sticklebackn.

Brit.

/ˈstɪklbak/, U.S.

/ˈstɪkəlˌbæk/

Inflections: Plural sticklebacks, unchanged.

Forms:

α. late Middle English stykylbak, 1500s sticklebagge, 1500s sticklebanck, 1500s sticklebancke, 1500s sticklebanke, 1600s sticklebacke, 1600s sticklebag, 1600s– stickleback.

β. 1600s stitlebagge, 1600s stittlebag, 1700s stittleback.

Origin: Apparently a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymons: English sticel , back n.¹

Etymology: Apparently < a reflex of Old English sticel prick, sting, thorn, goad (see note) + back n.¹ Compare earlier banstickle n., stanstickle n., and stickling n.¹ Compare also later prickleback n.Old English sticel is cognate with or formed similarly to Middle Dutch stekele prickly plant (Dutch stekel sting, prickle, spine), Old High German stihhil sting, pointed pole (Middle High German stichel sting, German Stichel , now only in sense ‘burin’) and Old Icelandic stikill point of a drinking horn < the Germanic base of stick v.¹ + the Germanic base of -le suffix. Compare also Old English sticol steep, rugged (see stickle adj.¹), occasionally attested in the sense ‘biting’ and also used, in uncertain sense, of a snake and shellfish. Compare Old High German hornstechal (of a horned animal) apt to gore.

A small, scaleless, bony fish of the family Gasterosteidae, esp. of the genus Gasterosteus, characteristically having two or more free spines in front of the dorsal fin, widespread in the northern hemisphere in both fresh and salt water.Also: rough-tailed stickleback, sea-stickleback, skipping stickleback, three-spined stickleback: see the first element.

ΘΚΠ

the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > order Gasterosteiformes (sticklebacks) > [noun] > family Gasterosteidae > member of (stickleback)

sticklinga1400

stitlingc1425

sticklebacka1475

shaftling1558

sharpling1558

stansticklea1637

hackle1655

pricklefish1668

prickling1668

jack sharp?1758

tittlebat1781

Jack Sharpnails1787

thorny-back1811

struttle1821

bandie1825

tinker1833

thornback1859

tiddler1885

a1475 in T. Wright & J. O. Halliwell Reliquiæ Antiquæ (1845) I. 85 The borbottus and the stykylbakys.

1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Sticklyng or stickle bagge fishe.

1599 T. Nashe Lenten Stuffe 1 The silliest millers thombe, or contemptible stickle-banck.

1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Artiere, the Sharpling, Stickling, or Sticklebacke.

a1627 W. Rowley & T. Middleton Wit at Severall Weapons v. i, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Llllll3^v/2 I have been seven mile in length, along the new River; I have seene a hundred stickle bags.

1656 H. More Enthusiasmus Triumphatus Observ. 139 No fish, not so much as a small Stittle-bag.

1754 F. Watson Animal World Display'd ii. 191 Besides this common Stittle-Back of our little Ditches, which has only three of these Prickles on its Back, there are two others.

1769 T. Pennant Brit. Zool. (new ed.) III. vi. 217 Stickleback..are common in many of our rivers.

1799 A. Young Gen. View Agric. County Lincoln 259 Sticklebacks in the East and West fens [are] so numerous, that a man has made 4s. a day by selling them at a halfpenny a bushel.

1836 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 39 306 The thorny lophoderme of a centronote or stickleback.

1896 R. Lydekker Royal Nat. Hist. V. 403 The sticklebacks have the honour not only of representing a genus (Gastrosteus), but likewise a family by themselves.

1952 M. K. Wilson tr. K. Lorenz King Solomon's Ring iv. 28 In the confinied space of a small tank, a stronger male stickleback may harry a weaker one to death.

1998 A. Manning & M. S. Dawkins Introd. Animal Behaviour (ed. 5) iv. 202 When sticklebacks are very hungry, they prefer to feed in high density swarms of water fleas.

2003 Church Times 25 July 32/3 Dace and sticklebacks are milling around in the spaces between the weed.

This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2017; most recently modified version published online March 2022).

单词	stickleback
释义	sticklebackn. Brit. /ˈstɪklbak/, U.S. /ˈstɪkəlˌbæk/ Inflections: Plural sticklebacks, unchanged. Forms: α. late Middle English stykylbak, 1500s sticklebagge, 1500s sticklebanck, 1500s sticklebancke, 1500s sticklebanke, 1600s sticklebacke, 1600s sticklebag, 1600s– stickleback. β. 1600s stitlebagge, 1600s stittlebag, 1700s stittleback. Origin: Apparently a variant or alteration of another lexical item. Etymons: English sticel , back n.¹ Etymology: Apparently < a reflex of Old English sticel prick, sting, thorn, goad (see note) + back n.¹ Compare earlier banstickle n., stanstickle n., and stickling n.¹ Compare also later prickleback n.Old English sticel is cognate with or formed similarly to Middle Dutch stekele prickly plant (Dutch stekel sting, prickle, spine), Old High German stihhil sting, pointed pole (Middle High German stichel sting, German Stichel , now only in sense ‘burin’) and Old Icelandic stikill point of a drinking horn < the Germanic base of stick v.¹ + the Germanic base of -le suffix. Compare also Old English sticol steep, rugged (see stickle adj.¹), occasionally attested in the sense ‘biting’ and also used, in uncertain sense, of a snake and shellfish. Compare Old High German hornstechal (of a horned animal) apt to gore. A small, scaleless, bony fish of the family Gasterosteidae, esp. of the genus Gasterosteus, characteristically having two or more free spines in front of the dorsal fin, widespread in the northern hemisphere in both fresh and salt water.Also: rough-tailed stickleback, sea-stickleback, skipping stickleback, three-spined stickleback: see the first element. ΘΚΠ the world > animals > fish > superorder Acanthopterygii (spiny fins) > order Perciformes (perches) > order Gasterosteiformes (sticklebacks) > [noun] > family Gasterosteidae > member of (stickleback) sticklinga1400 stitlingc1425 sticklebacka1475 shaftling1558 sharpling1558 stansticklea1637 hackle1655 pricklefish1668 prickling1668 jack sharp?1758 tittlebat1781 Jack Sharpnails1787 thorny-back1811 struttle1821 bandie1825 tinker1833 thornback1859 tiddler1885 a1475 in T. Wright & J. O. Halliwell Reliquiæ Antiquæ (1845) I. 85 The borbottus and the stykylbakys. 1552 R. Huloet Abcedarium Anglico Latinum Sticklyng or stickle bagge fishe. 1599 T. Nashe Lenten Stuffe 1 The silliest millers thombe, or contemptible stickle-banck. 1611 R. Cotgrave Dict. French & Eng. Tongues Artiere, the Sharpling, Stickling, or Sticklebacke. a1627 W. Rowley & T. Middleton Wit at Severall Weapons v. i, in F. Beaumont & J. Fletcher Comedies & Trag. (1647) sig. Llllll3^v/2 I have been seven mile in length, along the new River; I have seene a hundred stickle bags. 1656 H. More Enthusiasmus Triumphatus Observ. 139 No fish, not so much as a small Stittle-bag. 1754 F. Watson Animal World Display'd ii. 191 Besides this common Stittle-Back of our little Ditches, which has only three of these Prickles on its Back, there are two others. 1769 T. Pennant Brit. Zool. (new ed.) III. vi. 217 Stickleback..are common in many of our rivers. 1799 A. Young Gen. View Agric. County Lincoln 259 Sticklebacks in the East and West fens [are] so numerous, that a man has made 4s. a day by selling them at a halfpenny a bushel. 1836 Blackwood's Edinb. Mag. 39 306 The thorny lophoderme of a centronote or stickleback. 1896 R. Lydekker Royal Nat. Hist. V. 403 The sticklebacks have the honour not only of representing a genus (Gastrosteus), but likewise a family by themselves. 1952 M. K. Wilson tr. K. Lorenz King Solomon's Ring iv. 28 In the confinied space of a small tank, a stronger male stickleback may harry a weaker one to death. 1998 A. Manning & M. S. Dawkins Introd. Animal Behaviour (ed. 5) iv. 202 When sticklebacks are very hungry, they prefer to feed in high density swarms of water fleas. 2003 Church Times 25 July 32/3 Dace and sticklebacks are milling around in the spaces between the weed. This entry has been updated (OED Third Edition, March 2017; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < n.a1475
随便看	to gride its way to grieve to the guts to grille off to grimace it to grime the face of to grin and abide to grin and bear it to grin for to grin in a glass case to grin like a cheshire cat to grin smile from ear to ear to grin the teeth to grin through a horse-collar to grin through a horsecollar to grin with the teeth to grind a valve in to grind a valve into to grind a valve on to to grind in to grind into to grind on to to grind out to grind the coffee mill to grind the faces occasionally face of to grind the faces of