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单词 still as stone
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still as stone
2. At rest, motionless; without change of place or attitude. With certain verbs. (In Middle English often in alliterative phrase still as stone, stone still; in modern English occasionally stock still.)For the justification for treating the word in this use as adverb rather than as adjectival complement, see note to still adj. 1.
a. to stand still. (Sometimes merely a more explicit synonym of the verb stand v. 3a, 26, 29b, 29d, 30a.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > absence of movement > [adverb] > without moving
to stand stillc1000
stone-still?c1225
statuelike1640
unmovingly1733
stirlessly1825
statically1841
motionlessly1847
c1000 Sax. Leechd. III. 262 Seo sunne stod stille.
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 2137 All swa summ þe steoressmann. Aȝȝ lokeþþ till an steorrne. Þatt stannt aȝȝ still upp o þe lifft. & swiþe brihhte shineþþ.
c1300 Leg. Gregory (Schulz) 401 Gregorij stod stille so ston.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 8188 Þe strem all still began to stand.
c1400 Mandeville's Trav. (Roxb.) xii. 50 It rynnes noȝt, ne nowþer ebbez ne flowez, bot standez ay still.
?1523 J. Fitzherbert Bk. Husbandry f. xliiv A tree hath a propertie to growe to a certayne hyght, and whan he cometh to that hyght he standeth styll.
1526 Bible (Tyndale) Matt. xx. f. xxviijv Then Iesus stode styll, and called them.
1533 T. More Answere Poysened Bk. i. xv. f. lxix How the runnyng ryuer of Jordane stode styll.
1548 in Vicary's Anat. Bodie of Man (1888) App. iii. 134 Ye other ij Aldermen..which then shall remayne and stond still in the seyd office.
1577 T. Kendall tr. Politianus et al. Flowers of Epigrammes f. 10v The Bowe that bended standeth still, his strength will loose and lack.
1609 W. Shakespeare Sonnets civ. sig. G2v So your sweete hew, which me thinkes still doth stand Hath motion, and mine eye may be deceaued. View more context for this quotation
1613 S. Purchas Pilgrimage 740 The Ship stood still, and neither stirred forward or backwards.
1655 C. Sympson in J. Playford Introd. Skill Musick ii. 14 When your Base standeth still (that is to say, hath two or more Notes together in one and the same place).
1668 R. Steele Husbandmans Calling (1672) iii. 30 If God's providence above, and his plough below stand still, we must all shortly beg or starve.
1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 129. ¶1 A Clock that stands still is sure to point right once in twelve Hours.
1712 J. Addison Spectator No. 407. ¶1 Our Preachers stand stock-still in the Pulpit.
1766 O. Goldsmith Vicar of Wakefield I. x. 97 One of the horses took it into his head to stand still.
1828 E. Bulwer-Lytton Pelham II. xxvii. 313 I paused, and my heart stood still.
1858 Jrnl. Royal Agric. Soc. 19 i. 193 This shoot becomes a worthless tree..which after a few years' growth stands still.
1860 F. Nightingale Notes on Nursing (rev. ed.) iii. 58 Many people seem to think that the world stands still while they are away, or at dinner, or ill.
1877 A. B. Edwards Thousand Miles up Nile xii. 317 Time seems to have stood as still as in that immortal palace where everything went to sleep for a hundred years.
b. to sit, lie still. (See the senses of the verbs.)
ΘΚΠ
the world > movement > absence of movement > [verb (intransitive)] > remain unmoved
restOE
to sit, lie stillc1000
c1000 Ælfric Homilies II. 438 Hire swuster Maria sæt stille æt Drihtnes fotum.
c1175 Ormulum (Burchfield transcript) l. 5839 Forr leness whellp þær þær itt iss. Whellpedd. tær liþ itt stille.
c1250 Owl & Night. 282 Me is leof to habbe reste And sitte stille in myne neste.
c1275 (?a1200) Laȝamon Brut (Calig.) (1963) l. 1528 Þus seide þe mæiden..& seoððen set swþe stille.
1297 R. Gloucester's Chron. (Rolls) 243 To deþe he sset his owe fader þat he lai þer stille.
c1386 G. Chaucer Summoner's Tale 492 The lady of the hous al stille sat, Til she had herd what the frere sayde.
a1400 (a1325) Cursor Mundi (Vesp.) l. 20509 Sittes stell now mar and lesse, And hers now þes mirines.
c1460 J. Metham Wks. (1916) 60/1617 But Cleopes for fere lay ston stylle.
1488 (c1478) Hary Actis & Deidis Schir William Wallace (Adv.) (1968–9) i. l. 247 In that same hous thai socht him beselye Bot he sat still and span full conandly.
1530 J. Palsgrave Lesclarcissement 719/1 I syt styll, I remove nat, je ne me bouge. Let every man syt styll on payne of his lyfe.
1546 J. Heywood Dialogue Prouerbes Eng. Tongue ii. v. sig. Hii Folke saie, better syt still, than rise and fall.
1548 Hall's Vnion: Henry VI f. clxxj Kyng Henry..perceyuing that the duke of Yorke lay still, and made no open apparance, of assemble or commocion, returned.
1611 Bible (King James) Zech. i. 11 And behold, all the earth sitteth still, and is at rest. View more context for this quotation
1671 J. Milton Paradise Regain'd iii. 164 And think'st thou to regain Thy right by sitting still or thus retiring? View more context for this quotation
1688 J. Bunyan Heavenly Foot-man (1886) 182 He that backslideth, and he that sitteth still in sin.
1711 J. Addison Spectator No. 50. ¶7 This lazy People sat still above three Hours.
1859 J. W. Carlyle Lett. III. 7 I rose at six, tired of lying still.
1901 R. Buller in Scotsman 11 Oct. 5/8 I said..‘He is a gallant fellow; he will sit still to the end.’
c. With other verbs, as abide, dwell. Obsolete.In the 15–16th centuries quots. there is a transition to senses 3, 4.
ΚΠ
1303 R. Mannyng Handlyng Synne 308 Dwelle ȝyt with me a woke stylle.
13.. Seuyn Sages (W.) 1533 The child bileft still in prisoun.
1340 R. Rolle Pricke of Conscience 2746 In purgatori saules dueles stille Until þai be clensed of alle ille.
1393 Regist. Aberbrothoc (Bannatyne Club) II. 43 Of the xxxv marcis v marcis sal dwel style in the abbotis hand..quhillys the quer be thekyt and alurryt al abowyt with stane.
c1393 G. Chaucer Scogan 39 That rustyth in myn schede stylle in pes.
1398 J. Trevisa tr. Bartholomew de Glanville De Proprietatibus Rerum (1495) xii. xxxvi. 435 The vulture huntyth fro mydday to nyght and restyth styl fro the sonne rysinge to that tyme.
c1400 Ywaine & Gaw. 1960 I pray yow for to dwel her still.
a1425 tr. Arderne's Treat. Fistula 25 Be it [a bandage] festned fast to þe girdel vpon þe womb, and lat it abide so stille to þe tyme come þat it be eft-sones remoued.
c1450 How Good Wijf (Lamb. 853) in Babees Bk. (2002) i. 43 Wheþer þat þei dwelle stille or þei wende awey.
1526 Bible (Tyndale) John xi. f. cxxxvij Then aboode he two dayes still in the same place where he was.
c1557 Enterlude of Youth (new ed.) sig. Biv Let him come if he will He were better to bide styll.
1560 Nice Wanton (facs.) C ij Where it groweth strong there wil it abide stil.
extracted from stilladv.
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