单词 | state of matter |
释义 | state of mattern. A state or condition in which matter exists (cf. sense state n. 3c); a material state or condition as opposed to a spiritual one; (Physics) each of the different modes in which matter can exist, traditionally categorized as solid, liquid, and gas, but extended from the 19th cent. onwards to other states, such as colloids and plasmas.In Physics one of the major additional states of matter is plasma (plasma n. 6); others include superfluids and Bose–Einstein condensates. ΘΚΠ the world > matter > chemistry > physical chemistry > phases > [noun] state1652 state of matter1665 phase1875 the world > existence and causation > existence > materiality > [noun] > matter or corporeal substance mattera1500 stuff1580 materiary1650 state of matter1665 1665 R. Boyle New Exper. & Observ. Cold i. 109 Whether Fire be not, as Wind..rather a state of Matter, or Matter consider'd whilest it is in such a kind of Motion, then a distinct and particular species of natural Bodies. 1704 J. Toland Lett. Serena v. 202 That deservedly admir'd Author [sc. Mr. Newton]..has seen the farthest of all Men living into the actual State of Matter. 1814 Philos. Trans. (Royal Soc.) 104 59 These experiments..appear to furnish a more evident proof..of the inherent electrical states of matter, which are decidedly exhibited by the attractions and repulsions between the opposite poles. 1880 W. Crookes in Proc. Royal Soc. 30 469 (title) On a fourth state of matter. 1959 New Scientist 14 May 1078/3 Heat is being converted directly into electricity. A whole new state of matter—plasma—is being conjured with. 1981 L. A. Govinda Inner Struct. I Ching viii. 49 The following five symbols correspond to..states of matter, such as solidity, fluidity, incandescence, gaseousness or evaporation. 2000 Times Educ. Suppl. (Nexis) 17 Nov. 5 A live science show follows the film. It explores the water cycle and the three states of matter. This is a new entry (OED Third Edition, December 2012; most recently modified version published online March 2022). < |
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