my steuene So Fre.

a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. ii. 17 God that shope both erth and heuen, I pray to the thou here my steven.

1589 T. Lodge Scillaes Metamorphosis E 2 Father of light..Bring to effect this my desired steauen.

†d. Used for: Right of speaking. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > speech > [noun] > right of speaking

stevenc1175

c1175 Lamb. Hom. 83 Mon hefde uorloren efre stephne bi-uore gode.

†2. Speech, speaking; language, tongue. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > language > a language > [noun]

speechc888

rounOE

ledenc1000

tonguec1000

wordOE

moalc1175

speaka1300

languagec1300

land-speecha1325

talea1325

lip1382

stevenc1386

languea1425

leed1513

public language1521

idiom1575

idiotism1588

lingua1660

lingua franca1697

receptive language1926

c1386 G. Chaucer Squire's Tale 150 Ther is no fowel þat fleeth vnder heuene That she ne shal wel vnderstonde his steuene.

14.. in F. J. Furnivall Polit., Relig., & Love Poems (1903) 245 ‘Superbia’ ys the most prinsipall [sin], ‘pryde pertly’ in englysshe steven.

†3. Fame, report. Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > [noun]

nameeOE

talec1175

fame?c1225

lose1297

creancec1330

stevenc1374

opinionc1384

credencec1390

recorda1393

renowna1400

reputationc1400

reportc1425

regardc1440

esteema1450

noisea1470

reapport1514

estimation1530

savour1535

existimationa1538

countenancea1568

credit1576

standing1579

stair1590

perfumec1595

estimate1597

pass1601

reportage1612

vibration1666

suffrage1667

rep1677

face1834

odour1835

rap1966

c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde iii. 1723 Þat swych a voys was of hym and a steuene Thorugh-out þe world of honour and largesse.

†4. Sound, noise (of singing, music, laughter). Obsolete.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > voice or vocal sound > [noun]

reirdOE

voicec1330

stevenc1369

sound1385

laita1400

lively voice1532

pipe1567

live voice1610

vocalities1667

squall1725

vox1869

Hobson's choice1937

c1369 G. Chaucer Bk. Duchesse 307 Some of hem [birds] songe lowe Some hygh and al of one accorde..Was neuer herde so swete a steuen.

c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 1125 Al songe to loue þat gay Iuelle, Þe steuen moȝt stryke þurȝ þe vrþe to helle.

c1450 (c1400) Sowdon of Babylon (1881) l. 2258 Dame Floripe lough with loude steven.

a1460 Play Sacrament 80 Now mynstrell blow up w^t a mery stevyn.

5. Outcry, noise, tumult, din.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > loudness > confused sound > [noun] > uproar or tumult

brack?c1200

ludea1275

ludingc1275

grede13..

to-doc1330

stevenc1385

ruitc1390

shoutingc1405

rumourc1425

dirdumc1440

shout1487

rippit?1507

glamer?a1513

rangat?a1513

reird?a1513

larumc1515

reirdour1535

uproar1544

clamouring1548

racket1565

baldare1582

rack jack1582

rufflery1582

pother1603

rut1607

clamorousnessa1617

hurricane1639

clutter1656

flaw1676

splutter1677

rout1684

hirdum-dirdum1724

fracas1727

collieshangie1737

racketing1760

hullabaloo1762

hurly1806

bobbery1816

trevally1819

pandemonium1827

hurly-burly1830

outroar1845

on-ding1871

tow-row1877

ruckus1885

molrowing1892

rookus1892

rux1918

c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women 1219 The thundyr rorede with a gresely steuene.

c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 1402 Sturne [MS. sturnen] trumpen strake steuen in halle.

a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 173 Quhat help is thair in..pit obscure, Quhair ȝowlis ar with horrible stevin?

1558 T. Phaer tr. Virgil Seuen First Bks. Eneidos iii. sig. G.j^v And from the skyes the lightning fyers do flashe w^t grisly steauen.

1579 E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. Sept. 224 And had not Roffy renne to the steuen [gloss Noyse], Lowder had be slaine.

a1586 J. Maitland in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xxxvii. 18 As furious fluidis w^t gritter force ay flowis, And starkar stevin, quhene stoppit ar þe stremis.

1625 W. Lisle tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Noe in tr. Part of Du Bartas 25 Before some thunder-steaven For warrant of his act gave oracle from Heaven.

1826 J. Hogg Queen Hynde vi, in Poems (1865) 262 All nature roar'd in one dire steven; Heaven cried to earth, and earth to heaven.

1876 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Words Whitby Your clock strikes with a desperate stevvon.

6. Used by Middleton with obscure application. [Probably by some misunderstanding.]

ΚΠ

1597 T. Middleton Wisdome of Solomon Paraphr. v. sig. G2^v His shield is victories immortall steauen.

1597 T. Middleton Wisdome of Solomon Paraphr. vii. sig. K2 Guilding her selfe with her selfe-changing steau'n.

1597 T. Middleton Wisdome of Solomon Paraphr. xviii. sig. Y3^v And brought thy precept? as a burning steauen, Reaching from heauen to earth, from earth to heauen.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

† stevenn.²

Forms: Old English stefn, Middle English stevene, Middle English stevyn, ( steywyne), 1500s stevin, stewin, Middle English–1500s, 1700s–1800s northern steven. See also stem n.³

Etymology: Old English stefn (masculine) (also stemn stem n.³), cognate with Old Norse stef fixed time, summons, stefna (see steven n.³). The Germanic root appears to be *steƀ-.

Obsolete.

1. A time, turn, vicissitude, occasion. níwan stefne (Old English), afresh, anew. to change (by) stevens (= Latin mutare vices), to take turns.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > particular time > [noun]

sitheeOE

tidec897

timeeOE

mealeOE

whilec950

throwOE

charec1000

stevenOE

timeOE

seasona1300

tempest1382

world1389

occasionc1425

tidement1575

period1602

minute1607

hinta1670

epoch1728

the world > existence and causation > occurrence > [noun] > vicissitude

stevenOE

the world > time > change > alternation > alternate [verb (intransitive)]

to change (by) stevens1398

interchange1483

alternate1700

alternize1804

OE Beowulf 2594 Hyrte hyne hordweard..niwan stefne; nearo ðrowode fyre befongen se ðe ær folce weold.

1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum viii. x. (Tollemache MS.) For as a weþer in lyinge up on on side turneþ and chaungeþ by euen steuines: so þe sonne beynge in..aries makeþ euenesse of day and nyȝte.

1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum xii. Introd. And þey [cranes] ordeyne wacches, and in wakynge chaungen steuines.

1590 Cobler of Caunterburie 50 Mickle could he say at each steuen, Of the liberall Arts seuen.

a. A set or appointed time; a date fixed for a meeting or a payment.In Middle English chiefly in the phrases to set a steven, to appoint a time; at set steven, at the or a fixed time; at unset steven, by chance, unpreparedly; to break one's steven, to fail to keep an appointment.

ΘΚΠ

the world > time > particular time > [noun] > an appointed or fixed time, day, or date

tidea900

stemOE

stevena1225

term?c1225

dayc1300

term dayc1300

stagea1325

hourc1380

setnessa1400

tryst1488

journeyc1500

big day1827

trysting day1842

a1225 Juliana 7 Ant efter lutle stounde wið ute long steuene wes him seolf sonde to Affrican.

c1374 G. Chaucer Compl. Mars 52 That by her bothe assent was set a steuen That Mars shal entre.

1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis II. 30 Wher was ther evere such a knyht, That so..Of Slowthe and of foryetelnesse Agein his trowthe brak his stevene?

c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 2213 Who stiȝtleȝ in þis sted, me steuen to holde?

c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 1060 Þer watȝ stabled bi statut a steuen vs by-twene.

c1405 (c1385) G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 666 For alday meeten men at vnset steuene.

1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur ii. xiv. 92 Yf I slee hym here I shall not scape. And yf I leue hym now perauentur I shalle neuer mete with hym ageyne at suche a steuen.

a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xxviii. 373 Mi dere fader of heuen..From ded to lif, at set stevyn, Rasid me.

1543 in State Papers Henry VIII (1836) V. 287 The Cardinal..will sodenly, ere he be ware, prevent hym, and take hym at such unsett stewin, as he nor all the frendes he hath shall not be able to relief hym.

1545 in State Papers Henry VIII (1849) X. 723 And, as it chaunced, we met even at on steven, before the tent.

1555 W. Waterman tr. Josephus in tr. J. Boemus Fardle of Facions sig. Y.iij That..ye maie haue wholesome remedies, when nede is, and not be driuen to sieke remedie at vnsette steuin.

a1600 Robin Hood & Guy of Gisb. xxvii, in F. J. Child Eng. & Sc. Pop. Ballads (1888) III. v. 93/1 Wee may chance mee[t] with Robin Hoode Att some vnsett steven.

b. A convened assembly.

ΘΚΠ

society > society and the community > social relations > association for a common purpose > meeting or assembling for common purpose > [noun] > a meeting

synagoguea1300

councilc1340

collect1382

convent1382

convocation1387

samingc1400

advocationa1425

meetingc1425

steven1481

congress1528

concion1533

conference1575

collection1609

congression1611

divan1619

rendezvous1628

comitia1631

society1712

majlis1821

get-up1826

agora1886

1481 tr. Cicero De Senectute (Caxton) sig. c5 When I am in my village..I make euery day meetynges, steuyns, and assemblees of my neyghbours.

Compounds

† steven-free n. Obsolete some kind of right enjoyed by certain tenants with regard to the use of the lord's mill; ? exemption from restriction to particular times.

ΘΚΠ

society > law > legal right > rights to do or use something > [noun] > rights to grind or mill

stone-grist1235

steven-free1316

1316 Covenant at Bishop's Castle, Salop (Addit. Chart. 40846) Concessit etiam dictus Rogerus..predicto Philippo..Steuenefreo in dicto molendino suo.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online December 2021).

† stevenn.³

Forms: Old English stefn (?), Middle English stevin, steven(e, Middle English steyvyne, Scottish stewyn.

Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: Norse stefna.

Etymology: Late Old English stefn (plural stefna ) < Old Norse stefna, < stefna to fix a time, summon: see steven v.¹ (sense 3).

Obsolete.

A citation, summons; bidding, command.

ΚΠ

c1100 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (MS. D.) ann. 1052 Geræddon þa þat man sealde gislas betweonan, & setton stefna ut to Lundene, & man bead þa folce [etc.].

a1400 Gosp. Nicod. 162 Þe men þat wight and willy ware said: to þi steuin we stand.

a1400 Isumbras 299 And alle salle bowe hir to fote and hande, And noghte withstande hir stevene.

c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 360 Now Noe neuer stystez [margin ? styntez]..Er al wer stawed & stoken, as þe steuen wolde.

c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 463 [The raven sent out from the ark] Fallez on þe foule flesch..& sone ȝederly for-ȝete ȝister-day steuen.

c1440 York Myst. ix. 6 Thre semely sonnes and a worthy wiffe I haue euer at my steven to stande.

1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) vii. l. 232 Grantyt wes fra god in the gret hewyn; Sa ordand he that law suld be thar stewyn.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

† stevenn.⁴

Forms: 1500s stewin, stewyn, 1500s–1600s steven.

Etymology: Either representing Old English stęfn variant of stęmn stem n.², or < the equivalent Dutch or Low German steven.

Scottish. Obsolete.

= stem n.² 1.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > parts of vessels > body of vessel > fore part of vessel > [noun]

foreshipc1000

stam1336

bilynge?a1400

forestam?a1400

boat-head1485

head1485

prore1489

forecastle1490

steven1512

forepart1526

nose1538

prow1555

stem1555

forebow1569

beak-head1579

galion1604

bow1626

fore-beaka1656

forebudding1811

prora1847

snout1853

forward1892

sharp end1948

1512–13 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1902) IV. 473 Item,.. ane [dracht] fra Newbotill of stewmnys to boittis.

1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid i. i. 65 With bent saill ful, richt merely saland, Thair stewinnis stowrand fast throw the salt fame.

1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid i. iii. 19 The schippis stewyn frawart hir went can writhe.

1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid v. iv. 137 Stevenis.

a1646 D. Wedderburn Vocabula (1685) 22 Prora, the steven of a ship or the fore-castle.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online March 2021).

stevenn.⁵

/ˈstɛv(ə)n/

slang.

Money.

ΘΚΠ

society > trade and finance > money > [noun]

silverc825

feec870

pennieseOE

wortheOE

mintOE

scata1122

spense?c1225

spendinga1290

sumc1300

gooda1325

moneya1325

cattlec1330

muckc1330

reasona1382

pecunyc1400

gilt1497

argentc1500

gelta1529

Mammon1539

ale silver1541

scruff1559

the sinews of war1560

sterling1565

lour1567

will-do-all1583

shell1591

trasha1592

quinyie1596

brass1597

pecuniary1604

dust1607

nomisma1614

countera1616

cross and pilea1625

gingerbreada1625

rhinoa1628

cash1646

grig1657

spanker1663

cole1673

goree1699

mopus1699

quid1699

ribbin1699

bustle1763

necessary1772

stuff1775

needfula1777

iron1785

(the) Spanish1788

pecuniar1793

kelter1807

dibs1812

steven1812

pewter1814

brad1819

pogue1819

rent1823

stumpy1828

posh1830

L. S. D.1835

rivetc1835

tin1836

mint sauce1839

nobbins1846

ochre1846

dingbat1848

dough1848

cheese1850

California1851

mali1851

ducat1853

pay dirt1853

boodle?1856

dinero1856

scad1856

the shiny1856

spondulicks1857

rust1858

soap1860

sugar1862

coin1874

filthy1876

wampum1876

ooftish1877

shekel1883

oil1885

oof1885

mon1888

Jack1890

sploshc1890

bees and honey1892

spending-brass1896

stiff1897

mazuma1900

mazoom1901

cabbage1903

lettuce1903

Oscar Asche1905

jingle1906

doubloons1908

kale1912

scratch1914

green1917

oscar1917

snow1925

poke1926

oodle1930

potatos1931

bread1935

moolah1936

acker1939

moo1941

lolly1943

loot1943

poppy1943

mazoola1944

dosh1953

bickies1966

lovely jubbly1990

scrilla1994

1812 Sporting Mag. 40 131 The steven (meaning money in the language of a fighting ring).

1819 J. H. Vaux New Vocab. Flash Lang. in Memoirs II. 214 Steven, money.

1834 W. H. Ainsworth Rookwood III. iv. ii. 244 It plays the dickens with the steven.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online September 2018).

† stevenv.¹

Etymology: Old English stefnan, stæfnan, < stefn, steven n.² Compare Old Norse stefna.

Obsolete.

1. intransitive. In Old English: To alternate, take turns. Cf. steven n.² 1.

ΚΠ

c725 Corpus Gloss. 126 Alternantium staefnendra.

2. transitive. To appoint, constitute.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > office > appointment to office > appoint a person to an office [verb (transitive)]

setc1000

stevenOE

assign1297

inseta1300

stable1300

ordaina1325

instituec1384

to put ina1387

limitc1405

point?1405

stablish1439

institutec1475

invest1489

assumec1503

to fill the hands of1535

establish1548

settle1548

appoint1557

place1563

assumptc1571

dispose1578

seat1595

state1604

instate1613

to bring ina1616

officea1616

constitute1616

impose1617

ascribe1624

install1647

to set up1685

prick1788

society > authority > command > command or bidding > command [verb (transitive)] > ordain, prescribe, or appoint

asetc885

teachc897

deemc900

ashapea1000

i-demeOE

setc1000

shiftc1000

stevenOE

redeOE

willOE

lookc1175

showc1175

stablea1300

devise1303

terminea1325

shapec1330

stightlea1375

determinec1384

judgea1387

sign1389

assize1393

statute1397

commanda1400

decree1399

yarka1400

writec1405

decreetc1425

rule1447

stallc1460

constitute1481

assignc1485

institute1485

prescribec1487

constitue1489

destinate1490

to lay down1493

make?a1513

call1523

plant1529

allot1532

stint1533

determ1535

appointa1538

destinec1540

prescrive1552

lot1560

fore-appoint1561

nominate1564

to set down1576

refer1590

sort1592

doom1594

fit1600

dictate1606

determinate1636

inordera1641

state1647

fix1660

direct1816

OE Genesis 160 Frea engla heht þurh his word wesan wæter gemæne, þa nu under roderum heora ryne healdað, stowe gestefnde.

a1250 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Nero) (1952) 140 Pepigimus cum morte fedus. & cum inferno pactum iniuimus. þet is. we habbeð trouðe ipluht deaðe & foreward istefned mid helle.

c1440 York Myst. xxiii. 64 Lord God! I loue þe..Þat me, thy poure prophett Hely, Haue steuened me in þis stede to stande.

3. To summon. [After Old Norse stefna.]

ΚΠ

a1122 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) ann. 1048 Þa hi þider ut comon þa stefnede heom man to ge mote.

a1122 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) ann. 1093 And se cing Willelm him steofnode to Gloweceastre.

4. To specify, state.

ΘΚΠ

the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > the quality of being specific > make specific [verb (transitive)] > specify or state precisely

notea1325

specifyc1340

definec1374

assign1377

expressc1400

stevenc1425

condescend1510

particulate1579

particularize1593

particular1605

specialize1616

specificate1649

individualize1655

designate1677

determinate1681

precise1793

precisionize1847

c1425 J. Lydgate Assembly of Gods 824 A crane on hys hede stood, hys crest for to steuyn.

c1440 Pol. Rel. & L. Poems (1903) 143 In Rome Y shall ȝou steuene An honþred kyrkes fowrty and seuen.

5. dialect. (See quots.)

ΘΚΠ

the mind > possession > acquisition > obtain or acquire [verb (transitive)] > obtain or acquire in a certain way > by asking, entreaty, or importunity > by ordering

ordaina1393

speak1508

to speak of ——1600

steven1674

commission1790

tryst1825

order1836

to order up1843

indent1897

1674 J. Ray N. Country Words To Stein or steven; idem [i.e. to bespeak a thing].

1828 W. Carr Dial. Craven (ed. 2) Stevven, to order, to bespeak.

Derivatives

† stevening n. Obsolete appointment.

ΚΠ

a1350 in G. L. Brook Harley Lyrics (1968) 45 Of treuþe nis þe trichour noht, bote he habbe is wille ywroht at steuenyng vmbe stounde.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online September 2021).

stevenv.²

/ˈstɛv(ə)n/

Etymology: < steven n.¹

Now dialect.

1. intransitive. To make an uproar, shout.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > loudness > confused sound > [verb (intransitive)] > uproar or tumult

clamourc1400

rumblec1405

shout1513

racket1617

to keep a (bad, etc.) quarter1632

to raise a dust1649

obstreperate1765

row1797

uproar1834

to raise Cain1840

to raise the mischief1840

to raise (also lift) the roof1845

steven1855

tow-row1877

c1220Stefninge [see stevening n. at Derivatives]. c1440Steuenyng [see stevening n. at Derivatives].

1855 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Yorks. Words 167 To Stevvon, to shout with great strength of voice.

1873 J. Harland Gloss. Words Swaledale Stevin,..to rant.

2. transitive. To deafen with noise.

ΘΚΠ

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > loudness > make a loud sound or noise [verb (transitive)] > deafen or stun

adinc1275

stonyc1330

astone1340

astony1340

deavea1400

fordeave?1553

blasta1616

stun1621

obtund1664

dunt1672

dun1674

bruit1707

astound1727

steven1862

1862 C. C. Robinson Dial. Leeds & Neighbourhood Gloss. s.v. Mak a less o' thee din, wi' tuh! it's fit to stevvon onnybody.

Derivatives

ˈstevening n.

ΘΚΠ

society > authority > command > command or bidding > [noun] > ordinance, prescription, or appointment

besight1258

ordainmenta1325

constitution1393

assignationa1400

signmentc1425

appointmentc1440

steveningc1440

pointingc1449

ordinationc1450

instituting1534

prescription1542

prescribement1563

assignment1597

nomination1597

designation1609

consignation1650

reassignment1650

reassignation1655

consignmenta1668

appunctuation1768

destination1868

allocation1876

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > loudness > [noun] > loud sound or noise

chirma800

dina1000

utas1202

noise?c1225

nurthc1225

dinninga1400

glama1400

glavera1400

reer?a1400

reirdc1400

dunch1440

steveningc1440

rebound1457

bruit?1473

alarm1489

yell1509

gild?a1513

shout?a1513

reveriea1522

routa1522

thundering1560

rumouringc1563

dinrie?1566

rear1567

fray1568

thunder-crack1595

thunder1600

fanfarea1605

fragor1605

clamour1606

thunder-clap1610

obstrepency1623

tonitruation1658

randana1661

clarion1667

leden1674

bluster1724

salvoa1734

ding1750

row1753

tonance1778

dunder1780

chang1788

blare1807

flare1815

detonation1830

trump1848

trumpeting1850

foghorn1875

yammer1932

the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > voice or vocal sound > cry or shout (loudness) > [noun] > crying or shouting

cryc1380

reer?a1400

steveningc1440

vociferation1528

yowling1528

luring1547

holloing1600

bawling1629

vociferating1729

hallalloo1737

yo-yoing1836

vociferance1838

c1220 Bestiary 575 Sipmen here steringe forgeten for hire stefninge.

c1440 York Myst. xxxii. 6 Ȝe stynte of youre steuenyng so stowte.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online December 2020).

† stevenv.³

Forms: Also Middle English stevyn, 1500s stevin.

Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: Norse stefna.

Etymology: < Old Norse stefna, to sail in a certain direction; to aim (at something), < stafn stem of a ship.

Obsolete.

intransitive. To direct one's course.

ΘΚΠ

society > travel > aspects of travel > travel in specific course or direction > direct one's course [verb (intransitive)]

thinkeOE

bowa1000

seta1000

scritheOE

minlOE

turnc1175

to wend one's wayc1225

ettlec1275

hieldc1275

standc1300

to take (the) gatec1330

bear?c1335

applyc1384

aim?a1400

bend1399

hita1400

straighta1400

bounc1400

intendc1425

purposec1425

appliquec1440

stevenc1440

shape1480

make1488

steera1500

course1555

to make out1558

to make in1575

to make for ——a1593

to make forth1594

plyc1595

trend1618

tour1768

to lie up1779

head1817

loop1898

c1440 Alphabet of Tales 302 & furthwith, evyn at he say, þis layser stevend vp vnto hevyn.

a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xxix. 398 When he stevynd vp so sodanly To his Fader in maiesté.

a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xxvi. 354 Nay, Mary, neghe thou not me, For to my Fader, tell I thee, Yit stevynd I noght.

a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xx. 244 That childe..rasyd hymself apon the thryd day, And steuen [d] to heuen.

1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid v. i. 57 This being said, towart the port thai stevin.

This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online June 2021).

n.¹a900

n.²OE

n.³c1100

n.⁴1512

n.⁵1812

v.¹c725

v.²c1220

v.³c1440

单词	steven
释义	stevenn.¹ /stɛv(ə)n/ Forms: Old English stefn, stæfn, stemn, Middle English steffne ( Ormin), Middle English stefne, stevne, stevone, Middle English stephne, Middle English stevene, Middle English steovene, Middle English–1500s stevyn, (Middle English Scottish stewyn(e, stewin, 1500s Scottish stevyne), Middle English–1500s stevin, (Middle English stevenne, 1500s steeven), 1500s–1600s steaven, 1700s–1800s dialect stevvon, Middle English– steven. Etymology: Old English stefn, stemn feminine corresponds to Old Frisian stifne, Old Saxon stemna, also stemnia (Middle Low German stemne, stevene), Middle Dutch stemme (modern Dutch stem), Old High German stimna, stimma (Middle High German, modern German stimme), Gothic stibna; not in Old Norse (the Swedish stämma, Danish stemme are probably < Low German). It is uncertain whether the Germanic root is stem- or steƀ-. Obsolete exc. dialect. 1. a. = voice n. in various applications. In modern dialect use chiefly: A loud voice (cf. 5). ΘΚΠ society > authority > command > command or bidding > [noun] > summons or summoning > a summons stevena900 crya1300 summonsc1300 warninga1400 citationa1640 provoke1842 the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > voice or vocal sound > quality of voice > [noun] > power or range of voice > loudness of voice > loud voice stevena900 Pilate's voicec1390 a900 tr. Bede Eccl. Hist. (1890) iv. xxvi. [xxv.] 354 Ond swa swa he cuþre stefne wæs to me sprecende: Wel ðu dest, cwæð he, þæt [etc.]. c1000 Ælfric Genesis xxvii. 22 Witodlice seo stemn ys Iacobes stefn. a1122 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) ann. 656 Þa stod seo kyning up to foren ealle his ðægna & cwæd luddor stefne Ðancod wurð hit [etc.]. c1175 Lamb. Hom. 45 Þa onswerede him drihten mildere steuene, Aris nu paul aris. c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 10680. & tær wass herrd an steffne anan. a1300 Havelok 1275 Þanne she hauede herd the steuene Of þe angel ut of heuene, She was so fele siþes bliþe, Þat [etc.]. c1300 Leg. Gregory (Schulz) 298 Þat child þan bigan to scriche Wiþ steuen, as it were a grome. a1325 (c1250) Gen. & Exod. (1968) l. 355 After ðis dede a steuone cam:— ‘Ðu, nu quor art, adam, adam?’ c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women 2328 Sche cryeth ‘systyr’ with ful loude a steuene. c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 2008 Bi vch kok þat crue he knwe wel þe steuen. c1450 Mirk's Festial 302 An so a steven comme and tolde þe Emperour þat [etc.]. c1480 (a1400) St. Margaret 685 in W. M. Metcalfe Legends Saints Sc. Dial. (1896) II. 66 As þe puple herd þis stewine & þe thonir þat hydwis was, þai fel flatlingis on þare face. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid iii. iii. 54 And strekand wp my handis towart hevin, Myne orisone I maid with devoit stevin. ?1578 W. Patten Let. Entertainm. Killingwoorth 53 A douty dwarf..With steeuen full stoout amids all the preas, Sayd hail syr king. 1768 A. Ross Fortunate Shepherdess iii. 113 Quo Jean, my steven, sir, is blunted sair, An' singing frae me frighted aff wi' care. a1801 R. Gall Poems & Songs (1819) 93 Then could her Sangsters loud their steven raise. 1865 W. S. Banks List Provinc. Words Wakefield Thah's a rare stevven, lad. a1886 G. E. Mackay Love Lett. Violinist (1895) 197 He..lifted up his steven To keep the bulwarks of his faith secure. †b. with one steven, with one voice, in accord. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > statement > agreement, concurrence, or unanimity > [adverb] with (also of) one mouthOE with (also of, at) one accordc1275 common assentc1300 at onec1320 with one stevenc1320 at a voicea1325 at one wordc1325 covinlichec1330 in one (also o) voicea1393 with one (also o, a) voice?a1400 in one vote1546 of all hands1548 perlassent1548 una voce1567 by common consent1574 consentively1578 concordably1579 currently1593 unanimately1599 by or with one assent1611 unanimously1611 unanimely1625 consentingly1660 harmoniously1671 univocally1671 consentaneously1817 concurringly1840 solidly1865 solid1884 c1320 tr. J. Bonaventura Medit. 382 For ȝow we preyd alle with o steuene. a1450 Le Morte Arth. 2584 All they sayd with one steuen: ‘Lordyngis, how longe wolle ye chyde?’ †c. Voice in petition; cry, petition, prayer. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > request > [noun] > invocation or appeal bodec1175 stevenc1200 crya1300 askingc1330 prayerc1330 beseeching1340 invocationc1384 billc1386 conjuringa1400 pealc1400 conjurationc1450 adjuration?1473 remonstrance?1473 interpellation1526 contestation1548 address1570 vocation1574 imprecation1585 appellation1587 supplantation1590 advocation1598 application1607 invoking1611 inclamation1613 conjurement1643 bespeaking1661 vocative1747 incalling1850 appeal1859 appealing1876 appealingness1876 rogative1882 cri de cœur1897 c1200 Trin. Coll. Hom. 43 On diepe wosiðes ich clupe to þe hlouerd, hlouerd her mine stefne. c1275 Anthem St. Thomas 8 in Old Eng. Misc. 90 Haly thomas..Vre stephne vnderstonde. 13.. K. Alis. 6846 For, byhold, up thy steovene Ys y-herd into the heovene. a1400 Pistill of Susan 268 Lord, herteliche tak hede, and herkne my steuene So Fre. a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. ii. 17 God that shope both erth and heuen, I pray to the thou here my steven. 1589 T. Lodge Scillaes Metamorphosis E 2 Father of light..Bring to effect this my desired steauen. †d. Used for: Right of speaking. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > speech > [noun] > right of speaking stevenc1175 c1175 Lamb. Hom. 83 Mon hefde uorloren efre stephne bi-uore gode. †2. Speech, speaking; language, tongue. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > language > a language > [noun] speechc888 rounOE ledenc1000 tonguec1000 wordOE moalc1175 speaka1300 languagec1300 land-speecha1325 talea1325 lip1382 stevenc1386 languea1425 leed1513 public language1521 idiom1575 idiotism1588 lingua1660 lingua franca1697 receptive language1926 c1386 G. Chaucer Squire's Tale 150 Ther is no fowel þat fleeth vnder heuene That she ne shal wel vnderstonde his steuene. 14.. in F. J. Furnivall Polit., Relig., & Love Poems (1903) 245 ‘Superbia’ ys the most prinsipall [sin], ‘pryde pertly’ in englysshe steven. †3. Fame, report. Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the mind > attention and judgement > esteem > reputation > [noun] nameeOE talec1175 fame?c1225 lose1297 creancec1330 stevenc1374 opinionc1384 credencec1390 recorda1393 renowna1400 reputationc1400 reportc1425 regardc1440 esteema1450 noisea1470 reapport1514 estimation1530 savour1535 existimationa1538 countenancea1568 credit1576 standing1579 stair1590 perfumec1595 estimate1597 pass1601 reportage1612 vibration1666 suffrage1667 rep1677 face1834 odour1835 rap1966 c1374 G. Chaucer Troilus & Criseyde iii. 1723 Þat swych a voys was of hym and a steuene Thorugh-out þe world of honour and largesse. †4. Sound, noise (of singing, music, laughter). Obsolete. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > voice or vocal sound > [noun] reirdOE voicec1330 stevenc1369 sound1385 laita1400 lively voice1532 pipe1567 live voice1610 vocalities1667 squall1725 vox1869 Hobson's choice1937 c1369 G. Chaucer Bk. Duchesse 307 Some of hem [birds] songe lowe Some hygh and al of one accorde..Was neuer herde so swete a steuen. c1400 (?c1380) Pearl l. 1125 Al songe to loue þat gay Iuelle, Þe steuen moȝt stryke þurȝ þe vrþe to helle. c1450 (c1400) Sowdon of Babylon (1881) l. 2258 Dame Floripe lough with loude steven. a1460 Play Sacrament 80 Now mynstrell blow up w^t a mery stevyn. 5. Outcry, noise, tumult, din. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > loudness > confused sound > [noun] > uproar or tumult brack?c1200 ludea1275 ludingc1275 grede13.. to-doc1330 stevenc1385 ruitc1390 shoutingc1405 rumourc1425 dirdumc1440 shout1487 rippit?1507 glamer?a1513 rangat?a1513 reird?a1513 larumc1515 reirdour1535 uproar1544 clamouring1548 racket1565 baldare1582 rack jack1582 rufflery1582 pother1603 rut1607 clamorousnessa1617 hurricane1639 clutter1656 flaw1676 splutter1677 rout1684 hirdum-dirdum1724 fracas1727 collieshangie1737 racketing1760 hullabaloo1762 hurly1806 bobbery1816 trevally1819 pandemonium1827 hurly-burly1830 outroar1845 on-ding1871 tow-row1877 ruckus1885 molrowing1892 rookus1892 rux1918 c1385 G. Chaucer Legend Good Women 1219 The thundyr rorede with a gresely steuene. c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 1402 Sturne [MS. sturnen] trumpen strake steuen in halle. a1513 W. Dunbar Poems (1998) I. 173 Quhat help is thair in..pit obscure, Quhair ȝowlis ar with horrible stevin? 1558 T. Phaer tr. Virgil Seuen First Bks. Eneidos iii. sig. G.j^v And from the skyes the lightning fyers do flashe w^t grisly steauen. 1579 E. Spenser Shepheardes Cal. Sept. 224 And had not Roffy renne to the steuen [gloss Noyse], Lowder had be slaine. a1586 J. Maitland in J. Cranstoun Satirical Poems Reformation (1891) I. xxxvii. 18 As furious fluidis w^t gritter force ay flowis, And starkar stevin, quhene stoppit ar þe stremis. 1625 W. Lisle tr. G. de S. Du Bartas Noe in tr. Part of Du Bartas 25 Before some thunder-steaven For warrant of his act gave oracle from Heaven. 1826 J. Hogg Queen Hynde vi, in Poems (1865) 262 All nature roar'd in one dire steven; Heaven cried to earth, and earth to heaven. 1876 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Words Whitby Your clock strikes with a desperate stevvon. 6. Used by Middleton with obscure application. [Probably by some misunderstanding.] ΚΠ 1597 T. Middleton Wisdome of Solomon Paraphr. v. sig. G2^v His shield is victories immortall steauen. 1597 T. Middleton Wisdome of Solomon Paraphr. vii. sig. K2 Guilding her selfe with her selfe-changing steau'n. 1597 T. Middleton Wisdome of Solomon Paraphr. xviii. sig. Y3^v And brought thy precept? as a burning steauen, Reaching from heauen to earth, from earth to heauen. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online December 2021). † stevenn.² Forms: Old English stefn, Middle English stevene, Middle English stevyn, ( steywyne), 1500s stevin, stewin, Middle English–1500s, 1700s–1800s northern steven. See also stem n.³ Etymology: Old English stefn (masculine) (also stemn stem n.³), cognate with Old Norse stef fixed time, summons, stefna (see steven n.³). The Germanic root appears to be steƀ-. Obsolete. 1. A time, turn, vicissitude, occasion. níwan stefne (Old English), afresh, anew. to change (by) stevens (= Latin mutare vices), to take turns. ΘΚΠ the world > time > particular time > [noun] sitheeOE tidec897 timeeOE mealeOE whilec950 throwOE charec1000 stevenOE timeOE seasona1300 tempest1382 world1389 occasionc1425 tidement1575 period1602 minute1607 hinta1670 epoch1728 the world > existence and causation > occurrence > [noun] > vicissitude stevenOE the world > time > change > alternation > alternate [verb (intransitive)] to change (by) stevens1398 interchange1483 alternate1700 alternize1804 OE Beowulf* 2594 Hyrte hyne hordweard..niwan stefne; nearo ðrowode fyre befongen se ðe ær folce weold. 1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum viii. x. (Tollemache MS.) For as a weþer in lyinge up on on side turneþ and chaungeþ by euen steuines: so þe sonne beynge in..aries makeþ euenesse of day and nyȝte. 1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum xii. Introd. And þey [cranes] ordeyne wacches, and in wakynge chaungen steuines. 1590 Cobler of Caunterburie 50 Mickle could he say at each steuen, Of the liberall Arts seuen. 2. a. A set or appointed time; a date fixed for a meeting or a payment.In Middle English chiefly in the phrases to set a steven, to appoint a time; at set steven, at the or a fixed time; at unset steven, by chance, unpreparedly; to break one's steven, to fail to keep an appointment. ΘΚΠ the world > time > particular time > [noun] > an appointed or fixed time, day, or date tidea900 stemOE stevena1225 term?c1225 dayc1300 term dayc1300 stagea1325 hourc1380 setnessa1400 tryst1488 journeyc1500 big day1827 trysting day1842 a1225 Juliana 7 Ant efter lutle stounde wið ute long steuene wes him seolf sonde to Affrican. c1374 G. Chaucer Compl. Mars 52 That by her bothe assent was set a steuen That Mars shal entre. 1390 J. Gower Confessio Amantis II. 30 Wher was ther evere such a knyht, That so..Of Slowthe and of foryetelnesse Agein his trowthe brak his stevene? c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 2213 Who stiȝtleȝ in þis sted, me steuen to holde? c1400 (?c1390) Sir Gawain & Green Knight (1940) l. 1060 Þer watȝ stabled bi statut a steuen vs by-twene. c1405 (c1385) G. Chaucer Knight's Tale (Hengwrt) (2003) l. 666 For alday meeten men at vnset steuene. 1470–85 T. Malory Morte d'Arthur ii. xiv. 92 Yf I slee hym here I shall not scape. And yf I leue hym now perauentur I shalle neuer mete with hym ageyne at suche a steuen. a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xxviii. 373 Mi dere fader of heuen..From ded to lif, at set stevyn, Rasid me. 1543 in State Papers Henry VIII (1836) V. 287 The Cardinal..will sodenly, ere he be ware, prevent hym, and take hym at such unsett stewin, as he nor all the frendes he hath shall not be able to relief hym. 1545 in State Papers Henry VIII (1849) X. 723 And, as it chaunced, we met even at on steven, before the tent. 1555 W. Waterman tr. Josephus in tr. J. Boemus Fardle of Facions sig. Y.iij That..ye maie haue wholesome remedies, when nede is, and not be driuen to sieke remedie at vnsette steuin. a1600 Robin Hood & Guy of Gisb. xxvii, in F. J. Child Eng. & Sc. Pop. Ballads (1888) III. v. 93/1 Wee may chance mee[t] with Robin Hoode Att some vnsett steven. b. A convened assembly. ΘΚΠ society > society and the community > social relations > association for a common purpose > meeting or assembling for common purpose > [noun] > a meeting synagoguea1300 councilc1340 collect1382 convent1382 convocation1387 samingc1400 advocationa1425 meetingc1425 steven1481 congress1528 concion1533 conference1575 collection1609 congression1611 divan1619 rendezvous1628 comitia1631 society1712 majlis1821 get-up1826 agora1886 1481 tr. Cicero De Senectute (Caxton) sig. c5 When I am in my village..I make euery day meetynges, steuyns, and assemblees of my neyghbours. Compounds † steven-free n. Obsolete some kind of right enjoyed by certain tenants with regard to the use of the lord's mill; ? exemption from restriction to particular times. ΘΚΠ society > law > legal right > rights to do or use something > [noun] > rights to grind or mill stone-grist1235 steven-free1316 1316 Covenant at Bishop's Castle, Salop (Addit. Chart. 40846) Concessit etiam dictus Rogerus..predicto Philippo..Steuenefreo in dicto molendino suo. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online December 2021). † stevenn.³ Forms: Old English stefn (?), Middle English stevin, steven(e, Middle English steyvyne, Scottish stewyn. Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: Norse stefna. Etymology: Late Old English stefn (plural stefna ) < Old Norse stefna, < stefna to fix a time, summon: see steven v.¹ (sense 3). Obsolete. A citation, summons; bidding, command. ΚΠ c1100 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (MS. D.) ann. 1052 Geræddon þa þat man sealde gislas betweonan, & setton stefna ut to Lundene, & man bead þa folce [etc.]. a1400 Gosp. Nicod. 162 Þe men þat wight and willy ware said: to þi steuin we stand. a1400 Isumbras 299 And alle salle bowe hir to fote and hande, And noghte withstande hir stevene. c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness l. 360 Now Noe neuer stystez [margin ? styntez]..Er al wer stawed & stoken, as þe steuen wolde. c1400 (?c1380) Cleanness (1920) l. 463 [The raven sent out from the ark] Fallez on þe foule flesch..& sone ȝederly for-ȝete ȝister-day steuen. c1440 York Myst. ix. 6 Thre semely sonnes and a worthy wiffe I haue euer at my steven to stande. 1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) vii. l. 232 Grantyt wes fra god in the gret hewyn; Sa ordand he that law suld be thar stewyn. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online March 2021). † stevenn.⁴ Forms: 1500s stewin, stewyn, 1500s–1600s steven. Etymology: Either representing Old English stęfn variant of stęmn stem n.², or < the equivalent Dutch or Low German steven. Scottish. Obsolete. = stem n.² 1. ΘΚΠ society > travel > travel by water > vessel, ship, or boat > parts of vessels > body of vessel > fore part of vessel > [noun] foreshipc1000 stam1336 bilynge?a1400 forestam?a1400 boat-head1485 head1485 prore1489 forecastle1490 steven1512 forepart1526 nose1538 prow1555 stem1555 forebow1569 beak-head1579 galion1604 bow1626 fore-beaka1656 forebudding1811 prora1847 snout1853 forward1892 sharp end1948 1512–13 in J. B. Paul Accts. Treasurer Scotl. (1902) IV. 473 Item,.. ane [dracht] fra Newbotill of stewmnys to boittis. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid i. i. 65 With bent saill ful, richt merely saland, Thair stewinnis stowrand fast throw the salt fame. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid i. iii. 19 The schippis stewyn frawart hir went can writhe. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid v. iv. 137 Stevenis. a1646 D. Wedderburn Vocabula (1685) 22 Prora, the steven of a ship or the fore-castle. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online March 2021). stevenn.⁵ /ˈstɛv(ə)n/ slang. Money. ΘΚΠ society > trade and finance > money > [noun] silverc825 feec870 pennieseOE wortheOE mintOE scata1122 spense?c1225 spendinga1290 sumc1300 gooda1325 moneya1325 cattlec1330 muckc1330 reasona1382 pecunyc1400 gilt1497 argentc1500 gelta1529 Mammon1539 ale silver1541 scruff1559 the sinews of war1560 sterling1565 lour1567 will-do-all1583 shell1591 trasha1592 quinyie1596 brass1597 pecuniary1604 dust1607 nomisma1614 countera1616 cross and pilea1625 gingerbreada1625 rhinoa1628 cash1646 grig1657 spanker1663 cole1673 goree1699 mopus1699 quid1699 ribbin1699 bustle1763 necessary1772 stuff1775 needfula1777 iron1785 (the) Spanish1788 pecuniar1793 kelter1807 dibs1812 steven1812 pewter1814 brad1819 pogue1819 rent1823 stumpy1828 posh1830 L. S. D.1835 rivetc1835 tin1836 mint sauce1839 nobbins1846 ochre1846 dingbat1848 dough1848 cheese1850 California1851 mali1851 ducat1853 pay dirt1853 boodle?1856 dinero1856 scad1856 the shiny1856 spondulicks1857 rust1858 soap1860 sugar1862 coin1874 filthy1876 wampum1876 ooftish1877 shekel1883 oil1885 oof1885 mon1888 Jack1890 sploshc1890 bees and honey1892 spending-brass1896 stiff1897 mazuma1900 mazoom1901 cabbage1903 lettuce1903 Oscar Asche1905 jingle1906 doubloons1908 kale1912 scratch1914 green1917 oscar1917 snow1925 poke1926 oodle1930 potatos1931 bread1935 moolah1936 acker1939 moo1941 lolly1943 loot1943 poppy1943 mazoola1944 dosh1953 bickies1966 lovely jubbly1990 scrilla1994 1812 Sporting Mag. 40 131 The steven (meaning money in the language of a fighting ring). 1819 J. H. Vaux New Vocab. Flash Lang. in Memoirs II. 214 Steven, money. 1834 W. H. Ainsworth Rookwood III. iv. ii. 244 It plays the dickens with the steven. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online September 2018). † stevenv.¹ Etymology: Old English stefnan, stæfnan, < stefn, steven n.² Compare Old Norse stefna. Obsolete. 1. intransitive. In Old English: To alternate, take turns. Cf. steven n.² 1. ΚΠ c725 Corpus Gloss. 126 Alternantium staefnendra. 2. transitive. To appoint, constitute. ΘΚΠ society > authority > office > appointment to office > appoint a person to an office [verb (transitive)] setc1000 stevenOE assign1297 inseta1300 stable1300 ordaina1325 instituec1384 to put ina1387 limitc1405 point?1405 stablish1439 institutec1475 invest1489 assumec1503 to fill the hands of1535 establish1548 settle1548 appoint1557 place1563 assumptc1571 dispose1578 seat1595 state1604 instate1613 to bring ina1616 officea1616 constitute1616 impose1617 ascribe1624 install1647 to set up1685 prick1788 society > authority > command > command or bidding > command [verb (transitive)] > ordain, prescribe, or appoint asetc885 teachc897 deemc900 ashapea1000 i-demeOE setc1000 shiftc1000 stevenOE redeOE willOE lookc1175 showc1175 stablea1300 devise1303 terminea1325 shapec1330 stightlea1375 determinec1384 judgea1387 sign1389 assize1393 statute1397 commanda1400 decree1399 yarka1400 writec1405 decreetc1425 rule1447 stallc1460 constitute1481 assignc1485 institute1485 prescribec1487 constitue1489 destinate1490 to lay down1493 make?a1513 call1523 plant1529 allot1532 stint1533 determ1535 appointa1538 destinec1540 prescrive1552 lot1560 fore-appoint1561 nominate1564 to set down1576 refer1590 sort1592 doom1594 fit1600 dictate1606 determinate1636 inordera1641 state1647 fix1660 direct1816 OE Genesis 160 Frea engla heht þurh his word wesan wæter gemæne, þa nu under roderum heora ryne healdað, stowe gestefnde. a1250 (?a1200) Ancrene Riwle (Nero) (1952) 140 Pepigimus cum morte fedus. & cum inferno pactum iniuimus. þet is. we habbeð trouðe ipluht deaðe & foreward istefned mid helle. c1440 York Myst. xxiii. 64 Lord God! I loue þe..Þat me, thy poure prophett Hely, Haue steuened me in þis stede to stande. 3. To summon. [After Old Norse stefna.] ΚΠ a1122 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) ann. 1048 Þa hi þider ut comon þa stefnede heom man to ge mote. a1122 Anglo-Saxon Chron. (Laud) ann. 1093 And se cing Willelm him steofnode to Gloweceastre. 4. To specify, state. ΘΚΠ the world > relative properties > kind or sort > individual character or quality > the quality of being specific > make specific [verb (transitive)] > specify or state precisely notea1325 specifyc1340 definec1374 assign1377 expressc1400 stevenc1425 condescend1510 particulate1579 particularize1593 particular1605 specialize1616 specificate1649 individualize1655 designate1677 determinate1681 precise1793 precisionize1847 c1425 J. Lydgate Assembly of Gods 824 A crane on hys hede stood, hys crest for to steuyn. c1440 Pol. Rel. & L. Poems (1903) 143 In Rome Y shall ȝou steuene An honþred kyrkes fowrty and seuen. 5. dialect. (See quots.) ΘΚΠ the mind > possession > acquisition > obtain or acquire [verb (transitive)] > obtain or acquire in a certain way > by asking, entreaty, or importunity > by ordering ordaina1393 speak1508 to speak of ——1600 steven1674 commission1790 tryst1825 order1836 to order up1843 indent1897 1674 J. Ray N. Country Words To Stein or steven; idem [i.e. to bespeak a thing]. 1828 W. Carr Dial. Craven (ed. 2) Stevven, to order, to bespeak. Derivatives † stevening n. Obsolete appointment. ΚΠ a1350 in G. L. Brook Harley Lyrics (1968) 45 Of treuþe nis þe trichour noht, bote he habbe is wille ywroht at steuenyng vmbe stounde. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online September 2021). stevenv.² /ˈstɛv(ə)n/ Etymology: < steven n.¹ Now dialect. 1. intransitive. To make an uproar, shout. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > loudness > confused sound > [verb (intransitive)] > uproar or tumult clamourc1400 rumblec1405 shout1513 racket1617 to keep a (bad, etc.) quarter1632 to raise a dust1649 obstreperate1765 row1797 uproar1834 to raise Cain1840 to raise the mischief1840 to raise (also lift) the roof1845 steven1855 tow-row1877 c1220Stefninge [see stevening n. at Derivatives]. c1440Steuenyng [see stevening n. at Derivatives]. 1855 F. K. Robinson Gloss. Yorks. Words 167 To Stevvon, to shout with great strength of voice. 1873 J. Harland Gloss. Words Swaledale Stevin,..to rant. 2. transitive. To deafen with noise. ΘΚΠ the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > loudness > make a loud sound or noise [verb (transitive)] > deafen or stun adinc1275 stonyc1330 astone1340 astony1340 deavea1400 fordeave?1553 blasta1616 stun1621 obtund1664 dunt1672 dun1674 bruit1707 astound1727 steven1862 1862 C. C. Robinson Dial. Leeds & Neighbourhood Gloss. s.v. Mak a less o' thee din, wi' tuh! it's fit to stevvon onnybody. Derivatives ˈstevening n. ΘΚΠ society > authority > command > command or bidding > [noun] > ordinance, prescription, or appointment besight1258 ordainmenta1325 constitution1393 assignationa1400 signmentc1425 appointmentc1440 steveningc1440 pointingc1449 ordinationc1450 instituting1534 prescription1542 prescribement1563 assignment1597 nomination1597 designation1609 consignation1650 reassignment1650 reassignation1655 consignmenta1668 appunctuation1768 destination1868 allocation1876 the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > degree, kind, or quality of sound > loudness > [noun] > loud sound or noise chirma800 dina1000 utas1202 noise?c1225 nurthc1225 dinninga1400 glama1400 glavera1400 reer?a1400 reirdc1400 dunch1440 steveningc1440 rebound1457 bruit?1473 alarm1489 yell1509 gild?a1513 shout?a1513 reveriea1522 routa1522 thundering1560 rumouringc1563 dinrie?1566 rear1567 fray1568 thunder-crack1595 thunder1600 fanfarea1605 fragor1605 clamour1606 thunder-clap1610 obstrepency1623 tonitruation1658 randana1661 clarion1667 leden1674 bluster1724 salvoa1734 ding1750 row1753 tonance1778 dunder1780 chang1788 blare1807 flare1815 detonation1830 trump1848 trumpeting1850 foghorn1875 yammer1932 the world > physical sensation > hearing and noise > voice or vocal sound > cry or shout (loudness) > [noun] > crying or shouting cryc1380 reer?a1400 steveningc1440 vociferation1528 yowling1528 luring1547 holloing1600 bawling1629 vociferating1729 hallalloo1737 yo-yoing1836 vociferance1838 c1220 Bestiary 575 Sipmen here steringe forgeten for hire stefninge. c1440 York Myst. xxxii. 6 Ȝe stynte of youre steuenyng so stowte. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online December 2020). † stevenv.³ Forms: Also Middle English stevyn, 1500s stevin. Origin: A borrowing from early Scandinavian. Etymon: Norse stefna. Etymology: < Old Norse stefna, to sail in a certain direction; to aim (at something), < stafn stem of a ship. Obsolete. intransitive. To direct one's course. ΘΚΠ society > travel > aspects of travel > travel in specific course or direction > direct one's course [verb (intransitive)] thinkeOE bowa1000 seta1000 scritheOE minlOE turnc1175 to wend one's wayc1225 ettlec1275 hieldc1275 standc1300 to take (the) gatec1330 bear?c1335 applyc1384 aim?a1400 bend1399 hita1400 straighta1400 bounc1400 intendc1425 purposec1425 appliquec1440 stevenc1440 shape1480 make1488 steera1500 course1555 to make out1558 to make in1575 to make for ——a1593 to make forth1594 plyc1595 trend1618 tour1768 to lie up1779 head1817 loop1898 c1440 Alphabet of Tales 302 & furthwith, evyn at he say, þis layser stevend vp vnto hevyn. a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xxix. 398 When he stevynd vp so sodanly To his Fader in maiesté. a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xxvi. 354 Nay, Mary, neghe thou not me, For to my Fader, tell I thee, Yit stevynd I noght. a1500 (a1460) Towneley Plays (1994) I. xx. 244 That childe..rasyd hymself apon the thryd day, And steuen [d] to heuen. 1513 G. Douglas tr. Virgil Æneid v. i. 57 This being said, towart the port thai stevin. This entry has not yet been fully updated (first published 1916; most recently modified version published online June 2021). < n.¹a900n.²OEn.³c1100n.⁴1512n.⁵1812v.¹c725v.²c1220v.³c1440
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stevenn.1

† stevenn.2

Compounds

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stevenn.5

† stevenv.1

Derivatives

stevenv.2

Derivatives

† stevenv.3

stevenn.¹

† stevenn.²

† stevenn.³

† stevenn.⁴

stevenn.⁵

† stevenv.¹

stevenv.²

† stevenv.³